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Para-Yeniseian languages

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Proposed group of extinct languages possibly related to Yeniseian languages
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Para-Yeniseian
Para-Yeniseic
Xiongnu
(proposed)
Geographic
distribution
Siberia, Mongolia, Northern China, North India, Europe
Linguistic classificationDené–Yeniseian?
Subdivisions
Language codes
GlottologNone

Para-Yeniseian is a proposed group of languages that is considered to be an extinct sister branch of the Yeniseian languages. Para-Yeniseian contains a few extinct languages.

Definitions

There are two definitions for Para-Yeniseian:

  • A group of hypothetical languages related to Yeniseian languages attested only through placenames, especially those who cannot be identified with the attested Yeniseian languages.
  • A family including the Xiongnu language and languages which are thought to be closely related to it.

Languages

Others consider these languages as being Pumpokolic or as belonging to other language families.

References

  1. Quiles, Carlos (2021-04-23). "Proto-Yeniseian Homeland". Indo-European.eu. Retrieved 2022-12-05.
  2. Vovin, Alexander. "Did the Xiongnu speak a Yeniseian language? Part 2: Vocabulary". Academia.
  3. Vovin, Alexander. "Did the Xiongnu speak a Yeniseian language?". Central Asiatic Journal 44/1 (2000), pp. 87-104.
  4. Vovin, Alexander; Vajda, Edward; de la Vaissière, Etienne (2016). "Who Were the *Kjet (羯) and What Language Did They Speak?". Journal Asiatique. 304 (1): 125–144. doi:10.2143/JA.304.1.3146838.
Yeniseian languages
Ketic
Kottic
Arinic
Pumpokolic
Para-Yeniseian?
Reconstructed
Italics indicate extinct languages.
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