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Xanthoparmelia chlorochroa

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Species of lichen

Xanthoparmelia chlorochroa
In Bozeman, Montana
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Lecanorales
Family: Parmeliaceae
Genus: Xanthoparmelia
Species: X. chlorochroa
Binomial name
Xanthoparmelia chlorochroa
(Tuck.) Hale (1974)
Synonyms
  • Parmelia chlorochroa Tuck. (1860)

Xanthoparmelia chlorochroa, known as the tumbleweed shield lichen or ground lichen, is a foliose lichen in the Parmeliaceae family. It is not fixed to a substrate, and blows around in the wind from location to location.

Distribution and habitat

This lichen is abundant on the High Plains of Wyoming. Its distribution covers intermountain regions of western North America, and Mexico.

Uses

Tumbleweed shield lichen is used as a dye by Navajo rug weavers.

It has been used as a remedy for impetigo by the Navajo.

Toxicity

It was implicated in the poisoning of domestic sheep and cattle in Wyoming during the 1930s. It has also been implicated in the poisoning of elk in 2004.

See also

References

  1. Dailey, Rebecca N.; Montgomery, Donald L.; Ingram, James T.; Siemion, Roger; Raisbeck, Merl F. (November 2008). "Experimental Reproduction of Tumbleweed Shield Lichen (Xanthoparmelia Chlorochroa) Poisoning in a Domestic Sheep Model". Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 20 (6): 760–765. doi:10.1177/104063870802000607. ISSN 1040-6387. PMID 18987225.
  2. ^ Lichens and People, Sylvia and Stephen Sharnoff
  3. ^ Geiser, L.; McCune, B. (1997). Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press. ISBN 0-87071-394-9.
  4. Egan, Robert S.; Lendemer, James (2016). "Xanthoparmelia in Mexico". In Herrera-Campos, Maria; Pérez-Pérez, Rosa Emilia; Nash, Thomas H. III (eds.). Lichens of Mexico. The Parmeliaceae – Keys, distribution and specimen descriptions. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. Vol. 110. Stuttgart: J. Cramer. p. 634. ISBN 978-3-443-58089-6.
  5. "Xanthoparmelia chlorochroa". Retrieved 23 March 2009.
  6. ^ Cook, Walter E.; Raisbeck, Merl F.; Cornish, Todd E.; Williams, Elizabeth S.; Brown, Benge; Hiatt, Greg; Kreeger, Terry J. (July 2007). "Paresis and Death in Elk (Cervus elaphus) Due to Lichen Intoxication in Wyoming". Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 43 (3): 498–503. doi:10.7589/0090-3558-43.3.498. PMID 17699088. S2CID 43322309.
Taxon identifiers
Xanthoparmelia chlorochroa
Parmelia chlorochroa
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