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{{about|County Wexford in Ireland|the county in Michigan|Wexford County, Michigan}} {{about|County Wexford in Ireland|the county in Michigan|Wexford County, Michigan}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=July 2015}} {{Use Hiberno-English|date=July 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement {{Infobox settlement
| name = County Wexford | name = County Wexford
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| population_rank = ] | population_rank = ]
| population_as_of = 2022 | population_as_of = 2022
| population_footnotes = <ref name=cso2022>{{cite web |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cpr/censusofpopulation2022-preliminaryresults/geographicchanges/ |title=Census of Population 2022 – Preliminary Results |publisher=] |access-date=26 May 2023}}</ref> | population_footnotes = <ref name=cso2022>{{cite web |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cpr/censusofpopulation2022-preliminaryresults/geographicchanges/ |title=Census of Population 2022 – Preliminary Results |date=23 June 2022 |publisher=] |access-date=26 May 2023}}</ref>
| website = {{official website}} | website = {{official website}}
| timezone = ] | timezone = ]
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| utc_offset_DST = +1 | utc_offset_DST = +1
| established_title = Established | established_title = Established
| established_date = 1210<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/W/Wexford.php|title=County Wexford – Topographical Dictionary of Ireland (1837)|website=www.libraryireland.com|access-date=22 June 2019|archive-date=22 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622221717/https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/W/Wexford.php|url-status=live}}</ref> | established_date = 1210<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/W/Wexford.php|title=County Wexford – Topographical Dictionary of Ireland (1837)|website=libraryireland.com|access-date=22 June 2019|archive-date=22 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622221717/https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/W/Wexford.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
| area_code_type = ] | area_code_type = ]
| area_code = 051, 052, 053, 056 <small>(primarily)</small> | area_code = 051, 052, 053, 056 <small>(primarily)</small>
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| elevation_max_point = ] | elevation_max_point = ]
| module = {{infobox mapframe|zoom=7}} | module = {{infobox mapframe|zoom=7}}
| iso_code = IE-WX
}} }}
'''County Wexford''' ({{lang-ga|Contae Loch Garman}}) is a ] in ]. It is in the ] of ] and is part of the ]. Named after the town of ], it was based on the historic ] territory of ] (''Uí Ceinnsealaigh''), whose capital was ].{{sfn|Furlong|2003|p=18}}<ref>Byrne, ''Irish Kings and High Kings'', pp 130–164.</ref> ] is the ] for the county. The population of the county was 163,527 at the 2022 census.<ref name=cso2022/> '''County Wexford''' ({{langx|ga|Contae Loch Garman}}) is a ] in ]. It is in the ] of ] and is part of the ]. Named after the town of ], it was based on the historic ] territory of ] (''Uí Ceinnsealaigh''), whose capital was ].{{sfn|Furlong|2003|p=18}}<ref>Byrne, ''Irish Kings and High Kings'', pp 130–164.</ref> ] is the ] for the county. The population of the county was 163,527 at the 2022 census.<ref name=cso2022/>


==History== ==History==
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091002033558/http://www.megalithomania.com/show/image/2148/Ballybrittas.htm |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091002033558/http://www.megalithomania.com/show/image/2148/Ballybrittas.htm
|archive-date = 2 October 2009 |archive-date = 2 October 2009
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> and at ]<ref name="TombNewbawn">{{cite web }}</ref> and at ]<ref name="TombNewbawn">{{cite web
|url = http://www.megalithomania.com/show/image/7881/Newbawn.htm |url = http://www.megalithomania.com/show/image/7881/Newbawn.htm
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090331011243/http://www.megalithomania.com/show/image/7881/Newbawn.htm |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090331011243/http://www.megalithomania.com/show/image/7881/Newbawn.htm
|archive-date = 31 March 2009 |archive-date = 31 March 2009
}}</ref> and date from the ] period or earlier. Remains from the ] period are far more widespread.<ref name=StoutWex/> Early Irish tribes formed the Kingdom of Uí Cheinnsealaig, an area that was slightly larger than the current County Wexford.
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> and date from the ] period or earlier. Remains from the ] period are far more widespread.<ref name=StoutWex/> Early Irish tribes formed the Kingdom of Uí Cheinnsealaig, an area that was slightly larger than the current County Wexford.


County Wexford was one of the earliest areas of ] to be ], in the early 5th century. Later, from 819 onwards, the Vikings invaded and plundered many Christian sites in the county.<ref name= A.F.M.>] (A.F.M.){{circular reference|date=September 2021}}</ref> Vikings settled at Wexford town near the end of the 9th century.<ref name= A.F.M./> County Wexford was one of the earliest areas of ] to be ], in the early 5th century. Later, from 819 onwards, the Vikings invaded and plundered many Christian sites in the county.<ref name= A.F.M.>] (A.F.M.){{circular reference|date=September 2021}}</ref> Vikings settled at Wexford town near the end of the 9th century.<ref name= A.F.M./>
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In 1169, Wexford was the site of the invasion of Ireland by ] at the behest of ], King of Uí Cheinnsealaig and ] (Laigin). This was followed by the subsequent colonisation of the country by the ]. In 1169, Wexford was the site of the invasion of Ireland by ] at the behest of ], King of Uí Cheinnsealaig and ] (Laigin). This was followed by the subsequent colonisation of the country by the ].


The native Irish began to regain some of their former territories in the 14th century, especially in the north of the county, principally under ]. Under ], the great religious houses were dissolved, 1536–41; in County Wexford this included Glascarrig Priory, Clonmines Priory, ], and ]. The native Irish began to regain some of their former territories in the 14th century, especially in the north of the county, principally under ]. Under ], [[Dissolution of the monasteries|
the great religious houses were dissolved]], 1536–41; in County Wexford this included Glascarrig Priory, Clonmines Priory, ], and ].


On 23 October 1641, a major rebellion broke out in Ireland, and County Wexford produced strong support for ]. ] and his ] Army arrived in 1649 in the county and captured it. The lands of the Irish and Anglo-Normans were confiscated and given to Cromwell's soldiers as payment for their service in the Parliamentarian Army. At ], in the south-west of the county, ], after his defeat at the ], embarked for ] and then to exile in France. On 23 October 1641, a major rebellion broke out in Ireland, and County Wexford produced strong support for ]. ] and his ] Army arrived in 1649 in the county and captured it. The lands of the Irish and Anglo-Normans were confiscated and given to Cromwell's soldiers as payment for their service in the Parliamentarian Army. At ], in the south-west of the county, ], after his defeat at the ], embarked for ] and then to exile in France.
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111003231330/http://www.wexfordpeople.ie/news/bombing-of-campile-remembered-992708.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111003231330/http://www.wexfordpeople.ie/news/bombing-of-campile-remembered-992708.html
|archive-date = 3 October 2011 |archive-date = 3 October 2011
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> In 1963 ], then ], visited the county and his ancestral home at Dunganstown, near ]. }}</ref> In 1963 ], then ], visited the county and his ancestral home at Dunganstown, near ].


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|2016|149722 |2016|149722
|2022|163527 |2022|163527
||footnote=<ref name=cso2022/><ref name=cso2016>{{cite web | url = http://census.cso.ie/sapmap2016/Results.aspx?Geog_Type=CTY31&Geog_Code=2AE19629149C13A3E055000000000001 | title = Census 2016 Sapmap Area: County Wexford | publisher = ] | access-date = 20 November 2018 | archive-date = 20 November 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181120095559/http://census.cso.ie/sapmap2016/Results.aspx?Geog_Type=CTY31&Geog_Code=2AE19629149C13A3E055000000000001 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>For 1653 and 1659 figures from Civil Survey Census of those years, Paper of Mr Hardinge to Royal Irish Academy 14 March 1865.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.cso.ie/census|title= Server Error 404 – CSO – Central Statistics Office|website=www.cso.ie|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100920090814/http://cso.ie/census|archive-date=20 September 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.histpop.org/ohpr/servlet/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160507023856/http://www.histpop.org/|url-status=dead|title=HISTPOP.ORG – Home |archive-date=7 May 2016|website=www.histpop.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census |title=NISRA – Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (c) 2015 |publisher=Nisranew.nisra.gov.uk |date=2010-09-27 |access-date=2015-12-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120217095720/http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census |archive-date=17 February 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref><ref>{{cite book ||footnote=<ref name=cso2022/><ref name=cso2016>{{cite web | url = http://census.cso.ie/sapmap2016/Results.aspx?Geog_Type=CTY31&Geog_Code=2AE19629149C13A3E055000000000001 | title = Census 2016 Sapmap Area: County Wexford | publisher = ] | access-date = 20 November 2018 | archive-date = 20 November 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181120095559/http://census.cso.ie/sapmap2016/Results.aspx?Geog_Type=CTY31&Geog_Code=2AE19629149C13A3E055000000000001 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>For 1653 and 1659 figures from Civil Survey Census of those years, Paper of Mr Hardinge to Royal Irish Academy 14 March 1865.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.cso.ie/census|title= Server Error 404 – CSO – Central Statistics Office|website=cso.ie|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100920090814/http://cso.ie/census|archive-date=20 September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.histpop.org/ohpr/servlet/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160507023856/http://www.histpop.org/|url-status=dead|title=HISTPOP.ORG – Home |archive-date=7 May 2016|website=histpop.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census |title=NISRA – Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (c) 2015 |publisher=Nisranew.nisra.gov.uk |date=2010-09-27 |access-date=2015-12-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120217095720/http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census |archive-date=17 February 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book
|last= Lee|first= JJ| author-link = John Joseph Lee|editor-last= Goldstrom|editor-first=J. M.|editor2-last= Clarkson |last= Lee|first= JJ| author-link =J. J. Lee (historian)|editor-last= Goldstrom|editor-first=J. M.|editor2-last= Clarkson
|editor2-first= L. A.|title= Irish Population, Economy, and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell |editor2-first= L. A.|title= Irish Population, Economy, and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell
|year=1981|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford, England |year=1981|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford, England
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|publisher = Lonely Planet |publisher = Lonely Planet
|publication-date = 2020 |publication-date = 2020
|page =
|isbn = 9781788689700 |isbn = 9781788689700
|access-date = 24 July 2022 |access-date = 24 July 2022
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}} }}
</ref> </ref>
This has resulted in Wexford becoming one of the most popular places in Ireland in which to reside.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} The county has a mild, but changeable, ] with few extremes. The ], a continuation of the ], moderates winter temperatures. There is a ] located at ].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.met.ie/climate/rosslare.asp|title=Met Éireann – The Irish Weather Service|first=Met|last=Éireann|website=www.met.ie|url-status=dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080508021835/http://www.met.ie/climate/rosslare.asp|archive-date=8 May 2008|df= dmy-all|access-date=8 March 2008}}</ref> January and February are generally the coldest months, with temperatures ranging from {{convert|4|–|9|C|F}} on average.<ref name="RosslareMET30yrAv">{{cite web|url= http://www.met.ie/climate/rosslare.asp|title=Climate – 30 Year Averages – Rosslare MET Station – monthly and annual mean and extreme values (1961–1990)|work=MET ÉIREANN Website|access-date=14 May 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080508021835/http://www.met.ie/climate/rosslare.asp|archive-date=8 May 2008|df= dmy-all}}</ref> July and August are generally the warmest months, with average temperatures ranging from {{convert|13|–|19|C|F}} in coastal areas and {{convert|12|–|22|C|F}} in inland areas.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/1981-2010/rosslare.html |title=30 Year Averages, 1978–2007 Rosslare |publisher= Met.ie |date=1 January 2010 |access-date=6 August 2021 |archive-date=6 August 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210806133021/https://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/1981-2010/rosslare.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.met.ie/climate/temperature.asp |title= Temperature – Climate – Met Éireann – The Irish Meteorological Service Online |publisher= Met.ie |date= 2 January 1979 |access-date=20 August 2010 |archive-date=28 February 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180228220515/http://www.met.ie/climate/temperature.asp |url-status=live }}</ref> The ] blow from the south-west.<ref name="METwind">{{cite web|url= http://www.met.ie/climate/wind.asp|title=Climate – Wind|work=MET ÉIREANN Website|access-date=15 May 2008|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080508021532/http://www.met.ie/climate/wind.asp|archive-date=8 May 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Precipitation falls throughout the year. Mean annual rainfall is {{convert|800|–|1200|mm|inch}}.<ref name="METrainfall">{{cite web|url= http://www.met.ie/climate/rainfall.asp|title=Climate – Rainfall – & Map (Mean Annual Rainfall (mm) 1961–90)|work=MET ÉIREANN Website|access-date=15 May 2008|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070602061707/http://www.met.ie/climate/rainfall.asp|archive-date=2 June 2007|df= dmy-all}}</ref> Generally, the county receives less snow than more northerly parts of ]. Heavy snowfalls are relatively rare, but can occur. The one exception is ], visible from a large portion of the county, and frequently covered with snow during the winter months. ] is frequent in winter months, less so in coastal areas. This has resulted in Wexford becoming one of the most popular places in Ireland in which to reside.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} The county has a mild, but changeable, ] with few extremes. The ], a continuation of the ], moderates winter temperatures. There is a ] located at ].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.met.ie/climate/rosslare.asp|title=Met Éireann – The Irish Weather Service|first=Met|last=Éireann|website=met.ie|url-status=dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080508021835/http://www.met.ie/climate/rosslare.asp|archive-date=8 May 2008|access-date=8 March 2008}}</ref> January and February are generally the coldest months, with temperatures ranging from {{convert|4|–|9|C|F}} on average.<ref name="RosslareMET30yrAv">{{cite web|url= http://www.met.ie/climate/rosslare.asp|title=Climate – 30 Year Averages – Rosslare MET Station – monthly and annual mean and extreme values (1961–1990)|work=MET ÉIREANN Website|access-date=14 May 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080508021835/http://www.met.ie/climate/rosslare.asp|archive-date=8 May 2008}}</ref> July and August are generally the warmest months, with average temperatures ranging from {{convert|13|–|19|C|F}} in coastal areas and {{convert|12|–|22|C|F}} in inland areas.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/1981-2010/rosslare.html |title=30 Year Averages, 1978–2007 Rosslare |publisher= Met.ie |date=1 January 2010 |access-date=6 August 2021 |archive-date=6 August 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210806133021/https://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/1981-2010/rosslare.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.met.ie/climate/temperature.asp |title= Temperature – Climate – Met Éireann – The Irish Meteorological Service Online |publisher= Met.ie |date= 2 January 1979 |access-date=20 August 2010 |archive-date=28 February 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180228220515/http://www.met.ie/climate/temperature.asp |url-status=live }}</ref> The ] blow from the south-west.<ref name="METwind">{{cite web|url= http://www.met.ie/climate/wind.asp|title=Climate – Wind|work=MET ÉIREANN Website|access-date=15 May 2008|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080508021532/http://www.met.ie/climate/wind.asp|archive-date=8 May 2008}}</ref> Precipitation falls throughout the year. Mean annual rainfall is {{convert|800|–|1200|mm|inch}}.<ref name="METrainfall">{{cite web|url= http://www.met.ie/climate/rainfall.asp|title=Climate – Rainfall – & Map (Mean Annual Rainfall (mm) 1961–90)|work=MET ÉIREANN Website|access-date=15 May 2008|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070602061707/http://www.met.ie/climate/rainfall.asp|archive-date=2 June 2007}}</ref> Generally, the county receives less snow than more northerly parts of ]. Heavy snowfalls are relatively rare, but can occur. The one exception is ], visible from a large portion of the county, and frequently covered with snow during the winter months. ] is frequent in winter months, less so in coastal areas.


===Soil=== ===Soil===
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South-eastern Wexford is an important site for wild birds—the north side of ], the ], is home to 10,000 ] each winter (roughly one third of the entire world's population), while in the summer ] is an important breeding site for ]s, especially the ]. The ] is also seen. South-eastern Wexford is an important site for wild birds—the north side of ], the ], is home to 10,000 ] each winter (roughly one third of the entire world's population), while in the summer ] is an important breeding site for ]s, especially the ]. The ] is also seen.


Throughout the county ], ] and ] ] are widespread. ], ], ], and owls (the ], the ], and the ]) are less common – but plentiful. ], once common, is now extremely scarce. The species has been in decline for some decades. Threats include habitat degradation, disease, predation and over-hunting. Red grouse in Ireland are now considered threatened.<ref> {{webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070607150808/http://www.bto.org/birdtrack/bird_recording/red_list_ireland.htm |date= 7 June 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.client.teagasc.ie/environment/natural_heritage/Birds_of_conservation_concern_in_Ireland.asp |title= Teagasc – Environment |publisher=Client.teagasc.ie |access-date=2015-12-24 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120210200700/http://www.client.teagasc.ie/environment/natural_heritage/Birds_of_conservation_concern_in_Ireland.asp |archive-date=10 February 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ], also once very common, is now almost never seen. Smaller birds—such as crows, swallows, robins, wrens and so on—are very common. The first ] in ] were recorded by Robert Leigh, of Rosegarland, County Wexford, as having appeared in the County of Wexford about 1676.<ref>Herbert F. Hore (ed.), ''"A Chorographic Account of the Southern part of the County of Wexford, written Anno 1684, by Robert Leigh. Esq., of Rosegarland, in that County"'' in ''"The Journal of the Kilkenny and South-East of Ireland Archaeological Society"'' (Dublin, 1859), p. 467.</ref><ref>See William Thompson, ''"The Natural History of Ireland"'', Vol. 1 – (London, 1849), p. 328, for further details – other historical accounts mentioned here confirm Leigh's statement.</ref> Throughout the county ], ] and ]s are widespread. ], ], ], and owls (the ], the ], and the ]) are less common – but plentiful. ], once common, is now extremely scarce. The species has been in decline for some decades. Threats include habitat degradation, disease, predation and over-hunting. Red grouse in Ireland are now considered threatened.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070607150808/http://www.bto.org/birdtrack/bird_recording/red_list_ireland.htm|date=7 June 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.client.teagasc.ie/environment/natural_heritage/Birds_of_conservation_concern_in_Ireland.asp |title= Teagasc – Environment |publisher=Client.teagasc.ie |access-date=2015-12-24 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120210200700/http://www.client.teagasc.ie/environment/natural_heritage/Birds_of_conservation_concern_in_Ireland.asp |archive-date=10 February 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ], also once very common, is now almost never seen. Smaller birds—such as crows, swallows, robins, wrens and so on—are very common. The first ] in ] were recorded by Robert Leigh, of Rosegarland, County Wexford, as having appeared in the County of Wexford about 1676.<ref>Herbert F. Hore (ed.), ''"A Chorographic Account of the Southern part of the County of Wexford, written Anno 1684, by Robert Leigh. Esq., of Rosegarland, in that County"'' in ''"The Journal of the Kilkenny and South-East of Ireland Archaeological Society"'' (Dublin, 1859), p. 467.</ref><ref>See William Thompson, ''"The Natural History of Ireland"'', Vol. 1 – (London, 1849), p. 328, for further details – other historical accounts mentioned here confirm Leigh's statement.</ref>
Land mammals include ], ], ], ], ], ], ]s, ]s (] and ]), ]s (] and ] – both ]), and ] (] and ]). Two types of ]—the ] and the less common ]—are found. Hare is not nearly as common as rabbit. The ] (''Mustela erminea hibernica'') is also reasonably common. Locally the stoat is just as often incorrectly called a ]. Land mammals include ], ], ], ], ], ], ]s, ]s (] and ]), ]s (] and ] – both ]), and ] (] and ]). Two types of ]—the ] and the less common ]—are found. Hare is not nearly as common as rabbit. The ] (''Mustela erminea hibernica'') is also reasonably common. Locally the stoat is just as often incorrectly called a ].


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==Demographics== ==Demographics==
In 2016, the county had a total population of 149,722 people.<ref name=cso2016/> Of these, 61.4% (91,969 people) lived in rural areas and 38.6% (57,753 people) lived in urban areas.<ref name=cso2016UrbanRural>{{cite web | url = https://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=E2004&PLanguage=0 | title = Population and Actual and Percentage Change 2011 to 2016 by County and City, Sex, Aggregate Town or Rural Area, CensusYear and Statistic | publisher = ] | year = 2016 | access-date = 20 November 2018 | archive-date = 20 November 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181120095822/https://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=E2004&PLanguage=0 | url-status = live }}</ref> 83.8% of the population stated their religion as Roman Catholic, 7.1% other religions, and 7.5% stated they had no religion.<ref name=cso2016/> Between 2006 and 2011, the population increased by 10%, slowing to 3% between 2011 and 2016.<ref name=cso2016UrbanRural/> In 2022, the county had a total population of 163,919 people.<ref name=cso2016/> Of these, 61.4% (91,969 people) lived in rural areas and 38.6% (57,753 people) lived in urban areas.<ref name=cso2016UrbanRural>{{cite web | url = https://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=E2004&PLanguage=0 | title = Population and Actual and Percentage Change 2011 to 2016 by County and City, Sex, Aggregate Town or Rural Area, CensusYear and Statistic | publisher = ] | year = 2016 | access-date = 20 November 2018 | archive-date = 20 November 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181120095822/https://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=E2004&PLanguage=0 | url-status = live }}</ref> 83.8% of the population stated their religion as Roman Catholic, 7.1% other religions, and 7.5% stated they had no religion.<ref name=cso2016/> Between 2006 and 2011, the population increased by 10%, slowing to 3% between 2011 and 2016.<ref name=cso2016UrbanRural/>


===Urban areas and populations=== ===Urban areas and populations===
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|- |-
!Town !Town
!Population (2016) !Population (2022)
|- |-
|] |]
|20,188 |21,524
|- |-
|] |]
|11,381 |12,310
|- |-
|] |]
|9,822 |11,517
|- |-
|] |]
|8,040 |8,610
|- |-
|} |}


==Culture== ==Culture==
] memorial in ] town. A Wexford county flag has been "added" to the statue; 1798 and the rebel tradition form an important part of Wexford identity.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/as-a-kerryman-i-feel-empathy-with-wexford-and-its-strong-sense-of-identity-c02qx853k|title=As a Kerryman I feel empathy with Wexford and its strong sense of identity|first=Paul|last=Galvin|via=www.thetimes.co.uk|access-date=1 February 2020|archive-date=1 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201190722/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/as-a-kerryman-i-feel-empathy-with-wexford-and-its-strong-sense-of-identity-c02qx853k|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/hurling/sinead-kissane-did-wexfords-pride-in-their-history-and-identity-help-reboot-their-success-38287098.html|title=Sinéad Kissane: 'Did Wexford's pride in their history and identity help reboot their success?'|website=Independent.ie|access-date=1 February 2020|archive-date=1 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201183713/https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/hurling/sinead-kissane-did-wexfords-pride-in-their-history-and-identity-help-reboot-their-success-38287098.html|url-status=live}}</ref>]] ] memorial in ] town. A Wexford county flag has been "added" to the statue; 1798 and the rebel tradition form an important part of Wexford identity.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/as-a-kerryman-i-feel-empathy-with-wexford-and-its-strong-sense-of-identity-c02qx853k|title=As a Kerryman I feel empathy with Wexford and its strong sense of identity|first=Paul|last=Galvin|work=The Times|location=London|access-date=1 February 2020|archive-date=1 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201190722/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/as-a-kerryman-i-feel-empathy-with-wexford-and-its-strong-sense-of-identity-c02qx853k|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/hurling/sinead-kissane-did-wexfords-pride-in-their-history-and-identity-help-reboot-their-success-38287098.html|title=Sinéad Kissane: 'Did Wexford's pride in their history and identity help reboot their success?'|website=Irish Independent|date=6 July 2019 |access-date=1 February 2020|archive-date=1 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201183713/https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/hurling/sinead-kissane-did-wexfords-pride-in-their-history-and-identity-help-reboot-their-success-38287098.html|url-status=live}}</ref>]]
Since 1951, an ] festival, ], takes place every year in the Theatre Royal in Wexford town and runs for several weeks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wexfordopera.com|title=Wexford Festival Opera|work=wexfordopera.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511223326/http://wexfordopera.com/|archive-date=11 May 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> In 2008, a new Opera House replaced the old one on the same site, once called the Wexford Opera House, but in 2014 being designated as Ireland's ]. It consists of two theatres, the O'Reilly Theatre and the Jerome Hynes Theatre. Since 1951, an ] festival, ], takes place every year in the Theatre Royal in Wexford town and runs for several weeks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wexfordopera.com|title=Wexford Festival Opera|work=wexfordopera.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511223326/http://wexfordopera.com/|archive-date=11 May 2008}}</ref> In 2008, a new Opera House replaced the old one on the same site, once called the Wexford Opera House, but in 2014 being designated as Ireland's ]. It consists of two theatres, the O'Reilly Theatre and the Jerome Hynes Theatre.


There is a renowned singing tradition in County Wexford. Having an abundance of traditional songs, many of which relate to the ], the county has for many years had a strong presence in the Irish traditional singing scene. Noted singers include ] ], Seamus Brogan and Niall Wall. Paddy Berry has also collected and published a number of songs from Wexford. There is a renowned singing tradition in County Wexford. Having an abundance of traditional songs, many of which relate to the ], the county has for many years had a strong presence in the Irish traditional singing scene. Noted singers include ] ], Seamus Brogan and Niall Wall. Paddy Berry has also collected and published a number of songs from Wexford.


Beaches in ], County Wexford were used to film the opening scenes of the movie '']'', which depicted the ] assault on ]. '']'', directed by ], was partly filmed in the village of ] in 2000 Duncannon Fort being used for one of the main scenes.<ref name=WexPeop28Aug2000>{{cite news Beaches in ], County Wexford were used to film the opening scenes of the movie '']'', which depicted the ] assault on ]. '']'', directed by ], was partly filmed in the village of ] in 2000 Duncannon Fort being used for one of the main scenes.<ref name=WexPeop28Aug2000>{{cite news
| title = Count of Monte Cristo comes to Duncannon | title = Count of Monte Cristo comes to Duncannon
| work = Wexford People | work = Wexford People
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| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120723014138/http://www.wexfordpeople.ie/news/count-of-monte-cristo-comes-to-duncannon-992630.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120723014138/http://www.wexfordpeople.ie/news/count-of-monte-cristo-comes-to-duncannon-992630.html
| url-status = live | url-status = live
}}</ref> The movie ] was partially set and filmed in ] and featured some of the locals as extras. }}</ref> The movie '']'' was partially set and filmed in ] and featured some of the locals as extras.


==Media== ==Media==
Two radio stations are based in the county: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.southeastradio.ie/|title=South East Radio – Wexford|work=southeastradio.ie|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408071626/http://www.southeastradio.ie/|archive-date=8 April 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.beat102103.com/ |title=Beat 102 103 – Beat Homepage |access-date=2008-01-07 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105021215/http://www.beat102103.com/ |archive-date=5 January 2008 |df=dmy-all }} Beat 102-103's official website</ref> Two radio stations are based in the county: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.southeastradio.ie/|title=South East Radio – Wexford|work=southeastradio.ie|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408071626/http://www.southeastradio.ie/|archive-date=8 April 2008}}</ref> and ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.beat102103.com/ |title=Beat 102 103 – Beat Homepage |access-date=2008-01-07 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105021215/http://www.beat102103.com/ |archive-date=5 January 2008 }} Beat 102-103's official website</ref>


The county's main newspapers include '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']''. The county's main newspapers include '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']''.
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*] Castle and Museum *] Castle and Museum
*] *]
*National 1798 Visitor Centre<ref name="Nat1798VisitCent">{{cite web|url=http://www.iol.ie/~98com/|title=National 1798 Visitor Centre|work=National 1798 Visitor Centre Website|access-date=15 May 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511072551/http://www.iol.ie/~98com/|archive-date=11 May 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> *National 1798 Visitor Centre<ref name="Nat1798VisitCent">{{cite web|url=http://www.iol.ie/~98com/|title=National 1798 Visitor Centre|work=National 1798 Visitor Centre Website|access-date=15 May 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511072551/http://www.iol.ie/~98com/|archive-date=11 May 2008}}</ref>
*] *]
*The ] *The ]
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110125110414/http://www.abandonedireland.com/castleboro.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110125110414/http://www.abandonedireland.com/castleboro.html
|archive-date = 25 January 2011 |archive-date = 25 January 2011
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> }}</ref>
*The Seven 'Castles' of Clonmines *The Seven 'Castles' of Clonmines
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080509145457/http://www.dunbrodyabbey.com/ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080509145457/http://www.dunbrodyabbey.com/
|archive-date = 9 May 2008 |archive-date = 9 May 2008
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> }}</ref>
*] *]
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|first = Laura |first = Laura
|title = Spanish energy firm Endesa putting Irish unit up for sale |title = Spanish energy firm Endesa putting Irish unit up for sale
|newspaper = ] |newspaper = ]
|date = 26 February 2011 |date = 26 February 2011
|url = http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/finance/2011/0226/1224290925445.html |url = http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/finance/2011/0226/1224290925445.html
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110305005918/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/finance/2011/0226/1224290925445.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110305005918/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/finance/2011/0226/1224290925445.html
|archive-date = 5 March 2011 |archive-date = 5 March 2011
}}</ref> It is an electricity-generating station fueled by ] and rated at 240&nbsp;MW.<ref name=project>{{cite web
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> It is an electricity-generating station fueled by ] and rated at 240&nbsp;MW.<ref name=project>{{cite web
|title = Endesa Ireland – Great Island Power Project – Project Description |title = Endesa Ireland – Great Island Power Project – Project Description
|publisher = ] |publisher = ]
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120425125916/http://greatislandpowerproject.com/project-description.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120425125916/http://greatislandpowerproject.com/project-description.html
|archive-date = 25 April 2012 |archive-date = 25 April 2012
}}</ref> It is located at the confluence of the rivers ] and ], near ]. Before its sale, the station was scheduled to close by 2010.<ref name=ESBweb>{{cite web
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> It is located at the confluence of the rivers ] and ], near ]. Before its sale, the station was scheduled to close by 2010.<ref name=ESBweb>{{cite web
|url= http://www.esb.ie/main/about_esb/powerstations/greatisland/home/index.jsp |url= http://www.esb.ie/main/about_esb/powerstations/greatisland/home/index.jsp
|title= Great Island generating station |title= Great Island generating station
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090330160026/http://www.newrossstandard.ie/news/no-more-smoke-from-chimneys-1364731.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090330160026/http://www.newrossstandard.ie/news/no-more-smoke-from-chimneys-1364731.html
|archive-date = 30 March 2009 |archive-date = 30 March 2009
}}</ref> Endesa propose building a 430&nbsp;MW ] (CCGT) ] fired plant on the site.<ref name=project /> The project would need a new {{convert|44.5|km|mi|abbr=on}} gas pipeline from the existing transmission network at Baunlusk, {{convert|6|km|mi|abbr=on}} south of ] City.<ref>{{cite news
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> Endesa propose building a 430&nbsp;MW ] (CCGT) ] fired plant on the site.<ref name=project /> The project would need a new {{convert|44.5|km|mi|abbr=on}} gas pipeline from the existing transmission network at Baunlusk, {{convert|6|km|mi|abbr=on}} south of ] City.<ref>{{cite news
|title = Great Island pipeline plan |title = Great Island pipeline plan
|newspaper = ] |newspaper = ]
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120402051008/http://www.newrossstandard.ie/news/great-island-pipeline-plan-2922497.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120402051008/http://www.newrossstandard.ie/news/great-island-pipeline-plan-2922497.html
|archive-date = 2 April 2012 |archive-date = 2 April 2012
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> A ] has now been built on the site, featuring 14 wind turbines generating electricity. It was completed in November 2002 and was the first wind farm on the east coast of Ireland. Wind farms now exist at a few other locations in the county, such as ], at Cahore (near ]), on the county's east coast, and Richfield wind farm, located in the southeast of the county. }}</ref> A ] has now been built on the site, featuring 14 wind turbines generating electricity. It was completed in November 2002 and was the first wind farm on the east coast of Ireland. Wind farms now exist at a few other locations in the county, such as ], at Cahore (near ]), on the county's east coast, and Richfield wind farm, located in the southeast of the county.


==Transport== ==Transport==
* '''Bus:''' Wexford and Dublin are linked by ] route 2,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://buseireann.ie/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007172040/http://buseireann.ie/pdf/1377070780-002.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Bus Éireann – View Ireland Bus and Coach Timetables & Buy Tickets|archive-date=7 October 2013|website=buseireann.ie}}</ref> while route 5 operates Waterford-New Ross-Enniscorthy-Dublin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://buseireann.ie/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130913124256/http://buseireann.ie/pdf/1360752674-005.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Bus Éireann – View Ireland Bus and Coach Timetables & Buy Tickets|archive-date=13 September 2013|website=buseireann.ie}}</ref> There are numerous local bus routes radiating from Wexford town to places such as ], ], ]. * '''Bus:''' Wexford and Dublin are linked by ] route 2<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://buseireann.ie/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007172040/http://buseireann.ie/pdf/1377070780-002.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Bus Éireann – View Ireland Bus and Coach Timetables & Buy Tickets|archive-date=7 October 2013|website=buseireann.ie}}</ref> and Wexford Bus routes 740 and 740A. While route 5 operates Waterford-New Ross-Enniscorthy-Dublin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://buseireann.ie/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130913124256/http://buseireann.ie/pdf/1360752674-005.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Bus Éireann – View Ireland Bus and Coach Timetables & Buy Tickets|archive-date=13 September 2013|website=buseireann.ie}}</ref> There are numerous local bus routes radiating from Wexford town to places such as ], ], ].
* '''Rail:''' The ] runs through the county, serving Rosslare Europort, Rosslare Strand, Wexford, Enniscorthy and Gorey. Four trains run in each direction daily (three at weekends), with additional commuter services from Gorey. The ] which traverses the southern part of the county is now mothballed but being maintained (it served stations at ], ], ] and ]). * '''Rail:''' The ] runs through the county, serving Rosslare Europort, Rosslare Strand, Wexford, Enniscorthy and Gorey. Four trains run in each direction daily (three at weekends), with additional commuter services from Gorey. The ] which traverses the southern part of the county is now mothballed but being maintained (it served stations at ], ], ] and ]).
* '''Ferry:''' ], located at ], operates a busy ] service. There are regular sailings to ] (] and ]) and ] (] and in the summer months to ]) for passengers and vehicles. There is also ferry service in operation between ] and ] (County Waterford), crossing the ]. * '''Ferry:''' ], located at ], operates a busy ] service. There are regular sailings to ] (] and ]) and ] (] and in the summer months to ]) for passengers and vehicles. There is also ferry service in operation between ] and ] (County Waterford), crossing the ].
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===Golf=== ===Golf===
] ]
There are numerous golf clubs in the county – including ] (a ]),<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511182938/http://www.rosslaregolf.com/ |date=11 May 2008 }} (18 holes).</ref> and Enniscorthy.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914141538/http://www.enniscorthygc.ie/ |date=14 September 2008 }} (18 holes).</ref> Two more are located near Gorey – Ballymoney Golf Club and Courtown Golf Club – are 18 hole golf courses.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515211316/http://www.courtowngolfclub.com/ |date=15 May 2008 }}.</ref> Bunclody Golf and Fishing Club, boasting Europe's only golf lift, is situated just inside ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bunclodygfc.ie/|title=Wexford Golf Club Bunclody|work=bunclodygfc.ie|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090529201034/http://www.bunclodygfc.ie/|archive-date=29 May 2009|df=dmy-all}}</ref> There are also a few others. ], however, is actually located in ] – about 1&nbsp;km (1,000 yards) from New Ross town.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071129135420/http://www.newrossgolfclub.ie/cfdocs/portaal/dhtml4/nrg_ph4_index.cfm?dh4_ID=5&ste_ID=1 |date=29 November 2007 }} on New Ross Golf Club website.</ref> There are numerous golf clubs in the county – including ] (a ]),<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511182938/http://www.rosslaregolf.com/ |date=11 May 2008 }} (18 holes).</ref> and Enniscorthy.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914141538/http://www.enniscorthygc.ie/ |date=14 September 2008 }} (18 holes).</ref> Two more are located near Gorey – Ballymoney Golf Club and Courtown Golf Club – are 18 hole golf courses.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515211316/http://www.courtowngolfclub.com/ |date=15 May 2008 }}.</ref> Bunclody Golf and Fishing Club, boasting Europe's only golf lift, is situated just inside ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bunclodygfc.ie/|title=Wexford Golf Club Bunclody|work=bunclodygfc.ie|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090529201034/http://www.bunclodygfc.ie/|archive-date=29 May 2009}}</ref> There are also a few others. ], however, is actually located in ] – about 1&nbsp;km (1,000 yards) from New Ross town.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071129135420/http://www.newrossgolfclub.ie/cfdocs/portaal/dhtml4/nrg_ph4_index.cfm?dh4_ID=5&ste_ID=1 |date=29 November 2007 }} on New Ross Golf Club website.</ref>


There are also many par-3 courses in the county, such as Scarke Golf Course & Driving Range,<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528231046/http://www.scarkegolf.com/ |date=28 May 2008 }}.</ref> located about {{convert|2|km|mi|abbr=on}} east of New Ross, the 'Abbey Par 3' course, at Winningtown, Fethard-on-Sea, Blackwater Par 3 Golf Course,<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512092325/http://www.blackwatergolfpar3.com/ |date=12 May 2008 }}.</ref> Kilnew, Blackwater, located a few kilometres northeast of Wexford town, Garrylough Golf Course and Driving Range, Screen, and Rathaspeck Manor Golf Course, Rathaspeck, near Rosslare (there are also few Par-4 holes on this course). There are also a number of other Par-3 courses in the county. There are also many par-3 courses in the county, such as Scarke Golf Course & Driving Range,<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528231046/http://www.scarkegolf.com/ |date=28 May 2008 }}.</ref> located about {{convert|2|km|mi|abbr=on}} east of New Ross, the 'Abbey Par 3' course, at Winningtown, Fethard-on-Sea, Blackwater Par 3 Golf Course,<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512092325/http://www.blackwatergolfpar3.com/ |date=12 May 2008 }}.</ref> Kilnew, Blackwater, located a few kilometres northeast of Wexford town, Garrylough Golf Course and Driving Range, Screen, and Rathaspeck Manor Golf Course, Rathaspeck, near Rosslare (there are also few Par-4 holes on this course). There are also a number of other Par-3 courses in the county.
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===Racing=== ===Racing===
Wexford Racecourse (]) is located at ]<ref name=WexRaceC>{{cite web| title =Wexford Racecourse| url =http://www.wexfordraces.ie/| access-date =10 May 2008| url-status =live| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080521180116/http://www.wexfordraces.ie/| archive-date =21 May 2008| df =dmy-all}}</ref> Wexford Racecourse (]) is in ]<ref name=WexRaceC>{{cite web| title =Wexford Racecourse| url =http://www.wexfordraces.ie/| access-date =10 May 2008| url-status =live| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080521180116/http://www.wexfordraces.ie/| archive-date =21 May 2008}}</ref>
and there is a Greyhound Racing track at ].<ref name=WexGreyhC>{{cite web| title =Enniscorthy Greyhound Track| work =Irish Greyhound Board website| url =http://www.igb.ie/stadia/enniscorthy/| access-date =10 May 2008| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080524074313/http://www.igb.ie/stadia/enniscorthy/| archive-date =24 May 2008| df =dmy-all}}</ref> and there is a Greyhound Racing track at ].<ref name=WexGreyhC>{{cite web| title =Enniscorthy Greyhound Track| work =Irish Greyhound Board website| url =http://www.igb.ie/stadia/enniscorthy/| access-date =10 May 2008| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080524074313/http://www.igb.ie/stadia/enniscorthy/| archive-date =24 May 2008}}</ref>


==People== ==People==
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*] – ], song collector and folklorist *] – ], song collector and folklorist
*] – musician *] – musician
*] – New York-born comedian, went to school in County Wexford *] – New York-raised comedian, went to school in County Wexford
*] ONZ – former Prime Minister of New Zealand.<ref>]{{circular reference|date=September 2021}}</ref> *] ONZ – former Prime Minister of New Zealand.<ref>]{{circular reference|date=September 2021}}</ref>
*] – horse trainer.<ref>]{{circular reference|date=September 2021}}</ref> *] – horse trainer.<ref>]{{circular reference|date=September 2021}}</ref>
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*] – former RC Bishop of Ferns *] – former RC Bishop of Ferns
*] – writer, journalist and historian *] – writer, journalist and historian
*] – 20th-century Irish furniture designer and architect and a pioneer of the Modern Movement in architecture, raised in ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eileengray.co.uk/|title=ARAM – Eileen Gray|website=www.eileengray.co.uk|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823161829/http://www.eileengray.co.uk/|archive-date=23 August 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> *] – 20th-century Irish furniture designer and architect and a pioneer of the Modern Movement in architecture, raised in ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eileengray.co.uk/|title=ARAM – Eileen Gray|website=eileengray.co.uk|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823161829/http://www.eileengray.co.uk/|archive-date=23 August 2013}}</ref>
*] (Mrs. S.C. Hall) – 19th-century novelist, raised in ]<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005185408/http://www.ricorso.net/rx/az-data/index.htm |date=5 October 2016 }} on Ricorso</ref> *] (Mrs. S.C. Hall) – 19th-century novelist, raised in ]<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005185408/http://www.ricorso.net/rx/az-data/index.htm |date=5 October 2016 }} on Ricorso</ref>
*] – recipient of the ] *] – recipient of the ]
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*] – historian *] – historian
*] – iron founder *] – iron founder
*Bridget Murphy (Kennedy) – great-grandmother of ] (former ]).
*Patrick Kennedy – great-grandfather of ] (former ]). *Patrick Kennedy – great-grandfather of ] (former ]).
*] – participant in the Irish Rebellion of 1798. *] – participant in the Irish Rebellion of 1798.
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==References== ==References==

<div class="font-size:9px">
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}
</div>


==Bibliography== ==Bibliography==

Latest revision as of 22:00, 12 December 2024

County in Ireland This article is about County Wexford in Ireland. For the county in Michigan, see Wexford County, Michigan.

County in Leinster, Ireland
County Wexford Contae Loch Garman
County
Coat of arms of County WexfordCoat of arms
Nickname: The Model County
Motto(s): Exemplar Hiberniae  (Latin)
"An example to Ireland"
"Sampla na hÉireann"
Location in IrelandLocation in Ireland
Coordinates: 52°30′N 6°45′W / 52.5°N 6.75°W / 52.5; -6.75
CountryIreland
ProvinceLeinster
RegionSouthern
Established1210
County townWexford
Government
 • Local authorityWexford County Council
 • Dáil constituencyWexford
 • EP constituencySouth
Area
 • Total2,367 km (914 sq mi)
 • Rank13th
Highest elevation794 m (2,605 ft)
Population
 • Total163,527
 • Rank14th
 • Density69/km (180/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC±0 (WET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (IST)
Eircode routing keysY21, Y25, Y34, Y35 (primarily)
Telephone area codes051, 052, 053, 056 (primarily)
ISO 3166 codeIE-WX
Vehicle index
mark code
WX
WebsiteOfficial website Edit this at Wikidata

County Wexford (Irish: Contae Loch Garman) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. Named after the town of Wexford, it was based on the historic Gaelic territory of Hy Kinsella (Uí Ceinnsealaigh), whose capital was Ferns. Wexford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 163,527 at the 2022 census.

History

Main article: History of County Wexford
Enniscorthy Castle
Wexford town c. 1800.

The county is rich in evidence of early human habitation. Portal tombs (sometimes called dolmens) exist at Ballybrittas (on Bree Hill) and at Newbawn – and date from the Neolithic period or earlier. Remains from the Bronze Age period are far more widespread. Early Irish tribes formed the Kingdom of Uí Cheinnsealaig, an area that was slightly larger than the current County Wexford.

County Wexford was one of the earliest areas of Ireland to be Christianised, in the early 5th century. Later, from 819 onwards, the Vikings invaded and plundered many Christian sites in the county. Vikings settled at Wexford town near the end of the 9th century.

In 1169, Wexford was the site of the invasion of Ireland by Normans at the behest of Diarmuid Mac Murrough, King of Uí Cheinnsealaig and king of Leinster (Laigin). This was followed by the subsequent colonisation of the country by the Cambro-Normans.

The native Irish began to regain some of their former territories in the 14th century, especially in the north of the county, principally under Art MacMurrough Kavanagh. Under Henry VIII, the great religious houses were dissolved, 1536–41; in County Wexford this included Glascarrig Priory, Clonmines Priory, Tintern Abbey, and Dunbrody Abbey.

On 23 October 1641, a major rebellion broke out in Ireland, and County Wexford produced strong support for Confederate Ireland. Oliver Cromwell and his English Parliamentarian Army arrived in 1649 in the county and captured it. The lands of the Irish and Anglo-Normans were confiscated and given to Cromwell's soldiers as payment for their service in the Parliamentarian Army. At Duncannon, in the south-west of the county, James II, after his defeat at the Battle of the Boyne, embarked for Kinsale and then to exile in France.

County Wexford was the most important area in which the Irish Rebellion of 1798 was fought, during which significant battles occurred at The Battle of Oulart Hill during the 1798 rebellion. Vinegar Hill (Enniscorthy) and New Ross. The famous ballad "Boolavogue" was written in remembrance of the Wexford Rising. At Easter 1916, a small rebellion occurred at Enniscorthy town, on cue with that in Dublin. During World War II, German planes bombed Campile. In 1963 John F. Kennedy, then President of the United States, visited the county and his ancestral home at Dunganstown, near New Ross.

Geography and subdivisions

Wexford is the 13th-largest of Ireland's thirty-two traditional counties in area, and 9th-largest in terms of population. It is the largest of Leinster's 12 counties in size, and fourth-largest in terms of population. The county is located in the south-east corner of the island of Ireland. It is bounded by the sea on two sides—on the south by the Atlantic Ocean and on the east by St. George's Channel and the Irish Sea. The River Barrow forms its western boundary. The Blackstairs Mountains form part of the boundary to the north, as do the southern edges of the Wicklow Mountains. The adjoining counties are Waterford to the south-west, Kilkenny to the west, Carlow to the north-west and Wicklow in the north.

Towns and villages

Historical population
YearPop.±%
15004,550—    
15104,344−4.5%
15505,010+15.3%
15806,224+24.2%
15859,870+58.6%
160012,343+25.1%
16103,456−72.0%
165313,004+276.3%
165911,680−10.2%
166813,351+14.3%
167215,339+14.9%
168029,875+94.8%
169036,310+21.5%
170048,660+34.0%
170552,399+7.7%
171068,980+31.6%
171571,445+3.6%
172079,880+11.8%
172583,455+4.5%
173588,611+6.2%
174587,222−1.6%
175584,114−3.6%
176581,396−3.2%
177184,233+3.5%
177587,222+3.5%
178190,566+3.8%
1788104,760+15.7%
1790125,881+20.2%
1801120,688−4.1%
1811131,970+9.3%
1813128,455−2.7%
1816141,389+10.1%
1821155,377+9.9%
1821170,806+9.9%
1831182,713+7.0%
1841202,033+10.6%
1851180,158−10.8%
1861143,954−20.1%
1871132,666−7.8%
1881123,854−6.6%
1891111,778−9.8%
1901104,104−6.9%
1911102,273−1.8%
192695,848−6.3%
193694,245−1.7%
194691,855−2.5%
195190,032−2.0%
195687,259−3.1%
196183,308−4.5%
196683,437+0.2%
197186,351+3.5%
197996,421+11.7%
198199,081+2.8%
1986102,552+3.5%
1991102,069−0.5%
1996104,371+2.3%
2002116,596+11.7%
2006131,749+13.0%
2011145,320+10.3%
2016149,722+3.0%
2022163,527+9.2%

Mountains and hills

Mount Leinster

Largely low-lying fertile land is the characteristic landscape of the county. The highest point in the county is Mount Leinster at 795 metres (2,608 ft), in the Blackstairs Mountains in the north-west on the boundary with County Carlow.

Other high points:

  • Black Rock Mountain, 599 m (1,965 ft), located near the Wexford-Carlow border, within County Wexford.
  • Croghan Mountain (or Croghan Kinsella) on the Wexford-Wicklow border – 606 m (1,988 ft)
  • Annagh Hill, 454 m (1,490 ft), near the Wicklow border
  • Slieveboy, 420 m (1,380 ft)

Notable hills include: Carrigbyrne Hill; Camross (or Camaross) Hill, 181 m (594 ft); Carrigmaistia, 167 m (548 ft); Bree Hill, 179 m (587 ft); Gibbet Hill; Vinegar Hill; Slievecoiltia; Forth Mountain, 237 m (778 ft); and Tara Hill.

Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy Bridge, the longest in Ireland, crossing the River Barrow near New Ross

Rivers and lakes

The major rivers are the Slaney and the Barrow. At 192 km (119 mi) in length, the river Barrow is the second-longest river on the island of Ireland. Smaller rivers of note are the Owenduff, Pollmounty, Corrock, Urrin, Boro, Owenavorragh (also spelt Ounavarra), Sow and Bann rivers.

There are no significant fresh-water lakes in the county. Small seaside lakes or lagoons exist at two locations – one is called Lady's Island Lake and the other Tacumshin Lake.

The Wexford Cot is a flat-bottomed boat used for fishing on the tidal mudflats in Wexford. A canoe-shaped punt fitted with a gun, called a float in Wexford, is used traditionally to shoot game birds in the North Slob mud flats.

Islands

The Saltee Islands lie 5 km (3 mi) offshore from Kilmore Quay, while the smaller Keeragh Islands are 1.5 km (1 mi) offshore from Bannow.

Climate

Curracloe Beach

County Wexford, sometimes dubbed Ireland's "sunny southeast", has in general a higher number of hours of sunshine recorded daily than in the rest of the country. This has resulted in Wexford becoming one of the most popular places in Ireland in which to reside. The county has a mild, but changeable, oceanic climate with few extremes. The North Atlantic Drift, a continuation of the Gulf Stream, moderates winter temperatures. There is a meteorological station located at Rosslare Harbour. January and February are generally the coldest months, with temperatures ranging from 4–9 °C (39–48 °F) on average. July and August are generally the warmest months, with average temperatures ranging from 13–19 °C (55–66 °F) in coastal areas and 12–22 °C (54–72 °F) in inland areas. The prevailing winds blow from the south-west. Precipitation falls throughout the year. Mean annual rainfall is 800–1,200 millimetres (31–47 in). Generally, the county receives less snow than more northerly parts of Ireland. Heavy snowfalls are relatively rare, but can occur. The one exception is Mount Leinster, visible from a large portion of the county, and frequently covered with snow during the winter months. Frost is frequent in winter months, less so in coastal areas.

Soil

An ice sheet covered most, but not all, of the county during the last Ice age. As the ice retreated, County Wexford would have been one of the first areas to be covered with glacial drift (a mixture of boulders, clay, sand and gravel) that blanketed the existing bedrock. This has led to high-quality soils, suitable for a wide range of agriculture. A very detailed soil survey of the county was published in 1964 as part of the 'National Soil Survey of Ireland'. It classifies each area of the county according to its specific soil type.

Most of the county is covered with soils called brown earths, described as well-drained and having a wide use-range. After that, gleys (poorly to imperfectly drained with a limited use-range) are the next major soil type, primarily located in the south-east of the county and east of Gorey (along the coast). Gleys are dotted elsewhere around the county in small areas, and where they occur they generally form bogland. The last major soil type, brown podzolics, occur mainly near the edges of the Blackstairs Mountain range and around Bunclody and in the baronies of East Shelmalier and South Ballaghkeen. Though there are areas covered with other soil types, these are of limited extent.

Flora

Common species of tree include oak, ash, sycamore, alder, blackthorn, hawthorn, beech and birch. Less common (but plentiful) species include wild cherry and Scots pine (also called red deal). Elm is now far less common, due to the devastating effects of Dutch elm disease. Gorse (or furze) is very common. A priority habitat in Wexford is the grey dune, on which many native wild flora grow, including bee orchid and pyramidal orchid. Despite the designation of much of this habitat as a Special Area of Conservation, it remains threatened by destruction for agricultural intensification. There is very little natural forest in the county. Most natural trees and vegetation grow on hedgerows.

Fauna

South-eastern Wexford is an important site for wild birds—the north side of Wexford Harbour, the North Slob, is home to 10,000 Greenland white-fronted geese each winter (roughly one third of the entire world's population), while in the summer Lady's Island Lake is an important breeding site for terns, especially the roseate tern. The grey heron is also seen.

Throughout the county pheasant, woodpigeon and feral pigeons are widespread. Mute swan, mallard, kingfisher, and owls (the long-eared owl, the short-eared owl, and the barn owl) are less common – but plentiful. Red grouse, once common, is now extremely scarce. The species has been in decline for some decades. Threats include habitat degradation, disease, predation and over-hunting. Red grouse in Ireland are now considered threatened. The corncrake, also once very common, is now almost never seen. Smaller birds—such as crows, swallows, robins, wrens and so on—are very common. The first magpies in Ireland were recorded by Robert Leigh, of Rosegarland, County Wexford, as having appeared in the County of Wexford about 1676. Land mammals include badger, rabbit, otter, hedgehog, red fox, mink, bats, squirrels (red and grey), rats (brown and black – both introduced species), and mice (wood (or field) and house). Two types of hare—the Irish (or mountain) hare and the less common brown (or European) hare—are found. Hare is not nearly as common as rabbit. The stoat (Mustela erminea hibernica) is also reasonably common. Locally the stoat is just as often incorrectly called a weasel.

Only two types of seal are found on County Wexford's coast—Atlantic grey seals are very plentiful in coastal areas; the slightly smaller common (or harbour) seal is less common, yet plentiful. The small tortoiseshell butterfly (reddish-orange colour, with black markings) is the most common species of butterfly in the county. Various types of moth are also common. The common frog – the only type of frog found – is plentiful.

Governance and politics

Local government

Wexford County Council has thirty-four members. The council has three representatives on the Southern Regional Assembly, where it is part of the South-East strategic planning area.

National politics

County Wexford is represented by the Dáil constituency of Wexford (5 seats).

The county is part of the European Parliament constituency of South (5 seats).

Demographics

In 2022, the county had a total population of 163,919 people. Of these, 61.4% (91,969 people) lived in rural areas and 38.6% (57,753 people) lived in urban areas. 83.8% of the population stated their religion as Roman Catholic, 7.1% other religions, and 7.5% stated they had no religion. Between 2006 and 2011, the population increased by 10%, slowing to 3% between 2011 and 2016.

Urban areas and populations

Town Population (2022)
Wexford 21,524
Enniscorthy 12,310
Gorey 11,517
New Ross 8,610

Culture

The "Pikeman" statue, a 1798 Rebellion memorial in Wexford town. A Wexford county flag has been "added" to the statue; 1798 and the rebel tradition form an important part of Wexford identity.

Since 1951, an opera festival, Wexford Festival Opera, takes place every year in the Theatre Royal in Wexford town and runs for several weeks. In 2008, a new Opera House replaced the old one on the same site, once called the Wexford Opera House, but in 2014 being designated as Ireland's National Opera House. It consists of two theatres, the O'Reilly Theatre and the Jerome Hynes Theatre.

There is a renowned singing tradition in County Wexford. Having an abundance of traditional songs, many of which relate to the rebellion of 1798, the county has for many years had a strong presence in the Irish traditional singing scene. Noted singers include All-Ireland Fleadh Champions Paddy Berry, Seamus Brogan and Niall Wall. Paddy Berry has also collected and published a number of songs from Wexford.

Beaches in Curracloe, County Wexford were used to film the opening scenes of the movie Saving Private Ryan, which depicted the D-day assault on Omaha Beach. The Count of Monte Cristo, directed by Kevin Reynolds, was partly filmed in the village of Duncannon in 2000 – Duncannon Fort being used for one of the main scenes. The movie Brooklyn was partially set and filmed in Enniscorthy and featured some of the locals as extras.

Media

Two radio stations are based in the county: South East Radio and Beat 102-103.

The county's main newspapers include Wexford People, New Ross Standard, Gorey Guardian, and Enniscorthy Echo.

Places of interest

The scenic Bannow Drive, popular amongst tourists, is a signposted route through four Wexford villages: Duncormick, Cullenstown, Bannow and Wellingtonbridge.

Ballyteigue Burrow, located near Duncormick, is one of the finest protected sand dune systems in Ireland. Rich in wildflowers, wildlife and butterflies, this 9 km (6 mile) coastal stretch is a protected nature reserve by the golden sands of Ballyteigue Bay, with spectacular scenery.

The Hook Peninsula is noted for its many beaches and spectacular scenery. It features the medieval Hook Head lighthouse and the historic townland of Loftus Hall.

Popular beaches are located at Courtown, Curracloe, Carnsore Point, Duncannon and Rosslare Strand.

Other places of interest include:

Economy

Agriculture

Cattle near Duncormick

The economy is chiefly agricultural. Cattle, sheep, pig rearing and some horse breeding are the main types of husbandry practised. Poultry rearing, once popular, has very much declined. Wheat, barley, rapeseed, and oats are grown, as are potatoes. Sugar beet is no longer grown due to the withdrawal of EU subsidies. The numbers involved in farming have been declining for many years and many of the seasonal workers are now eastern Europeans. Mushrooms are also grown indoors. Tomatoes are grown under glass, for example at Campile.

Wexford strawberries are famous and can be bought in shops and wayside stalls throughout the summer. Every year, near the end of June, a 'Strawberry Fair' Festival takes place in the town of Enniscorthy, and a Strawberry Queen is crowned. Dairy farming forms an important part of the agricultural industry. Locally produced milk is on sale in many supermarkets. Wexford Irish Cheddar is a brand, and Carrigbyrne, a full-flavoured soft cheese, is produced near New Ross.

Forestry

Evergreen tree species are extensively cultivated, especially in more recent years—Norway spruce and Sitka spruce are the most common varieties planted. These are generally sown on poorer quality soils (mainly in bogs and on hills or mountainsides). A small amount of deciduous trees are also planted, though these require better soils.

Mining

Silver was once mined at Clonmines—primarily in Tudor times. Lead was mined at Caim, 1818 – c. 1850—this mine also contains zinc; the two are usually found together. Copper ore (malachite) is found at Kerloge, just south of the town of Wexford. Iron is found in small quantities at Courtown Harbour. The county is not noted for mineral reserves. No significant mining activity is currently practised, with the exception of quarrying for stone. In 2007, a significant oil find was made 60 km (37 mi) off Hook Head in County Wexford.

Energy

Ballywater Wind Farm, near Kilmuckridge – the largest wind farm in County Wexford (consisting of 21 wind turbines).

Carnsore Point made the national headlines in the late 1970s after a proposal was made to build a nuclear energy plant there; the plans were abandoned after extensive protests from the public, due to environmental and health concerns. Great Island Power Station opened in 1967 and was operated by the Electricity Supply Board (ESB) until it was sold to Endesa in January 2009. It is an electricity-generating station fueled by heavy fuel oil and rated at 240 MW. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Barrow and Suir, near Campile. Before its sale, the station was scheduled to close by 2010. Endesa propose building a 430 MW combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) gas fired plant on the site. The project would need a new 44.5 km (27.7 mi) gas pipeline from the existing transmission network at Baunlusk, 6 km (3.7 mi) south of Kilkenny City. A wind farm has now been built on the site, featuring 14 wind turbines generating electricity. It was completed in November 2002 and was the first wind farm on the east coast of Ireland. Wind farms now exist at a few other locations in the county, such as Ballywater Wind Farm, at Cahore (near Kilmuckridge), on the county's east coast, and Richfield wind farm, located in the southeast of the county.

Transport

Sport and events

Gaelic games

Main article: Wexford GAA

In recent years the county Football team has been making rapid advances. Camogie, a women's version of hurling, is also played, and Wexford won the All Ireland in 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. Wexford Park is the county's main GAA pitch, holding 25,000 supporters. Also, handball is played on a limited basis; there are a number of handball alleys located throughout the county.

As a county, Wexford are most noted for hurling have won the Leinster Senior Hurling Championships a total of 21 times, first in 1890 and most recently in 2019.

In the All Ireland Senior Hurling Championships, Wexford have won 6 times, first in 1910 and most recently in 1996, beating Limerick in the final.

Football

Wexford Youths F.C., formed 2007, renamed as Wexford FC in 2017, is the major football club in the county, currently playing in the League of Ireland First Division.

Golf

The colourful lodge at the entrance to Rathaspeck Manor golf course

There are numerous golf clubs in the county – including Rosslare (a Links course), and Enniscorthy. Two more are located near Gorey – Ballymoney Golf Club and Courtown Golf Club – are 18 hole golf courses. Bunclody Golf and Fishing Club, boasting Europe's only golf lift, is situated just inside County Carlow. There are also a few others. New Ross Golf Club, however, is actually located in County Kilkenny – about 1 km (1,000 yards) from New Ross town.

There are also many par-3 courses in the county, such as Scarke Golf Course & Driving Range, located about 2 km (1.2 mi) east of New Ross, the 'Abbey Par 3' course, at Winningtown, Fethard-on-Sea, Blackwater Par 3 Golf Course, Kilnew, Blackwater, located a few kilometres northeast of Wexford town, Garrylough Golf Course and Driving Range, Screen, and Rathaspeck Manor Golf Course, Rathaspeck, near Rosslare (there are also few Par-4 holes on this course). There are also a number of other Par-3 courses in the county.

The Marina at Kilmore Quay.

Fishing

Maritime activity takes at various locations in County Wexford, including at Kilmore Quay and Slade Harbour. Common fish species include herring, mackerel, cod, monkfish, whiting, bass, perch, gurnard, haddock, mullet, pollock, John Dory, sole, conger eel, shad, salmon, trout, pike, carp, and tench. Shellfish include mussels, cockles, periwinkles, clams, and oysters.

Racing

Wexford Racecourse (horse racing) is in Wexford town and there is a Greyhound Racing track at Enniscorthy.

People

See also: Category:People from County Wexford

See also

References

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  59. "Bus Éireann – View Ireland Bus and Coach Timetables & Buy Tickets" (PDF). buseireann.ie. Archived from the original on 13 September 2013.
  60. Rosslare Golf Club Archived 11 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine (18 holes).
  61. Enniscorthy Golf Club Archived 14 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine (18 holes).
  62. Courtown Golf Club website Archived 15 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  63. "Wexford Golf Club Bunclody". bunclodygfc.ie. Archived from the original on 29 May 2009.
  64. Location map Archived 29 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine on New Ross Golf Club website.
  65. Scarke Golf Course & Driving Range website Archived 28 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  66. Blackwater Par 3 Golf Course website Archived 12 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  67. "Wexford Racecourse". Archived from the original on 21 May 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
  68. "Enniscorthy Greyhound Track". Irish Greyhound Board website. Archived from the original on 24 May 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
  69. Jim Bolger
  70. Jim Bolger (racehorse trainer)
  71. "ARAM – Eileen Gray". eileengray.co.uk. Archived from the original on 23 August 2013.
  72. Anna Maria Hall biography Archived 5 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine on Ricorso
  73. Tucker, David (3 April 2013). "Wexford's Chris a web sensation". Enniscorthy Guardian. Retrieved 2 May 2022 – via Irish Independent.

Bibliography

  • Byrne, Francis J. Irish Kings and High Kings. Dublin, 1973–2001
  • Carlyle, Thomas. "Oliver Cromwell's Letters and Speeches". Vol. 1. New York: Wiley & Putnam, 1845
  • Cambrensis, Giraldus. Expugnatio Hibernica – The Conquest of Ireland. Dublin: R.I.A., 1978
  • Colfer, Billy. The County of Wexford. County Wexford: Foillsitheoirí Cois Sláine, n.d. – 1980 or 1981.
  • Furlong, Nicholas (2003). A History of County Wexford. Dublin: Gill & MacMillan. ISBN 0-7171-3461-X.
  • Furlong, Nicholas; Hayes, John (2005). County Wexford in the Rare Oul' Times. Vol. IV. 1910–1924. Wexford: Old Distillery Press. ISBN 0-9512812-3-2.
  • Ordnance Survey Ireland (OSi). Discovery Series 77 – Co Wexford (part). Scale 1: 50,000. Dublin: OSI, Phoenix Park, 1997. ISBN 0-904996-71-9
  • The Times Atlas of the World – Reference Edition. London: Times Books, 1995–2002. ISBN 0-00-712400-7
  • Whelan, K.(ed) & W. Nolan (assoc. ed.). Wexford: History and Society. Dublin: Geography Publications, 1987

External links

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