Reference ranges for urine tests

Reference ranges
In: Blood Urine CSF Feces Vital signs
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Reference ranges for urine tests are described below:

Measurement	Lower limit	Upper limit	Unit
Urinary specific gravity	1.003	1.030	g/mL
Urobilinogen	0.2	1.0	Ehrlich units or mg/dL
Free catecholamines, dopamine	90	420	μg/d
Red blood cells (RBCs)	0	2 - 3	per High Power Field (HPF)
RBC casts	n/a	0 / negative
White blood cells (WBCs)	0	2
pH	5	7	(unitless)
Protein	0	trace amounts
Glucose	n/a	0 / negative
Ketones	n/a	0 / negative
Bilirubin	n/a	0 / negative
Blood	n/a	0 / negative
Nitrite	n/a	0 / negative
Leukocytes	n/a	0 / negative

References

^ Simerville JA, Maxted WC, Pahira JJ (March 2005). "Urinalysis: a comprehensive review". American Family Physician. 71 (6): 1153–62. PMID 15791892.
^ Normal Reference Range Table from The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. Used in Interactive Case Study Companion to Pathologic basis of disease.
^ "University of Colorado Laboratory Reference Ranges". Retrieved 2008-10-21.
^ "medical.history.interview: Lab Values". Retrieved 2008-10-21.

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Components and results of urine tests

Components

Chemical properties

Abnormal findings

Red blood cells	Hematuria (Microscopic hematuria)
White blood cells	Eosinophiluria
Proteinuria	Albuminuria/Microalbuminuria Albumin/creatinine ratio Urine protein/creatinine ratio Myoglobinuria Hemoglobinuria Bence Jones protein
Small molecules	Glycosuria Ketonuria Bilirubinuria Hyperuricosuria Aminoaciduria
Other	Bacteriuria Chyluria Crystalluria