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J2345-0449

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Galaxy in the constellation of Aquarius
J2345-0449
SDSS image of J2345-0449
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationAquarius
Right ascension23 45 32.70
Declination−04° 49′ 25.4″
Redshift0.075566
Heliocentric radial velocity22,654 km/s
Distance947 Mly (290.3 Mpc)
Apparent magnitude (V)0.086
Apparent magnitude (B)0.113
Surface brightness16.19
Characteristics
Apparent size (V)0.62' x 0.31'
Notable featuresOne of the most massive spiral galaxies containing a radio jet
Other designations
PGC 1052974, GRS J2345-0449, 2MASX J23453268-0449256, 6dF J2345327-044925

J2345-0449 or 2MASX J23453268-0449256, is a spiral galaxy located 947 million light-years in the constellation of Aquarius. It contains an active galactic nucleus and is classified as a radio galaxy, containing relativistic jets that are projected out from its spiral host by ~1.6 Mpc, making these jets the largest and rarest known. It was discovered in 2014 by amateur astronomers, making it the third spiral DRAGN after ESO 0313-192 and Speca.

Physical Properties

Mentioned as a megaparsec-scale object at redshift 0.0757, J2345-0449 is one of the massive spiral galaxies found in the universe. It is also one of the largest radio sources discovered since the galaxy exhibits two sets of radio lobes found in near alignment and spanning a width of ∼387.2 kpc (∼452) and ∼1.63 Mpc (∼191). According to Very Large Array 6 cm imaging, the inner radio lobes are categorized either Fanaroff-Riley Class I or FR II morphology.

J2345-0449 contains a fast rotation speed of Vrot = 371/sin (i) = 429 ± 30 km s that is r ≥ 10 kpc away from its galactic center. It has a mass of Mstellar = 4 × 10 M⊙ and a surrounding ring of molecular gas measured 24 kpc wide in diameter. The galaxy has a star formation rate with a surface density measured to be ΣSFR = 1.8 × 10 M⊙ yr kpc. However it has a low factor between 30 and 70 as expected according to the Kennicutt-Schmidt law.

Black hole mass of J2345-0449

The black hole mass estimation is challenging since J2345-0449 has no classic bulge structure. According to Bagchi, the black hole has a mass of 2.5 ± 0.5 × 10 M⊙. Further observations shows it has a mass of 1.4× 10 M⊙ when calculating the MBH–σ relation proposed by Gültekin. However, according to researchers obtaining the M–σ relation from McConnell & Ma, the actual mass of J2345-0449 is 5 × 10 M⊙.

References

  1. "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  2. ^ Bagchi, Joydeep; Vivek, M.; Vikram, Vinu; Hota, Ananda; Biju, K. G.; Sirothia, S. K.; Srianand, Raghunathan; Gopal-Krishna; Jacob, Joe (2014-06-05). "Megaparsec Relativistic Jets Launched from an Accreting Supermassive Black Hole in an Extreme Spiral Galaxy". The Astrophysical Journal. 788 (2): 174. arXiv:1404.6889. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/788/2/174. ISSN 0004-637X.
  3. Walker, Stephen (2013-09-01). "Detecting the hot gaseous halo around an extremely massive and relativistic jet launching spiral galaxy". Chandra Proposal: 3824. Bibcode:2013cxo..prop.3824W.
  4. Machalski, J.; Koziel-Wierzbowska, D.; Jamrozy, M. (2007-10-24), Giant Radio Galaxies as a probe of the cosmological evolution of the IGM, I. Preliminary deep detections and low-resolution spectroscopy with the SALT, arXiv:0710.4512
  5. Posti, Lorenzo; Fraternali, Filippo; Marasco, Antonino (2019-06-01). "Peak star formation efficiency and no missing baryons in massive spirals". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 626: A56. arXiv:1812.05099. Bibcode:2019A&A...626A..56P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935553. ISSN 0004-6361.
  6. Bagchi, Joydeep; Ray, Shankar; Dhiwar, Suraj; Dabhade, Pratik; Barth, Aaron; Ho, Luis C.; Mirakhor, Mohammad S.; Walker, Stephen A.; Nesvadba, Nicole (2024-05-03), Unveiling the Bulge-Disc Structure, AGN Feedback, and Baryon Landscape in a Massive Spiral Galaxy with Mpc-Scale Radio Jets, arXiv:2405.01910
  7. Parma, P. (1982), "Westerbork Observations of Low Luminosity Radio Sources", Extragalactic Radio Sources, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 193–194, doi:10.1007/978-94-009-7781-5_55, ISBN 978-94-009-7783-9, retrieved 2024-07-16
  8. ^ Walker, S. A.; Bagchi, J.; Fabian, A. C. (2015-04-09). "A deep Chandra observation of the hot gaseous halo around a rare, extremely massive and relativistic jet launching spiral galaxy". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 449 (4): 3527–3534. arXiv:1411.1930. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv616. ISSN 0035-8711.
  9. Nesvadba, N. P. H.; Wagner, A. Y.; Mukherjee, D.; Mandal, A.; Janssen, R. M. J.; Zovaro, H.; Neumayer, N.; Bagchi, J.; Bicknell, G. (2021-10-01). "Jet-driven AGN feedback on molecular gas and low star-formation efficiency in a massive local spiral galaxy with a bright X-ray halo". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 654: A8. arXiv:2103.12816. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140544. ISSN 0004-6361.
  10. Drevet Mulard, M.; Nesvadba, N. P. H.; Meenakshi, M.; Mukherjee, D.; Wagner, A.; Bicknell, G.; Neumayer, N.; Combes, F.; Zovaro, H.; Janssen, R. M. J.; Bagchi, J.; Dabhade, P.; Prunet, S. (2023-08-01). "Star formation in a massive spiral galaxy with a radio-AGN". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 676: A35. Bibcode:2023A&A...676A..35D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245173. ISSN 0004-6361.
  11. Gültekin, Kayhan; Cackett, Edward M.; Miller, Jon M.; Di Matteo, Tiziana; Markoff, Sera; Richstone, Douglas O. (2009-11-01). "The Fundamental Plane of Accretion onto Black Holes with Dynamical Masses". The Astrophysical Journal. 706 (1): 404–416. arXiv:0906.3285. Bibcode:2009ApJ...706..404G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/404. ISSN 0004-637X.
  12. McConnell, Nicholas J.; Ma, Chung-Pei (2013-02-01). "Revisiting the Scaling Relations of Black Hole Masses and Host Galaxy Properties". The Astrophysical Journal. 764 (2): 184. arXiv:1211.2816. Bibcode:2013ApJ...764..184M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/764/2/184. ISSN 0004-637X.
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