| Abbas Mirza Mosque | |
|---|---|
 Illustration of the former mosque, in 1917 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Twelver Shia Islam (former) |
| Ecclesiastical or organizational status |
|
| Status | Abandoned; and destroyed |
| Location | |
| Location | Yerevan |
| Country | Armenia |
  Location of the destroyed mosque in modern-day Armenia | |
| Geographic coordinates | 40°10′19″N 44°30′13″E / 40.171806°N 44.503611°E / 40.171806; 44.503611 |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Mosque architecture |
| Style | |
| Completed |
|
| Destroyed | 1988 |
The Abbas Mirza Mosque (Armenian: Աբաս Միրզայի մզկիթ, romanized: Abas Mirzayi mzkit; Persian: مسجد عباس میرزا) was a nineteenth-century Twelver Shia Islam mosque, that was located in what is modern-day Yerevan, Armenia. Built in c. 1817 in Qajar Iran, the mosque was destroyed by communists in 1988.
Prior to the mosque's construction, a 17th-century mosque existed on the same site.
History
First mosque
The Shah Abbas Mosque, also known as Sardar Mosque, was a 17th-century mosque built in Erivan, during the rule of the Iranian Safavid king (Shah) Abbas I (the Great). The Shah Abbas Mosque in Ganja, was built at the same time.
Along with the Rajab-Pasha Mosque, a Sunni mosque, the Shia Shah Abbas Mosque was one of the two major mosques built inside the walls of the Erivan Fortress. The demise of this mosque is not known.
Second mosque
Between 1807 and 1817, the mosque was rebuilt during the reign of the last khan (governor) of the Erivan Khanate, Huseyn Khan. It was named Abbas Mirza Jami, after the Qajar crown prince Abbas Mirza, the son of Fat′h-Ali Shah. Abbas Mizra was aged approximately 20 years at the time of the mosque's construction, believed to be c. 1810. The mosque was also built within the Erivan Fortress grounds.
The façade of mosque was covered in green and blue glass, reflecting Persian architectural styles.
After the Capture of Erivan by the Russians and their victory in the Russo-Persian War, the mosque was used as an arsenal, and barracks. H. F. B. Lynch described what he saw of the former mosque in his 1901 book:
From this kiosque we may make our way to the adjoining mosque of the fortress, which is now no longer frequented by the faithful. It stands a little east of the old palace; the interior beneath the spacious dome is decorated with much skill by means of little bricks of many colours. The great court is already ruinous. An old henna-stained attendant informed us that it was erected in the reign of Fath Ali Shah and that it was known as the Abbas Mirza Jami. Walls and palace and mosque are, I conclude, already doomed.
— H. F. B. Lynch, 1901.
During the Soviet era, the mosque, along with Christian buildings, was derelict. The only preserved item of the former mosque is the frame of the building.
Gallery
-
The mosque in 1899
-
The mosque in late 19th century
-
Remains of mosque in 1925
.jpg)
See also
Notes
- Derived from the Palace of Sardar.
References
- ^ Lynch, Harry F. B. (1901). Armenia: Travels and Studies. Vol. I: The Russian Provinces. London: Longman, Green, and Co. p. 283.
- Chopin, Jean-Marie (1852). Исторический памятник состояния Армянской области в эпоху ея присоединения к Российской Империи [Historical monuments of the Armenian oblast] (in Russian). Императорская Академия Наук. p. 867.
- Alishan, Gevont. Այրարատ [Ayrarat] (in Armenian). p. 311.
- Shahaziz, Yervand. Հին Երևանը [The Old Yerevan] (in Armenian). pp. 34–35, 182.
- Adamyants, Adam (1889). Տեղագրութիւն Երեւանի [Topography of Yerevan] (in Armenian). Yerevan. pp. 38–39.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Report for Armenia" (PDF). European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (ECRML).
- "Final Report on historical and architectural, cultural and religious buildings in the territory of the Republic of Armenia" (PDF) (in Armenian). Government of Armenia.
External links
Media related to Abbas Mirza Mosque at Wikimedia Commons
- Amanat, Abbas (1993). "'Russian Intrusion into the Guarded Domain': Reflections of a Qajar Statesman on European Expansion". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 113 (1). American Oriental Society: 35–56. doi:10.2307/604195. Retrieved December 28, 2024 – via JSTOR.
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- 1817 establishments in Iran
- 17th-century mosques in Iran
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- Anti-Islam sentiment in Armenia
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- Buildings of the Qajar period
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