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SAO 206462 is a young binary star, surrounded by a circumstellar disc of gas and clearly defined spiral arms. It is situated about 440 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Lupus. The presence of these spiral arms seems to be related to the existence of planets inside the disk of gas surrounding the star. The disk's diameter is about twice the size of the orbit of Pluto.

Discovery

The discovery of this object was presented in October 2011 by Carol Grady, astronomer of Eureka Scientific, headquartered in the Goddard Space Flight Center at NASA. It was the first of this class that exhibited a high degree of clarity and was made using several space telescopes (Hubble, FUSE, Spitzer) and earth telescopes (Gemini Observatory and Subaru Telescope, situated in Hawaii), through an international research program of young stars and of stars with planets. A number of astronomers of different observatories collaborated.

Planetary system

The pair of spiral arms around SAO 206462 have a rotation rate of −0.85 degrees per year, which are thought to be caused by a dynamically driving protoplanet within the disk, at a distance of 66±3 astronomical units and an orbital period of 424±25 years. This planet should be a challenge to be detected using direct imaging due to the presence of dust particles obscuring it, but could be detected and confirmed via high-resolucion spectroscopic observations.

Another planet candidate around SAO 206462 has been detected using observations of the JWST's NIRCam imaging instrument, with low signal-to-noise ratio, a mass of 0.8±0.3 M_J and a separation of 300 astronomical units. It has been dubbed CC1 (Companion candidate 1). Objects more massive than 2.2 M_J at distance of 120 AU have been ruled out by the observations.

References

1. ^ Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
2. ^ "SAO 206462". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
3. Guzmán-Díaz, J.; Mendigutía, I.; Montesinos, B.; Oudmaijer, R. D.; Vioque, M.; Rodrigo, C.; Solano, E.; Meeus, G.; Marcos-Arenal, P. (2021), "Homogeneous study of Herbig Ae/Be stars from spectral energy distributions and Gaia EDR3", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 650: A182, arXiv:2104.11759, Bibcode:2021A&A...650A.182G, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039519, S2CID 233393918
4. http://informe21.com/ciencia-tecnologia/nasa-capta-fotografia-sao-206462-primera-estrella-forma-espiral La NASA capta una fotografía de SAO 206462, la primera estrella con forma espiral] Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine. Informe21.com, 3 November 2011
5. https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2011/31oct_spiralarms/ 31 October 2011. Nasa Science.
6. Grady, C. A.; Schneider, G.; Sitko, M. L.; Williger, G. M.; Hamaguchi, K.; Brittain, S. D.; Ablordeppey, K.; Apai, D.; Beerman, L.; Carpenter, W. J.; Collins, K. A.; Fukagawa, M.; Hammel, H. B.; Henning, Th.; Hines, D.; Kimes, R.; Lynch, D. K.; Ménard, F.; Pearson, R.; Russell, R. W.; Silverstone, M.; Smith, P. S.; Troutman, M.; Wilner, D.; Woodgate, B.; Clampin, M. (2009). "Revealing the Structure of a Pre-Transitional Disk: The Case of the Herbig F Star SAO 206462 (HD 135344B)". The Astrophysical Journal. 699 (2): 1822. Bibcode:2009ApJ...699.1822G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/1822. S2CID 9298646.
7. ^ Xie, Chen; Xie, Chengyan; Ren, Bin B.; Benisty, Myriam; Ginski, Christian; Fang, Taotao; Casassus, Simon; Bae, Jaehan; Facchini, Stefano (2024-12-18). "Disk Evolution Study Through Imaging of Nearby Young Stars (DESTINYS): Dynamical Evidence of a Spiral-Arm-Driving and Gap-Opening Protoplanet from SAO 206462 Spiral Motion". arXiv:2412.14402.
8. ^ Cugno, Gabriele; Leisenring, Jarron; Wagner, Kevin R.; Mullin, Camryn; Dong, Roubing; Greene, Thomas; Johnstone, Doug; Meyer, Michael R.; Wolff, Schuyler G. (2024-01-05). "JWST/NIRCam Imaging of Young Stellar Objects. II. Deep Constraints on Giant Planets and a Planet Candidate Outside of the Spiral Disk Around SAO 206462". arXiv:2401.02834.

v t e Constellation of Lupus
List of stars in Lupus Lupus in Chinese astronomy
Stars	Bayer α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ κ λ μ ν ν ξ ξ ο π ρ σ τ τ υ φ φ χ ψ ψ ω Flamsteed 1 (i) 2 (f) Variable RU EX GG GQ HR II IL IM KT (d) V407 HR 5364 5401 5651 (e) 5724 (k) 5825 (g) 5943 5967 HD 134004 142527 Other Gliese 588 HIP 70849 Lupus-TR-3 SAO 206462 SSSPM J1549-3544 WASP-132
Exoplanets GQ Lupi b HIP 70849 b Lupus-TR-3b WASP-178b
Star clusters NGC 5749 NGC 5822 NGC 5824 NGC 5927 NGC 5986
Nebulae IC 4406 NGC 5882
Galaxies NGC 5643
Category

• Lupus (constellation)
• Astronomical objects discovered in 2011
• Astrophysics
• F-type main-sequence stars
• Durchmusterung objects