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Otanes (son of Sisamnes)

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Achaemenid judge and later Satrap of Ionia during the reign of Darius the Great For other people with the same name, see Otanes.
Otanes
Otanes son of Sisamnes, according to Peter Paul Rubens.
Native nameOtanes
AllegianceAchaemenid Empire
Years of serviceCirca 500 BC
RankJudge, later Satrap of Lydia
Battles / warsIonian revolt

Otanes (Old Persian: Utāna, Ancient Greek: Ὀτάνης), son of Sisamnes, was an Achaemenid judge and later Satrap of Ionia during the reign of Darius the Great, circa 500 BC.

Career

Otanes first replaced his father as judge, when the latter was condemned for corruption by Cambyses II. He later took on military responsibilities under Darius, that led him to have an important role in suppressing the Ionian Revolt. In Histories 5 (Histories 5.25-5.28), Herodotus speaks of an Otanes - a son of a previously mentioned Sisamnes (3.31) - who served as a judge under Cambyses II and later under Darius I, who followed the European Scythian campaign of Darius I, and became governor in Asia Minor:

First, however, (Darius) made Otanes governor of the people on the coast. Otanes' father Sisamnes had been one of the royal judges, and Cambyses had cut his throat and flayed off all his skin because he had been bribed to give an unjust judgment.

— Herodotus 5.25.

Ionian revolt

Otanes was a major Achaemenid actor in the Ionian Revolt.
Cambyses II appointing Otanes as judge in place of his flayed father Sisamnes, after a painting by Peter Paul Rubens. The skin of his father appears above the seated Otanes.
Otanes seated in the chair of the judge after his father was flayed (center).

Otanes succeeded Megabazus as the governor/supreme commander of the united forces of the peoples of the Aegean (5.26.1), and subjugated Byzantium and other cities during the Ionian revolt (5.123.1, 5.116.1).

According to Herodotus:

This Otanes, then, who sat upon that seat, was now made successor to Megabazus in his governorship. He captured Byzantium, Calchedon, Antandrus in the Troad, and Lamponium, and with ships he had taken from the Lesbians, he took Lemnos and Imbros, both of which were still inhabited by Pelasgians.

According to Herodotus, this Otanes also married one of Darius' daughters (5.116.1):

"Daurises, Hymaees, and Otanes, all of them Persian generals and married to daughters of Darius, pursued those Ionians who had marched to Sardis, and drove them to their ships. After this victory they divided the cities among themselves and sacked them."

— Herodotus 5.116

"Otanes" is a name given to several figures that appear in the Histories of Herodotus. One or more of these figures may be the same person.

References

  1. ^ Perseus Under Philologic: Hdt. 5.25.1. Archived from the original on 2020-03-10. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
  2. Herodotus, The Histories, Book 5, chapter 25.
  3. Metropolitan Museum of Art
  4. Thronus Iustitiae. British Museum.
  5. Herodotus V, 116

Sources

Achaemenid Satraps of Lydia (546–334 BC)
Rulers in the Achaemenid Empire
Family tree - Achaemenid Kingdom
Kings of Kings
of the Achaemenid Empire
Satraps of Lydia
Satraps of Hellespontine Phrygia
Satraps of Cappadocia
Greek Governors of Asia Minor cities
Dynasts of Lycia
Dynasts of Caria
Kings of Macedonia
Kings of Tyre
Kings of Sidon
Satraps of Armenia
Satraps of Egypt
Satraps of Bactria
Satraps of Media
Satraps of Cilicia
Other known satraps
In most territories, Achaemenid rulers were succeeded by Hellenistic satraps and Hellenistic rulers from around 330 BC
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