Peptidyl-glutamate 4-carboxylase

Peptidyl-glutamate 4-carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.90, vitamin K-dependent carboxylase, gamma-glutamyl carboxylase) is an enzyme with systematic name peptidyl-glutamate 4-carboxylase (2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone-epoxidizing). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

peptidyl-4-carboxyglutamate + 2,3-epoxyphylloquinone + H₂O

\rightleftharpoons

peptidyl-glutamate + CO₂ + O₂ + phylloquinone

The enzyme can use various vitamin-K derivatives, including menaquinone.

References

Dowd P, Hershline R, Ham SW, Naganathan S (September 1995). "Vitamin K and energy transduction: a base strength amplification mechanism". Science. 269 (5231): 1684–91. doi:10.1126/science.7569894. PMID 7569894.
Furie B, Bouchard BA, Furie BC (March 1999). "Vitamin K-dependent biosynthesis of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid". Blood. 93 (6): 1798–808. doi:10.1182/blood.V93.6.1798.406k22_1798_1808. PMID 10068650.
Rishavy MA, Hallgren KW, Yakubenko AV, Shtofman RL, Runge KW, Berkner KL (November 2006). "Brønsted analysis reveals Lys218 as the carboxylase active site base that deprotonates vitamin K hydroquinone to initiate vitamin K-dependent protein carboxylation". Biochemistry. 45 (44): 13239–48. doi:10.1021/bi0609523. PMID 17073445.
Silva PJ, Ramos MJ (November 2007). "Reaction mechanism of the vitamin K-dependent glutamate carboxylase: a computational study". The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 111 (44): 12883–7. doi:10.1021/jp0738208. PMID 17935315.
Decottignies-Le Maréchal P, Ducrocq C, Marquet A, Azerad R (December 1984). "The stereochemistry of hydrogen abstraction in vitamin K-dependent carboxylation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 259 (24): 15010–2. PMID 6150930.
Dubois J, Dugave C, Fourès C, Kaminsky M, Tabet JC, Bory S, Gaudry M, Marquet A (October 1991). "Vitamin K dependent carboxylation: determination of the stereochemical course using 4-fluoroglutamyl-containing substrate". Biochemistry. 30 (43): 10506–12. doi:10.1021/bi00107a020. PMID 1931973.

External links

Peptidyl-glutamate+4-carboxylase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

v t e Carbon–carbon lyases (EC 4.1)
4.1.1: Carboxy-lyases	Acetoacetate decarboxylase Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase Arginine decarboxylase Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase Glutamate decarboxylase Histidine decarboxylase Lysine decarboxylase Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase Ornithine decarboxylase Oxaloacetate decarboxylase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase Pyruvate decarboxylase RuBisCO Uridine monophosphate synthetase/Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase
4.1.2: Aldehyde-lyases	Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase Aldolase A Aldolase B Aldolase C 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase Threonine aldolase
4.1.3: Oxo-acid-lyases	Isocitrate lyase 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase
4.1.99: Other	Tryptophanase Photolyase CPD lyase Spore photoproduct lyase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

Portal:

Biology

Category:

EC 4.1.1