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Portuguese infanta, saint, and queen of Castile (c.1195–1256)
For the daughter of Afonso I and Mafalda of Savoy (Queen of Portugal), see Mafalda of Portugal (born 1153).
Mafalda of Portugal
Lady of Arouca
Mafalda in Genealogy of the Kings of Portugal (António de Holanda, 1530–1534)
Anonymous image of Mafalda, depicting her dressed in her royal robes covered by a monastic cowl, bearing a crozier in her right hand, indicative of her position as an abbess, found in the gallery of Arouca Abbey (1740)
Upon the dissolution of the marriage, Mafalda returned to her homeland. She chose to become a Cisterciannun, and became noted for the holiness of her life. She was declared Blessed by the Catholic Church five centuries after her death.
Life
Early life
Mafalda of Portugal was born around 1195, the daughter of King Sancho I of Portugal and his queen, Dulce of Aragon.
On the death of her father, Mafalda, under the provisions of his will, was to receive the Seia Castle and the remaining portion of the municipality as well as all income produced there. Furthermore, she was granted the right to use the title of queen. This created a conflict with her brother Afonso IIO Gordo, who, wanting a centralized power, hindered his sister from receiving the titles and the corresponding rights. Afonso feared that something similar could happen with his two sisters, Teresa and Sancha, and their eventual heirs, creating a problem of sovereignty that could come to divide the country. Much of the Portuguese nobles sided with Mafalda and her sisters, but they were defeated. On the death of Afonso II, his son Sancho II granted some lands and castles to his aunts but he made them renounce the title of princess-queen. The final peace came in 1223.
Marriage
In 1215, a political marriage was arranged between Mafalda and her young cousin Henry I of Castile. As he was about ten years old, the marriage was never consummated, and it was dissolved the following year on grounds of consanguinity. She then returned to Portugal.
In 1220, Mafalda chose not to marry again and became a nun at the Abbey of Arouca, though she was granted a special dispensation to retain control of her inheritance. She became abbess of the community, then one of Benedictine nuns, and in 1226 had her request to transfer the abbey to the Cistercian Order granted by the pope. She had a great devotion to Our Lady of Silva and made substantial donations to the shrine. She also had a hospice for travelers built as well as a number of bridges, churches, monasteries, and hospitals. She helped to establish her own abbey as a major religious center in the region for centuries.
Returning from a pilgrimage to the shrine of Our Lady of Silva, she fell ill at Rio Tinto, Gondomar, and died at the monastery of Cistercians monks there on 1 May 1256. In 1616, wanting to return her body to Arouca as part of the process of her possible canonization, it was found not to have deteriorated, which generated a strong devotion to the Portuguese princess. She was beatified in 1792 by Pope Pius VI. Her feast day is celebrated on 20 June, together with her two sisters.
McMurdo, Edward. The History of Portugal: From the Commencement of the Monarchy to the Reign of Alfonso III, S. Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, 1888
* also an infanta of Spain and an archduchess of Austria, ** also an imperial princess of Brazil, *** also a princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess in Saxony, ◙ Also a princess of Braganza, ƒ title of pretense
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Mafalda in Genealogy of the Kings of Portugal (António de Holanda, 1530–1534)
Anonymous image of Mafalda, depicting her dressed in her royal robes covered by a monastic cowl, bearing a crozier in her right hand, indicative of her position as an abbess, found in the gallery of Arouca Abbey (1740)
