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Textual variants in the First Epistle to the Corinthians are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Most of the variations are not significant and some common alterations include the deletion, rearrangement, repetition, or replacement of one or more words when the copyist's eye returns to a similar word in the wrong location of the original text. If their eye skips to an earlier word, they may create a repetition (error of dittography). If their eye skips to a later word, they may create an omission. They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change. Synonyms may be substituted. A pronoun may be changed into a proper noun (such as "he said" becoming "Jesus said"). John Mill's 1707 Greek New Testament was estimated to contain some 30,000 variants in its accompanying textual apparatus which was based on "nearly 100 manuscripts." Peter J. Gurry puts the number of non-spelling variants among New Testament manuscripts around 500,000, though he acknowledges his estimate is higher than all previous ones.

Legend

A guide to the sigla (symbols and abbreviations) most frequently used in the body of this article.

General sigla

# beginning with 0: uncial

# not beginning with 0: minuscule

superscript: original reading

superscript: scribal correction

superscript: individual manuscript

superscript: multiple manuscripts

superscript: partial attestation

superscript: uncertain reading

arab: Arabic versions

arm: Armenian versions

𝔐 or Byz: Byzantine text-type

cop: Coptic versions

sa: Sahidic version

bo: Boharic version

eth: Ethiopic versions

ƒ: Greek manuscripts family

geo: Georgian versions

goth: Gothic versions

it: Italic/Vetus Latina

lat: most Italic and Vulgate

latt: all Italic and Vulgate

𝔓: papyrus

𝑙: individually numbered lectionary

Lect: most or all numbered lectionaries

parenthesized (): approximate reading

rell: all other extant manuscripts

slav: Slavic versions

syr: Syriac versions

vg: Latin Vulgate

ς: Textus Receptus

Uncial sigla

א‎: Codex Sinaiticus (01)

A: Codex Alexandrinus (02)

B: Codex Vaticanus (03)

C: Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (04)

D: Codex Bezae (05)

D: Codex Claromontanus (06)

K: Codex Cyprius (017)

K: Codex Mosquensis I (018)

L: Codex Regius (New Testament) (019)

L: Codex Angelicus (020)

P: Codex Porphyrianus (025)

S: Codex Vaticanus 354 (028)

V: Codex Mosquensis II (031)

W: Codex Washingtonianus (032)

Z: Codex Dublinensis (035)

Γ: Codex Tischendorfianus IV (036)

Δ: Codex Sangallensis 48 (037)

Θ: Codex Koridethi (038)

Ξ: Codex Zacynthius (040)

Π: Codex Petropolitanus (New Testament) (041)

Φ: Codex Beratinus (043)

Ψ: Codex Athous Lavrensis (044)

Ω: Codex Athous Dionysiou (045)

ff: Codex Corbeiensis I

ff: Codex Corbeiensis II

g: Codex Sangermanensis I

k: Codex Bobiensis

Critical editions

T8th: Tischendorf's 8th Edition of Editio Octava Critica Maior

WH: Westcott and Hort (1881)

NA: Novum Testamentum Graece (Nestle–Aland)

UBS: United Bible Societies

ECM: Editio Critica Maior

Textual variants

1 Corinthians 1:8

ημερα – majority

παρουσια – D F G

1 Corinthians 2:1

μυστηριον – 𝔓, א, Α, C, 88, 436, it, syr, cop

μαρτυριον – B D G P Ψ 33 81 104 181 326 330 451 614 629 630 1241 1739 1877 1881 1962 1984 2127 2492 2495 Byz Lect it vg syr cop arm eth

ευαγγελιον – Theodoret

σωτηριον – 489, ℓ 598, ℓ 599

1 Corinthians 2:4

πειθοις σοφιας λογοις (plausible words of wisdom) – (א λογος) B (D 33 πιθοις) D 181 1739 1877 1881 it vg eth

πειθοις σοφιας (plausible wisdom) – 𝔓 G

πειθοι σοφιας (plausible wisdom) – 35 it

πειθοις ανθρωπινης σοφιας λογοις – C Ψ (A P 326 330 πιθοις) 81 88 104 436 451 614 629 1241 1984 2127 2492 Byz vg syr cop

πειθοις ανθρωπινης σοφιας – 630

πειθοις ανθρωπινης σοφιας και λογοις – 131

1 Corinthians 2:14

του θεου – 𝔓, 𝔓, א, A, B, C, D, G, P, Ψ, 33, 81, 88, 104, 181, 326, 436, 614, 629, 630, 1241, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, it, vg, syr, cop, arm

αγιου – eth

omitted by 2 216 255 330 440 451 823 1827 syr

1 Corinthians 3:3

ἔρις – 𝔓, א, B, C, P, Ψ, 81, 181, 630, 1739, 1877, 1881, it, vg

ἔρεις – A

ἔρις διχοστασία – 623, Chrysostom

ἔρις καί διχοστασίαι – 𝔓, D, 33, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 1241, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect

ἔρις καί ἀρχοστασία – 1962

ἔρεις καί διχοστασίαι – G

1 Corinthians 3:4

ουκ ανθρωποι – 𝔓, Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi, 33, 81, 1175, 1506, 1739, 1881;

ουχι σαρκικοι – Sinaiticus, Ψ, and the Byzantine manuscripts read;

ουχι ανθρωποι – D F G 629;

1 Corinthians 4:1

1 Corinthians 5:5

κυρίου – 𝔓, B, 630, 1739, Marcion , Tertulian, Origen

κυρίου Ἰησοῦ – א, Ψ, 81, 181, 326, 614, 1877, 1985, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect

κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ – D, 1984

Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ – 629

κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ – 048, cop, eth

κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ – A, F, G, P, 33, 88, 104, 330, 436, 451, 629, 241, 1881, 1962, 2127, it, vg, syr, cop, arm, Origen

1 Corinthians 6:1

1 Corinthians 7:5

τη προσευχη (prayer) – 𝔓, 𝔓, א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 33, 81, 104, 181, 629, 630, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, it vg, cop, arm, eth

τη νηστεια και τη προσευχη (fasting and prayer) – א, K, L, 88, 326, 436, 614, 1241, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, syr, goth

τη προσευχη και νηστεια (prayer and fasting) – 330, 451, John of Damascus

1 Corinthians 7:14

αδελφω – 𝔓, א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 33, 181, 1739, 1877, 1962, d, e, f, g, cop

ανδρι – א, D, K, L, 81, 88, 104, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 630, 1241, 1881, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, syr, goth, arm, eth

ανδρι τω πιστω – 629 it

1 Corinthians 8:1

1 Corinthians 9:20

μη ων αυτος υπο νομον (being not himself under the law) – omitted by D K (L) Ψ 81 88 326 330 424 451 460 614 629 1241 1518 1852 1881 1984 1985 2138 2464 2492 Byz Lect syr eth geo slav Origen Nestorius Theodoret

1 Corinthians 10:9

Χριστον – 𝔓 D G K Ψ 88 330 451 614 629 630 1241 1739 1881 1984 2492 2495 Byz Lect

κυριον – א, B, C, P, 33, 104, 181, 326, 436, 1877, 2127

θεον – A, 81

omit by 1985

1 Corinthians 11:24

υμων – 𝔓, א*, A, B, C*, 33, 1739, arm

υμων κλωμενον – א, C, D, G, K, Ψ, 81, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 630, 1241, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect

υμων θρυπτομενον – D

υμων διδομενον – c, dem, f, t, x, z, vg (tradetur), cop, eth

1 Corinthians 12:9

χαρισματα ιαματων εν τω ενι πνευματι – A B 33 81 104 436 630 1881 it vg

χαρισματα ιαματων εν πνευματι – 1739

χαρισματα ιαματων εν τω αυτω πνευματι – א C D G K P 0201 88 181 330 451 614 629 1241 1877 1962 1984 1985 2127 2492 2495 Byz Lect

χαρισματα ιαματων εν τω πνευματι – 𝔓

χαρισματα ιαματων – C

χαρισματα – Ψ

1 Corinthians 13:2

κἂν ἐὰν ἔχω προφητείαν – Westcott and Hort /

κἂν ἔχω προφητείαν – Westcott and Hort 1881

καὶ ἔχω προφητείαν – Westcott and Hort /

καὶ ἐὰν ἔχω προφητείαν – Tischendorf 8th Edition, Nestle 1904, Byz.

1 Corinthians 13:2

κἂν ἐὰν ἔχω πᾶσαν – Westcott and Hort /

κἂν ἔχω πᾶσαν – Westcott and Hort 1881

καὶ ἔχω πᾶσαν – Westcott and Hort /

καὶ ἐὰν ἔχω πᾶσαν – Tischendorf 8th Edition, Nestle 1904, Byz.

1 Corinthians 13:2

μεθιστάναι (to (re)move/(ex)change)– Alexandrian text-type, Tischendorf 8th Edition, Nestle 1904, Westcott and Hort /

μεθιστάνειν – Byz., Westcott and Hort 1881, Westcott and Hort /

1 Corinthians 13:3

καυχήσωμαι (I may boast) – Alexandrian text-type. By 2009, many translators and scholars had come to favour this variant as the original reading on the grounds that is probably the oldest.

καυθήσωμαι (I may be burnt/burned) – Mostly Western and Byzantine text-type MSS and "a majority of patristic writers". In 1989, this was the most commonly favoured variant by translators and scholars, but because it is probably not the oldest variant, and may be grammatically incorrect, a large amount of translators and scholars had abandoned it by 2009. Malone (2009) objected that it would be somewhat unlikely that a supposedly correct original (καυχήσωμαι) would have been deliberately 'corrected' by a scribe, resulting in a supposedly incorrect variant (καυθήσωμαι).

καυθήσομαι (I will be burnt/burned) – As of 2009, a minority of scholars favoured this reading as the original.

? –

? –

καθήσωμαι – 330*

καυθήσεται – 1877 2492 Syr Clem

καυθήσηται – John of Damascus

1 Corinthians 14:40

verses 14:34-35 included after 14:40 – D F G 88

1 Corinthians 15:3

ὃ καὶ παρέλαβον (I received) – omitted by b, Ambrosiaster, Irenaeus, Tertullian?

1 Corinthians 15:15

εἴπερ ἄρα νεκροὶ οὐκ ἐγείρονται (if in fact the dead do not rise) – omitted by D, a, b, r, bam, ful**, harl*, kar, mon, reg, val*, pesh, Ambrosiaster, Irenaeus (lat), Tertullian?

1 Corinthians 15:47

δευτερος ανθρωπος – א*, B, C, D, F, G, 0243, 33, 1739, it, vg, cop eth

δευτερος ο κυριος – 630

δευτερος ανθρωπος ο κυριος – א, A, D, K, P, Ψ, 81, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 1241, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect

δευτερος ανθρωπος πνευματικος – 𝔓

δευτερος – cop Cyril

1 Corinthians 15:51

μέν (on the one hand) – Byz

omitted by א‎, (A), C, G₃, 17

1 Corinthians 16:15

οικιαν Στεφανα – 𝔓 א* A B C Ψ 075 Byz cop

οικιαν Στεφανα και Φορτουνατου – א D 104 629 1175 1241 2464 pc b vgst cop

οικιαν Στεφανα και Φορτουνατου και Αχαικου – C* F G 365 2495 pc vg syr

See also

• Alexandrian text-type
• Biblical inerrancy
• Byzantine text-type
• Caesarean text-type
• Categories of New Testament manuscripts
• Comparison of codices Sinaiticus and Vaticanus
• List of New Testament verses not included in modern English translations
• Textual variants in the New Testament
• Western text-type

References

1. Adam Fox, John Mill and Richard Bentley: A Study of the Textual Criticism of the New Testament 1675–1729 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1954), pp. 105–115; John Mill, Novum Testamentum Graecum, cum lectionibus variantibus MSS (Oxford 1707)
2. Metzger and Ehrman (2005), p.154
3. Peter J. Gurry, "The Number of Variants in the Greek New Testament: A Proposed Estimate" New Testament Studies 62.1 (2016), p. 113
4. Metzger, Bruce Manning; Ehrman, Bart D. (2005). The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 54, 62–86, 102–103. ISBN 0-19-516667-1.
5. J.P. van de Giessen (2003). "Legenda tekstkritische notities". bijbelaantekeningen.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 4 May 2022.
6. UBS3, p. 581.
7. NA26, p. 444
8. Note on 1 Corinthians 5:5 in NET Bible
9. UBS3, p. 591.
10. ^ "1 Corinthians 13:2 Greek Text Analysis". biblehub.com. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
11. ^ Malone, A. S. (2009). Burn or Boast? Keeping the 1 Corinthians 13,3 Debate in Balance. Biblica, 90(3), 400–406.
12. ^ Caragounis 2004, p. 549.
13. ^ Caragounis 2004, p. 550.
14. Daniel B. Wallace (1998). "The Textual Problem of 1 Corinthians 14:34-35". Biblical Studies Press. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
15. ^ Westcott and Hort (1882), Introduction and Appendix, § 325.

Further reading

• Novum Testamentum Graece et Latine, ed. E. Nestle, K. Aland, Stuttgart 1981.
• Bruce M. Metzger & Bart D. Ehrman, "The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration", OUP New York, Oxford, 4 edition, 2005
• Bart D. Ehrman, "The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture. The Effect of Early Christological Controversies on the Text of the New Testament", Oxford University Press, New York - Oxford, 1996, pp. 223–227.
• Bruce M. Metzger, "A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament: A Companion Volume to the United Bible Societies' Greek New Testament", 1994, United Bible Societies, London & New York.
• Caragounis, Chrys C. (2004). The Development of Greek and the New Testament: Morphology, Syntax, Phonology, and Textual Transmission. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. p. 732. ISBN 9783161482908. Retrieved 8 February 2023.

External links

• The Comparative Critical Greek New Testament Archived 2011-07-17 at the Wayback Machine
• Variantes textuais (in Portuguese)
• Varianten Textus receptus versus Nestle-Aland

• Greek New Testament manuscripts
• Biblical criticism
• Textual criticism
• First Epistle to the Corinthians