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Petrobrusians were a 12th century sect that rejected infant baptism, Catholic mass, veneration of the cross and prayers for the dead. Petrobrusians are sometimes identified as a precursor to the reformation.

Teachings

In the system of Peter of Bruys baptism is necessary for salvation, however only a baptism that is done on believers. Petrobrusians saw the cross as a symbol of Christ's suffering, thus they cannot be venerated, and Petrobrusians destroyed crosses into bonfires, in the theology of Peter the gospels were interpreted literally, however the New Testament epistles were subordinate to the gospels. In Petrobrusian theology there was also a low view of the Old Testament, but not a full rejection. The Petrobrusians were iconoclasts, they rejected transubstantiation and the mass as a sacrifice.

Comparison to Catharism

Some have attempted to identify Cathar influence in Petrobrusians, but such views have been criticized. The Petrobrusians and Cathars had some similarities, which is why Döllinger identified them as Cathars, the similarities include: rejection of infant baptism, rejection of the veneration of the cross, rejection of transubstantiation, the Petrobrusians also held a low view of the Old Testament, but not a full rejection of the Old Testament. But against the claim that the Petrobrusians were Cathars, there are no existing sources that identify dualism or Manichaeian ascetism in the Petrobrusians, the Petrobrusians also had no hostility to marriage, unlike the Cathars had.

References

1. "Definition of PETROBRUSIAN". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2021-11-25.
2. Kim, Elijah Jong Fil (2012-04-06). The Rise of the Global South: The Decline of Western Christendom and the Rise of Majority World Christianity. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 201. ISBN 978-1-61097-970-2. Peter bruys became one of the earliest leaders of the Reformation, rejecting images, infant baptism,
3. "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Petrobrusians". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 2021-11-25.
4. ^ History, American Society of Church (1892). Papers of the American Society of Church History. American Society of Church History.
5. Reagan, Joseph Cowley (1927). "Did the Petrobrusians Teach Salvation by Faith Alone?". The Journal of Religion. 7 (1): 81–91. doi:10.1086/480637. ISSN 0022-4189. JSTOR 1195227. S2CID 170351805.

v t e Proto-Protestantism
400–1100 AD	People Jovinian Claudius of Turin Gottschalk of Orbais Ratramnus Berengar of Tours Sects and groups Pataria Berengarians
1100–1400 AD	People Tanchelm Peter of Bruys Henry of Lausanne Arnold of Brescia Peter Waldo Milíč of Kroměříž John Wycliffe Matthias of Janov Marsilius of Padua Sects and groups Arnoldists Waldensians Lollardy Strigolniki Friends of God Petrobrusians
1400–1500 AD	People Jan Hus Jan Žižka Mikuláš of Pelhřimov Petr Chelčický Johannes von Goch Johann Ruchrat von Wesel Wessel Gansfort Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples Lorenzo Valla Girolamo Savonarola Luke of Prague Sects and groups Bohemian Reformation Hussites Taborites Utraquism Czech Brethren Piagnoni
Events	Oldcastle Revolt Hussite Wars Compacts of Basel Peace of Kutná Hora Mérindol massacre Savoyard–Waldensian wars Piedmontese Easter
Literature	Wycliffe Bible Hussite Bible Jistebnice hymn book Ecclesiae Regimen Twelve Conclusions of the Lollards Triumph of the Cross (Girolamo Savonarola)
Other	Comparison of Catharism and Protestantism
Italics indicate their inclusion to be controversial or disputed.

• Former Christian denominations
• Heresy in Christianity in the Middle Ages