Misplaced Pages

Rhamnogalacturonan-II

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
(Redirected from Rhamnogalacturonan II)
Structure of rhamnogalacturonan II in SNFG format

Rhamnogalacturonan-II (RG-II) is a complex polysaccharide component of pectin that is found in the primary cell walls of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants and gymnosperms. It is supposed to be crucial for the plant cell wall integrity. RG-II is also likely to be present in the walls of some lower plants (ferns, horsetails, and lycopods). Its global structure is conserved across vascular plants, albeit a number of variations within the RGII side chains have been observed between different plants. RG-II is composed of 12 different glycosyl residues including D-rhamnose, D-apiose, D-galactose, L-galactose, Kdo, D-galacturonic acid, L-arabinose, D-xylose, and L-aceric acid, linked together by at least 21 distinct glycosidic linkages. Some resides are further modified via methylation and acetylation. It moreover supports borate mediated cross-linking between different RGII side-chain apiosyl residues. The backbone consists of a linear polymer of alpha-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosiduronic acid. RG-II can be isolated from different sources, such as apple juice and red wine.

The gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron has a polysaccharide utilization locus that contains enzymes that allows deconstruction of rhamnogalacturonan-II, cleaving all but 1 of its 21 distinct glycosidic linkages.

See also

References

  1. O'Neill, MA; Ishii, T; Albersheim, P; Darvill, AG (2004). "Rhamnogalacturonan II: structure and function of a borate cross-linked cell wall pectic polysaccharide". Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 55: 109–139. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141750. PMID 15377216.
  2. Pabst, Martin; Fischl, Richard M.; Brecker, Lothar; Morelle, Willy; Fauland, Alexander; Köfeler, Harald; Altmann, Friedrich; Léonard, Renaud (July 2013). "Rhamnogalacturonan II structure shows variation in the side chains monosaccharide composition and methylation status within and across different plant species". The Plant Journal. 76 (1): 61–72. doi:10.1111/tpj.12271. PMID 23802881.
  3. Pellerin, Patrice; Doco, Thierry; Vida, Stéphane; Williams, Pascale; Brillouet, Jean-Marc; O'Neill, Malcolm A (1996). "Structural characterization of red wine rhamnogalacturonan II". Carbohydrate Research. 290 (2): 183–97. doi:10.1016/0008-6215(96)00139-5. PMID 8823907.
  4. Ndeh, Didier (2017). "Complex pectin metabolism by gut bacteria reveals novel catalytic functions". Nature. 544 (7648): 65–70. Bibcode:2017Natur.544...65N. doi:10.1038/nature21725. PMC 5388186. PMID 28329766.


Stub icon

This article about an organic compound is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

Categories: