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Kappa Geminorum (κ Geminorum, κ Gem) is a binary star system in the northern zodiac constellation of Gemini. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.568. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 23.07 mas, the system is located about 141 light years distant from the Sun.

In Chinese astronomy, Kappa Geminorum is called 積薪, Pinyin: Jīxīn, meaning Pile of Firewood, because this star is marking itself and stand alone in Pile of Firewood asterism, Well mansion (see : Chinese constellation). 積薪 (Jīxīn) westernized into Tseih Tsing, but the name Tseih Tsing was designated for χ Gem and μ Cnc by R.H. Allen, with the meaning is "piled-up fuel" In Japanese, 隆博星 (Takahiro-boshi), meaning "Esteemed Nobility Star," refers to the Japanese description of κ Geminorum.

This is a probable astrometric binary system with the components having an angular separation of 7.2 arcseconds along a position angle of 241°, as of 2014. The primary is an evolved G-type giant star with a stellar classification of G9 III. Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified. It has double the mass of the Sun, but has expanded to 11 times the solar radius. The star radiates around 69 times the Sun's luminosity from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 5,020 K. It shows a leisurely spin with a projected rotational velocity of 3.3 km/s, and is around two billion years old. The secondary component is a magnitude 8.2 star.

References

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2. ^ Jennens, P. A.; Helfer, H. L. (September 1975), "A new photometric metal abundance and luminosity calibration for field G and K giants", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 172 (3): 667–679, Bibcode:1975MNRAS.172..667J, doi:10.1093/mnras/172.3.667.
3. ^ Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869–879, arXiv:0806.2878, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, S2CID 14878976.
4. ^ Abt, Helmut A. (2008). "Visual Multiples. IX. MK Spectral Types". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 176 (1): 216–217. Bibcode:2008ApJS..176..216A. doi:10.1086/525529.
5. Wilson, R. E. (1953), "General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities", Carnegie Institute Washington D.C. Publication, Carnegie Institute of Washington, D.C., Bibcode:1953GCRV..C......0W.
6. Cardini, D. (January 2005), "Mg II chromospheric radiative loss rates in cool active and quiet stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 430: 303–311, arXiv:astro-ph/0409683, Bibcode:2005A&A...430..303C, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041440, S2CID 12136256.
7. ^ Luck, R. Earle (2015), "Abundances in the Local Region. I. G and K Giants", The Astronomical Journal, 150 (3): 88, arXiv:1507.01466, Bibcode:2015AJ....150...88L, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/88, S2CID 118505114.
8. ^ Baines, Ellyn K.; Armstrong, J. Thomas; Schmitt, Henrique R.; Zavala, R. T.; Benson, James A.; Hutter, Donald J.; Tycner, Christopher; Van Belle, Gerard T. (2018), "Fundamental Parameters of 87 Stars from the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer", The Astronomical Journal, 155 (1): 30, arXiv:1712.08109, Bibcode:2018AJ....155...30B, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9d8b, S2CID 119427037.
9. ^ Massarotti, Alessandro; et al. (January 2008), "Rotational and radial velocities for a sample of 761 HIPPARCOS giants and the role of binarity", The Astronomical Journal, 135 (1): 209–231, Bibcode:2008AJ....135..209M, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/135/1/209.
10. "kap Gem -- Double or multiple star", SIMBAD Astronomical Database, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, retrieved 2016-12-05.
11. (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 16 日 Archived 2011-08-22 at the Wayback Machine
12. Allen, Richard Hinckley, Star Names — Their Lore and Meaning: Gemini.
13. Mason, B. D.; et al. (2014), "The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog", The Astronomical Journal, 122 (6): 3466, Bibcode:2001AJ....122.3466M, doi:10.1086/323920.
14. Garrison, R. F. (December 1993), "Anchor Points for the MK System of Spectral Classification", Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 25: 1319, Bibcode:1993AAS...183.1710G, archived from the original on 2019-06-25, retrieved 2012-02-04.

External links

• Kaler, James B. (November 2, 2011), "Kappa Geminorum", Stars, University of Illinois, retrieved 2016-12-06.

v t e Constellation of Gemini
List of stars in Gemini Gemini in Chinese astronomy
Stars	Bayer α (Castor) β (Pollux) γ (Alhena) δ (Wasat) ε (Mebsuta) ζ (Mekbuda) η (Propus) θ ι κ λ μ (Tejat) ν ξ (Alzirr) ο (Jishui) π ρ σ τ υ φ χ ω Flamsteed 1 3 6 25 30 37 38 (e) 57 (A) 64 (b) 65 (b) 74 (f) 81 (g) Variable R U TV BG DM DN OU WY V429 HR 2877 HD 44780 50554 63433 260655 Other 2MASS 0727+1710 CXOU J061705.3+222127 Geminga Gliese 251 HAT-P-20 HAT-P-24 HAT-P-33 LB-1 PSR J0659+1414 WD J0651+2844 WISEP J060738.65+242953.4
Exoplanets HAT-P-24b HAT-P-50b HD 50554 b HD 59686 Ab Pollux b τ Geminorum b
Star clusters	NGC 2129 2158 2266 2277 2355 2420 Other Koposov 2 Messier 35
Nebulae IC 443 IC 444 Medusa Nebula NGC 2371-2 NGC 2392
Galaxies	NGC 2291 2294 2357 Other 2MASX J07322028+3138009 IC 485 PKS 0735+178
Astronomical events GRB 070125
Category

• G-type giants
• Gemini (constellation)
• Stars with proper names
• Bayer objects
• Durchmusterung objects
• Flamsteed objects
• Henry Draper Catalogue objects
• Hipparcos objects
• Bright Star Catalogue objects
• Astrometric binaries