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Northern pudu

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Species of small South American deer

Northern pudu
Northern pudu (P. mephistophiles)
Conservation status

Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1)
CITES Appendix II (CITES)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Cervidae
Subfamily: Capreolinae
Genus: Pudella
Species: P. mephistophiles
Binomial name
Pudella mephistophiles
(de Winton, 1896)
Geographic range of Pudu mephistophiles
Synonyms

Pudua mephistophiles de Winton, 1896

The northern pudu (Pudella mephistophiles, Mapudungun püdü or püdu, Spanish: pudú, Spanish pronunciation: [puˈðu]) is a species of South American deer native to the Andes of Colombia, Venezuela, Peru and Ecuador. It is the world's smallest deer and is classified as Data Deficient in the IUCN Red List. Originally classified under genus Pudu, some authorities consider it to belong to a separate genus (Pudella) from the southern pudu, along with Pudella carlae.

Description

The northern pudu is the smallest species of deer in the world, standing 32 to 35 cm (13 to 14 in) tall at the shoulder and weighing 3.3 to 6 kg (7.3 to 13.2 lb). The antlers of the northern pudu grow to about 6 cm (2.4 in) long and curve backward. Its coat tends to be lighter than that of the southern pudu, but the face is darker compared to the coat.

Range and habitat

The northern pudu is found at higher altitudes than its sister species, from 2,000 to 4,000 m (6,600 to 13,100 ft) above sea level. It has a discontinuous range across the Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. It inhabits montane forests, high-elevation elfin forests, and humid alpine páramo grasslands above the tree-line. The Marañón dry forests are a gap in the species' range, separating the Ecuadorian population from the Peruvian population in the Peruvian Yungas south of the Marañón River.

References

  1. ^ Barrio, J.; Tirira, D.G. (2019). "Pudu mephistophiles". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T18847A22163836. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T18847A22163836.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  3. de Winton, W. E. (1896). "On some Mammals from Ecuador". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 64 (2): 507–513 . doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1896.tb03055.x.
  4. Muñoz Urrutia, Rafael, ed. (2006). Diccionario Mapuche: Mapudungun/Español, Español/Mapudungun (in Spanish) (2nd ed.). Santiago, Chile: Editorial Centro Gráfico Ltda. p. 184. ISBN 956-8287-99-X.
  5. "Southern Pudu". Animal Planet. 2009. Archived from the original on 28 November 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2009.
  6. Javier Barrio; Eliécer E Gutiérrez; Guillermo D’Elía (2024). "The First living cervid Species described in the 21st Century and Revalidation of Pudella (Artiodactyla)". Journal of Mammalogy. doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyae012.
  7. ^ Geist, Valerius (September 1998). Deer of the World: Their Evolution, Behaviour, and Ecology. Stackpole Books. pp. 119–121. ISBN 978-0-8117-0496-0.
Extant Artiodactyla species
Suborder Ruminantia
Antilocapridae
Antilocapra
Giraffidae
Okapia
Giraffa
Moschidae
Moschus
Tragulidae
Hyemoschus
Moschiola
Tragulus
CervidaeLarge family listed below
BovidaeLarge family listed below
Family Cervidae
Cervinae
Muntiacus
Elaphodus
Dama
Axis
Rucervus
Elaphurus
Rusa
Cervus
Capreolinae
Alces
Hydropotes
Capreolus
Rangifer
Hippocamelus
Mazama
Ozotoceros
Blastocerus
Pudu
Pudella?
Odocoileus
Family Bovidae
Hippotraginae
Hippotragus
Oryx
Addax
Reduncinae
Kobus
Redunca
Aepycerotinae
Aepyceros
Peleinae
Pelea
Alcelaphinae
Beatragus
Damaliscus
Alcelaphus
Connochaetes
Pantholopinae
Pantholops
CaprinaeLarge subfamily listed below
BovinaeLarge subfamily listed below
AntilopinaeLarge subfamily listed below
Family Bovidae (subfamily Caprinae)
Ammotragus
Arabitragus
Budorcas
Capra
Capricornis
Hemitragus
Naemorhedus
Oreamnos
Ovibos
Nilgiritragus
Ovis
Pseudois
Rupicapra
Family Bovidae (subfamily Bovinae)
Boselaphini
Tetracerus
Boselaphus
Bovini
Bubalus
Bos
Pseudoryx
Syncerus
Tragelaphini
Tragelaphus
(including kudus)
Taurotragus
Family Bovidae (subfamily Antilopinae)
Antilopini
Ammodorcas
Antidorcas
Antilope
Eudorcas
Gazella
Litocranius
Nanger
Procapra
Saigini
Saiga
Neotragini
Dorcatragus
Madoqua
Neotragus
Nesotragus
Oreotragus
Ourebia
Raphicerus
Cephalophini
Cephalophus
Philantomba
Sylvicapra
Suborder Suina
Suidae
Babyrousa
Hylochoerus
Phacochoerus
Porcula
Potamochoerus
Sus
Tayassuidae
Tayassu
Catagonus
Dicotyles
Suborder Tylopoda
Camelidae
Lama
Camelus
Suborder Whippomorpha
Hippopotamidae
Hippopotamus
Choeropsis
Cetacea
Taxon identifiers
Pudu mephistophiles
Pudua mephistophiles
Categories: