Nankaidō (南海道, literally, "southern sea circuit" or "southern sea region") is a Japanese geographical term. It means both an ancient division of the country and the main road running through it. The road connected provincial capitals in this region. It was part of the Gokishichidō system.
The Nankaidō encompassed the pre-Meiji provincial lands of Kii and Awaji, plus the four provinces that made up the island of Shikoku: Awa, Sanuki, Tosa, and Iyo.
The road extended from Nara to the seacoast to the south on the Kii Peninsula of the island of Honshū in Japan and crossing the sea, extended to Yura (nowadays Sumoto) and then Shikoku.
Nankaidō earthquakes
Main article: Nankaidō earthquakes- See List of tsunamis for a full list of Nankai quakes with tsunami.
Many historic earthquakes bear the name "Nankai" or "Nankaido", as specific epicenters were known at the time. Often quakes take on the Japanese era name along with location such as Nankaido. These include:
- 1498 Meiō Nankaidō earthquake
- 1605 Keichō Nankaidō earthquake
- 1854 Ansei-Nankai earthquake
- 1944 Tōnankai earthquake
- 1946 Nankai earthquake (南海地震) measuring 8.4 hit at 4:19 there was a catastrophic earthquake on the southwest of Japan in the Nankai area. It was felt almost everywhere in the central and western parts of the country. The tsunami washed away 1451 houses, caused 1500 deaths in Japan, and was observed on tide gauges in California, Hawaii, and Peru.
See also
Notes
- Deal, William E. (2005). Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan, p. 83.
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Goki-shichidō," Japan Encyclopedia, p. 255.
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 65-66., p. 65, at Google Books
- Titsingh, p. 65 n3., p. 65, at Google Books
- JNOAA Earthquake Database Query
References
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon (Nihon Odai Ichiran). Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
| Gokishichidō (five provinces and seven circuits) | |
|---|---|
| Five provinces | |
| Seven circuits | |
| Former provinces of Japan (List) | |
|---|---|
| Kinai | |
| Tōkaidō | |
| Tōsandō | |
| Hokurikudō | |
| San'indō | |
| San'yōdō | |
| Nankaidō | |
| Saikaidō | |
| Hokkaidō 1869– | |
| Pre-Taihō Code provinces | |
Source: Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Provinces and prefectures" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 780, p. 780, at Google Books; excerpt,
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