Phosphatidylcholine desaturase

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phosphatidylcholine desaturase

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In enzymology, a phosphatidylcholine desaturase (EC 1.14.19.22, previously EC 1.3.1.35) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + NAD

\rightleftharpoons

1-acyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + NADH + H

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and NAD, whereas its 3 products are 1-acyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, NADH, and H.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-CH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine:NAD+ Delta12-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include oleate desaturase, linoleate synthase, oleoyl-CoA desaturase, and oleoylphosphatidylcholine desaturase.

References

Pugh EL, Kates M (March 1975). "Characterization of a membrane-bound phospholipid desaturase system of candida lipolytica". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism. 380 (3): 442–53. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(75)90112-5. PMID 166662.
Slack CR, Roughan PG, Browse J (June 1979). "Evidence for an oleoyl phosphatidylcholine desaturase in microsomal preparations from cotyledons of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seed". The Biochemical Journal. 179 (3): 649–56. doi:10.1042/bj1790649. PMC 1186674. PMID 475773.
Stymne S, Appelqvist LA (October 1978). "The biosynthesis of linoleate from oleoyl-CoA via oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine in microsomes of developing safflower seeds". European Journal of Biochemistry. 90 (2): 223–9. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12594.x. PMID 710426.

v t e Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)
1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase HIF prolyl-hydroxylase EGLN1 EGLN2 EGLN3 P4HTM Lysyl hydroxylase AlkB ALKBH1 FTO
1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO1 FMO2 FMO3 FMO4 FMO5 Nitric oxide synthase NOS1 NOS2 NOS3 Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase Methane monooxygenase 3A4 14α-demethylase 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase
1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 2D6 2E1
1.14.15: reduced iron–sulfur protein	11B1 11B2 11A1
1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Tryptophan hydroxylase
1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta-hydroxylase
1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) Squalene monooxygenase 17A1 21A2 Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase Deoxyhypusine monooxygenase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

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