Liu Zongzhou (simplified Chinese: 刘宗周; traditional Chinese: 劉宗周; pinyin: Liú Zōngzhōu, 1579–1645), also known as Liu Jishan (simplified Chinese: 刘蕺山; traditional Chinese: 劉蕺山), was a Confucian scholar from the Ming dynasty, born in Shanyin, Shaoxing. He is considered the last master of Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism and is known for his criticism of the teachings of Wang Yangming. After the Ming dynasty was destroyed by the Qing dynasty, Liu Zongzhou died on 8 June of the self-imposed starvation at age 68.
One of his students Zhu Yuan (祝淵) committed suicide by hanging himself. Another one of his students Wang Yushi (王毓蓍) committed suicide by drowning himself.
Along with Hu Hong, Liu Zongzhou's thoughts are regarded as part of a third stream of Neo-Confucianism by Mou Zongsan.
References
- Pan, Jen-tai (April 2010). "Liu Zongzhou's Criticism of Wang Yangming's Followers and his Scheme for Moral Reformation". Ming Studies. 2010 (61): 13–55. doi:10.1179/014703710x12772211565909. S2CID 171012801.
- "Liu Zongzhou". Shaoxing Government. Archived from the original on 2012-08-11. Retrieved 2013-04-09.
- Chen Que (陳確)《哭祝子开美》诗序云：“盖初六日之子刻也。越二日而山阴先生亦绝食死。”，《陈确集》
- 《玉光剑气集》卷六《忠节》
- Hummel, Arthur W. Sr., ed. (1943). "Liu Tsung-chou" . Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period. United States Government Printing Office.
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