| Stenocereus martinezii | |
|---|---|
| Conservation status | |
 Endangered (IUCN 3.1) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Cactaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cactoideae |
| Genus: | Stenocereus |
| Species: | S. martinezii |
| Binomial name | |
| Stenocereus martinezii (J.G.Ortega) Buxb. | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Stenocereus martinezii is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to Sinaloa in Mexico. A candelabriform cactus typically 5 to 7 m (16 to 23 ft) tall, it is easy to propagate from cuttings, so local people use it to build live fences.
Description
Stenocereus martinezii is a arborescent cactus that can grow between 5 to 7 meters tall. It tends to develop a trunk that reaches up to 1 meter in height and can have a diameter of up to 25 centimeters. The shoots are mostly cylindrical, measuring 8 to 20 centimeters in diameter, and feature ten to twelve ribs adorned with prominent dark reddish-brown areoles. Typically, there is one central spine, which can sometimes be two or three, that grows horizontally or slightly sideways and measures 2 to 5 centimeters long. Additionally, the cactus has four to nine radial spines, although up to eleven can occur; these are grayish and range from 2 to 6 millimeters in length, occasionally reaching up to 12 millimeters. The flowers of Stenocereus martinezii are funnel-shaped and have whitish to yellowish hues. They bloom at night and remain open into the following day, measuring 5 to 7 centimeters long with diameters of 3.1 to 6.6 centimeters. The cactus produces spherical to egg-shaped green fruits, which measure 3 to 4.5 centimeters in diameter and turn red as they ripen, with red flesh inside.
Distribution
This species is found growing in the dry deciduous forests and valleys of the Mexican state of Sinaloa, typically at elevations around 100 meters. Plants are found growing along with Ceiba aesculifolia, Parkinsonia praecox, Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum and Stenocereus alamosensis.
Taxonomy
Originally described as Lemaireocereus martinezii in 1930 by Jesús González Ortega, the species was reclassified into the Stenocereus genus by Franz Buxbaum in 1961. The specific epithet "martinezii" is in honor of Mexican botanist Maximiliano Martinez (1888–1964), who was a key figure in establishing the Botanical Society of Mexico. In Spanish, it is commonly known as "Pitahayo" or "Pitayo."
References
- Terrazas, T.; Cházaro, M.; Arreola, H. (2013). "Stenocereus martinezii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T152657A662348. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T152657A662348.en. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
- ^ "Stenocereus martinezii (J.G.Ortega) Buxb". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
- Alvarado-Sizzo, Hernán; Casas, Alejandro (2022). "Stenocereus (A. Berger) Riccob. Stenocereus alamosensis (J.M. Coult.) A.C. Gibson and K.E. Horak Stenocereus beneckei (Ehrenb.) A. Berger and Buxb. Stenocereus chacalapensis (Bravo & T. Mac Doug.) Buxb. Stenocereus chrysocarpus Sánchez-Mej. Stenocereus dumortieri (Scheidw.) Buxb. Stenocereus fricii Sánchez-Mej. Stenocereus griseus (Haw.) Buxb. Stenocereus gummosus (Engelm.) A. Gibson and K.E. Horak Stenocereus heptagonus (L.) Mottram Stenocereus huastecorum Alvarado-Sizzo, Arreola-Nava y Terrazas Stenocereus laevigatus (Salm-Dyck) Buxb. Stenocereus littoralis (K. Brandegee) L.W. Lenz Stenocereus martinezii (J.G. Ortega) Buxb. Stenocereus montanus (Britton & Rose) Buxb. Stenocereus pruinosus (Otto ex Pfeiff.) Buxb. Stenocereus queretaroensis (F.A.C. Weber ex Mathes.) Buxb. Stenocereus quevedonis (J. G. Ortega) Buxb. Stenocereus standleyi (J.G. Ortega) Buxb. Stenocereus stellatus (Pfeiff.) Riccob. Stenocereus thurberi (Engelm.) Buxb. Stenocereus treleasei (Rose) Backeb. Cactaceae". Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Mexico. Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions. pp. 1–45. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77089-5_52-1. ISBN 978-3-319-77089-5.
Local Names ... Spanish: "pitahayo," "pitaya roja," "pitayo," "pitayo de Martínez," and "pitaya"
- Anderson, Edward F.; Eggli, Urs; Anderson, Edward F. (2005). Das große Kakteen-Lexikon (in German). Stuttgart (Hohenheim): Ulmer. p. 603. ISBN 3-8001-4573-1.
- Alvarado-Sizzo, Hernán; Casas, Alejandro (2022). "Stenocereus (A. Berger) Riccob. Cactaceae". Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions. Cham: Springer International Publishing. p. 1–45. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77089-5_52-1. ISBN 978-3-319-77089-5. ISSN 2523-7489.
External links
Data related to Stenocereus martinezii at Wikispecies
| Taxon identifiers | |
|---|---|
| Stenocereus martinezii | |
| Lemaireocereus martinezii | |