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Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus

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Type of Alphacoronavirus affecting swine
Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Pisuviricota
Class: Pisoniviricetes
Order: Nidovirales
Family: Coronaviridae
Genus: Alphacoronavirus
Subgenus: Rhinacovirus
Virus: Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus

Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a coronavirus related to Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2. It is transmitted through the feces of horseshoe bats to pigs. Piglets less than 5 days old die with a probability of up to 90%.

The first outbreak appeared in 2017, where it caused the death of more than 24,000 piglets on 4 farms. In 2018 and 2019, the virus re-emerged in China, but there were not large-scale losses. This weak re-emergence is curious, and is reminiscent of how SARS emerged in 2003 and then disappeared.

During in vitro testing, human and monkey cell lines exposed to SADS-CoV became infected, suggesting that SADS-CoV may pose a risk to human health.

The SADS-CoV sampled from one of the first infected pig farms was found to be 95% genetically identical to one collected from horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus), "indicating the bat origin of the pig virus".

References

  1. ^ Cui, Jie; Li, Fang; Shi, Zheng-Li (2018-12-10). "Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses". Nature Reviews. Microbiology. 17 (3): 181–192. doi:10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9. ISSN 1740-1526. PMC 7097006. PMID 30531947.
  2. ^ Yang, Yong-Le; Yu, Jia-Qi; Huang, Yao-Wei (2020-05-16). "Swine enteric alphacoronavirus (swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus): An update three years after its discovery". Virus Research. 285: 198024. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198024. ISSN 0168-1702. PMC 7229464. PMID 32482591.
Taxonomy of the Coronaviridae
Higher taxonomy: Riboviria > Orthornavirae > Pisuviricota > Pisoniviricetes > Nidovirales > Cornidovirineae > Coronaviridae
Orthocoronavirinae
Alphacoronavirus
Colacovirus
  • Bat coronavirus CDPHE15
Decacovirus
Duvinacovirus
  • Human coronavirus 229E
Luchacovirus
  • Lucheng Rn rat coronavirus
Minacovirus
  • Mink coronavirus 1
Minunacovirus
Myotacovirus
  • Myotis ricketti alphacoronavirus Sax-2011
Nyctacovirus
Pedacovirus
Rhinacovirus
  • Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2
Setracovirus
Soracovirus
  • Sorex araneus coronavirus T14
Sunacovirus
  • Suncus murinus coronavirus X74
Tegacovirus
Betacoronavirus
Embecovirus
Hibecovirus
  • Bat Hp-betacoronavirus Zhejiang2013
Merbecovirus
Nobecovirus
Sarbecovirus
Gammacoronavirus
Brangacovirus
  • Goose coronavirus CB17
Cegacovirus
Igacovirus
Deltacoronavirus
Andecovirus
  • Wigeon coronavirus HKU20
Buldecovirus
Herdecovirus
  • Night heron coronavirus HKU19
Letovirinae
Alphaletovirus
Milecovirus
  • Microhyla letovirus 1
Source: ICTV –– Wikispecies
Taxon identifiers
Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus
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