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Southern Lushootseed, also called Twulshootseed (txʷəlšucid) or Whulshootseed (xʷəlšucid) in the Muckleshoot and Snoqualmie dialects, is the southern dialect of Lushootseed, a Coast Salish language in western Washington State. It was historically spoken by the Muckleshoot, Puyallup, Suquamish, Duwamish, Nisqually, and Squaxin Island tribes. The last native speaker was Ellen Williams (1923–2016) and her death rendered the language extinct.

Whulshootseed is taught at the Muckleshoot Language Program of the Muckleshoot Tribal College in Auburn, Washington, at a local school, and by the Puyallup Tribal Language Program. A 1999 video, Muckleshoot: a People and Their Language profiles the Muckleshoot Whulshootseed Language Preservation Project.

See also

• Lushootseed language

References

1. Southern Lushootseed at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
2. Holly Taylor (2010-05-06). "Preserving the Lushootseed language for the next generation". Crosscut.com, News of the Great Nearby. Seattle, WA. Retrieved 2021-02-18.
3. Erik Lacitis (2005-02-08). "Last few Whulshootseed speakers spread the word". Seattle Times Newspaper. Retrieved 2021-02-18.
4. Lois Sweet Dorman (2005-06-21). "Lost in translation: a connection to the sacred". Seattle Times. Retrieved 2012-09-15.
5. Johansen, Bruce E (2015). "Chapter 10, Muckleshoot language revival". Up from the ashes : nation building at Muckleshoot (First ed.). Seattle, WA: Seattle Publishing. pp. 244–251. ISBN 9780985776411.
6. "Muckleshoot Language Program". Muckleshoot Tribal College. Retrieved 2012-09-15.
7. Mary Ann Zehr (2010-07-14). "NCLB Seen Impeding Indigenous-Language Preservation". Education Week. Retrieved 2012-09-15.
8. "Puyallup Tribal Language Program". Puyallup Tribe of Indians. Retrieved 2021-02-18.
9. Scott Ross (Director) (1999). Muckleshoot: a People and Their Language. Archived from the original on 2013-01-04. Retrieved 2012-12-03.

External links

• The Whulshootseed alphabet
• Placenames, Squaxin Island tribe
• Puyallup Tribal Language Program, Whulshootseed learning materials

v t e Lushootseed-speaking peoples of Puget Sound
Lushootseed language	Grammar Lushootseed grammar Dialects Northern Southern
Culture	Salishan oral narratives dukʷibəɬ Transformer/Changer Spirit Powers Ayahos
Peoples	Northern peoples Skagit Swinomish Nuwhaha Kikiallus Sauk Stillaguamish Snohomish Southern peoples Skykomish Snoqualmie Shilshole Duwamish Sammamish Suquamish Puyallup Steilacoom Nisqually Sahewamish
Federally recognized tribes	Upper Skagit Indian Tribe Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians Swinomish Indian Tribal Community Tulalip Tribes of Washington Suquamish Tribe Snoqualmie Indian Tribe Muckleshoot Indian Tribe Puyallup Tribe of Indians Nisqually Indian Tribe Squaxin Island Tribe
Reservations	Swinomish Indian Reservation Port Madison Indian Reservation Nisqually Reservation
Non-recognized groups	Duwamish Tribe Steilacoom Tribe

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• Indigenous languages of the Pacific Northwest Coast
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• Nisqually
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