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Heterogonesis

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Heterogonesis describes the segregation of parental genomes into distinct cell lineages in the dividing zygote.

Fertilisation occurs when an ovum fuses with a sperm, forming a zygote. Normally, the genomes of the two parents assort into two diploid bi-parental daughter cells. In a heterogoneic cell division, the genome of only one parent assorts into a single daughter cell following the formation of a tripolar (rather than the normal bipolar) spindle apparatus. Heterogonesis allows for chromosomal segregation to occur in a dispermic fertilisation which may subsequently result in chimerism or sesquizygosis.

The term heterogonesis was coined in 2016 by Destouni and Vermeesch who observed the phenomenon in bovine zygotes. The word is derived from the Greek meaning "different parental origin".

References

  1. ^ Destouni, Aspasia; Esteki; Catteeuw; Tšuiko; Dimitriadou; Smits; Kurg; Salumets; van Soom; Vermeesch, Joris (2016). "Zygotes segregate entire parental genomes in distinct blastomere lineages causing cleavage-stage chimerism and mixoploidy". Genome Research. 26 (5): 567–578. doi:10.1101/gr.200527.115. PMC 4864459. PMID 27197242.
  2. Gabbett, M.T.; Laporte, J.; Sekar, R.; Nandini, A.; McGrath, P.; Sapkota, Y.; Jiang, P.; Zhang, H.; Burgess, T.; Montgomery, G.W.; Chiu, R. (2019). "Molecular support for heterogonesis resulting in sesquizygotic twinning" (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine. 380 (9): 842–849. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1701313. PMID 30811910. S2CID 73512149.
  3. Destouni, Aspasia; Vermeesch, Joris (2017). "How can zygotes segregate entire parental genomes into distinct blastomeres? The zygote metaphase revisited". BioEssays. 39 (4). doi:10.1002/bies.201600226. PMID 28247957. S2CID 3813188.
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