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kōchō jūnisen (皇朝十二銭) (aka jūnizeni) is a general term for 12 types of copper coins minted in Japan under the Ritsuryo system from 708 (Wadō 1st year) to 963 (Ōwa 3rd year). All of the included coins are circular in shape, have a square hole in the center, and were worth 1 mon.

Coins

Image	Inscription	Kyūjitai	Shinjitai	Year of introduction (Julian calendar)
	Wadōkaichin	和同開珎	和同開珎	708
	Mannen Tsūhō [ja]	萬年通寳	万年通宝	760
	Jingū Kaihō [ja]	神功開寳	神功開宝	765
	Ryūhei Eihō [ja]	隆平永寳	隆平永宝	796
	Fuju Shinpō [ja]	富壽神寳	富寿神宝	818
	Jōwa Shōhō [ja]	承和昌寳	承和昌宝	835
	Chōnen Taihō [ja]	長年大寳	長年大宝	848
	Jōeki Shinpō [ja]	饒益神寳	饒益神宝	859
	Jōgan Eihō [ja]	貞觀永寳	貞観永宝	870
	Kanpyō Taihō [ja]	寛平大寳	寛平大宝	890
	Engi Tsūhō [ja]	延喜通寳	延喜通宝	907
	Kengen Taihō [ja]	乹元大寳	乾元大宝	958

See also

• List of Japanese cash coins by inscription

Notes

1. "Mon" was a unit of currency (ex: Dollar) before the Muromachi period when they took a physical form.

References

1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2005). "Wadō-kaihō". Japan Encyclopedia. p. 539. ISBN 978-0674017535.

v t e Japanese currency (pre-yen)
	Topics	Currency Museum (Japan) Kocho Junisen List of Japanese cash coins by inscription List of Japanese coinage patterns Mother coin Nagasaki trade coins Numismatic charm Momme (unit) Yen currency
	Coinage	Pre-Edo Mumonginsen 667–672 Fuhonsen 683 Wadōkaichin 708–958 Kaiki Shoho 760 Taihei Genpō 760 Edo Koban 1601–1868 Kan'ei Tsūhō 1626–1868 Ichibuban 1714–1854 Shu (silver) 1772–1869 Shu (gold) 1824–1869 Tenpō Tsūhō 1835-1870 Ichibugin 1837–1869 Multi Chinese coinage c. 1101–1700 Mon 1336–1870 Bitasen 1404–1670 Ryukyuan mon 1454–1879 Ryō 1500s–1871 Koshu Gold 1506–1871 Ōban 1573–1862
	Paper currency	Edo period scrip Hatamoto Negotiable instrument Rice stamps

• Currencies of Japan