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Methane (data page)

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Chemical data page

This page provides supplementary chemical data on methane.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, nD 1.000444
Dielectric constant, εr 1.6761 ε0 at −182 °C
1.0008181 ε0 at −20 °C
Bond strength ?
Bond length 0.10870 nm
Bond angle 109.5°
Magnetic susceptibility −17.4×10 cm/mol

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point 90.67 K (−182.48 °C), 0.117 bar
Critical point 190.6 K (−82.6 °C), 46.0 bar
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusH 		1.1 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusS 		12.1 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapH 		8.17 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapS 		? J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHsolid 		? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Ssolid 		? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp ? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHliquid 		? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sliquid 		? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp ? J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHgas 		−74.6 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sgas 		186.3 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion ΔcH −891 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp 35.7 J/(mol K)
van der Waals' constants a = 228.29 L kPa/mol
b = 0.04278 L/mol

Vapor pressure of liquid

P (mm Hg) 1 10 40 100 400 760 1520 3800 7600 15200 30400 45600
T (°C) −205.9(s) −195.5(s) −187.7(s) −181.4 −168.8 −161.5 −152.3 −138.3 −124.8 −108.5 −86.3   —

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. Annotation "(s)" indicates equilibrium temperature of vapor over solid. Otherwise temperature is equilibrium of vapor over liquid. Note that these are all negative temperature values.

Methane vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses formula log 10 ⁡ P mm Hg = 6.61184 − 389.93 266.00 + T ∘ C {\displaystyle \log _{10}P_{\text{mm Hg}}=6.61184-{\frac {389.93}{266.00+T_{^{\circ }{\text{C}}}}}} given in Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. Note that formula loses accuracy near Tcrit = −82.6 °C

Spectral data

Methane infrared spectrum
UV-Vis
λmax ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε ?
IR
Major absorption bands 3019, 2917, 1534, 1306 cm
NMR
Proton NMR  
Carbon-13 NMR −2.3 ppm
Other NMR data  
MS
Masses of
main fragments 		 
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References

  1. Material Safety Datasheet . Iowa State
  2. Haynes, p. 10.256
  3. Haynes, p. 6.212
  4. Haynes, p. 6.221
  5. Haynes, p. 9.45
  6. Haynes, p. 3.578
  7. ^ Haynes, p. 6.175
  8. ^ Haynes, p. 5.26
  9. Haynes, p. 5.67
  10. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524.
  11. Haynes, p. 9.106
  12. Haynes, p. 8.67

Cited sources

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