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Jules Grand (1846–1933) was a French physician, writer, Theosophist, and vegetarianism activist. He served as president of the French Vegetarian Society.

Career

Grand completed his doctoral thesis in medicine on cataract removal in 1873. Grand was a physician at the École de Médecine de Paris (Paris School of Medicine). He was an associate editor of the 1893 and 1894 Annual of the Universal Medical Sciences and Analytical Index.

Grand was the president of the French Vegetarian Society from its formation in 1899. He was elected to the management committee in 1905 with biologist Jules Lefèvre and other physicians. By 1906 there were 800 members of the Society. In 1901, the Society published his book La Philosophie de I' alimentation ("The Philosophy of Food"). Grand also authored the introduction to Louise Smeeckaert's La table du végétarien, published by the Society.

Grand made anatomical, physiological and ethical arguments for vegetarianism. In June 1900, he was chairman and a speaker at the International Vegetarian Congress organized in Paris. In his speech he commented "that vegetarianism contributes powerfully to making the better man; that it ensures his intellectual capacity; softens his relations with his fellow men and makes them more fraternal". He argued in his essays that meat is responsible for the degeneration of the French nation. He stated that a vegetarian diet could prevent the misuse of alcohol. A paper he wrote on vegetarianism was read at the International Vegetarian Union's 1926 congress. He was an opponent of vivisection.

Theosophy

Grand combined Theosophy and vegetarianism in his book Hygiene rationnelle vegetarisme ("Rational Hygiene, Vegetarianism"), published in 1912, stating that humans have a responsibility to protect animals. His vegetarianism incorporated theosophical ideas of an astral body and reincarnation. Grand also lectured on Theosophy in Amsterdam.

Selected publications

• Du régime végétarien comme moyen préventif et curatif de l'alcoolisme ("Vegetarian Diet as a Preventative and Curative Means of Alcoholism"; 1899)
• La Philosophie de I' alimentation ("The Philosophy of Food"; 1901)
• Hygiène rationnelle, végétarisme: causeries du médecin ("Rational Hygiene, Vegetarianism: Doctor's Lectures"; 1912)
• The Philosophy of Diet (translated by F. Rothwell; 1905)
• Le vin ("Wine"; 1919)

References

1. ^ Bernard, Léo (2021). "Le végétarisme théosophique en France : de l'adeptat au militantisme (1880-1940)". Politica Hermetica (in French). 35: 71–98 – via HAL.
2. "Notice bibliographique". BnF Catalogue général (in French). Retrieved 2024-11-30.
3. Oliveira, Castro (1888). Elements of Therapeutics and Practice According to the Dosimetric System. New York: D. Appleton and Company. p. xii – via HathiTrust.
4. Annual of the Universal Medical Sciences and Analytical Index. Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, and London: F. A. Davis Company. 1893. pp. ix.
5. Annual of the Universal Medical Sciences and Analytical Index. Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, and London: F. A. Davis Company. 1894. pp. vii.
6. ^ Crossley, Ceri (2005). Consumable Metaphors: Attitudes Towards Animals and Vegetarianism in Nineteenth-Century France. Oxford: Peter Lang. pp. 242–257. ISBN 0-8204-7175-5.
7. International Commission for Research into European Food History (2000). Fenton, Alexander (ed.). Order and Disorder: The Health Implications of Eating and Drinking in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium of the International Commission for Research Into European Food History, Aberdeen 1997. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. p. 221. ISBN 978-1-86232-117-5 – via Internet Archive.
8. La table du végétarien [The Vegetarian's Table] (in French). Introduction by Jules Grand; preface by Hélène Sosnowska. Paris: French Vegetarian Society. 1930. OCLC 717061043.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
9. "World's Vegetarian Congress at the Paris Exhibition". Supplement to the Carmarthen Weekly Reporter. 1900-07-13. p. 5. (subscription required)
10. Shaw, Albert, ed. (January–June 1901). "A Plea for Vegetarianism". The Review of Reviews. 23: 78 – via Internet Archive.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
11. Edman, Johan (2015). "Temperance and Modernity: Alcohol Consumption as a Collective Problem, 1885–1913". Journal of Social History. 49 (1): 20–52. doi:10.1093/jsh/shv029.
12. "History of the French Vegetarian Societies". International Vegetarian Union. Archived from the original on 2024-05-20.
13. Goodridge, A. R. (1907). What is Vivisection?. New York: J. J. Little & Co. p. 149 – via HathiTrust.
14. "Deborah Coltham Rare Books: Spring Miscellany II: Firsts London Issue" (PDF). Deborah Coltham Rare Books. 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 4, 2024.
15. "What Shall We Eat? Vegetarians v. Cannibals". The Clarion. July 21, 1905. p. 7 – via Findmypast. (subscription required)
16. Le vin. Paris: French Vegetarian Society. 1919. OCLC 493620805.

• 1846 births
• 1933 deaths
• 19th-century French male writers
• 19th-century French physicians
• 20th-century French non-fiction writers
• 20th-century French male writers
• 20th-century French physicians
• French anti-vivisectionists
• French book editors
• French medical writers
• French Theosophists
• French vegetarianism activists
• Vegetarianism writers
• Physicians from Paris
• Writers from Paris