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Wiang is a Tai word for "fortified settlement" or "walled town, city" of Austroasiatic origin, from Proto-Austroasiatic *wa(a)ŋ. This toponymic element forms part of the names of certain ancient inhabited places located in an area stretching across Northern Thailand and Laos:

Meaning

The term "เวียง" (Wiang) in Thai has historical and cultural significance. It originates from the Lanna Kingdom and the northern regions of Thailand. The word "เวียง" traditionally refers to a walled or fortified city. These cities were typically enclosed by walls and moats for protection against invasions and natural disasters.

A "เวียง" served multiple functions

1. Administrative Center: It was often the seat of local government and administration. The ruling authority or monarchy would reside within these walls, managing the surrounding region.

2. Cultural Hub: These cities were centers for cultural and religious activities. Temples, markets, and public spaces were integral parts of a "เวียง," making it a focal point for the community's cultural life.

3. Economic Center: Due to their strategic locations, "เวียง" cities were important for trade and commerce. Merchants and traders would gather here, contributing to the economic vitality of the region.

4. Defensive Stronghold: The walls and moats provided defense against invasions. These fortifications were essential in safeguarding the inhabitants and their resources.

An example of a "เวียง" is "เวียงกุมกาม" (Wiang Kum Kam), an ancient city near Chiang Mai, which showcases the typical characteristics of a "เวียง." It had extensive fortifications, served as a significant cultural and religious site, and was a vital economic center in its time.

Thus, "เวียง" encompasses the essence of historical urban development in northern Thailand, reflecting its importance in administrative, cultural, economic, and defensive aspects.

See also

References

  1. Shorto, H. A Mon-Khmer Comparative Dictionary, Ed. Paul Sidwell, 2006. Entry 767. p. 233
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