This is a list of former German colonies owned by states of Germany:
Holy Roman Empire and German Confederation
Brandenburg-Prussia
- Groß Friedrichsburg (in Ghana), 1683–1718
- Arguin (in Mauritania), 1685–1721
Duchy of Courland
Main article: Curonian colonisation- Curlander Gambia 1651–1660, 1660–1661
- Neu-Kurland (on Tobago) 1642–1650, 1654–1659, 1660–1666
Free City of Augsburg
Main article: Welser family- Klein-Venedig (in Venezuela), 1528–1545
County of Hanau
- Hanauish-Indies, Planned in 1669 but later canceled in 1672
House of Ascania
Main article: Frederick Ferdinand, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen- Neu-Askania, 1828–1856
German Empire
Main article: German colonial empireAfrica
Main article: German colonization of Africa
The following were German African protectorates:
- Kionga Triangle, 1894–1916
- German South West Africa, 1884–1915
- German West Africa, 1884–1915
- Togoland, 1884–1916
- Kamerun, from 1884–1916
- Kapitaï and Koba, 1884–1885
- Mahinland, March 11, 1885 – October 24, 1885
- German East Africa, 1885–1918
- Witu Protectorate, 1885–1890
- German Somali Coast, 1885–1888
- German Congo, 1884–1885
- German Katanga, 1886
- Gwandu Protectorate, 1895–1897
- Gulmu Protectorate, 1895–1897
- German South Africa, 1884–1885
China
These treaty ports were German concessions in China, leased to it by the Qing dynasty:
- Kiautschou Bay concession, 1898–1914
- German concession in Tientsin, 1895–1917
- German concession in Hankou, 1895–1917
- Chefoo, 1901–1914
- German Peking Legation, 1900–1917
Pacific
These were German colonies established in the Pacific:
- German New Guinea, 1884–1919
- Kaiser-Wilhelmsland, 1885–1914
- Bismarck Archipelago, 1885–1914
- German Solomon Islands Protectorate, 1885–1914
- Bougainville Island, 1885–1914
- Buka Island, 1885–1914
- Choiseul Island, 1885–1900
- Shortland Islands, 1885–1900
- Santa Isabel Island, 1885–1900
- Nauru, 1906–1914
- Northern Mariana Islands, 1899–1914
- Caroline Islands, 1899–1914
- Palau Islands, 1899–1914
- Marshall Islands, 1906–1914
- German Samoa, 1900–1914
- Protectorate of the Marshall Islands, 1885–1906
- Nauru, 1888–1906
Nazi Germany
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- Poland (1939-1945)
- Netherlands, 1940–1945
- Norway, 1940–1945
- Belgium and Northern France, 1944
- Ukraine, 1940–1944
- Ostland, 1941–1945
See also
- Ernst Thälmann Island
- German colonial projects before 1871
- German colonization of the Americas
- Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty
- Klein-Venedig
- New Swabia
- Postage stamps and postal history of the German colonies
References
- O'Sullivan, Rachel (19 October 2023). Nazi Germany, Annexed Poland and Colonial Rule: Resettlement, Germanization and Population Policies in Comparative Perspective. Modern History of Politics and Violence. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 9781350377240. Retrieved 4 January 2025.
External links
Media related to Former colonies of Germany at Wikimedia Commons- German colonies (in German)
- WorldStatesmen
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