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Opopanax (genus)

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Genus of flowering plants Not to be confused with perfumery's opopanax.

Opopanax
Opopanax chironium
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Subfamily: Apioideae
Genus: Opopanax
W.D.J.Koch
Species

See text

Synonyms
  • Panax Hill, nom. illeg.
  • Crenosciadium Boiss. & Heldr.
  • Maspeton Raf.

Opopanax is a genus of plants in the family Apiaceae.

Species

Opopanax includes four species:

Etymology

The genus name Opopanax derives from Anglo-Norman opopanac, from Latin opopanax, from Hellenistic Greek ὀποπάναξ, from Ancient Greek ὀπός (opos, "juice") + πάναξ (panax, "all-healing"). Therefore, opopanax literally means the juice (gum resin) of all-heal. There were many different plants called all-heal (πάνακες or panaces) in Ancient Greece and Rome. However, according to Dioscorides, opopanax was obtained specifically from a kind of all-heal named πάνακες Ἡράκλειον (panaces Heraclion, "Hercules' all-heal"), which has been identified as Opopanax chironium, O. persicus and O. hispidus.

The term opopanax traditionally refers to the medicinal gum resin of Opopanax sp., but in perfumery, opopanax refers to the gum resin of an unrelated species Commiphora guidottii.

Taxonomic history

The genus was created by Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch based on the species Opopanax chironium, previously known as Pastinaca opopanax L. and Ferula opopanax Spreng.

References

  1. ^ POWO (2024). "Opopanax siifolius (Boiss. & Heldr.) Menemen". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2024-11-02.
  2. "opopanax". Oxford English Dictionary. Retrieved 2009-12-27. (subscription required)
  3. Dioscorides, Pedanius (1902). Des Pedanios Dioskurides aus Anazarbos. Translated by Julius Berendes. Stuttgart, Germany: Verlag von Ferdinand Enke. pp. 295–297.
  4. Royle, John Forbes (1847). Carson, Joseph (ed.). Materia Medica and Therapeutics: Including the Preparations of the Pharmacopoeias of London, Edinburgh, Dublin, and (of the United States) with Many New Medicines. Philadelphia, US: Lea and Blanchard. p. 405.
  5. ^ Thulin, Mats; Claeson, Per (1991). "The Botanical Origin of Scented Myrrh (Bissabol or Habak Hadi)". Economic Botany. 45 (4): 487–494. doi:10.1007/BF02930711. ISSN 0013-0001. JSTOR 4255391.
  6. Dioscorides, Pedanius (2017). De materia medica. Translated by Lily Y. Beck (3rd ed.). Hildesheim, Germany: Georg Olms Verlag. ISBN 9783487155715.
  7. "Generum Tribuumque plantarum umbelliferarum nova dispositio" [A new arrangement of the genera and tribes of umbelliferous plants]. Nova Acta Physico-Medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Naturae Curiosum (in Latin). 12 (1): 55–156 (on page 96). Retrieved 8 June 2014.
Taxon identifiers
Opopanax


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