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LCP family

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Protein domain
Cell envelope-related transcriptional attenuator domain (TagU catalytic domain)
Identifiers
SymbolLytR_cpsA_psr
PfamPF03816
InterProIPR004474
CATH3tflA02
Available protein structures:
Pfam  structures / ECOD  
PDBRCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsumstructure summary
UniProt family
Protein family
Polyisoprenyl-teichoic acid--peptidoglycan teichoic acid transferase TagU
Identifiers
SymbolTagU
InterProIPR023734
describes same family; this is the full-length protein
Protein domain
LytR/CpsA/Psr, C-terminal domain
Identifiers
SymbolLytR_C
PfamPF13399
InterProIPR027381
Available protein structures:
Pfam  structures / ECOD  
PDBRCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsumstructure summary

The LCP family or TagU family of proteins is a conserved family of phosphotransferases that are involved in the attachment of teichoic acid (TA) molecules to gram-positive cell wall or cell membrane. It was initially thought as the LytR (lytic repressor) component of a LytABC operon encoding autolysins, but the mechanism of regulation was later realized to be the production of TA molecules. It was accordingly renamed TagU.

The "LCP" acronym derives from three proteins initially identified to contain this domain, LytR (now TagU, Q02115), cpsA ("Capsular polysaccharide expression regulator"), and psr ("PBP 5 synthesis repressor"). These proteins were mistaken as transcriptional regulators via different reasons, but all three of them are now known to be TagU-like enzymes. While TagU itself only attaches TA molecules to the peptidoglycan cell wall (forming WTA), other LCP proteins may glycosylate cell wall proteins (A. oris LcpA, PDB: 5V8C​) or attach TA molecules to a cell membrane anchor (forming LTA). Most, if not all, LCP proteins also have a secondary pyrophosphatase activity.

Typical TagU proteins are made up of an N-terminal transmembrane domain (for anchoring), an optional, non-conserved accessory domain (CATH 3tflA01), a core catalytic domain, and sometimes a C-terminal domain for which the structure is unknown. The core LCP domain is a magnesium-dependent enzyme.

References

  1. Lazarevic V, Margot P, Soldo B, Karamata D (September 1992). "Sequencing and analysis of the Bacillus subtilis lytRABC divergon: a regulatory unit encompassing the structural genes of the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and its modifier". Journal of General Microbiology. 138 (9): 1949–61. doi:10.1099/00221287-138-9-1949. PMID 1357079.
  2. ^ Kawai Y, Marles-Wright J, Cleverley RM, Emmins R, Ishikawa S, Kuwano M, et al. (September 2011). "A widespread family of bacterial cell wall assembly proteins". The EMBO Journal. 30 (24): 4931–41. doi:10.1038/emboj.2011.358. PMC 3243631. PMID 21964069.
  3. Wang Q, Zhu L, Jones V, Wang C, Hua Y, Shi X, et al. (July 2015). "CpsA, a LytR-CpsA-Psr Family Protein in Mycobacterium marinum, Is Required for Cell Wall Integrity and Virulence". Infection and Immunity. 83 (7): 2844–54. doi:10.1128/IAI.03081-14. PMC 4468561. PMID 25939506.
  4. Maréchal M, Amoroso A, Morlot C, Vernet T, Coyette J, Joris B (October 2016). "Enterococcus hirae LcpA (Psr), a new peptidoglycan-binding protein localized at the division site". BMC Microbiology. 16 (1): 239. doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0844-y. PMC 5059904. PMID 27729019.
  5. Amer BR, Clubb RT (December 2014). "A sweet new role for LCP enzymes in protein glycosylation". Molecular Microbiology. 94 (6): 1197–200. doi:10.1111/mmi.12825. PMC 4262582. PMID 25302626.
  6. Percy MG, Gründling A (8 September 2014). "Lipoteichoic acid synthesis and function in gram-positive bacteria". Annual Review of Microbiology. 68 (1): 81–100. doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-091213-112949. PMID 24819367.
  7. Siegel SD, Amer BR, Wu C, Sawaya MR, Gosschalk JE, Clubb RT, Ton-That H (February 2019). "Structure and Mechanism of LcpA, a Phosphotransferase That Mediates Glycosylation of a Gram-Positive Bacterial Cell Wall-Anchored Protein". mBio. 10 (1). doi:10.1128/mBio.01580-18. PMC 6381275. PMID 30782654.

External links

  • MetaCyc RXN-18030: Polyisoprenyl-teichoic acid—peptidoglycan teichoic acid transferase
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