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Jeongjong, 3rd monarch of Goryeo

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3rd King of Goryeo (r. 945–949) For the 10th Korean monarch during the Goryeo Dynasty, see Jeongjong, 10th monarch of Goryeo.
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Jeongjong
정종
定宗
King of Goryeo
Reign23 October 945 – 13 April 949
Coronation945
Gaegyeong, Goryeo
PredecessorHyejong of Goryeo
SuccessorGwangjong of Goryeo
BornWang Yo
923
Gaegyeong, State of Goryeo, Three Kingdoms of Korea
Died13 April 949(949-04-13) (aged 25–26)
Jeseok-won, Gaegyeong, Goryeo
BurialAlleung (안릉; 安陵)
Queen ConsortQueen Mungong
Queen Munseong
ConsortLady Cheongjunamwon
IssuePrince Gyeongchunwon
Princess Wang
Posthumous name
  • Great King Jideok Janggyeong Jeongsuk Munmyeong
    (지덕장경정숙문명대왕, 至德章敬正肅文明大王; original)
  • Great King Jangwon Gangyeong Yeongin Jeongsuk Janggyeong Munmyeong
    (장원간경영인정숙장경문명대왕, 莊元簡敬令仁正肅章敬文明大王; final)
Temple name
Jeongjong (정종; 定宗)
HouseWang
DynastyGoryeo
FatherTaejo of Goryeo
MotherQueen Sinmyeong
ReligionBuddhism
Korean name
Hangul정종
Hanja定宗
Revised RomanizationJeongjong
McCune–ReischauerChŏngjong
Birth name
Hangul왕요
Hanja王堯
Revised RomanizationWang Yo
McCune–ReischauerWang Yo
Courtesy name
Hangul천의
Hanja天義
Revised RomanizationCheonui
McCune–ReischauerCh'ŏnŭi
Posthumous name
Hangul문명대왕
Hanja文明大王
Revised RomanizationMunmyeong Daewang
McCune–ReischauerMunmyŏng Taewang

Jeongjong (Korean: 정종; Hanja: 定宗; 923 – 13 April 949), personal name Wang Yo, was the third king of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. He was the third son of King Taejo, the dynastic founder.

Reign

Jeongjong rose to the throne after his half-brother King Hyejong died, and set to reducing the power of various royal in-laws, including Wang Gyu and Pak Sul-hui. However, lacking the support of the Gaegyeong elites, he was unable to substantially strengthen the throne.

In 946, he spent 70,000 sacks of grain from the royal storehouses to support Buddhism in the country. In 947, he had the fortress of Pyongyang constructed as the country's Western Capital. He sought to move the capital from Gaegyeong to Pyongyang like his father had desired, as Jeongjong believed that in order to restore Goguryeo's old territories, the capital should be moved further north. However, Jeongjong was not successful in his attempts due to opposition from the nobility based in Gaegyeong.

Jeongjong became paranoid however that people inside the palace were conspiring to kill him and he then started to go insane. After four years of his reign, he died just after he signed a royal decree to make his brother, the fourth prince Wang So (known as Gwangjong), king instead of his son.

Monarchs of Korea
Goryeo
  1. Taejo 918–943
  2. Hyejong 943–945
  3. Jeongjong (定宗) 945–949
  4. Gwangjong 949–975
  5. Gyeongjong 975–981
  6. Seongjong 981–997
  7. Mokjong 997–1009
  8. Hyeonjong 1009–1031
  9. Deokjong 1031–1034
  10. Jeongjong (靖宗) 1034–1046
  11. Munjong 1046–1083
  12. Sunjong 1083
  13. Seonjong 1083–1094
  14. Heonjong 1094–1095
  15. Sukjong 1095–1105
  16. Yejong 1105–1122
  17. Injong 1122–1146
  18. Uijong 1146–1170
  19. Myeongjong 1170–1197
  20. Sinjong 1197–1204
  21. Huijong 1204–1211
  22. Gangjong 1211–1213
  23. Gojong 1213–1259
  24. Wonjong 1259–1274
  25. Chungnyeol 1274–1308
  26. Chungseon 1308–1313
  27. Chungsuk 1313–1330; 1332–1339
  28. Chunghye 1330–1332; 1339–1344
  29. Chungmok 1344–1348
  30. Chungjeong 1348–1351
  31. Gongmin 1351–1374
  32. U 1374–1388
  33. Chang 1388–1389
  34. Gongyang 1389–1392

Family

  1. Queen Mungong of the Suncheon Pak clan – No issue.
  2. Queen Munseong of the Suncheon Pak clan
    1. Prince Gyeongchunwon, 1st son
    2. Princess Wang (공주 왕씨), 2nd daughter
  3. Lady Cheongjunamwon of the Cheongju Kim clan – No issue.

In popular culture

See also

References

  1. 고려 정종과 서경 천도. KBS World. November 15, 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
  2. 고려 정종과 서경 천도. KBS World. November 15, 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
Jeongjong, 3rd monarch of Goryeo House of WangBorn: 923 Died: 13 April 949
Regnal titles
Preceded byHyejong King of Goryeo
945–949 		Succeeded byGwangjong
Kings of Goryeo
() - Not Traditionally recognized as King
Posthumous
Categories: