| Hưng Yên City Thành phố Hưng YênDinh Hiến | |
|---|---|
| City (Class-3) | |
 A landspace of the central square. | |
 Seal | |
| Nickname(s): "Hiến Palace" (Dinh Hiến) | |
| Country |  Vietnam |
| Region | Red River Delta |
| Province | Hưng Yên |
| Establishment | X century |
| Central agency | M357+V85, Triệu Quang Phục road, Lê Lợi ward, Hưng Yên city |
| Government | |
| • Type | City |
| • People Committee's Chairman | Nguyễn Khả Phúc |
| • People Council's Chairman | Lương Công Chanh |
| • Front Committee's Chairman | Đào Đức Hùng |
| • Party Committee's Secretary | Phạm Huy Bình |
| Area | |
| • City (Class-3) | 7,389 km (2,853 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • City (Class-3) | 118,646 |
| • Density | 1,606/km (4,160/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 53,638 |
| • Metro | 65,008 |
| • Ethnicities | Kinh Tanka |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (Indochina Time) |
| ZIP code | 17000 |
| Climate | Cwa |
| Website | ThanhphoHungyen.gov.vn |
Hưng Yên (listen) is a city in Vietnam. It is the provincial capital of Hưng Yên Province and is a third-graded city according to Vietnam's city classification table.
History
Hưng Yên city was originally the expansion of Phố Hiến (Hiến Street), a river port that appeared earliest in the 16th century.
Phố Hiến has a position as a place where Sơn Nam garrison's government was located. However, its area ws relatively small. It only consists of a public authority, Xích Đằng Literary Temple and a few markets. During several centuries, this location was an important gateway of the commercial platform in Đông Kinh.
It was not until the French set a protective regime that Phố Hiến was expanded to Hưng Yên town (thị xã Hưng Yên).
Geography
Topography
According to the 2021 statistical yearbook of the whole Hưng Yên province, Hưng Yên city covers an area of 73,89 km. Currently, it was divided such as :
- 6 wards : An Tảo, Hiến Nam, Hồng Châu, Lam Sơn, Lê Lợi, Minh Khai.
- 12 communes : Bảo Khê, Hoàng Hanh, Hùng Cường, Liên Phương, Phú Cường, Phương Nam, Quảng Châu, Tân Hưng, Trung Nghĩa.
Hưng Yên is a delta municipality. The entire area of Hưng Yên city is almost flat, which tends to be sunken from the Northeast to the Southwest. It is located in the farthest position to the South of Hưng Yên province, where adjacent to the Red River, about 60 km away from Hanoi. Besides, Hưng Yên owns two sediment isles near the territory of Hanoi, where includes communes Phú Cường and Hùng Cường.
Hưng Yên borders Kim Động district to the North and Tiên Lữ district to the East. The Red River is the natural boundary between Hưng Yên and Hà Nam province's Lý Nhân district and Duy Tiên district. National Route 38 and Yên Lệnh bridge connect the city to National Route 1st across the Red River.
Population
As of 2021 Hưng Yên city had a population of 118,646. In particular, all people are registered as Kẻ Kinh.
Culture
In terms of beliefs and history, the area of Phố Hiến is considered one of the "cradles" of the Catholic Church in Vietnam.
According to the historical document of the Roman Catholic Church and some records of Annamese officials, Bishop Pierre Lambert de la Motte had summoned the first Đàng-ngoày Council (Công-đồng Đàng-ngoày) here in 1670, and that event was considered as the beginning of the Christian history in the whole Hưng Yên province. Therefore, since December 23, 1673, Hưng Yên city has been considered a traditional address to have the regular meetings of Dinh-Hiến Council (Công-đồng Dinh-Hiến), under order Apostolatus Officium by Pope Clement X.
Currently, the territory of Hưng Yên city is part to Đông Hưng Yên Deanery, belonged to Thái Bình Cathedral Diocese.
Tourism
The city is well-known in the world (especially among historians) for Phố Hiến (an ancient port-city located in the area). There are still a lot of ancient Asian church, temples, pagodas and other religious buildings here.
Nhãn lồng (fruit of dragon eye) is one of Hưng Yên's specialties.
Climate
| Climate data for Hưng Yên | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.0 (89.6) |
33.6 (92.5) |
37.6 (99.7) |
41.2 (106.2) |
39.4 (102.9) |
40.5 (104.9) |
40.5 (104.9) |
38.7 (101.7) |
36.6 (97.9) |
36.4 (97.5) |
34.5 (94.1) |
31.8 (89.2) |
41.2 (106.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 19.5 (67.1) |
20.1 (68.2) |
22.6 (72.7) |
27.0 (80.6) |
31.1 (88.0) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.8 (91.0) |
31.9 (89.4) |
30.8 (87.4) |
28.7 (83.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
21.7 (71.1) |
27.0 (80.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.2 (61.2) |
17.3 (63.1) |
19.9 (67.8) |
23.7 (74.7) |
27.1 (80.8) |
28.9 (84.0) |
29.1 (84.4) |
28.4 (83.1) |
27.2 (81.0) |
24.8 (76.6) |
21.4 (70.5) |
17.9 (64.2) |
23.5 (74.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) |
15.4 (59.7) |
18.0 (64.4) |
21.6 (70.9) |
24.4 (75.9) |
26.1 (79.0) |
26.5 (79.7) |
25.9 (78.6) |
24.8 (76.6) |
22.2 (72.0) |
18.7 (65.7) |
15.2 (59.4) |
21.1 (70.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) |
5.3 (41.5) |
6.6 (43.9) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.5 (61.7) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.6 (69.1) |
21.8 (71.2) |
16.5 (61.7) |
12.5 (54.5) |
8.4 (47.1) |
4.8 (40.6) |
4.8 (40.6) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 27.1 (1.07) |
25.1 (0.99) |
46.8 (1.84) |
86.4 (3.40) |
174.1 (6.85) |
206.2 (8.12) |
220.2 (8.67) |
277.1 (10.91) |
252.5 (9.94) |
169.2 (6.66) |
71.7 (2.82) |
23.6 (0.93) |
1,580.7 (62.23) |
| Average rainy days | 9.1 | 12.4 | 16.6 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 15.7 | 13.6 | 10.7 | 7.2 | 5.6 | 145.0 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84.3 | 87.1 | 89.2 | 89.1 | 85.6 | 83.1 | 83.8 | 86.7 | 86.2 | 83.7 | 82.2 | 81.5 | 85.2 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 69.1 | 41.4 | 44.4 | 88.9 | 178.3 | 174.0 | 192.4 | 168.0 | 166.1 | 155.5 | 131.4 | 112.2 | 1,521.8 |
| Source: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology | |||||||||||||
See also
Notes and references
- Statistical Office of Hưng Yên Province, Statistical Year of Hưng Yên Province 2020, Item of Population, Page 155, July 17, 2021.
- Journey to Phố Hiến, the cradle of the Vietnamese Church (vi)
- Viet-Nam by Nhung Tuyet Tran, Anthony Reid p.222
- An Empire Divided by James Patrick Daughton, p.31
- Asia in the Making of Europe, p.229-230
- Missions étrangères de Paris. 350 ans au service du Christ 2008 Editeurs Malesherbes Publications, Paris ISBN 978-2-916828-10-7
- Nhóm Nghiên cứu Linh đạo Mến Thánh giá, ed. (2020). "350 Năm Dòng Mến Thánh Giá : Cuộc đời Đức cha Pierre Lambert De La Motte". Catholic Bishops' Conference of Vietnam.
- "Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology" (PDF).
Further reading
Bibliography
- George Coedes. The Making of South East Asia, 2nd ed. University of California Press, 1983.
- Trần Ngọc Thêm. Cơ sở văn hóa Việt Nam (The Foundation of Vietnamese Culture), 504 pages. Publishing by Nhà xuất bản Đại học Tổng hợp TPHCM. Saigon, Vietnam, 1995.
- Li Tana (2011). Jiaozhi (Giao Chỉ) in the Han period Tongking Gulf. In Cooke, Nola ; Li Tana ; Anderson, James A. (eds.). The Tongking Gulf Through History. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 39–44. ISBN 9780812205022.
- Li Tana, Towards an environmental history of the eastern Red River Delta, Vietnam, c.900–1400, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 2014.
- Samuel Baron, Christoforo Borri, Olga Dror, Keith W. Taylor (2018). Views of Seventeenth-Century Vietnam : Christoforo Borri on Cochinchina and Samuel Baron on Tonkin. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-1-501-72090-1.
- Nghị quyết số 1248/NQ-UBTVQH15 của Ủy ban Thường vụ Quốc hội về việc sắp xếp đơn vị hành chính cấp xã của tỉnh Hưng Yên giai đoạn 2023 – 2025 (vi)
| Districts of the Red River Delta | ||
|---|---|---|
| Hanoi city |
|  |
| Haiphong city | ||
| Bắc Ninh province | ||
| Hà Nam province | ||
| Hải Dương province |
| |
| Hưng Yên province | ||
| Nam Định province | ||
| Ninh Bình province | ||
| Thái Bình province | ||
| Vĩnh Phúc province | ||
| denotes provincial seat. | ||