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Phoenicurus
Black redstart (Phoenicurus ochruros)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Muscicapidae
Subfamily:	Saxicolinae
Genus:	Phoenicurus Forster, T, 1817
Type species
Phoenicurus ruticilla = Motacilla phoenicurus T. Forster, 1817

Phoenicurus is a genus of passerine birds in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa. They are named redstarts from their orange-red tails ('start' is an old name for a tail). They are small insectivores, the males mostly brightly coloured in various combinations of red, blue, white, and black, the females light brown with a red tail. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2010 led to a reorganization of the Old World flycatchers family in which the two species in Rhyacornis and the single species in Chaimarrornis were merged into Phoenicurus.

The genus Phoenicurus was introduced by the English naturalist Thomas Forster in 1817. The type species (by tautonymy) is the common redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus). The name Phoenicurus is from Ancient Greek φοινιξ (phoinix), "(Phoenician) crimson/purple" (see also Tyrian purple), and ουροσ (-ouros) -"tailed".

The genus contains the following species:

• Przevalski's redstart (Phoenicurus alaschanicus)
• Eversmann's redstart (Phoenicurus erythronotus)
• Blue-capped redstart (Phoenicurus coeruleocephala)
• Black redstart (Phoenicurus ochruros)
• Common redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus)
• Hodgson's redstart (Phoenicurus hodgsoni)
• White-throated redstart (Phoenicurus schisticeps)
• Daurian redstart (Phoenicurus auroreus)
• Moussier's redstart (Phoenicurus moussieri)
• Güldenstädt's redstart (Phoenicurus erythrogastrus)
• Blue-fronted redstart (Phoenicurus frontalis)
• Plumbeous water redstart (Phoenicurus fuliginosus) (previously in the genus Rhyacornis)
• Luzon water redstart (Phoenicurus bicolor) (previously in the genus Rhyacornis)
• White-capped redstart (Phoenicurus leucocephalus) (previously in the monotypic genus Chaimarrornis)

Fossil record

• †Phoenicurus erikai (Pliocene of Csarnota, Hungary).
• †Phoenicurus baranensis (Pliocene of Beremend, Hungary).

References

1. "Muscicapidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
2. Collar, N.J. (2005). "Phoenicurus". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D.A. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 10: Cuckoo-shrikes to Thrushes. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. pp. 769–773. ISBN 978-84-87334-72-6.
3. Sangster, G.; Alström, P.; Forsmark, E.; Olsson, U. (2010). "Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 57 (1): 380–392. Bibcode:2010MolPE..57..380S. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.07.008. PMID 20656044.
4. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Chats, Old World flycatchers". World Bird List Version 6.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
5. Forster, Thomas (1817). A Synoptical Catalogue of British Birds. London: Nichols, Son, and Bentley. p. 53.
6. Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds. (1960). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 74.
7. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 304. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4..
8. ^ Kessler, E. (2013). "Neogene songbirds (Aves, Passeriformes) from Hungary". Hantkeniana. 8: 37–149.

Further reading

• Voelker, G.; Semenov, G.; Fadeev, I.V.; Blick, A.; Drovetski, S.V. (2015). "The biogeographic history of Phoenicurus redstarts reveals an allopatric mode of speciation and an out-of-Himalayas colonization pattern". Systematics and Biodiversity. 13 (3): 296–305. Bibcode:2015SyBio..13..296V. doi:10.1080/14772000.2014.992380. S2CID 85340881.

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