Thao may refer to:
- Thao people, a group of Taiwanese aborigines
- Thao language, also known as Sao
- Thao Nguyen, American singer-songwriter
- Thao & the Get Down Stay Down, American musical group led by Nguyen
- Thai honorific Thao
- Thao Suranari, Thao Thep Kasattri and Thao Sri Sunthon, Thai heroines
- Thao Vang Lor, character in Gran Torino
- Brigadier General Thao Ma, commander of the Royal Lao Air Force
- Thao River, the upper reaches of the Hong River in northern Vietnam
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