Misplaced Pages

Larisa Zhadova

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Soviet art critic and historian (1927-1981) In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Alekseevna and the family name is Zhadova.

Larisa Alekseevna Zhadova (born Zhidova; August 13, 1927 – December 9, 1981) was a Soviet art critic, art and design historian, specialized on Russian avant-garde. She is the author of the first monograph about Vladimir Tatlin. Daughter of the Soviet military leader Alexei Zhadov, she was the wife and widow of the poet Semyon Gudzenko as well as the fourth and last wife of the poet and writer Konstantin Simonov. Thanks in large part to Zhadova, who acted through her husband, the influential literary functionary Konstantin Simonov, the Russian avant-garde, while being subject of a general ban, in the 1970s was partially recovered for Soviet culture and scientific research.

Biography

Larisa Zhidova was born on August 13, 1927, in Tver into the family of the later Soviet Red Army general Alexei Zhidov. In 1942, her father changed his family name from Zhidov, which indicated Jewish origin, to Zhadov.

From 1945 to 1950, Zhadova studied at the department of art history of the philological faculty of the Lomonosov State University of Moscow. In 1950, she started the postgraduate course of the department of the history of foreign art at the same institution. In 1954, she defended her PhD-thesis on the topic "Development of realism in Czech painting of the XIX century". While studying at Moscow State University, Zhadova met the poet Semyon Gudzenko, who studied there, and they soon married. Due to the Jewish origin of his son-in-law, Aleksey Zhadov completely refused his daughter financial support. After the birth of their daughter Katya in 1951, the family's situation became completely disastrous. Suffering from war wounds and barely earning money as journalist, Gudzenko died in 1953, of a brain tumor. After two brain surgeries, anticipating his imminent death, Gudzenko instructed his closest friend, journalist Arkady Galinsky, to take care of his widow after his death. Galinsky subsequently arranged the liaison of Zhadova with the editor-in-chief of Literaturnaya Gazeta, Konstantin Simonov, whom she married in 1955. Simonov adopted Zhadova's daughter Katya, giving her his patronymic and surname, and in 1957 a second daughter, Sasha, was born. Simonov, who had separated from Valentina Serova due to his liaison with Zhadova, brought their daughter Masha into his family.

Since 1954, Zhadova worked at Moscow State University, since 1958 at the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. From 1960 she had a position at the Institute of Theory and History of Fine Arts (ITII) of the Academy of Arts of the USSR, from 1966 until the end of her life at the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics (VNIITE), in the Central Educational and Experimental Studio of the Union of Artists of the USSR.

Zhadova died on December 9, 1981, in Moscow, at the age of fifty-four. Her ashes were scattered by her daughters in Buinichskoe Pole near Mogilev in Belarus.

Research and publications

Zhadova's articles on Western designers like Mario Bellini, Ettore Sottsass and Tomás Maldonado greatly influenced the formation of a new generation of Soviet designers in the 1960s. Her book "Monumental Painting in Mexico" (Russian: "Монументальная живопись Мексики"), published in 1965, played a key role in mediating the expression means of Mexican Muralists to Sovjet decorative artists like Zurab Tsereteli. Since the late 1960s, Zhadova focused on the study of the Russian avant-garde. A breakthrough was her monograph "Search and Experiment. Russian and Soviet Art in the between 1910 and 1930" (German: "Suche und Experiment. Aus der Geschichte der russischen und sowjetischen Kunst zwischen 1910 und 1930"), published in 1978, in Dresden. In this book, Zhadova explored aspects of the work of Kasimir Malevitch, Boris Ender, Nikolai Suetin, Anna Leporskaya, Lyubov Popova, Mikhail Matyushin and other artists. Zhadova played a key role in the rediscovery of the work of Vladimir Tatlin, formerly banned, in the late 1970s, taking advantage of the influence of her husband who was chairman of the board of the USSR Writers' Union. In 1977, an exhibition of Tatlin's work, initiated by her and organized by the USSR Writers' Union, the USSR Artists Union and the Central State Archives of Literature and Art, was held in the A.A. Fadeev Central House of Writers. However, the monograph "Tatlin" prepared by Zhadova did not receive permission for publication in the USSR and was published after the author's death in 1983 in Hungarian by the Corvina publishing house in Budapest. In 1984, Zhadova's book about Tatlin was also published in German and English and finally, in 1990, in French.

Bibliography

  • Sovremennaya zhivopis' Uzbekistana , Tashkent : Gosudarstvennoye izdatel'stvo khudozhestvennoy literatury, 1962.
  • Sovremennai︠a︡ keramika Uzbekistana , Moskva : Iskusstvo, 1963, OCLC 25420832.
  • Monumental'naya zhivopis' Meksiki , Moskva : Iskusstvo, 1965.
  • Fernand Léger, Moskva : Iskusstvo, 1970.
  • with: I. Alpatova, N. Voronov, Iskusstvo keramiki , Moskva : Sovetskiy khudozhnik, 1970.
  • with: G. Derviz, I. Zhdanko, D. Mitlyanskiy, Sovremennaya keramika narodnykh masterov Sredney Azii , Moskva : Sovetskiy khudozhnik, 1974.
  • Opyt raboty Tsentral'noy uchebno-eksperimental'noy studii khudozhestvennogo proyektirovaniya na Senezhe (with a preface by Larisa Zhadova), Moskva : Iskusstvo (Искусство), 1974.
  • V.E. Tatlin. Zasluzhennyĭ dei︠a︡telʹ iskusstv RSFSR 1885-1953 : katalog vystavki proizvedeniĭ, Moskva : Izd-vo Sovetskiĭ khudozhnik, 1977.
  • Suche und Experiment. Aus der Geschichte der russischen und sowjetischen Kunst zwischen 1910 und 1930, Dresden : VEB Verlag der Kunst, 1978.
  • with: Krystyna Gmurzynska, Szymon Bojko, John E. Bowlt, Ludmila Vachtova, Erika Hoffmann-Koenige, Larissa Zhadova, Jacques Lassaigne, Alla Povelikhina, Evgeni Kovtun, Jean-Claude Marcadé, Dmitry Sarabyanov, Mary Chamot, Vasily Rakitin, and Hubertus Gaßner, Künstlerinnen der russischen Avantgarde / Women-Artists of the Russian Avantgarde 1910 – 1930, Cologne 1979.
  • Poszukiwania i eksperymenty. Z dziejów sztuki rosyjskiej i radzieckiej lat 1910-1930 , Warszawa : Wydawnictwa Artystyczne i Filmowe, 1982.
  • Malevich : suprematism and revolution in Russian art 1910-1930, New York : Thames and Hudson, 1982.
  • Malewitsch Kasimir Malewitsch und sein Kreis. Suche und Experiment. Aus der Geschichte der russischen und sowjetischen Kunst zwischen 1910 und 1930, München : Schirmer Mosel, 1982.
  • Tatlin, Budapest : Corvina Kiadó, 1984.
  • with: S.G. Karaganova, E.A. Katseva, Konstantin Simonov v vospominanii︠a︡kh sovremennikov , Moskva : Sovetskiy pisatel', 1984, OCLC 12216235.
  • Tatlin, New York : Rizzoli, 1988, ISBN 9780500234785.
  • Tatline. Masterskaia Tatlina. Paris : P. Sers, 1990.

Articles by Zhadova

  • "Khudozhestvenno-konstruktorskaya firma R. Loewy v Parizhe ", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1965, vol. 9.
  • "Zametki ob ital'yanskom dizayne ", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1966, vol. 2, 4.
  • "Sovetskiy otdel na Mezhdunarodnoy vystavke dekorativnogo iskusstva i promyshlennosti v Parizhe v 1925 godu ", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1966, vol. 10.
  • "Zhizn' Mayakovskogo v illyustratsiyakh ", in: Dekorativnoye iskusstvo SSSR, 1967, vol. 11.
  • "Lyubov' Popova", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1967, vol. 11.
  • "O teorii sovetskogo dizayna 20-kh gg. ", in: Voprosy tekhnicheskoy estetiki, 1968, vol. 1.
  • "O yaponskom dizayne i yego sozdatelyakh ", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1968, vol. 4, 6.
  • "Skul'pturnyy dizayn Italii , in: Dekorativnoye iskusstvo SSSR, 1969, vol. 12.
  • "Ettore Sottsass", in: Dekorativnoye iskusstvo SSSR, 1969, vol. 12.
  • "VKHUTEMAS — VKHUTEIN. Stranitsy istorii ", in: Dekorativnoye iskusstvo SSSR, 1970, vol. 11.
  • "Krasnoderevshchiki ne slali mebel' na dom ", in: Dekorativnoye iskusstvo SSSR, 1971, vol. 12.
  • "Teatr Mayakovskogo. Stranitsy istorii ", in: Dekorativnoye iskusstvo SSSR, 1973, vol. 6.
  • "Tsvetovaya sistema Matyushina ", in: Iskusstvo, 1974, vol. 8, p. 38–42.
  • "B.V. Ender o tsvete i tsvetovoy srede ", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1974, vol. 11.
  • "Iz istorii sovetskoy polikhromii ", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1975, vol. 7.
  • "O farfore N. M. Suyetina ", in: Sovetskoye dekorativnoye iskusstvo, 1975, vol. 73/74.
  • "B. Ender", in: Iskusstvo, 1978, vol. 6.
  • "Poiski khudozhestvennogo sinteza na rubezhe stoletiy ", in: Dekorativnoye iskusstvo SSSR, 1976, vol. 8.
  • "K vystavke Tatlina — odnogo iz osnovopolozhnikov sovetskoy shkoly dizayna ", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1977, vol. 7.
  • "'Tribuna Lenina'. Stranitsy istorii sovetskogo dizayna ", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1977, vol. 7.
  • "Zarozhdeniye printsipov sovremennoy polikhromii ", in: Tekhnicheskaya estetika, 1978, vol. 2.
  • "Stil' Oktyabrya ", in: Iskusstvo, 1978, vol. 6.
  • "Gosudarstvennyy institut khudozhestvennoy kul'tury (GINKHUK) v Leningrade ", in: Problemy istorii sovetskoy arkhitektury: Sbornik nauchnykh trudov, 1978, vol. 4, p. 25–28.
  • "Malevich — tsvetopis', obyomostroyeniye ", in: Khudozhestvennyye problemy predmetno-prostranstvennoy sredy, Moskva 1978.
  • "K.S. Malevich (k 100-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya) ", in: Trudy VNIITE, 1979.
  • "'Suprematičeskij order' ", in: Problemy istorii sovetskoy arkhitektury, 1983, vol. 6.
  • "Arkhitekturnyy fakul'tet VKHUTEMASa — VKHUTEINa ", in: VHUTEMASVHUTEIN, Moskva 1986.

References

  1. ^ Rakitin, V.I. (2013). Ėnciklopedija russkogo avangarda : izobrazitelʹnoe iskusstvo, architektura. Moskva: Global Expert & Service Team. pp. 333–334. ISBN 9785902801092.
  2. Zhadov, Aleksey Semenovich (1978). Chetyre goda voyny (Четыре года войны). Moskva. p. 364.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  3. Kipnis, Solomon Efimovich (2002). Zapiski nekropolista: Progulki po Novodevich'yemu . Moskva: Ahraf. ISBN 5-7784-0207-4.
  4. Baklanov, Grigoriy (1995). Vkhodite uzkimi vratami. Nevydumannyye rasskazy . Moskva: RIK «Kul'tura».
  5. Galinskiy, Arkadiy (1994). "Kak menya prevratili v 'Solzhenitsyna sovetskogo futbola'". Futbol'nyy Kur'yer. 1–4.
  6. Kuchkina, Ol'ga (2011). Svobodnaya lyubov'. Lichnyye istorii znamenitykh lyudey . Moskva: Vremya. ISBN 978-5-9691-0661-1.
  7. Rayevskaya, Mariya (2015). "Konstantin Simonov romany diktoval, a uzhin gotovil sam ". Vechernyaya Moskva.
  8. Palavandishvili, Nini (2019). Georgia. Art for Architecture. Soviet Modernist Mosaics from 1960 to 1990. Berlin: DOM Publishers. p. 10. ISBN 978-3-86922-691-0.
Categories: