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Gryllidae

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(Redirected from True cricket) Family of crickets

Gryllidae
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Female Gryllus campestris
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Ensifera
Superfamily: Grylloidea
Family: Gryllidae
Laicharting, 1781
Synonyms
  • Gryllides Laicharting, 1781
  • Mitratogryllus Furukawa, 1985 (nomen nudum)
  • Paragryllidae Desutter-Grandcolas, 1987

The family Gryllidae contains the subfamilies and genera which entomologists now term true crickets. Having long, whip-like antennae, they belong to the Orthopteran suborder Ensifera, which has been greatly reduced in the last 100 years (e.g. Imms): taxa such as the tree crickets, spider-crickets and their allies, sword-tail crickets, wood or ground crickets and scaly crickets have been moved or elevated to family level. The type genus is Gryllus and the first use of the family name "Gryllidae" was by Francis Walker.

They have a worldwide distribution (except Antarctica). The most familiar field crickets (Gryllinae) are characteristically robust brown or black insects; the largest members of the family are the 5 cm (2 in)-long bull crickets (Brachytrupes) which excavate burrows a metre or more deep.

  1. Many taxa in the Ensifera may be called crickets sensu lato, including the Rhaphidophoridae – cave or camel crickets; Stenopelmatidae – Jerusalem or sand crickets; Mogoplistidae – scaly crickets; Gryllotalpidae – mole crickets; Anabrus – Mormon crickets; Myrmecophilidae – ant crickets; and Tettigoniidae – the bush crickets or katydids.

Subfamilies

The family is divided into these subfamily groups, subfamilies, and extinct genera (not placed within any subfamily):

  1. Capillogryllus Xie, Zheng & Liang, 2003
  2. †Cratogryllus Martins-Neto, 1991 Crato Formation, Brazil, Aptian
  3. Neogryllodes Otte, 1994
  4. Rhabdotogryllus Chopard, 1954
  5. †Sharovella Gorochov, 1985
  6. Spinogryllus Vasanth, 1993
  7. †Trichogryllus Chopard, 1936

See also

References

  1. Laicharting JN von (1781) Verzeichnis und Beschreibung der Tyroler Insecten 1.
  2. ^ "Family Gryllidae (Laicharting, 1781)". Orthoptera Species File. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
  3. Imms AD, rev. Richards OW & Davies RG (1970) A General Textbook of Entomology 9th Ed. Methuen 886 pp.
  4. Walker F (1871) Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection of the British Museum Supplement: 98.
  5. Resh, Vincent H.; Cardé, Ring T. (2009). Encyclopedia of Insects. Academic Press. pp. 232–236. ISBN 978-0-08-092090-0.
  6. Virgo 22. Jahrgang, 2019: ZESSIN, W.: Neue Insekten aus dem Moler (Paläozän/Eozän) von Dänemark, Teil 4 (Orthoptera: Caelifera: Eumastacidae, Ensifera: Gryllidae; Odonata: Libellulidae: 56-63.
  7. Orthoptera Species File: genus Menonia George, 1936

External links

Taxon identifiers
Gryllidae
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