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Hyacinthoides × massartiana
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Asparagaceae
Subfamily:	Scilloideae
Genus:	Hyacinthoides
Species:	H. × massartiana
Binomial name
Hyacinthoides × massartiana Geerinck
Synonyms
"Hyacinthoides × variabilis" P.D.Sell

Hyacinthoides × massartiana is a hybrid species produced by crosses between the common bluebell, H. non-scripta and the Spanish bluebell, H. hispanica. H. × massartiana fills a spectrum of variation which connects the two parental species.

Distribution

Hyacinthoides × massartiana has become widespread across Britain and Belgium, both of which have large populations of H. non-scripta. It is often found on the edges of woodland and roadsides, particularly in urban areas, suggesting that it has spread from gardens planted with H. hispanica. There is great concern over the effect that the hybrid may have on native H. non-scripta populations, diluting the characteristics of the native species and out-competing it due to H. hispanica's robust fertility and the effects of climate change.

Taxonomic history

Hybrids between H. non-scripta and H. hispanica were first given a specific name in 1997, when the Belgian botanist D. Geerinck described them as H. × massartiana, honouring the botanist Jean Massart. The type locality is Watermael-Boitsfort, near Brussels, Belgium; the holotype is held in Brussels, with an isotype in Liège. The same taxon had already been given the name "Hyacinthoides × variabilis" by P. D. Sell in 1996 in the Flora of Great Britain and Ireland, but without a valid Latin diagnosis.

References

1. Clive A. Stace (2010). "Hyacinthoides Heist. ex Fabr. (Endymion Dumort.) – bluebells". New Flora of the British Isles (3rd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 920–921. ISBN 978-0-521-70772-5.
2. Verloove, Filip (5 March 2018). "Hyacinthoides x massartiana". Manual of the Alien Plants of Belgium.
3. "Hyacinthoides non-scripta, H. hispanica & H. x massartiana". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland: BSBI Species Accounts Archive. 30 August 2010.
4. Hyslop, Sally (21 May 2015). "Citizen Science Blog: Native and non-native | Bluebell survey". Natural History Museum.
5. D. Geerinck (1997) . "Une épithète pour l'hybride Hyacinthoides hispanica (Mill.) Rothm. × H. non-scripta (L.) Chouard ex Rothm.: H. × massartiana Geerinck (Liliaceae)". Belgian Journal of Botany. 129 (1): 83–85. JSTOR 20794380.
6. ^ Eric J. Clement (2000). "The hybrid bluebell, H. × massartiana" (PDF). BSBI News. 84. Botanical Society of the British Isles: 24.
7. Michael Grundmann; Fred J. Rumsey; Stephen W. Ansell; Stephen J. Russell; Sarah C. Darwin; Johannes C. Vogel; Mark Spencer; Jane Squirrell; Peter M. Hollingsworth; Santiago Ortiz; Harald Schneider (2010). "Phylogeny and taxonomy of the bluebell genus Hyacinthoides, Asparagaceae [Hyacinthaceae]". Taxon. 59 (1): 68–82. doi:10.1002/tax.591008.
8. P. D. Sell; G. Murrell (1996). "Liliaceae". Butomaceae–Orchidaceae. Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 251–294. ISBN 978-0-521-55339-1.

External links

• Media related to Hyacinthoides × massartiana at Wikimedia Commons
• Hannah Briggs (April 11, 2012). "Bluebells: the survival battle of Britain's native bluebells". BBC News. Archived from the original on April 12, 2012.

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