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In enzymology, a pinene synthase (EC 4.2.3.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

geranyl diphosphate ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ pinene + diphosphate

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, geranyl diphosphate, and two products, pinene and diphosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The systematic name of this enzyme class is geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, pinene-forming). Other names in common use include beta-geraniolene synthase, (−)-(1S,5S)-pinene synthase, and geranyldiphosphate diphosphate lyase (pinene forming). This enzyme participates in monoterpenoid biosynthesis.

References

• Bohlmann J, Steele CL, Croteau R (1997). "Monoterpene synthases from grand fir (Abies grandis). cDNA isolation, characterization, and functional expression of myrcene synthase, (−)-(4S)-limonene synthase, and (−)-(1S,5S)-pinene synthase". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (35): 21784–21792. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.35.21784. PMID 9268308.
• Gijzen M, Lewinsohn E, Croteau R (1991). "Characterization of the constitutive and wound-inducible monoterpene cyclases of grand fir (Abies grandis)". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 289 (2): 267–273. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(91)90471-T. PMID 1898071.
• Wagschal KC, Pyun HJ, Coates RM, Croteau R (1994). "Monoterpene biosynthesis: isotope effects associated with bicyclic olefin formation catalyzed by pinene synthases from sage (Salvia officinalis)". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 308 (2): 477–487. doi:10.1006/abbi.1994.1068. PMID 8109978.

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