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The military ranks of the Republic of China (1912–1949) were the military insignia used by the Beiyang Army, National Revolutionary Army, Republic of China Navy, and Republic of China Air Force. The ranks were introduced following the abdication of the Xuantong Emperor and continued to be used by the Republic of China Armed Forces, following the retreat to Taiwan.

Army ranks

Commissioned officer ranks

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers
1912–1928
					一等一级 Yīděng yījí		一等二级 Yīděng èrjí		一等三级 Yīděng sānjí		二等一级 Èrděng yījí		二等二级 Èīděng èrjí		二等三级 Èīděng sānjí		三等一级 Sānděng yījí		三等二级 Sānděng èrjí		三等三级 Sānděng sānjí		等外军官 Děng wài jūnguān
1929
					上將 Shàngjiàng		中將 Zhōngjiàng		少將 Shàojiàng		上校 Shàngxiào		中校 Zhōngxiào		少校 Shàoxiào		上尉 Shàngwèi		中尉 Zhōngwèi		少尉 Shàowèi
1929–1936
					上將 Shàngjiàng		中將 Zhōngjiàng		少將 Shàojiàng		上校 Shàngxiào		中校 Zhōngxiào		少校 Shàoxiào		上尉 Shàngwèi		中尉 Zhōngwèi		少尉 Shàowèi		准尉 Zhǔnwèi
1936–1946
	特級上將 Tèjí shàngjiàng		一級上將 Yījí shàngjiàng		二級上將 Èrjí shàngjiàng		中將 Zhōngjiàng		少將 Shàojiàng		上校 Shàngxiào		中校 Zhōngxiào		少校 Shàoxiào		上尉 Shàngwèi		中尉 Zhōngwèi		少尉 Shàowèi		准尉 Zhǔnwèi
1946–1949
	特級上將 Tèjí shàngjiàng		一級上將 Yījí shàngjiàng		二級上將 Èrjí shàngjiàng		中將 Zhōngjiàng		少將 Shàojiàng		上校 Shàngxiào		中校 Zhōngxiào		少校 Shàoxiào		上尉 Shàngwèi		中尉 Zhōngwèi		少尉 Shàowèi
Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

Navy ranks

Commissioned officer ranks

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers
1912–1928
			一等一级 Yīděng yījí		一等二级 Yīděng èrjí		一等三级 Yīděng sānjí				二等一级 Èrděng yījí		二等二级 Èīděng èrjí		二等三级 Èīděng sānjí		三等一级 Sānděng yījí		三等二级 Sānděng èrjí		三等三级 Sānděng sānjí
1928–1946
	一級上將 Yījí shàngjiàng		二級上將 Èrjí shàngjiàng		中將 Zhōngjiàng		少將 Shàojiàng		代將 Dàijiàng		上校 Shàngxiào		中校 Zhōngxiào		少校 Shàoxiào		上尉 Shàngwèi		中尉 Zhōngwèi		少尉 Shàowèi
1946–1949
	一級上將 Yījí shàngjiàng		二級上將 Èrjí shàngjiàng		中將 Zhōngjiàng		少將 Shàojiàng		代將 Dàijiàng		上校 Shàngxiào		中校 Zhōngxiào		少校 Shàoxiào		上尉 Shàngwèi		中尉 Zhōngwèi		少尉 Shàowèi
Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

Air force ranks

Commissioned officer ranks

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers
Rank	上將 Shàngjiàng				中將 Zhōngjiàng		少將 Shàojiàng				上校 Shàngxiào		中校 Zhōngxiào		少校 Shàoxiào		上尉 Shàngwèi		中尉 Zhōngwèi			少尉 Shàowèi
1936–1939
1939–1946
1946–1949
Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

See also

• Military ranks of Imperial China
• Military ranks of the Republic of China

References

1. ^ Ping 2009, p. 43.
2. ^ Ping 2009, p. 55.
3. ^ Wu 2018, p. 154.
4. Ping 2009, p. 59.
5. Ping 2009, p. 65.
6. Ping 2009, p. 72.
7. ^ Ping 2009, p. 51.
8. Ping 2009, pp. 80–84.
9. Ping 2009, pp. 89–90.
10. ^ Ping 2009, p. 93.
11. Ping 2009, p. 94.

Sources

• Ping, Xu, ed. (2009). Zhōngguó bǎinián jūnfú (zēngbǔ bǎn) 中国百年军服 (增补版) [China Regimental 100 Years] (2nd ed.). Gold Wall Press. ISBN 978-7-80084-679-3. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
• Wu, Shang Rong (2018). 100 Years of the Chinese Military Uniform (in Chinese). King Kong Publishing. ISBN 978-986-97216-1-5. Retrieved 27 September 2022.

External links

• "Republic of China (1928-1949)". uniforminsignia.org. The International Encyclopedia of Uniform Insignia. Retrieved 7 October 2023.

• Military ranks of China