| Micaria Temporal range: Palaeogene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N | |
|---|---|
| |
| Micaria fulgens | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Gnaphosidae |
| Genus: | Micaria Westring, 1851 |
| Type species | |
| M. fulgens (Walckenaer, 1802) | |
| Species | |
|
105, see text | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Micaria is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Niklas Westring in 1851. They are 1.3 to 6.5 millimetres (0.051 to 0.256 in) long.
They are often called "ant spiders" due to their ant-like appearance and ant mimicking behavior.
Species
As of May 2019 it contains 105 species and two subspecies found in the Holarctic, Indomalayan, Australasian and Afrotropical zoogeographic regions:
- M. aborigenica Mikhailov, 1988 – Russia (north-eastern Siberia)
- M. aciculata Simon, 1895 – Russia (South Siberia)
- M. aenea Thorell, 1871 – North America, Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan
- M. albofasciata Hu, 2001 – China
- M. albovittata (Lucas, 1846) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Central Asia), Iran, Turkmenistan, China
- M. alpina L. Koch, 1872 – USA (Alaska), Canada, Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Japan
- M. alxa Tang, Urita, Song & Zhao, 1997 – China
- M. beaufortia (Tucker, 1923) – South Africa
- M. belezma Bosmans, 2000 – Algeria
- M. blicki Kovblyuk & Nadolny, 2008 – Ukraine
- M. bonneti Schenkel, 1963 – Mongolia, China
- M. bosmansi Kovblyuk & Nadolny, 2008 – Ukraine, Russia (Europe)
- M. braendegaardi Denis, 1958 – Afghanistan
- M. brignolii (Bosmans & Blick, 2000) – Portugal, France
- M. browni Barnes, 1953 – USA
- M. camargo Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – Mexico
- M. capistrano Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA, Mexico
- M. charitonovi Mikhailov & Ponomarev, 2008 – Kazakhstan
- M. chrysis (Simon, 1910) – South Africa
- M. cimarron Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA
- M. coarctata (Lucas, 1846) – Mediterranean, Eastern Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Central Asia
- M. coloradensis Banks, 1896 – USA, Canada
- M. connexa O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 – China (Yarkand)
- M. constricta Emerton, 1894 – North America, Svalbard, Russia (Northern Europe to Middle Siberia)
- M. corvina Simon, 1878 – Algeria, Tunisia, Israel
- M. croesia L. Koch, 1873 – Australia (New South Wales)
- M. cyrnea Brignoli, 1983 – France (Corsica), Italy, Greece
- M. delicatula Bryant, 1941 – USA
- M. deserticola Gertsch, 1933 – USA, Mexico
- M. dives (Lucas, 1846) – Europe, Turkey, Israel, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, India, China, Korea, Japan
- Micaria d. concolor (Caporiacco, 1935) – Karakorum
- M. donensis Ponomarev & Tsvetkov, 2006 – Russia (Europe)
- M. elizabethae Gertsch, 1942 – USA, Canada
- M. emertoni Gertsch, 1935 – North America
- M. faltana Bhattacharya, 1935 – India
- M. formicaria (Sundevall, 1831) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, China
- M. foxi Gertsch, 1933 – USA, Canada
- M. fulgens (Walckenaer, 1802) (type) – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Central Asia, China
- M. funerea Simon, 1878 – Spain, France (Corsica), Bulgaria, Russia (Caucasus)
- M. galilaea Levy, 2009 – Israel
- M. gertschi Barrows & Ivie, 1942 – USA, Canada
- M. gomerae Strand, 1911 – Canary Is.
- M. gosiuta Gertsch, 1942 – USA, Mexico
- M. gulliae Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003 – Russia (Europe), Kazakhstan
- M. guttigera Simon, 1878 – Portugal, Spain, France
- M. guttulata (C. L. Koch, 1839) – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan
- M. icenoglei Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA
- M. idana Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA, Canada
- M. ignea (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Canary Is., Algeria, Spain, Greece (Crete), Cyprus, Egypt, Yemen, Israel, Syria, Iran, Central Asia
- M. imperiosa Gertsch, 1935 – USA, Mexico
- M. inornata L. Koch, 1873 – Australia
- M. japonica Hayashi, 1985 – Russia (Far East), Korea, Japan
- M. jeanae Gertsch, 1942 – USA, Mexico
- M. jinlin Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004 – China
- M. kopetdaghensis Mikhailov, 1986 – Caucasus to Central Asia
- M. langtry Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA
- M. lassena Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA
- M. laticeps Emerton, 1909 – USA, Canada
- M. lenzi Bösenberg, 1899 – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South and north-eastern Siberia), Central Asia, China
- M. lindbergi Roewer, 1962 – Afghanistan
- M. logunovi Zhang, Song & Zhu, 2001 – China
- M. longipes Emerton, 1890 – North America
- M. longispina Emerton, 1911 – USA, Canada
- M. marchesii (Caporiacco, 1936) – Libya
- M. marusiki Zhang, Song & Zhu, 2001 – China
- M. medica Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA, Canada
- M. mexicana Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – Mexico
- M. mongunica Danilov, 1997 – Russia (South Siberia)
- M. mormon Gertsch, 1935 – North America
- M. nanella Gertsch, 1935 – USA, Mexico
- M. nivosa L. Koch, 1866 – Europe, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan
- M. nye Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA, Mexico
- M. otero Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA
- M. pallens Denis, 1958 – Afghanistan
- M. pallida O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 – Tajikistan
- M. palliditarsa Banks, 1896 – USA, Mexico
- M. pallipes (Lucas, 1846) – Madeira, Mediterranean to Central Asia
- M. palma Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA
- M. palmgreni Wunderlich, 1980 – Finland
- M. paralbofasciata Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004 – China
- M. pasadena Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA, Mexico
- M. porta Platnick & Shadab, 1988 – USA, Mexico
- M. pulcherrima Caporiacco, 1935 – India, Pakistan, Russia (South Siberia), China
- Micaria p. flava Caporiacco, 1935 – Karakorum
- M. pulicaria (Sundevall, 1831) – North America, Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, Japan
- M. punctata Banks, 1896 – USA
- M. riggsi Gertsch, 1942 – USA, Canada
- M. rossica Thorell, 1875 – North America, Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, Mongolia, China
- M. seminola Gertsch, 1942 – USA
- M. seymuria Tuneva, 2004 – Kazakhstan
- M. silesiaca L. Koch, 1875 – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia)
- M. siniloana Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
- M. sociabilis Kulczyński, 1897 – Europe, Azerbaijan
- M. subopaca Westring, 1861 – Europe, Russia (Europe to South Siberia, Kamchatka)
- M. tarabaevi Mikhailov, 1988 – Kazakhstan
- M. tersissima Simon, 1910 – South Africa
- M. triangulosa Gertsch, 1935 – USA
- M. triguttata Simon, 1884 – Spain, France, Algeria
- M. tripunctata Holm, 1978 – USA (Alaska), Canada, Northern Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East)
- M. tuvensis Danilov, 1993 – Russia (Central Asia, South Siberia), Kazakhstan, China
- M. utahna Gertsch, 1933 – USA
- M. vinnula Gertsch & Davis, 1936 – USA
- M. violens Oliger, 1983 – Russia (Far East)
- M. xiningensis Hu, 2001 – China
- M. yeniseica Marusik & Koponen, 2002 – Russia (Middle Siberia)
- M. yushuensis Hu, 2001 – China
- M. zonsteini (Mikhailov, 2016) – Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan
References
- ^ "Gen. Micaria Westring, 1851". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-06-04.
- Wunderlich, J. (2017). "Descriptions, notes and synonyms of some mainly Mediterranean and Macaronesian spiders (Araneae) of various families". Beiträge zur Araneologie. 10: 315.
- Breitling, R. (2017). "Public DNA barcoding data resolve the status of the genus Arboricaria (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)". Arachnologische Mitteilungen. 54: 26.
- Haddad, C. R.; Bosmans, R. (2013). "Synonymy of the North African spider genus Castanilla Caporiacco, 1936 with Micaria Westring, 1851 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)". Zootaxa. 3734 (3): 397–399. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3734.3.10. PMID 25277923.
- Murphy, J. (2007). Gnaphosid genera of the world. British Arachnological Society, St Neots, Cambridgeshire.
- Wunderlich, J. (1980). "Revision der europäischen Arten der Gattung Micaria Westring 1851, mit Anmerkungen zu den übrigen paläarktischen Arten (Arachnida: Araneida: Gnaphosidae)". Zoologische Beiträge. 25 (1979): 238.
- Westring, N. (1851). "Förteckning öfver de till närvarande tid Kände, i Sverige förekommande Spindlarter, utgörande ett antal af 253, deraf 132 äro nya för svenska Faunan". Göteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhälles Handlingar. 2: 25–62.
- Platnick, Norman I.; Shadab, Mohammad U. (1988). "A Revision of the American Spiders of the Genus Micaria (Araneae, Gnaphosidae)". American Museum Novitates (2916): 1–64.
- "Family Gnaphosidae (Flat-bellied Ground Spiders)". Spiders of Sungai Tawau. Retrieved 2016-09-28.
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