Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh

Conflict between the People's Republic of Bangladesh and Maoist groupsNot to be confused with 1972-1975 Bangladesh insurgency.

Part of Terrorism in Bangladesh

The location of Khulna Division.

Date	1993 – present
Location	Bangladesh, mainly Khulna
Result	Bangladesh Government Victory

Belligerents

Bangladesh

PBCP
PBCP-J
PBCP-LP
PBCP-ML
New PBCP
GMF

PBSP
PBSP(CC)
PBSP-MBRM

BCP

New BCP

Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh

Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh

Casualties and losses

25+ Security Force members dead

918+ Maoist insurgents dead
4,237+ Maoist insurgents surrendered

Unknown

Total: 1,191+ deaths

The Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh is a conflict between the Government of Bangladesh and the multiple Maoist groups within Bangladesh, such as the PBCP, GMF, PBCP-J, etc.

History

The Purbo Banglar Communist Party was founded in 1968. During the Bangladesh Liberation War the group aligned itself with Pakistan and China against Bangladeshi nationalists and the Soviet Union.

The PBCP became involved in criminal activities in the 1990s in order to finance itself. In 1993 the PBCP started a war against the BCP for control over Khulna and for ideological differences (the BCP is exclusively Maoist while the PBCP had become a mixture of Maoism and Naxalism). In the 2000s the PBCP underwent several splits, the most important of which took place in 2003, forming the PBCP-J (Purbo Banglar Communist Party-Janajuddha, dedicated to socialist revolution) thus starting an internal conflict that has killed 18 people. In 2002, Gazi Kamrul, the founder of BCP, was detained from his residence during Operation Clean Heart on 23 August 2002. Since 2005 the PBCP has begun to extend its insurrection with terrorist attacks, clashing with the government and also with rival Islamist groups like the JMJB. In 2006, the PBCP-J also began to carry out attacks and clashed with the government. Between 2005 and 2006, 379 people died in the insurgency. After this period, the insurrection diminished in intensity from year to year with fewer incidents.

Casualties

Year	Deaths
1993	34
1994	8
1995	2
2000	3
2001	3
2002	43
2003	133
2004	212
2005	193
2006	186
2007	72
2008	54
2009	86
2010	39
2011	19
2012	10
2013	24
2014	12
2015	14
2016	17
2017	13
2018	8
2019	3
2020	2
2021	1
2022	0
2023	0
2024	0
Total	1,191+

From 1993 to 2022 there were 1,191+ deaths in the insurgency. From the period 2003-2006 (the most violent period of the insurgency) there were 724 deaths.

References

"Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh (JMJB), South Asia Terrorism Portal". www.satp.org. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
^ "Datasheet - Left-wing Extremism". www.satp.org. Retrieved 2022-08-29.
"315 ultra-left activists surrender to embrace normal life". Dhaka Tribune. 21 May 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
"700 communist outlaws to surrender in Pabna". The Daily Star. 2 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
"596 outlaws surrender in Pabna". The Daily Star. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
^ "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Archived from the original on 2022-06-13. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
"UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
^ "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
"Purba Banglar Communist Party (PBCP), South Asia Terrorism Portal". www.satp.org. Archived from the original on 2016-04-28. Retrieved 2016-04-02.
Sikder, Siraj. "Exposure of the draft strategy and program of the so called East Bengal Communist party" (PDF). bannedthought.net. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-02-04.
"Leftist Parties of Bangladesh". Archived from the original on 2015-04-03. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
"Two outlaws held, one freed on bail: Arms recovered". The Daily Star. 2011-01-09. Archived from the original on 2021-11-09. Retrieved 2021-11-09.
"PBCP". UCDP. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
"Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh (JMJB)". South Asia Terrorism Portal. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
Hussain, Ahmede (12 March 2004). "Everything Falls Apart". Star Magazine. The Daily Star. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
"UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Archived from the original on 2022-05-21. Retrieved 2022-06-13.

Ongoing armed conflicts

Africa

Central	Allied Democratic Forces insurgency Anglophone Crisis Cabinda War Central African Republic Civil War Insurgency in Chad Insurgency in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Ituri conflict Western DR Congo clashes Kivu conflict M23 offensive Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
East	ADF insurgency Ethiopian civil conflict OLA insurgency Oromo conflict War in Amhara Ethnic violence in South Sudan Insurgency in Mozambique Somali Civil War Operation Atalanta
North	Insurgency in Egypt Insurgency in the Maghreb Insurgency in the Sahel Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso Jihadist insurgency in Niger Libyan Crisis Sudanese nomadic conflicts Ethnic violence in South Sudan Western Sahara conflict Western Saharan clashes
West	Communal conflicts in Nigeria Boko Haram insurgency Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria Nigerian bandit conflict Religious violence in Nigeria Conflict in the Niger Delta Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria Mali War Azawad conflict Western Togoland Rebellion

Americas

North	Jamaican political conflict Mexican drug war Salvadoran gang crackdown Honduran gang crackdown Gang war in Haiti
South	Colombian conflict Ecuadorian security crisis Insurgency in Paraguay Peruvian conflict Mapuche conflict

Asia

East	Korean conflict
Central	Xinjiang conflict
South	Afghan conflict Islamic State–Taliban conflict Republican insurgency Internal conflict in Bangladesh Drugs Insurgency in Northeast India Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir Naxalite–Maoist insurgency Insurgency in Pakistan Insurgency in Sindh Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes Insurgency in Sindh Sectarian violence in Pakistan
South- east	Myanmar conflict Myanmar civil war Kachin conflict Kalay clashes Karen conflict Karen–Mon conflict Conflict in Rakhine State Rohingya conflict Conflicts in the Philippines Communist Drug war Papua conflict South Thailand insurgency
West	Abkhazia conflict Georgian–Ossetian conflict Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency Iraq conflict Islamic State insurgency in Iraq Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict Qatif conflict Yemeni crisis Saudi–led intervention Yemeni Civil war Iran–Israel proxy conflict Gaza–Israel conflict Hezbollah–Israel conflict Iran–Israel conflict in Syria Kurdish separatism in Iran Iran–PJAK conflict Western Iran clashes Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency 2015–present Maoist insurgency in Turkey DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey Syrian civil war Desert campaign Inter-rebel conflict Rojava conflict Russian intervention

Europe

East	Abkhazia conflict Georgian–Ossetian conflict Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus Russo-Ukrainian War Russian invasion of Ukraine
West	Dissident Irish republican campaign Loyalist feud

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References