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Yan Province or Yanzhou was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China, a list of regions compiled by Yu the Great when he toured the land after stopping the Great Flood and succeeding Emperor Yao.

In the Shang Shu, translated by Martin Palmer, Yu's report on Yanzhou is as follows:

Yanzhou Area: between the Ji and Yellow River. Nine rivers returned to their proper way. Leixia is an area of lake once again and functioning properly. Yong and Ju rivers flows into it. Mulberry bushes grow here now – people have settled here from the hills to cultivate the fields. Soil: rich and dark. Grass – good; woodlands healthy. Tax: middling. Fields: upper middling. Note – over the past thirteen years productivity has risen. Tribute: dyes, silks – in special coloured containers. Route: via the Ji and Ta rivers into the Yellow River.

— Confucius, translated by Martin Palmer, Shang Shu

During the Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE), Yanzhou covered roughly present-day southwestern Shandong, eastern Henan, and the northwestern corner of Jiangsu. The name is reflected in the modern city of Yanzhou, Jining, Shandong.

v t e Provinces and commanderies of the Han dynasty (140 AD)
Sili	Henan Henei Hedong Hongnong Jingzhao Zuopingyi Youfufeng	Han provinces and commanderies in 219 CE
Yu Province	Yingchuan Runan Liang Pei Chen Lu
Ji Province	Wei Julu Changshan Zhongshan Xindu Hejian Qinghe Handan Bohai
Yan Province	Chenliu Dong Dongping Rencheng Taishan Jibei Shanyang Jiyin
Xu Province	Donghai Langya Pengcheng Guangling Linhuai
Qing Province	Jinan Pingyuan Le'an Beihai Donglai Qi
Jing Province	Nanyang Nan Jiangxia Lingling Guiyang Wuling Changsha
Yang Province	Jiujiang Danyang Lujiang Kuaiji Wu Yuzhang
Yi Province	Hanzhong Ba Guanghan Shu Jianwei Zangke Yuexi Yizhou Yongchang
Liang Province	Longxi Hanyang Wudu Jincheng Anding Wuwei Zhangye Jiuquan Dunhuang
Bing Province	Shangdang Taiyuan Xihe Yunzhong Dingxiang Yanmen
Shuofang Province	Shuofang Wuyuan Shang Xihe Beidi
You Province	Zhuo Guangyang Dai Shanggu Yuyang Youbeiping Liaoxi Liaodong Xuantu Lelang
Jiaozhi Province	Nanhai Cangwu Yulin Hepu Jiaozhi Jiuzhen Rinan
Full list (202 BC – 220 AD)

References

1. Confucius (2014-07-31). The Most Venerable Book (Shang Shu). Translated by Palmer, Martin. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-14-197040-0.

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