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Sürmene
District and municipality
Memiş Ağa Mansion in Sürmene
Map showing Sürmene District in Trabzon Province
SürmeneLocation in Turkey
Coordinates: 40°54′51″N 40°06′45″E / 40.91417°N 40.11250°E / 40.91417; 40.11250
Country	Turkey
Province	Trabzon
Government
• Mayor	Rahmi Üstün (AKP)
Area	166 km (64 sq mi)
Elevation	20 m (70 ft)
Population	25,950
• Density	160/km (400/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code	61600
Area code	0462
Climate	Cfa
Website	www.surmene.bel.tr

Sürmene (Turkish: [syɾˈmene]; Greek: Σούρμενα, Sourmena; Ottoman Turkish: ﺳﻮرﻣﻨﻪ, romanized as Sürmena) is a municipality and district of Trabzon Province, Turkey. Its area is 166 km, and its population is 25,950 (2022). In ancient times the town of Hyssus or Hyssos (Ancient Greek: Υσσός) was nearby. The mayor is Rahmi Üstün (AKP).

Sürmene (Humurgan) is situated some 40 km (25 mi) east of Trabzon. Known in antiquity also as Susarmia or Augustopolis, it lies on the River Kora (Manahoz Deresi) and is best known as the place where Xenophon and his Ten Thousand fell sick after eating wild honey, an event which was confirmed by the local people. In the village of Kastil, 5 km (3.1 mi) to the west of Sürmene, stands a ruined medieval castle as well as the impressively restored 18th-century Yakupoğlu Memiş Ağa Konağı mansion. This was formerly the seat of the Yakupoğlu family, who lived here as rulers (derebeys, hence its alternative name of Derebeyli Kale, the Castle of the Derebeys) of the surrounding region relatively free of interference from the Ottoman government in faraway Constantinople/Istanbul.

Economy

Historically, Sürmene produced small amounts of manganese. The area also had mineral springs, and shipped bottled water to Istanbul.

Composition

There are 37 neighbourhoods in Sürmene District:

• Aksu
• Armutlu
• Aşağıovalı
• Balıklı
• Birlik
• Çamburnu
• Çamlıca
• Çarşı
• Çavuşlu
• Çiftesu
• Çimenli
• Dirlik
• Fındıcak
• Gültepe
• Güneyköy
• Kahraman
• Karacakaya
• Konak
• Koyuncular
• Küçükdere
• Muratlı
• Ormanseven
• Ortaköy
• Ortamahalle
• Oylum
• Petekli
• Soğuksu
• Üstündal
• Üzümlü
• Yazıoba
• Yemişli
• Yeniay
• Yeşilköy
• Yokuşbaşı
• Yukarıçavuşlu
• Yukarıovalı
• Zeytinli

Flora and fauna

According to WWF the largest amount of endemic flora is to be found in the Ağaçbaşı yayla (summer upland pasture) in Sürmene.

• Zehirli biberiye (Andromeda polifolia),
• Böcek yiyen bitkilerden Drosera,
• Pamukotu (Eriophorum angustifolium ve E. latifolium),
• Kurtayağı (Lycopodiella inundata),
• Kara ot (Rhynchospora alba)

Gallery

• The Sürmeme Chamber of Commerce was the first chamber of commerce in Turkey
• Sürmene Mekteb-i Rushdiye Sekbanlardan Ahmed Agha Shahadetnamesi (Diploma)
• Çavuşzade Muhammed Ağa's gravestone
• Sürmene Festival on the top of Madur mountain.
• Fatih Akın Turkish film director from Çamburnu, a village of Sürmene
• The route that brought Xenophon's Ten Thousand to Sürmene

See also

• Memiş Aga Mansion
• Memiş Agha
• Madur
• Anabasis (Xenophon)
• Ten Thousand
• Sürmene knife

References

1. ^ "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
2. Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
3. "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
4. "An Overview of Rize's History". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved 2008-04-11.
5. "Humurgan". T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
6. Prothero, W. G. (1920). Armenia and Kurdistan. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 73.
7. Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
8. "Çavuşpaşa.ni̇noğlu. Muhammetağa. Bölük.no.13.Öl. 1718".

External links

• District governor's official website
• District municipality's official website* Surmenem.com - A local website about Sürmene

v t e Sürmene in Trabzon Province of Turkey
Districts	Akçaabat Araklı Arsin Beşikdüzü Çarşıbaşı Çaykara Dernekpazarı Düzköy Hayrat Köprübaşı Maçka Of Ortahisar Şalpazarı Sürmene Tonya Vakfıkebir Yomra
List of provinces by region Istanbul Istanbul West Marmara Balıkesir Çanakkale Edirne Kırklareli Tekirdağ Aegean Afyonkarahisar Aydın Denizli İzmir Kütahya Manisa Muğla Uşak East Marmara Bilecik Bolu Bursa Düzce Eskişehir Kocaeli Sakarya Yalova West Anatolia Ankara Karaman Konya Mediterranean Adana Antalya Burdur Hatay Isparta Kahramanmaraş Mersin Osmaniye Central Anatolia Aksaray Kayseri Kırıkkale Kırşehir Nevşehir Niğde Sivas Yozgat West Black Sea Amasya Bartın Çankırı Çorum Karabük Kastamonu Samsun Sinop Tokat Zonguldak East Black Sea Artvin Giresun Gümüşhane Ordu Rize Trabzon Northeast Anatolia Ağrı Ardahan Bayburt Erzincan Erzurum Iğdır Kars Central East Anatolia Bingöl Bitlis Elazığ Hakkâri Malatya Muş Tunceli Van Southeast Anatolia Adıyaman Batman Diyarbakır Gaziantep Kilis Mardin Siirt Şanlıurfa Şırnak
Metropolitan municipalities are bolded.

• Sürmene
• Populated places in Trabzon Province
• Populated coastal places in Turkey
• Districts of Trabzon Province
• Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey