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Nanjing South Railway Station waiting hallNanjingnan Railway Station Platform
History
Before the construction of the (New) Nanjing South Railway Station, the name "Nanjing South Railway Station" was applied to another station: a fairly minor rail station located just outside the Gate of China (Zhonghuamen) of Nanjing's walled city, much closer to the city centre than the new Nanjing South Railway Station. To avoid confusion, the (old) South Railway Station has now been renamed as the Zhonghuamen railway station.
Design
The dimension of the main roof is 456m x 216m (excluding smaller roof on both sides of the main roof), the main roof is constructed with steel weighing more than 8000 tons. The roof over the waiting hall area is 72,000 square meters (775,001 square ft). The entire railway station has 128 escalators and 28 platforms (a combination of island-platforms and side-platforms). At the peak of the construction phase, there were more than 20,000 construction workers and engineers on site. Solar panels cover the majority of the railway station roof and are capable of providing 228 MWs of electricity within 25 years.
It is one of the world's largest railway stations in terms of gross floor area, at 458,000 m (4,930,000 sq ft), and nearly six times larger than the pre-existing Nanjing railway station to the north. The five floors allow for a zero-distance transfer to Nanjing Metro, Nanjing municipal buses, and Airport bus lines. On 30 September 2016 the metro station served a peak volume of 102,300 passengers.
Nanjing South Railway station has implemented its "Smart Station System" to adjust lighting based on passenger flow and environmental conditions. The system also monitors air conditioning and heating across the station. The station saved over 5 million kilowatt-hours of electricity, reduced steam usage by 24,700 tons, and cut carbon emissions by more than 7,000 tons in 2021. Nanjing South Railway Station's "solar roof" was the world’s largest integrated solar power system in 2011, set to generate 228 million kilowatt-hours over 25 years—saving over 85,000 tons of coal.
Incorporated traditional architectural elements in the station
The design inside the building incorporated traditional architectural elements to reflect the history of Nanjing, for it used to be the capital of 6 different ancient dynasties with massive resources. The construction has successfully combined Nanjing's history and modernity by involving dual eaves, colonnades, dougong brackets, brickwork and paper-cut into decorations.
Impact
The opening of Nanjing South station improved regional connectivity and stimulated local economic growth, facilitated tourism, and attracted businesses to Nanjing. The station has also become a catalyst for large-scale urban development projects. It boosted the growth of commercial districts, shopping centers, and business parks, serving as a landmark for modern urban infrastructure.
Due to its strategic position, the station experiences high passenger traffic. In the summer transport season of 2023, Nanjing South handled over 10 million passengers, with an average of more than 650 train services operating daily.
Metro connections
Nanjing South Railway Station serves as a vital transportation hub, integrating high-speed rail services with the Nanjing Metro system. The station acts as a major junction for multiple metro lines, including Line 1, Line 3, Line S-1 and S3, facilitating connections to different parts of the city and surrounding area. Its strategic location enables transfers between various transport modes, such as buses and taxis.
Although Line 1 of the Nanjing Metro had already opened its southern extension from Andemen to CPU on 28 May 2010, the metro station did not open until 28 June 2011, in conjunction with the opening of the railway station itself. Line S1, connecting Nanjing South and the rest of the Nanjing Metro system with Lukou International Airport, opened on 1 July 2014. The connections with Lines 3 and S3 respectively opened on 1 April 2015 and 6 December 2017 with the opening of those lines.
中國評論新聞：京滬高鐵南京南站開工 將建亞洲第一大站 [China Review News: Nanjing South railway station on the Jinghu (Beijing–Shanghai) HSR commences construction, to be Asia's largest railway station] (in Traditional Chinese). China Review News. 10 July 2008. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
^ Luo Peng (罗鹏); Liu Beiyang (刘北洋) (1 July 2014). 本网直击南京地铁机场线正式通车. jschina.com.cn news. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ 亞洲最大 京滬高鐵南京南站啟用 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). United Daily News. 29 June 2011. Archived from the original on 2 July 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2018. 南京南站總建築面積達四十五萬平方公尺，是現有南京火車站的六倍大，分為高架、站台、地面、地下空間、地鐵五層，旅客不用出站即可實現鐵路、地鐵、公車、長途客運、機場大巴「零距離」換乘。
大事记. Nanjing Metro. Retrieved 24 July 2018. 5月28日 南京地铁二号线及一号线南延线建成通车，运营里程跃居全国第四，初现网络化运营格局
南京地铁二号线载人模拟运营 [Nanjing Metro Line 2 Undergoes Trial Runs]. Sina News (in Chinese). Yantse Evening News. 23 May 2010. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 20 December 2016.
南京南站28日投入使用地铁高铁换乘"零距离" [Nanjing South railway station on the 28th to employ a "zero-distance transfer" between the metro and high-speed railway]. Yangtse Evening News. 21 June 2011. Archived from the original on 27 June 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
小粉来了！南京人上班乘坐这条地铁线每天可多睡25分钟 [Line S3 is here! Nanjing commuters on this route can now sleep an extra 25 minutes!] (in Chinese). Jiangsu TV. 6 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
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