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Ilidža Илиџа
Town and municipality
Banjski ParkRoman bridgeVrelo BosneTram in the town center
Coat of arms
Location of Ilidža within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Coordinates: 43°49′N 18°18′E / 43.817°N 18.300°E / 43.817; 18.300
Country	Bosnia and Herzegovina
Entity	Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Canton	Sarajevo Canton
Government
• Municipal mayor	Nermin Muzur (NiP)
Area
• Town and municipality	143.4 km (55.4 sq mi)
Population
• Town and municipality	66,730
• Density	470/km (1,200/sq mi)
• Urban	63,528
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Area code	+387 33
Website	www.opcinailidza.ba

Ilidža (Cyrillic: Илиџа, pronounced [i.lǐ.dʒa]) is a spa town and a municipality located in Sarajevo Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has a total population of 66,730 with 63,528 in Ilidža itself, and is a chief suburb of Sarajevo and de facto its neighborhood. It is best known for the Vrelo Bosne spring, as well as the natural environment of its surroundings and historical tradition dating back to Neolithic times. Sarajevo International Airport is located nearby.

Geography

Ilidža is known to have a pleasant and attractive geography. The town itself is built on fairly level ground, although it is surrounded by mountains. The biggest is Mount Igman, whose 1,502 m (4,928 ft) peak towers above the town. On the mountain grows the "Golden Lily" (Lilium bosniacum), a branch of the Lily family of flowers that is a historical symbol of Bosnia. The area is rich in flint, especially in the Butmir neighborhood.

The Željeznica river, a tributary of the Bosna, passes through the town's center. The Bosna itself passes through Ilidža's outskirts. Its spring, Vrelo Bosne, is found a few kilometers to the west of the town centre and is a national park. A number of smaller streams also pass through the town's area.

A number of horticulture projects have been undertaken in the history of Ilidža. The town is today very rich in trees. The total area of the town's parks is about 50% of that of Sarajevo, which has six times its population. In 1894, an article in a London newspaper called Ilidža "One of the most beautiful places in the world".

Climate

Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen climate classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb" (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate).

History

Ilidža is one of the longest continuously inhabited regions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the 19th century, numerous archeological finds have been made in the Butmir area, dating from Neolithic times. The so-called Butmir culture, is one of the best documented Neolithic cultures in Europe of the 26th and 25th centuries BC.

During Roman times, the Ilidža area was the location of the town known as Aquae Sulphurae. This was a Roman colony, and the largest settlement in the whole of Bosnia and Herzegovina at the time. Today numerous traces of Roman civilisation have been found, such as mosaics, ceramics, jewellery, coins, and even structural remains.

During the medieval period, the Ilidža area was part of the Bosnian province of Vrhbosna. Katera, one of the two original Bosnian towns mentioned by Constantine VII in De Administrando Imperio, was found on the ground of today's Ilidža municipality. The disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius considered the area important enough to stop at Vrelo Bosne and build a church in the area.

The modern town of Ilidža as we know it was founded during the Ottoman rule of Bosnia. Its name derives from the Turkish word Ilıca, meaning "warm thermal springs". (Ilıca is also the name of a district of Erzurum, a southeast city of Turkey. There are also Ilıca-named municipalities in the following provinces of Turkey: Samsun, Kahramanmaraş, Antalya, Malatya, Ordu.) Numerous elements of Turkish culture found their way into Ilidža, such as a number of oriental homes from the 15th and 16th centuries that have survived to this day. Numerous mosques and bridges were also built at this time.

Ilidža, like the rest of Bosnia and Herzegovina, experienced industrialisation and westernization with the coming of Austria-Hungary. A railway station and tracks, hotels, and various other structures made Ilidža the most important town after Sarajevo in the region. This continued into the 1900s as Ilidža continued to grow and develop.

Before 1990, Ilidža was populated mainly by Serbs 47,21% and Bosniaks 31,58%. When the Bosnian War started in 1992, until the 1995 Dayton Agreement, the municipality was divided between Bosnian Muslims (Hrasnica, Sokolović Kolonija, Butmir) and Serb (Ilidža, Kotorac, Vojkovići, Grlica) parts. When, under the terms of the Dayton Agreement, Ilidža was placed within the territory of the Bosnian Federation, the vast majority of Serbs fled the town to live in Republika Srpska, destroying some buildings as they did so. In the process, NATO and EU observers reported about violence between those Serbs who decided to leave and ones who wanted to stay, as those who were leaving looted and set on fire not just their but also houses and property of those who were staying as well. From 1996, Ilidža was home to the headquarters of the NATO peacekeeping force IFOR (later SFOR and EUFOR) before its move to nearby Butmir in the year 2000. During this period, the hotels Terme, Srbija (Serbia), Bosna (Bosnia) and Jadran were barricaded and the area was used as NATO HQ. Today Ilidža remains a bustling, largely Bosniak-dominated town. Vojkovići and Grlica formed Eastern Ilidža Municipality which is dominated by Serbs.

Demographics

According to the 2013 census, the municipality had a population of 66,730 inhabitants, with 63,528 in Ilidža itself.

Settlements

The municipality consists of the following settlements with their respective populations:

• Buhotina – 85
• Jasen – 9
• Kakrinje – 411
• Kobiljača – 349
• Krupac – 13
• Rakovica – 1,836
• Rudnik – 377
• Sarajevo Dio - Ilidža – 63,528
• Vela – 7
• Vlakovo – 3
• Zenik – 108
• Zoranovići – 4

Ethnic composition

Government

Although a fully incorporated suburb of Sarajevo, Ilidža is its own municipality and thus has its own municipal government.

The current political parties are represented in the Municipal Assembly:

• People and Justice – 11 members
• Party of Democratic Action – 10 members
• Social Democratic Party – 4 members
• Our Party – 3 members
• Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina – 2 members
• Democratic Front – 1 member

The current municipal mayor is Nermin Muzur, elected in the 2020 local elections and serving since 23 December 2020.

Economy

Prior to the war, Ilidža municipality was one of the five wealthiest in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and one of the ten wealthiest in the whole of Yugoslavia. The war had a devastating effect on the town's economy, but today it has returned to its pre-war wealth. Several important local companies are based in Ilidža. The town's economy is based on food processing, electronics, and manufacturing.

Tourism

Sarajevo International Airport is located just a few kilometers from the town. The region's natural environment and historical sites are draws for tourists.

Banja Ilidža spa and hotel complex

Ilidža with its historic Roman archaeological site consisting of thermae and the village of Aquae Sulphurae, the 19th century hotel complex from Austro-Hungarian period, and a modern bath and spa resort hotel, Banja Terme Ilidža, is a spa town. This, along with a rich natural heritage, makes tourism the most important parts of Ilidža's economy. The natural environment of the area is used to the town's advantage, attracting tourists from both abroad and from neighboring Sarajevo. There are plans for future development to enhance tourism, including hotels and a cable cars line to mount Igman as a destination for skiing and hiking.

• Austro-Hungarian architecture (1867–1918)
• Hotel Bosna
• Hotel Hercegovina
• Hotel Austria
• Hotel Crystal (previously called Hotel Hungaria)

Vrelo Bosne

Vrelo Bosne is one of the country's most popular protected areas. The Rimski Most ("Roman Bridge") over the Bosna river was built in the 16th century using actual Roman stones.

Twin towns – sister cities

Ilidža is twinned with:

• Çekmeköy, Turkey
• İzmit, Turkey

References

1. Climate Summary for Ilidža
2. "Weatherbase.com". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved on July 13, 2013.
3. kons.gov.ba (25 March 2012). "prehistoric settlement in Butmir". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
4. "Fires burn unchecked in Sarajevo". CNN. 9 March 1996. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
5. "More BosnianSerbs leave Sarajevo suburbs". CNN. 18 February 1996. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
6. "Plenty of blame going around for ravaged Bosnia suburb". CNN. 11 March 1996. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
7. "B&H 2013 census, Ilidža Municipality". Retrieved 26 August 2020.
8. "Ilidža Municipality - Assembly members". Retrieved 24 October 2024.
9. "Ilidža Municipality - Mayor" (in Bosnian). 24 October 2024. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
10. opcinailidza.ba (25 March 2012). "Jedna od najrazvijenijih općina" (in Bosnian).
11. ^ "Record Number of Visitors at Vrelo Bosne Touristic Site". Sarajevo Times. 17 September 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
12. "Zdravstvena Ustanova Lječilište Banja Terme Ilidža". gdjenaodmor.com. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
13. "Iskoristite tople jesenje dane kako biste ojačali svoj organizam". www.faktor.ba (in Bosnian). Retrieved 21 November 2023.
14. "The Plan is to build three cable Cars in the Canton Sarajevo". Sarajevo Times. 27 April 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
15. "Feasibility study initiative for construction of two cable cars in Sarajevo Canton – Ilidza Municipality hires Swiss company". www.ekapija.com. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
16. "BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES" (PDF). fipa.gov.ba. Foreign Investment Promotion Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina. p. 42. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
17. "Roman Bridge is cultural and historical Treasure of Sarajevo's Settlement of Ilidza". SarajevoTimes. 18 January 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
18. "Posjeta bratskoj općini Zeytinburnu". opcinailidza.ba (in Bosnian). Ilidža. 28 March 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
19. "Kardeş Şehirler". izmit.bel.tr (in Turkish). İzmit. Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.

External links

• Official site

v t e Sarajevo
History of Sarajevo	Ancient times Middle Ages Early Ottoman Late Ottoman Sacking of Sarajevo Austria-Hungary Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Yugoslav era 1984 Winter Olympics Modern era Siege of Sarajevo Mayors (City Council) Timeline
Municipalities	City proper Centar Novi Grad Novo Sarajevo Stari Grad Urban area Ilidža Vogošća Istočna Ilidža Istočno Novo Sarajevo Istočni Stari Grad Metro area Hadžići Ilijaš Trnovo FBiH RS Pale Sokolac Breza Kiseljak Kreševo Visoko
Neighborhoods	Alipašino Polje Babića Bašća Baščaršija Čengić Vila Dobrinja Grbavica Džidžikovac Hrasno Koševo Mejtaš Marijin Dvor Otoka Višnjik Vratnik
Buildings and landmarks	Ambassadors' Alley ARIA Centar Avaz Twist Tower Bijela Tabija Bosmal City Center Clock Tower Despić House Eternal flame Goat's Bridge Greek-Bosnian Friendship Building Latin Bridge Morića Han Presidency Building Sarajevo Rose Sarajevo Tunnel Sarajevo Zoo Šeher-Ćehaja Bridge Skakavac Waterfall Svrzo's House UNITIC Towers Vidovdan Heroes Chapel Vraca Memorial Park Suada and Olga bridge Vrelo Bosne
Places of worship	Muslim Ali Pasha's Emperor's Ferhat-Pasha's Gazi Husrev-Bey's Istiqlal King Fahd's Hadžijska Catholic Sarajevo Cathedral St. Anthony's St. Joseph's Orthodox Serbian Orthodox Cathedral Sarajevo Old Orthodox Church Church of the Holy Transfiguration Jewish Sarajevo Synagogue Sarajevo Haggadah
Culture	Sarajevo National Theatre Sarajevo Philharmonic Orchestra Sarajevo Youth Theatre Sarajevo War Theatre Kamerni teatar 55 Vijećnica Gazi Husrev-beg Library Dom Mladih Bosnian Cultural Center International Center for Children and Youth Meeting Point Cinema HKD Napredak East West Theatre Company Jelićeva Theatre Open Stage Obala
Galleries and museums	Ars Aevi Museum of Contemporary Art Historical Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina National Museum National Gallery Museum of Literature and Theater Arts Sarajevo City Museum War Childhood Museum Duplex Art Gallery Gallery 11/07/95 Collegium Artisticum Sarajevo Winter Olympics Museum
Education	Public University of Sarajevo Academy of Fine Arts Academy of Performing Arts Faculty of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Political Science Faculty of Law Music Academy Private International Burch University International University of Sarajevo Sarajevo School of Science and Technology
Sports venues	Stadiums Koševo Stadium Grbavica Stadium Otoka Stadium Indoor arenas Skenderija Hall Zetra Olympic Hall
Transport	Sarajevo International Airport Sarajevo main railway station Sarajevo Tramway
Streets	Ferhadija street Marshal Tito street Sarači street Trg Oslobođenja - Alija Izetbegović Vilsonovo Šetalište
Events	Baščaršija Nights Sarajevo Winter Festival Jazz Fest Sarajevo Sarajevo Film Festival Balkan Photo Festival Pop-Up! Sarajevo WARM Festival Ilidža Folk Music Festival Al Jazeera Balkans Documentary Film Festival Pravo Ljudski Film Festival Sarajevo Youth Film Festival Sarajevo StreeAt Food Festival OPEN Fest Sarajevo MESS International Theatre Festival Sarajevo Pride Sarajevo Chamber Music Festival Sarajevo Beer Festival Sarajevo International Guitar Festival Ballet Fest Sarajevo Sarajevo Ramadan Festival Spiritus Progenitum Bookstan Sarajevo Half Marathon VIVA Film Festival Beton Fest Ballet Fest Sarajevo Sarajevo Street Art Festival Sarajevo Irish Festival Open University of Sarajevo SOS Design Festival FEDU Smile of Sarajevo Theatre Festival PitchWise Festival Juventafest InterDance Fest Sarajevo Evenings of Music
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v t e Municipalities of the Sarajevo Canton
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• Ilidža
• Populated places in the Sarajevo Canton
• Protected areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Populated places in Ilidža
• Spa towns in Bosnia and Herzegovina