Onychotillomania - Misplaced Pages

Medical condition

Onychotillomania
Specialty	Psychiatry

Onychotillomania is a compulsive behavior in which a person picks constantly at the nails or tries to tear them off. It is not the same as onychophagia, where the nails are bitten or chewed, or dermatillomania, where skin is bitten or scratched. Onychotillomania can be categorized as a body-focused repetitive behavior in the DSM-5 and is a form of skin picking, also known as excoriation disorder.

It can be associated with psychiatric disorders such as depressive neurosis, delusions of infestation and hypochondriasis.

It was named by Jan Alkiewicz, a Polish dermatologist.

The constant destruction of the nail bed leads to onychodystrophy, paronychia and darkening of the nail.

Some cases have been treated successfully with antipsychotics.

One cheap solution suggested by researchers is to cover the proximal nail fold with a Cyanoacrylate glue. "The mechanism of action for improvement is probably related to the presence of an obstacle to picking."

References

James WD, Berger T, Elston D (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (10th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.
Ameen Sait M, Reddy BS, Garg BR (1985). "Onychotillomania. 2 case reports". Dermatologica. 171 (3): 200–2. doi:10.1159/000249420. PMID 4076493.
Kim MH, Park HJ, Lee JY, Cho BK (July 2006). "Two Cases of Onychotillomania". Korean J Dermatol (in Korean). 44 (7): 855–857. ISSN 0494-4739.
Grzybowski A, Zaba R (2009). "Professor Jan Alkiewicz, MD, and his influence on 20th century dermatology and mycology". Clinics in Dermatology. 27 (3): 317–322. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2008.10.009. PMID 19368061.
Harth W, Gieler U, Kusnir D, Tausk F (2009). Clinical Management of Psychodermatology. Berlin: Springer. p. 21. ISBN 978-3-540-34718-7.
Baran R (1990). "Nail biting and picking as a possible cause of longitudinal melanonychia. A study of 6 cases". Dermatologica. 181 (2): 126–8. doi:10.1159/000247900. PMID 2242780.
Hamann K (1982). "Onychotillomania treated with pimozide (Orap)". Acta Derm. Venereol. 62 (4): 364–366. PMID 6183881.
Ring DS (November 2010). "Inexpensive solution for habit-tic deformity". Archives of Dermatology. 146 (11): 1222–3. doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2010.287. PMID 21079056.

External links

Classification	D ICD-10: F98.8 (ILDS F98.820) DiseasesDB: 32039

v t e Emotional and behavioral disorders
Emotional/behavioral	ADHD Conduct disorder Oppositional defiant disorder Emotional/behavioral disorder (EBD) Separation anxiety Social functioning Selective mutism RAD DAD Tic disorders Tourette syndrome Speech disorders Stuttering Cluttering Stereotypic movement disorder Elimination disorders Enuresis Encopresis

Mental disorders (Classification)

Adult personality and behavior

Sexual	Ego-dystonic sexual orientation Paraphilia Fetishism Voyeurism Sexual anhedonia Sexual anorexia Sexual maturation disorder Sexual relationship disorder
Other	Factitious disorder Munchausen syndrome Fear of intimacy Gender dysphoria Intermittent explosive disorder Dermatillomania Kleptomania Pyromania Trichotillomania Personality disorder

Childhood and learning

Emotional and behavioral	ADHD Conduct disorder ODD Emotional and behavioral disorders Separation anxiety disorder Movement disorders Stereotypic Social functioning DAD RAD Selective mutism Speech Cluttering Stuttering Tic disorder Tourette syndrome
Intellectual disability	X-linked intellectual disability Lujan–Fryns syndrome
Psychological development (developmental disabilities)	Pervasive Specific

Mood (affective)
Bipolar Bipolar I Bipolar II Bipolar NOS Cyclothymia Depression Atypical depression Dysthymia Major depressive disorder Melancholic depression Seasonal affective disorder Mania

Neurological and symptomatic

Autism spectrum	Autism Asperger syndrome High-functioning autism PDD-NOS Savant syndrome
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Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform

Adjustment

Adjustment disorder with depressed mood

Anxiety

Phobia	Agoraphobia Childhood phobia Social anxiety Social phobia Anthropophobia Specific social phobia Specific phobia Claustrophobia
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Dissociative

Somatic symptom

Physiological and physical behavior

Eating	Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Rumination syndrome Other specified feeding or eating disorder
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Postnatal	Postpartum depression Postpartum psychosis
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Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional

Delusional	Delusional disorder Folie à deux
Psychosis and schizophrenia-like	Brief reactive psychosis Schizoaffective disorder Schizophreniform disorder
Schizophrenia	Childhood schizophrenia Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia Simple-type schizophrenia
Other	Catatonia

Symptoms and uncategorized
Impulse-control disorder Klüver–Bucy syndrome Psychomotor agitation Stereotypy

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References

External links