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PARP4
Identifiers
Aliases	PARP4, ADPRTL1, ARTD4, PARP-4, PARPL, PH5P, VAULT3, VPARP, VWA5C, p193, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 4
External IDs	OMIM: 607519; MGI: 2685589; HomoloGene: 124423; GeneCards: PARP4; OMA:PARP4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 13 (human) Band 13q12.12 Start 24,420,931 bp End 24,512,778 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse) Band 14|14 C3 Start 56,813,076 bp End 56,897,251 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in rectum duodenum monocyte gallbladder bone marrow cells blood islet of Langerhans transverse colon Achilles tendon endometrium Top expressed in lumbar spinal ganglion granulocyte gastrula transitional epithelium of urinary bladder duodenum muscle of thigh spleen zygote conjunctival fornix thymus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity DNA binding glycosyltransferase activity protein binding enzyme binding NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity protein ADP-ribosylase activity Cellular component cytoplasm membrane spindle spindle microtubule extracellular exosome cytoskeleton nucleus cytosol ribonucleoprotein complex Biological process protein ADP-ribosylation cell death cellular response to DNA damage stimulus inflammatory response DNA repair regulation of telomerase activity transport protein mono-ADP-ribosylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 143 328417 Ensembl ENSG00000102699 ENSMUSG00000054509 UniProt Q9UKK3 E9PYK3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006437 NM_001145978 RefSeq (protein) NP_006428 NP_001139450 Location (UCSC) Chr 13: 24.42 – 24.51 Mb Chr 14: 56.81 – 56.9 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Poly polymerase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP4 gene.

This gene encodes poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase-like 1 protein, which is capable of catalyzing a poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction. This protein has a catalytic domain which is homologous to that of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase, but lacks an N-terminal DNA binding domain which activates the C-terminal catalytic domain of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase. Since this protein is not capable of binding DNA directly, its transferase activity may be activated by other factors such as protein-protein interaction mediated by the extensive carboxyl terminus.

Interactions

PARP4 has been shown to interact with Major vault protein.

References

1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000102699 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000054509 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Still IH, Vince P, Cowell JK (Mar 2000). "Identification of a novel gene (ADPRTL1) encoding a potential Poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase protein". Genomics. 62 (3): 533–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.6024. PMID 10644454.
6. ^ "Entrez Gene: PARP4 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 4".
7. van Zon A, Mossink Marieke H, Schoester Martijn, Scheffer George L, Scheper Rik J, Sonneveld Pieter, Wiemer Erik A C (Mar 2002). "Structural domains of vault proteins: a role for the coiled coil domain in vault assembly". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 291 (3): 535–41. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6472. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 11855821.
8. Kickhoefer VA, Siva A C, Kedersha N L, Inman E M, Ruland C, Streuli M, Rome L H (Sep 1999). "The 193-kD vault protein, VPARP, is a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase". J. Cell Biol. 146 (5): 917–28. doi:10.1083/jcb.146.5.917. ISSN 0021-9525. PMC 2169495. PMID 10477748.

Further reading

• Jean L, Risler JL, Nagase T, et al. (1999). "The nuclear protein PH5P of the inter-alpha-inhibitor superfamily: a missing link between poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and the inter-alpha-inhibitor family and a novel actor of DNA repair?". FEBS Lett. 446 (1): 6–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00173-8. PMID 10100603. S2CID 84807160.
• Soldani C, Scovassi AI (2003). "Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 cleavage during apoptosis: an update". Apoptosis. 7 (4): 321–8. doi:10.1023/A:1016119328968. PMID 12101391. S2CID 23227862.
• Bouchard VJ, Rouleau M, Poirier GG (2003). "PARP-1, a determinant of cell survival in response to DNA damage". Exp. Hematol. 31 (6): 446–54. doi:10.1016/S0301-472X(03)00083-3. PMID 12829019.
• Soares MB, Bonaldo MF, Jelene P, et al. (1994). "Construction and characterization of a normalized cDNA library". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (20): 9228–32. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91.9228S. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.20.9228. PMC 44785. PMID 7937745.
• Nagase T, Seki N, Ishikawa K, et al. (1996). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. V. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0161-KIAA0200) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1". DNA Res. 3 (1): 17–24. doi:10.1093/dnares/3.1.17. PMID 8724849.
• Kickhoefer VA, Siva AC, Kedersha NL, et al. (1999). "The 193-kD vault protein, VPARP, is a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase". J. Cell Biol. 146 (5): 917–28. doi:10.1083/jcb.146.5.917. PMC 2169495. PMID 10477748.
• Kickhoefer VA, Stephen AG, Harrington L, et al. (2000). "Vaults and telomerase share a common subunit, TEP1". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (46): 32712–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.46.32712. PMID 10551828.
• Siva AC, Raval-Fernandes S, Stephen AG, et al. (2001). "Up-regulation of vaults may be necessary but not sufficient for multidrug resistance". Int. J. Cancer. 92 (2): 195–202. doi:10.1002/1097-0215(200102)9999:9999<::AID-IJC1168>3.0.CO;2-7. PMID 11291045.
• van Zon A, Mossink MH, Schoester M, et al. (2001). "Multiple human vault RNAs. Expression and association with the vault complex". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (40): 37715–21. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106055200. PMID 11479319.
• van Zon A, Mossink MH, Schoester M, et al. (2002). "Structural domains of vault proteins: a role for the coiled coil domain in vault assembly". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 291 (3): 535–41. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6472. PMID 11855821.
• Mazzon E, Dugo L, Li JH, et al. (2002). "GPI 6150, a PARP inhibitor, reduces the colon injury caused by dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in the rat". Biochem. Pharmacol. 64 (2): 327–37. doi:10.1016/S0006-2952(02)01075-4. PMID 12123754.
• Liu TJ, Lin SY, Chau YP (2002). "Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation attenuates beta-lapachone-induced necrotic cell death in human osteosarcoma cells". Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 182 (2): 116–25. doi:10.1006/taap.2002.9438. PMID 12140175.
• Nie Z, Phenix BN, Lum JJ, et al. (2003). "HIV-1 protease processes procaspase 8 to cause mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, caspase cleavage and nuclear fragmentation". Cell Death Differ. 9 (11): 1172–84. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401094. PMID 12404116. S2CID 38809690.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Dunham A, Matthews LH, Burton J, et al. (2004). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13". Nature. 428 (6982): 522–8. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..522D. doi:10.1038/nature02379. PMC 2665288. PMID 15057823.
• Liu Y, Snow BE, Kickhoefer VA, et al. (2004). "Vault poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is associated with mammalian telomerase and is dispensable for telomerase function and vault structure in vivo". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (12): 5314–23. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.12.5314-5323.2004. PMC 419898. PMID 15169895.

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