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	{{Short description|Regulations on arms and ammunition}}		{{Short description|Regulations on arms and ammunition}}
	{{Redirect|Gun laws|a description of the concept|Gun control|other uses|Gun Law (disambiguation)}}		{{Redirect|Gun laws|a description of the concept|Gun control|other uses|Gun Law (disambiguation)}}
	{{More citations needed|date=April 2023}}
	{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}		{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
	'''Gun laws and policies''', collectively referred to as '''firearms regulation''' or '''gun control''', regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, and use of ] by civilians.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/01/word-choice-and-gun-culture/423108/ | title=How 'Gun Control' Became a Taboo Phrase | website=The Atlantic | date=11 January 2016 | access-date=29 March 2016 | author=LaFrance, Adrienne | archive-date=2017-01-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117075444/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/01/word-choice-and-gun-culture/423108/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Laws of some countries may afford civilians a ], and have more ] gun laws than neighboring jurisdictions. Countries that regulate access to firearms will typically restrict access to certain categories of firearms and then restrict the categories of persons who may be granted a ] for access to such firearms.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Alpers |first1=Philip |last2=Wilson |first2=Marcus |title=Guns in the United Nations: Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy |publisher=Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney |url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/193/firearm_regulation_-_guiding_policy/3,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,16,17,18,19,22,26,27,28,217,29,30,218,31,38,39,40,41,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,64,65,66,69,71,72,74,75,77,78,79,81,82,83,86,90,91,94,95,233,99,100,102,234,104,105,107,108,110,111,112,236,238,113,114,116,241,118,121,122,123,125,128,129,131,136,137,139,140,142,143,144,145,146,148,149,150,152,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,166,170,172,174,249,251,175,252,177,178,180,182,183,54,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,192,194,195,197,199,200,204,205,206,15,120,173 |access-date=August 27, 2016 |date=9 June 2020 |via=GunPolicy.org |archive-date=2021-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418071137/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/193/firearm_regulation_-_guiding_policy/3,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,16,17,18,19,22,26,27,28,217,29,30,218,31,38,39,40,41,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,64,65,66,69,71,72,74,75,77,78,79,81,82,83,86,90,91,94,95,233,99,100,102,234,104,105,107,108,110,111,112,236,238,113,114,116,241,118,121,122,123,125,128,129,131,136,137,139,140,142,143,144,145,146,148,149,150,152,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,166,170,172,174,249,251,175,252,177,178,180,182,183,54,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,192,194,195,197,199,200,204,205,206,15,120,173 |url-status=dead}}</ref> There may be separate licenses for ], ] ({{a.k.a.}} target shooting), ], collecting, open carry and ], with different sets of requirements, permissions, and responsibilities.
			'''Gun laws and policies''', collectively referred to as '''firearms regulation''' or '''gun control''', regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, and use of ] by civilians.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/01/word-choice-and-gun-culture/423108/ | title=How 'Gun Control' Became a Taboo Phrase | website=The Atlantic | date=11 January 2016 | access-date=29 March 2016 | author=LaFrance, Adrienne | archive-date=2017-01-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117075444/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/01/word-choice-and-gun-culture/423108/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Laws of some countries may afford civilians a ], and have more ] gun laws than neighboring jurisdictions. Gun control typically restricts access to certain categories of firearms and limits the categories of persons who may be granted ] to access firearms.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Alpers |first1=Philip |last2=Wilson |first2=Marcus |title=Guns in the United Nations: Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy |publisher=Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney |url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/193/firearm_regulation_-_guiding_policy/3,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,16,17,18,19,22,26,27,28,217,29,30,218,31,38,39,40,41,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,64,65,66,69,71,72,74,75,77,78,79,81,82,83,86,90,91,94,95,233,99,100,102,234,104,105,107,108,110,111,112,236,238,113,114,116,241,118,121,122,123,125,128,129,131,136,137,139,140,142,143,144,145,146,148,149,150,152,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,166,170,172,174,249,251,175,252,177,178,180,182,183,54,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,192,194,195,197,199,200,204,205,206,15,120,173 |access-date=27 August 2016 |date=9 June 2020 |via=GunPolicy.org |archive-date=2021-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418071137/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/193/firearm_regulation_-_guiding_policy/3,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,16,17,18,19,22,26,27,28,217,29,30,218,31,38,39,40,41,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,64,65,66,69,71,72,74,75,77,78,79,81,82,83,86,90,91,94,95,233,99,100,102,234,104,105,107,108,110,111,112,236,238,113,114,116,241,118,121,122,123,125,128,129,131,136,137,139,140,142,143,144,145,146,148,149,150,152,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,166,170,172,174,249,251,175,252,177,178,180,182,183,54,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,192,194,195,197,199,200,204,205,206,15,120,173 |url-status=dead}}</ref> There may be separate licenses for ], ], ], collecting, and ], each with different sets of requirements, privileges, and responsibilities.
	Gun laws are usually justified by a legislative intent to reduce the use of small arms in crime, misdeed, malfeasanse and felonies and to this end they frequently target makes and models of arms identified in crimes and shootings, such as ]s and other types of concealable firearms. Persons restricted from legal access to firearms may include those below a certain age or those with a criminal record. Firearms licenses to purchase or possess may be denied to those defined as most at risk of harming or murdering themselves or others, persons with a history of ], ] or ], mental illness, depression, or those who have attempted to commit suicide. Those applying for a firearm license may have to demonstrate competence by completing a ] course and show provision for a ] to store, purchase, buy or shopping weapons.
			Gun laws are usually justified by a legislature's intent to curb the usage of small arms in crime, and to this end they frequently target types of arms identified in crimes and shootings, such as ]s and other types of concealable firearms. Semi-automatic rifle designs which are derived from ]s, sometimes colloquially referred to as ]s, often face additional scrutiny from lawmakers. Persons restricted from legal access to firearms may include those below a certain age or those with a criminal record. Firearms licenses to purchase or possess may be denied to those defined as most at risk of harming or murdering themselves or others, persons with a history of ], ] or ], mental illness, depression, or those who have attempted suicide. Those applying for a firearm license may need to demonstrate competence by completing a ] course and/or show provisions for a ] to store weapons.
	The legislation which restricts small arms may also restrict other weapons, such as explosives, crossbows, ], ], batons, knives, tear gas, war weapons, swords, ]s, air guns, and pepper spray. It may also restrict firearm accessories, notably ]s and ]. There may be restrictions on the quantity or types of ] purchased, with certain types prohibited. Due to the global scope of this article, detailed coverage cannot be provided on all these matters; the article will instead attempt to briefly summarize each country's weapon laws in regard to small arms use and ownership by civilians.
			The legislation which restricts small arms may also restrict other weapons, such as explosives, crossbows, swords, ]s, air guns, and pepper spray. It may also restrict firearm accessories, notably ]s, ], and devices such as ]s, which enable ]. There may be restrictions on the quantity or types of ] purchased, with certain types prohibited. Due to the global scope of this article, detailed coverage cannot be provided on all these matters; the article will instead attempt to briefly summarize each country's weapon laws in regard to small arms use and ownership by civilians.
	==Vocabulary and terminology==		==Vocabulary and terminology==
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	Some terms are used in several countries in the context of gun laws. These include the following:		Some terms are used in several countries in the context of gun laws. These include the following:
			*''shall-issue'': granting of a required license or permit is subject only to the applicant's meeting determinate criteria laid out in the law; the granting authority has no discretion in the awarding of licenses.
	* ''permitless'': No license, registration or permit is needed to buy or shopping firearms, and firearms are sold in gun shops freely and without registration.
	*''shall-issue'': Granting of a required license or permit is subject only to the applicant meeting determinate criteria laid out in the law; the authorities have no discretion in the issuance of licenses, meaning they are issued permissively and the license is easy to get.		*''may-issue'': granting of a required permit or license is partially at the discretion of local authorities. Some jurisdictions may provide administrative and legal avenues for an applicant to appeal a permit denial, while others may not.
			*''no-issue'': granting of a required permit or license is forbidden, or, at most, allowed only in certain very limited circumstances.
	*''may-issue'': Granting of a required permit or license is partially at the discretion of the authorities, so they may be difficult to obtain. Some jurisdictions may provide administrative and legal avenues for an applicant to appeal a permit denial, while others may not, this means that the firearms license is a little bit hard to get.
	* rarely issue This means that the license rarely is issued or given to a non prohibited person, and that the sale of firearms to civilians is very restricted, and only certain types or categories of people or a small group of people can get firearms licenses and a few little licenses are issued.
	*''no-issue'': Granting of a required permit or license is forbidden or banned entirely and fully or is impossible or very difficult of obtain, or at most, allowed only in certain very limited circumstances and only allowed for the police and the armed forces and only certain people or groups of people that are trusted by the government like security agencies or paramilitary groups.
	Gun laws might be classified by countries according to some specific common characteristics:		Gun laws might be classified by countries according to some specific common characteristics:
	* ] and most ] do not require any permit or any license for the purchase, the shopping, the buying or acquisition of most types of firearms, meaning they're sold over the counter and is required a license for buying a great number of firearms and people (excluding ] in the latter case) may freely buy them from licensed and state authorized dealers or suppliers		* ] does not require any permit or any license for the acquisition or selling of any types of firearms, including fully automatic firearms.
			* Most ] do not require any permit or any license for the acquisition or selling of most types of firearms, meaning they're sold over the counter and no license is required for buying a great number of firearms. Citizens (excluding ] in the latter case) may freely buy them from licensed and state authorized dealers or suppliers.
	* Some countries including ], ], ], and ] are partially licensed, meaning that any non-prohibited citizen may buy repeating rifles and break-action shotguns from licensed dealers and a permit is required only for handguns and ]s.		* Some countries including ], ], ], and ] are partially licensed, meaning that any non-prohibited citizen may buy repeating rifles and break-action shotguns from licensed dealers and a permit is required only for handguns and ]s.
	* Some countries allow firearm ownership without good reason or with a simple declaration of reason. For example, in ], while the law requires an applicant to have good reason to acquire a license for a handgun, self-defense at home is accepted as a good reason. ] and ] do not require good reason for applicants' acquisition of most types of ]s, although they require it for restricted weapons like handguns.		* Some countries allow firearm ownership without good reason or with a simple declaration of reason. For example, in ], while the law requires an applicant to have good reason to acquire a license for a handgun, self-defense at home is accepted as a good reason. ] and ] do not require good reason for applicants' acquisition of most types of ]s, although they require it for restricted weapons like handguns.
	* Some countries require an applicant to show good reason to secure a firearm license. In some, like ] and ], the list of good reasons and conditions that must be met is explicitly stated in the law, while in others, like ] and the ], the law does not specify what constitutes a good reason but leaves it at the discretion of authorities, but a good reason or a legitimate reason for obtain and get a firearm is hunting, sport shooting. collecting and self defense license.		* Some countries require an applicant to show good reason to secure a firearm license. In some, like ] and ], the list of good reasons and conditions that must be met is explicitly stated in the law. In others, like ] and the ], the law does not specify what constitutes a good reason and leaves it at the discretion of authorities, but good or legitimate reasons for obtaining a firearm are hunting, sport shooting, collecting, and self defense.
	* In some countries, like ], ], ] and ], only people that are abled and trained and are meeting narrow conditions are allowed to own firearms, and few licenses are issued.		* In some countries, like ], ], ] and ], only people that are abled and trained and are meeting narrow conditions are allowed to own firearms, and few licenses are issued.
	* In some countries, including ], ], and the ], ownership of firearms by civilians is completely prohibited with exceptions for private security companies, militias and paramilitary groups.		* In some countries, including ], ], and the ], ownership of firearms by civilians is completely prohibited with exceptions for private security companies, militias and paramilitary groups.
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	==Firearms license==		==Firearms license==
	] ], with name and address of the owner, as well as firearm type, brand, caliber and serial number.]]		] ], with name and address of the owner, as well as firearm type, brand, caliber and serial number]]
	]		]
	A '''firearms license''' (also known as a '''gun license'''; or '''licence''' in ]) is a ] or permit issued by a government authority (typically by the ]) of a jurisdiction, that allows the licensee to buy, own, possess, or carry a ], often subject to a number of conditions, liabibilities or restrictions, especially with regard to storage requirements or the completion of a ] course, as well as background checks, etc. Firearms licenses are not required in all jurisdictions, but yes in the most countries, except in Yemen and in the United States. Additionally, some countries or states may require by law a "permit-to-purchase" in order to buy handguns or firearms.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21739193-washington-dithers-and-argues-some-states-show-way-what-works-reduce-gun-deaths|title=What works to reduce gun deaths|newspaper=The Economist|language=en|access-date=2018-05-21}}</ref> A licence may also be required to buy ammunition.		A '''firearms license''' (also known as a '''gun license'''; or '''licence''' in ]) is a ] or permit issued by a government authority (typically by the ]) of a jurisdiction, that allows the licensee to buy, own, possess, or carry a ], often subject to a number of conditions or restrictions, especially with regard to storage requirements or the completion of a firearms safety course, as well as background checks, etc. Firearms licenses are not required in all jurisdictions. Additionally, some countries or states may require by law a "permit-to-purchase" in order to buy handguns or firearms.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21739193-washington-dithers-and-argues-some-states-show-way-what-works-reduce-gun-deaths|title=What works to reduce gun deaths|newspaper=The Economist|language=en|access-date=2018-05-21|archive-date=15 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515030203/https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21739193-washington-dithers-and-argues-some-states-show-way-what-works-reduce-gun-deaths|url-status=live}}</ref> A licence may also be required to buy ammunition.
	The permit or license scope varies according to what firearm(s) or activity(s) it allows the holder to legally do with the firearm. Some jurisdictions may require a firearm license to own a firearm, to engage in hunting, target shooting or collecting, or to carry a concealed firearm, or operate a business (such as being a gun dealer or a gunsmith). Some jurisdictions may require separate licenses for rifles, shotguns or handguns.		The permit or license scope varies according to what firearm(s) or activity(s) it allows the holder to legally do with the firearm. Some jurisdictions may require a firearm license to own a firearm, to engage in hunting, target shooting or collecting, or to carry a concealed firearm, or operate a business (such as being a gun dealer or a gunsmith). Some jurisdictions may require separate licenses for rifles, shotguns or handguns.
	The requirement to have a firearm license is usually independent and in addition to a requirement for ]. For example, not every countries requiere a gun registration for can to purchase or buy guns, ] require firearms to be registered by ] to the owner, who holds and gets a firearm licence.		The requirement to have a firearm license is usually in addition to a requirement for ]. For example, ] require firearms to be registered by ] to the owner, who holds a firearm licence.
	== Comparison ==		== Comparison ==
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	This section uses the expressions ''shall issue'' and ''may issue'' which are partly specific to and defined by the US system of firearm regulations.		This section uses the expressions ''shall issue'' and ''may issue'' which are partly specific to and defined by the US system of firearm regulations.
	{{multiple image		{{multiple image
	| align = center		| align = center
	| image1 = Longgunlaws.svg		| image1 = Longgunlaws.svg
	| width1 = 700		| width1 = 700
	| caption1 = '''Possession of long guns by country:'''		| caption1 = '''Possession of long guns by country:'''
	{{Legend|#0000ff|'''No permit required''' for semi-automatic long guns}}		{{Legend|#0000ff|'''No permit required''' for semi-automatic long guns}}
	{{Legend|#2ad4ffff|'''Partially licensed''' – repeating long guns permitless, semi-automatic with permit}}		{{Legend|#2ad4ffff|'''Partially licensed''' – repeating long guns permitless, semi-automatic with permit}}
	{{Legend|#00ff00|'''Allowed with permit''' – no good reason required or simple declaration of reason<sup>1</sup>}}		{{Legend|#00ff00|'''Allowed with permit''' – no good reason required or simple declaration of reason<sup>1</sup>}}
	{{Legend|#ffff00|'''Allowed with permit''' – good reason (like sport shooting license. hunting license or proving danger to life required). <sup>1</sup>}}		{{Legend|#ffff00|'''Allowed with permit''' – good reason (like sport shooting license or proving danger to life required). <sup>1</sup>}}
	{{Legend|#ff2a2aff|'''Prohibited with exceptions or prohibited in practice''' – few licenses are issued}}		{{Legend|#ff2a2aff|'''Prohibited with exceptions or prohibited in practice''' – few licenses are issued}}
	{{Legend|#b30000ff|'''Prohibited''' – civilians are banned from obtaining long guns with some exceptions}}		{{Legend|#b30000ff|'''Prohibited''' – Civilians are banned from obtaining long guns}}.
	{{Legend striped|#ff2a2aff|white|Different rules regarding shotguns and rifles}}		{{Legend striped|#ff2a2aff|white|Different rules regarding shotguns and rifles}}
	<sup>1</sup><small>Some countries in these categories may place additional restrictions or ban semi-automatic long guns</small>		<sup>1</sup><small>Some countries in these categories may place additional restrictions or ban semi-automatic long guns.</small>
	| footer = <small>{{Underline|Notes}}:<br />		| footer = <small>{{Underline|Notes}}:<br />
	'''-''' Map describes policy regarding obtaining new firearms regardless of whether firearms that were produced before the ban were ].		'''-''' Map describes policy regarding obtaining new firearms regardless of whether firearms that were produced before the ban were ].
	</small>		</small>
	| direction =		| direction =
	| total_width =		| total_width =
	| alt1 =		| alt1 =
	}}		}}
	{{multiple image		{{multiple image
	| align = center		| align = center
	| image1 = Handgunlaws.svg		| image1 = Handgunlaws-2024-03-16.svg
	| width1 = 700		| width1 = 700
	| caption1 = '''Possession of handguns by country:'''		| caption1 = '''Possession of handguns by country:'''
	{{Legend|#0000ff|'''No permit required''' – permits or licenses are not required to obtain handguns}}		{{Legend|#0000ff|'''No permit required''' – Permits or licenses are not required to obtain handguns.}}
	{{Legend|#00ff00|'''Allowed with permit''' – no good reason required or simple declaration of reason}}		{{Legend|#00ff00|'''Allowed with permit''' – no good reason required or simple declaration of reason}}
	{{Legend|#ffff00|'''Allowed with permit''' – good reason (like sport shooting license, hunting license or proving danger to life) required}}		{{Legend|#ffff00|'''Allowed with permit''' – good reason (like sport shooting license or proving danger to life) required}}
	{{Legend|#ff2a2aff|'''Prohibited with exceptions or prohibited in practice''' – few licenses are issued}}		{{Legend|#ff2a2aff|'''Prohibited with exceptions or prohibited in practice''' – few licenses are issued}}
	{{Legend|#b30000ff|'''Prohibited''' – civilians are banned from obtaining handguns with some exceptions}}		{{Legend|#b30000ff|'''Prohibited''' – Civilians are banned from obtaining handguns.}}
	| footer = <small>{{Underline|Notes}}:<br />		| footer = <small>{{Underline|Notes}}:<br />
	'''-''' Map describes policy regarding obtaining new firearms regardless of whether firearms that were produced before the ban were ].		'''-''' Map describes policy regarding obtaining new firearms regardless of whether firearms that were produced before the ban were grandfathered.
	</small>		</small>
	| direction =		| direction =
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	}}		}}
	<!--- PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE EDITING		<!--- PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE EDITING
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	! colspan="2"|Carrying firearms		! colspan="2"|Carrying firearms
	! rowspan="2", style="width: 60px;", scope="col"|<small>Magazine capacity limits</small>{{refn|group=N|name=cap|'''P''' – pistol, '''S''' – shotgun, '''R''' – rifle, '''CF''' – centerfire, '''RF''' – rimfire, '''SA''' – semi-automatic, '''LG''' – long guns e.g: '''SACFR''': semi-automatic centerfire rifle}}		! rowspan="2", style="width: 60px;", scope="col"|<small>Magazine capacity limits</small>{{refn|group=N|name=cap|'''P''' – pistol, '''S''' – shotgun, '''R''' – rifle, '''CF''' – centerfire, '''RF''' – rimfire, '''SA''' – semi-automatic, '''LG''' – long guns e.g: '''SACFR''': semi-automatic centerfire rifle}}
	! rowspan="2", scope="col"|{{abbr|Free of registration|Firearms are not required to be registered ("yes" means "not required")}}<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222707/ttps://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/31/civilian_gun_registration/292,290,3,4,212,213,6,7,293,294,8,10,344,11,12,13,15,16,17,18,19,20,22,24,25,26,28,217,29,219,288,218,33,38,39,40,41,291,220,43,44,295,221,45,262,46,47,48,49,296,50,337,51,222,52,56,57,58,280,60,61,62,225,64,65,297,66,226,227,68,298,69,70,71,72,231,73,74,75,77,78,299,79,81,232,300,301,82,302,83,303,84,85,86,87,88,90,91,92,304,93,305,94,95,99,100,101,102,234,104,306,105,107,108,307,109,110,235,111,112,236,237,308,309,238,239,240,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,241,314,118,119,120,122,315,124,125,316,127,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,130,131,132,321,322,282,275,343,136,323,324,137,325,139,142,143,144,326,145,146,147,148,149,150,338,244,327,152,153,154,155,156,281,158,159,161,162,163,247,164,165,166,340,328,329,170,348,172,173,174,249,250,175,252,176,177,178,179,182,341,330,331,183,253,254,184,185,186,187,256,188,189,190,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,200,201,257,286,258,289,334,339,335,336,205,206|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref>		! rowspan="2", scope="col"|{{abbr|Free of registration|Firearms are not required to be registered ("yes" means "not required")}}<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222707/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/31/civilian_gun_registration/292,290,3,4,212,213,6,7,293,294,8,10,344,11,12,13,15,16,17,18,19,20,22,24,25,26,28,217,29,219,288,218,33,38,39,40,41,291,220,43,44,295,221,45,262,46,47,48,49,296,50,337,51,222,52,56,57,58,280,60,61,62,225,64,65,297,66,226,227,68,298,69,70,71,72,231,73,74,75,77,78,299,79,81,232,300,301,82,302,83,303,84,85,86,87,88,90,91,92,304,93,305,94,95,99,100,101,102,234,104,306,105,107,108,307,109,110,235,111,112,236,237,308,309,238,239,240,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,241,314,118,119,120,122,315,124,125,316,127,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,130,131,132,321,322,282,275,343,136,323,324,137,325,139,142,143,144,326,145,146,147,148,149,150,338,244,327,152,153,154,155,156,281,158,159,161,162,163,247,164,165,166,340,328,329,170,348,172,173,174,249,250,175,252,176,177,178,179,182,341,330,331,183,253,254,184,185,186,187,256,188,189,190,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,200,201,257,286,258,289,334,339,335,336,205,206|date=5 July 2023}}</ref>
	! rowspan="2", scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum prison penalty for illicit firearm possession}}<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705225845/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/204/penalty_for_illicit_firearm_possession/292,290,3,4,212,7,293,294,8,10,344,12,13,16,18,19,21,216,22,25,26,27,28,217,29,30,218,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,221,45,46,47,48,49,296,50,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,225,64,65,66,226,227,68,69,71,72,231,73,74,77,78,79,82,83,86,87,90,91,93,94,95,96,233,99,101,103,104,107,109,110,111,236,237,238,240,113,114,116,241,242,121,122,123,124,125,127,279,128,129,131,282,275,343,136,137,139,140,142,143,144,145,146,147,149,150,338,244,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,166,340,170,348,172,173,174,249,250,251,175,252,176,177,178,179,180,182,341,183,54,253,254,184,185,187,256,188,189,190,192,194,195,197,199,342,200,201,257,258,339,205,206|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref>		! rowspan="2", scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum prison penalty for illicit firearm possession}}<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705225845/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/204/penalty_for_illicit_firearm_possession/292,290,3,4,212,7,293,294,8,10,344,12,13,16,18,19,21,216,22,25,26,27,28,217,29,30,218,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,221,45,46,47,48,49,296,50,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,225,64,65,66,226,227,68,69,71,72,231,73,74,77,78,79,82,83,86,87,90,91,93,94,95,96,233,99,101,103,104,107,109,110,111,236,237,238,240,113,114,116,241,242,121,122,123,124,125,127,279,128,129,131,282,275,343,136,137,139,140,142,143,144,145,146,147,149,150,338,244,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,166,340,170,348,172,173,174,249,250,251,175,252,176,177,178,179,180,182,341,183,54,253,254,184,185,187,256,188,189,190,192,194,195,197,199,342,200,201,257,258,339,205,206|date=5 July 2023}}</ref>
	|-		|-
	! style="width: 150px;", scope="col" |{{abbr|Good reason required?|Is good reason required to obtain firearms (does not include self-defense)}}<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222706/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/17/genuine_reason_required_for_firearm_licence/3,212,6,7,8,10,344,11,12,13,16,18,19,216,22,25,26,27,28,217,29,288,218,31,33,38,39,40,41,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,337,222,52,56,57,61,62,225,64,65,66,226,227,69,71,72,231,73,74,75,77,78,81,82,83,86,87,88,90,91,93,94,95,233,99,100,101,102,234,104,105,107,108,110,111,112,236,237,238,240,113,114,116,241,117,118,242,120,122,125,127,279,128,129,131,132,321,282,275,343,136,137,139,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,338,244,152,153,154,155,281,158,159,161,162,163,247,164,166,340,170,172,173,174,249,250,251,175,252,177,178,179,180,182,341,183,54,254,184,185,186,187,256,188,189,190,192,197,199,342,200,257,258,339,204,205,206|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref>		! style="width: 150px;", scope="col" |{{abbr|Good reason required?|Is good reason required to obtain firearms (does not include self-defense)}}<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222706/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/17/genuine_reason_required_for_firearm_licence/3,212,6,7,8,10,344,11,12,13,16,18,19,216,22,25,26,27,28,217,29,288,218,31,33,38,39,40,41,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,337,222,52,56,57,61,62,225,64,65,66,226,227,69,71,72,231,73,74,75,77,78,81,82,83,86,87,88,90,91,93,94,95,233,99,100,101,102,234,104,105,107,108,110,111,112,236,237,238,240,113,114,116,241,117,118,242,120,122,125,127,279,128,129,131,132,321,282,275,343,136,137,139,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,338,244,152,153,154,155,281,158,159,161,162,163,247,164,166,340,170,172,173,174,249,250,251,175,252,177,178,179,180,182,341,183,54,254,184,185,186,187,256,188,189,190,192,197,199,342,200,257,258,339,204,205,206|date=5 July 2023}}</ref>
	! style="width: 100px;", scope="col" |{{abbr|Personal protection|Personal protection/self-defense is a legitimate reason to acquire license/permit/firearm.}}		! style="width: 100px;", scope="col" |{{abbr|Personal protection|Personal protection/self-defense is a legitimate reason to acquire license/permit/firearm.}}
	! style="width: 120px;", scope="col"|{{abbr|Long guns|Shotguns and rifles}} (exc. semi- and full-auto)<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220618/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/121/gun_owner_licensing/292,290,3,212,214,6,7,293,294,8,10,344,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,216,22,25,26,27,28,217,29,288,30,218,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,221,45,46,47,48,49,296,50,337,51,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,225,64,65,297,66,226,227,68,298,69,71,230,72,231,73,74,75,77,78,299,79,80,81,232,300,301,82,302,83,303,84,86,87,88,90,91,304,93,305,94,95,233,99,100,101,102,103,234,104,306,105,107,108,307,109,110,111,112,236,237,308,309,238,239,240,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,241,314,118,242,120,122,123,315,124,125,316,127,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,243,282,275,343,136,323,324,137,325,139,140,142,143,144,326,145,146,147,148,149,150,338,244,327,152,153,154,155,281,158,159,161,162,163,247,164,165,166,340,328,329,170,348,172,173,174,249,250,251,175,252,176,177,178,179,180,182,341,330,331,183,54,254,184,185,186,187,256,188,189,190,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,200,201,257,286,258,289,334,339,335,336,204,205,206|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref>		! style="width: 120px;", scope="col"|{{abbr|Long guns|Shotguns and rifles}} (exc. semi- and full-auto)<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220618/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/121/gun_owner_licensing/292,290,3,212,214,6,7,293,294,8,10,344,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,216,22,25,26,27,28,217,29,288,30,218,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,221,45,46,47,48,49,296,50,337,51,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,225,64,65,297,66,226,227,68,298,69,71,230,72,231,73,74,75,77,78,299,79,80,81,232,300,301,82,302,83,303,84,86,87,88,90,91,304,93,305,94,95,233,99,100,101,102,103,234,104,306,105,107,108,307,109,110,111,112,236,237,308,309,238,239,240,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,241,314,118,242,120,122,123,315,124,125,316,127,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,243,282,275,343,136,323,324,137,325,139,140,142,143,144,326,145,146,147,148,149,150,338,244,327,152,153,154,155,281,158,159,161,162,163,247,164,165,166,340,328,329,170,348,172,173,174,249,250,251,175,252,176,177,178,179,180,182,341,330,331,183,54,254,184,185,186,187,256,188,189,190,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,200,201,257,286,258,289,334,339,335,336,204,205,206|date=5 July 2023}}</ref>
	! style="width: 90px;", scope="col"|Handguns<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215415/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/17/regulation_of_handguns/292,290,3,212,6,7,293,294,8,10,344,11,12,13,16,18,19,22,25,26,28,217,29,288,30,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,221,45,46,47,48,49,296,50,337,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,65,297,66,226,227,298,69,71,231,73,74,75,77,78,299,79,81,300,301,82,302,83,303,84,86,88,90,91,304,93,305,94,95,99,100,234,104,306,105,107,108,307,110,111,112,236,237,308,309,240,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,241,314,118,242,120,122,315,125,316,127,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,282,275,343,136,323,324,137,325,139,142,143,326,145,146,147,148,149,150,338,244,327,152,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,165,166,340,328,329,170,348,172,174,249,250,175,252,177,178,179,180,182,341,330,331,183,254,184,185,186,187,256,188,189,190,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,286,258,289,334,339,335,336,204,205,206|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref>		! style="width: 90px;", scope="col"|Handguns<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215415/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/17/regulation_of_handguns/292,290,3,212,6,7,293,294,8,10,344,11,12,13,16,18,19,22,25,26,28,217,29,288,30,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,221,45,46,47,48,49,296,50,337,222,52,56,57,58,60,61,62,65,297,66,226,227,298,69,71,231,73,74,75,77,78,299,79,81,300,301,82,302,83,303,84,86,88,90,91,304,93,305,94,95,99,100,234,104,306,105,107,108,307,110,111,112,236,237,308,309,240,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,241,314,118,242,120,122,315,125,316,127,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,282,275,343,136,323,324,137,325,139,142,143,326,145,146,147,148,149,150,338,244,327,152,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,165,166,340,328,329,170,348,172,174,249,250,175,252,177,178,179,180,182,341,330,331,183,254,184,185,186,187,256,188,189,190,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,286,258,289,334,339,335,336,204,205,206|date=5 July 2023}}</ref>
	! style="width: 110px;", scope="col" |Semi-automatic rifles		! style="width: 110px;", scope="col" |Semi-automatic rifles
	! style="width: 100px;", scope="col" |{{abbr|Fully automatic firearms|Fully automatic firearms are allowed for civilians (including with a special permit)}}<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215415/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/204/regulation_of_automatic_assault_weapons/292,290,3,212,6,7,293,294,8,10,344,11,13,15,16,18,19,22,25,26,28,29,288,30,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,45,46,47,48,49,296,50,337,222,56,58,60,61,62,64,65,297,66,226,227,298,69,71,231,73,74,77,78,299,79,81,300,301,82,302,83,303,86,88,90,91,304,93,305,94,95,99,104,306,105,107,307,110,111,112,236,237,308,309,238,240,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,314,118,242,122,315,125,316,127,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,282,275,343,136,323,324,325,139,142,143,144,326,145,146,147,148,149,150,338,244,327,152,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,166,340,328,329,170,172,174,249,250,251,175,177,178,179,180,182,341,330,331,183,254,185,187,188,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,201,286,258,289,334,339,335,336|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref>		! style="width: 100px;", scope="col" |{{abbr|Fully automatic firearms|Fully automatic firearms are allowed for civilians (including with a special permit)}}<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215415/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/204/regulation_of_automatic_assault_weapons/292,290,3,212,6,7,293,294,8,10,344,11,13,15,16,18,19,22,25,26,28,29,288,30,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,45,46,47,48,49,296,50,337,222,56,58,60,61,62,64,65,297,66,226,227,298,69,71,231,73,74,77,78,299,79,81,300,301,82,302,83,303,86,88,90,91,304,93,305,94,95,99,104,306,105,107,307,110,111,112,236,237,308,309,238,240,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,314,118,242,122,315,125,316,127,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,282,275,343,136,323,324,325,139,142,143,144,326,145,146,147,148,149,150,338,244,327,152,153,154,155,158,159,162,163,247,164,166,340,328,329,170,172,174,249,250,251,175,177,178,179,180,182,341,330,331,183,254,185,187,188,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,201,286,258,289,334,339,335,336|date=5 July 2023}}</ref>
	! style="width: 120px;", scope="col"|{{abbr|Open carry|A private citizen is allowed to carry guns openly (including with a special permit)}}<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220838/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/204/carrying_guns_openly_in_public/1,292,290,3,212,6,7,293,294,10,344,11,13,16,18,19,22,26,27,28,217,29,288,30,218,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,45,46,47,48,49,296,337,222,52,56,57,60,61,64,65,297,298,71,73,74,77,78,299,79,81,300,301,82,302,83,303,84,86,87,91,304,93,305,94,99,234,104,306,107,108,307,110,111,236,308,309,238,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,314,118,242,122,315,125,316,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,282,275,343,136,323,324,325,143,326,145,146,148,150,338,327,152,153,154,158,159,162,163,247,166,340,328,329,170,348,172,249,251,175,252,177,178,179,182,341,330,331,183,54,254,184,185,187,189,190,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,286,289,334,339,335,336|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref>		! style="width: 120px;", scope="col"|{{abbr|Open carry|A private citizen is allowed to carry guns openly (including with a special permit)}}<ref>, GunPolicy.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220838/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/204/carrying_guns_openly_in_public/1,292,290,3,212,6,7,293,294,10,344,11,13,16,18,19,22,26,27,28,217,29,288,30,218,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,45,46,47,48,49,296,337,222,52,56,57,60,61,64,65,297,298,71,73,74,77,78,299,79,81,300,301,82,302,83,303,84,86,87,91,304,93,305,94,99,234,104,306,107,108,307,110,111,236,308,309,238,113,310,114,311,312,313,116,314,118,242,122,315,125,316,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,282,275,343,136,323,324,325,143,326,145,146,148,150,338,327,152,153,154,158,159,162,163,247,166,340,328,329,170,348,172,249,251,175,252,177,178,179,182,341,330,331,183,54,254,184,185,187,189,190,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,286,289,334,339,335,336|date=5 July 2023}}</ref>
	! style="width: 120px;",scope="col"|{{abbr|Concealed carry|Concealed carry is allowed for private civilians (including with a special permit)}}<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705225844/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/204/carrying_hidden_handguns_in_public/292,290,3,212,6,7,293,294,10,344,13,19,26,27,28,217,29,288,30,218,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,45,46,47,49,296,337,222,52,56,57,60,61,64,65,297,298,73,74,77,78,299,79,300,301,82,302,303,86,87,91,304,93,305,94,99,104,306,107,307,110,111,236,308,309,238,113,310,311,312,313,116,314,118,242,122,315,125,316,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,275,343,136,323,324,325,142,143,144,326,146,148,150,338,327,152,153,154,158,159,162,166,340,328,329,348,249,175,252,178,182,341,330,331,183,54,254,184,185,186,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,286,289,334,339,335,336|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref>		! style="width: 120px;",scope="col"|{{abbr|Concealed carry|Concealed carry is allowed for private civilians (including with a special permit)}}<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705225844/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/compare/204/carrying_hidden_handguns_in_public/292,290,3,212,6,7,293,294,10,344,13,19,26,27,28,217,29,288,30,218,31,33,38,39,40,41,291,43,44,295,45,46,47,49,296,337,222,52,56,57,60,61,64,65,297,298,73,74,77,78,299,79,300,301,82,302,303,86,87,91,304,93,305,94,99,104,306,107,307,110,111,236,308,309,238,113,310,311,312,313,116,314,118,242,122,315,125,316,317,318,319,279,320,128,129,131,132,321,322,275,343,136,323,324,325,142,143,144,326,146,148,150,338,327,152,153,154,158,159,162,166,340,328,329,348,249,175,252,178,182,341,330,331,183,54,254,184,185,186,192,194,195,332,197,199,333,342,286,289,334,339,335,336|date=5 July 2023}}</ref>
	|-		|-
	! colspan="12" | Independent countries		! colspan="12" | Independent countries
	|-		|-
	| Afghanistan<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.recoilweb.com/running-guns-in-kabul-139818.html|title=Running Guns in Kabul|first=Miles|last=Vining|date=14 August 2018 |publisher=RECOILweb}}</ref><ref group=law>Afghanistan: , 2005</ref>		| Afghanistan<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.recoilweb.com/running-guns-in-kabul-139818.html|title=Running Guns in Kabul|first=Miles|last=Vining|date=14 August 2018|publisher=RECOILweb|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=25 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925152957/https://www.recoilweb.com/running-guns-in-kabul-139818.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref group=law>Afghanistan: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521102720/https://www.kakaradvocates.com/data/Afghan%20Laws/English/The%20Law%20of%20Firearms,%20Ammunitions%20and%20Explosives%20-%20English.pdf |date=21 May 2021 }}, 2005</ref>
	| {{ya|text=Not for shotguns and antique firearms}}		| {{ya|text=Not for shotguns and antique firearms}}
	| {{Rarely|Restricted}}		| {{Rarely|Restricted}}
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	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Algeria<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dzayerinfo.com/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%82%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AF%D8%AF/|title=الجزائريون يعشقون السلاح رغم التشدد في منح تراخيصه .. أنواع بنادق الصيد في الجزائر|language=ar|trans-title=Algerians love to arms despite strict licensing ... Types of hunting firearms in Algeria|date=20 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220001446/https://dzayerinfo.com/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%82%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AF%D8%AF/|archive-date=February 20, 2020}}</ref>		| Algeria<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dzayerinfo.com/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%82%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AF%D8%AF/|title=الجزائريون يعشقون السلاح رغم التشدد في منح تراخيصه .. أنواع بنادق الصيد في الجزائر|language=ar|trans-title=Algerians love to arms despite strict licensing ... Types of hunting firearms in Algeria|date=20 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220001446/https://dzayerinfo.com/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%82%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AF%D8%AF/|archive-date=20 February 2020}}</ref>
	| {{Rarely|Yes – hunting (restricted)}}		| {{Rarely|Yes – hunting (restricted)}}
	| {{No}}		| {{No}}
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	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Andorra<ref group=law>Andorra: , 1989 (in Catalan)</ref>		| Andorra<ref group=law>Andorra: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327064525/http://andorratir.org/arxius/Decret%20armes.pdf |date=27 March 2023 }}, 1989 (in Catalan)</ref>
	| {{yes|No (with exceptions){{hidden|Exceptions|<small>]-approved pistols require membership in sport shooting organization</small>}}}}		| {{yes|No (with exceptions){{hidden|Exceptions|<small>]-approved pistols require membership in sport shooting organization</small>}}}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – home defense}}		| {{Yes|Yes – home defense}}
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	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Angola<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dinheirovivo.pt/empresas/angola-compra-armas-para-empresas-de-seguranca-por-25-milhoes-12804008.html|title=Angola compra armas para empresas de segurança por 2,5 milhões|date=29 November 2018}}</ref>		| Angola<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dinheirovivo.pt/empresas/angola-compra-armas-para-empresas-de-seguranca-por-25-milhoes-12804008.html|title=Angola compra armas para empresas de segurança por 2,5 milhões|date=29 November 2018|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220614/https://www.dinheirovivo.pt/empresas/angola-compra-armas-para-empresas-de-seguranca-por-25-milhoes-12804008.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{rarely|Private security companies only}}		| colspan="2" {{rarely|Private security companies only}}
	| {{rarely|Restricted}}		| {{rarely|Restricted}}
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	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Antigua and Barbuda<ref group=law>Antigua and Barbuda: , 1973</ref>		| Antigua and Barbuda<ref group=law>Antigua and Barbuda: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630173030/http://unlirec.screativa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FirearmsActChapter171.pdf |date=30 June 2021 }}, 1973</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 192:		Line 192:
	| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Argentina<ref name=Explainer>{{cite web|url=http://www.as-coa.org/articles/explainer-gun-laws-latin-america%E2%80%99s-six-largest-economies |title=Explainer: Gun Laws in Latin America's Six Largest Economies |website=AS/COA |access-date=2015-01-28}}</ref>		| Argentina<ref name=Explainer>{{cite web |url=http://www.as-coa.org/articles/explainer-gun-laws-latin-america%E2%80%99s-six-largest-economies |title=Explainer: Gun Laws in Latin America's Six Largest Economies |website=AS/COA |access-date=2015-01-28 |archive-date=12 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812210335/http://www.as-coa.org/articles/explainer-gun-laws-latin-america%E2%80%99s-six-largest-economies |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – collecting, sport shooting, hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – collecting, sport shooting, hunting}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 202:		Line 202:
	| {{no}}<!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{no}}<!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|Three years; six for prohibited weapons}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/90000-94999/94769/norma.htm|title=Ley 25.886 |website=InfoLEG |date=2004-04-14 |access-date=2016-09-27}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|Three years; six for prohibited weapons}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/90000-94999/94769/norma.htm |title=Ley 25.886 |website=InfoLEG |date=2004-04-14 |access-date=2016-09-27 |archive-date=2 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002032250/http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/90000-94999/94769/norma.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Armenia<ref group=law>Armenia: , 1998 (in Armenian)</ref>		| Armenia<ref group=law>Armenia: , 1998 (in Armenian)</ref>
Line 217:		Line 217:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/australia.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Australia |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-01-28}}</ref>		| ]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/australia.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Australia |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-01-28 |archive-date=7 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107093331/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/australia.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – see }}		| {{Maybe|Yes – see }}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Ya|text=May issue – shall issue in practice{{refn|group=N|Around 95% of firearm applications granted.<ref></ref>}}}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Ya|text=May issue – shall issue in practice{{refn|group=N|Around 95% of firearm applications granted.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/file_uploads/24729_VicPol_Annual_Report_2019_Accessible_zZMJ8Qf0.pdf |title=Annual Report 2018–2019 |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220146/https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/file_uploads/24729_VicPol_Annual_Report_2019_Accessible_zZMJ8Qf0.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>}}}} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{Rarely|May issue – restricted}}		| {{Rarely|May issue – restricted}}
	| {{Rarely|May issue – restricted}}		| {{Rarely|May issue – restricted}}
	| {{Rarely|May issue - restricted in some states, otherwise No}}<ref>{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215003940/https://content.legislation.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-07/96-66aa096%20authorised.pdf|date=December 15, 2023}}</ref> <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{Rarely|May issue - restricted in some states, otherwise No}}<ref>{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215003940/https://content.legislation.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-07/96-66aa096%20authorised.pdf|date=15 December 2023}}</ref> <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{No}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{No}} <!--Concealed carry-->
Line 230:		Line 230:
	| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" | Determined by the courts{{refn|group=N|Up to life imprisonment if caught using it for murder.}} <!--Max penalty-->		| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" | Determined by the courts{{refn|group=N|Up to life imprisonment if caught using it for murder.}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|] (EU)<ref group=law>Austria: {{cite web|url=https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10006016|title=Waffengesetz, 1996|language=de|date=2019}}</ref>		|] (EU)<ref group=law>Austria: {{cite web|url=https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10006016|title=Waffengesetz, 1996|language=de|date=2019|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=25 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025025211/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10006016|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Yes|Simple declaration of reason <br><small>(hunting, sport shooting, collection)</small>}}		| {{Yes|Simple declaration of reason <br><small>(hunting, sport shooting, collection)</small>}}
	| {{Usually|Some firearms permitless<br/> Most firearms shall issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Usually|Some firearms permitless<br/> Most firearms shall issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 237:		Line 237:
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted <br><small>(special federal permit required)</small>{{refn|group=N|In practice only granted to approved collectors, authorized experts, special licensed gunsmiths or similar persons, otherwise rarely issued}}}}		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted <br><small>(special federal permit required)</small>{{refn|group=N|In practice only granted to approved collectors, authorized experts, special licensed gunsmiths or similar persons, otherwise rarely issued}}}}
	| {{rarely|Same as in case of concealed carry{{refn|group=N|Must be carried in a way without public nuisance,<br />unusual in civil clothing}}<small>{{hidden|Exceptions|Permitless for members of traditional rifle clubs during ceremonial occasions and preparatory exercise for such occasions<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10006016&Artikel=&Paragraf=35&Anlage=&Uebergangsrecht= |title = RIS - Waffengesetz 1996 § 35 - Bundesrecht konsolidiert, tagesaktuelle Fassung}}</ref> }}</small>}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{rarely|Same as in case of concealed carry{{refn|group=N|Must be carried in a way without public nuisance,<br />unusual in civil clothing}}<small>{{hidden|Exceptions|Permitless for members of traditional rifle clubs during ceremonial occasions and preparatory exercise for such occasions<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10006016&Artikel=&Paragraf=35&Anlage=&Uebergangsrecht= |title=RIS - Waffengesetz 1996 § 35 - Bundesrecht konsolidiert, tagesaktuelle Fassung |access-date=18 April 2019 |archive-date=13 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513093141/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10006016&Artikel=&Paragraf=35&Anlage=&Uebergangsrecht= |url-status=live }}</ref> }}</small>}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{rarely|May issue - restricted{{refn|group=N|'''General population''' - must prove existence of genuine threat, wide discretion of deciding authority, restricted may issue<br/>'''Security personnel''' (police personal, military police personal or prison guard personal, even after retirement) - shall issue;<br/>'''Private Security''' (armored car drivers, bodyguards or similar security staff, private investigators, supervisory hunters and similar persons) - permissive may issue<br/>'''Taxi drivers''' - permissive or restrictive may issue depending on region}} }} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{rarely|May issue - restricted{{refn|group=N|'''General population''' - must prove existence of genuine threat, wide discretion of deciding authority, restricted may issue<br/>'''Security personnel''' (police personal, military police personal or prison guard personal, even after retirement) - shall issue;<br/>'''Private Security''' (armored car drivers, bodyguards or similar security staff, private investigators, supervisory hunters and similar persons) - permissive may issue<br/>'''Taxi drivers''' - permissive or restrictive may issue depending on region}} }} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Maybe|10 (SACF)<br />20 (P)}}		| {{Maybe|10 (SACF)<br />20 (P)}}
	| {{Maybe|<small>Weapons made before 1871 and most black powder weapons</small>}}		| {{Maybe|<small>Weapons made before 1871 and most black powder weapons</small>}}
	| {{Maybe|2}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10006016 |title=RIS – Gesamte Rechtsvorschrift für Waffengesetz 1996 – Bundesrecht konsolidiert, Fassung vom 28.01.2015 |website=Ris.bka.gv.at |date=1991-09-13 |access-date=2015-01-28}}</ref>		| {{Maybe|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10006016 |title=RIS – Gesamte Rechtsvorschrift für Waffengesetz 1996 – Bundesrecht konsolidiert, Fassung vom 28.01.2015 |website=Ris.bka.gv.at |date=1991-09-13 |access-date=2015-01-28 |archive-date=24 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224222318/http://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10006016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
	|-		|-
	| Azerbaijan<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23761199.2020.1809808 |title=An explorative analysis of the perception of guns and gun laws in Azerbaijan using a mixed-methods approach|last=Shahbazov|first=Ingilab |journal=Caucasus Survey |date=21 September 2020 |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=219–238 |doi=10.1080/23761199.2020.1809808 |s2cid=224914185 }}</ref>		| Azerbaijan<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23761199.2020.1809808 |title=An explorative analysis of the perception of guns and gun laws in Azerbaijan using a mixed-methods approach |last=Shahbazov |first=Ingilab |journal=Caucasus Survey |date=21 September 2020 |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=219–238 |doi=10.1080/23761199.2020.1809808 |s2cid=224914185 |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=7 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007083158/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23761199.2020.1809808 |url-status=live | issn = 2376-1199 }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|<small>Required for rifles</small>|Membership in hunting organization for at least five years required for rifles}} }}		| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|<small>Required for rifles</small>|Membership in hunting organization for at least five years required for rifles}} }}
	| {{No}}		| {{No}}
Line 256:		Line 256:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Bahrain<ref group=law>Bahrain: , 1976 (in Arabic)</ref>		| Bahrain<ref group=law>Bahrain: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718004351/https://www.mohamah.net/law/%d9%86%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%b5-%d9%88-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%af-%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d9%88/ |date=18 July 2023 }}, 1976 (in Arabic)</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 281:		Line 281:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Barbados<ref group=law>Barbados: , 1998</ref>		| Barbados<ref group=law>Barbados: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702051222/http://www.unlirec.org/Upload/Documents/68@Firearms.pdf |date=2 July 2021 }}, 1998</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 293:		Line 293:
	| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Bahamas<ref group=law>Bahamas: , 2001</ref>		| Bahamas<ref group=law>Bahamas: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013143123/http://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1969/1969-0012/FirearmsAct_1.pdf |date=13 October 2023 }}, 2001</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 305:		Line 305:
	| {{No|7}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|7}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Belarus<ref group=law>Belaurs: (in Russian)</ref><ref name=un>{{cite web|url=http://www.poa-iss.org/CASAUpload/ELibrary/E-CN.15-1996-14.pdf |title=MEASURES TO REGULATE FIREARMS. Report of the Secretary-General |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=16 April 1996 |access-date=2020-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112205410/http://www.poa-iss.org/CASAUpload/ELibrary/E-CN.15-1996-14.pdf|archive-date=November 12, 2020}}</ref>		| Belarus<ref group=law>Belaurs: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211030600/https://belohota.by/zakon/zakon-respubliki-belarus-ob-oruzhii/ |date=11 December 2023 }} (in Russian)</ref><ref name=un>{{cite web|url=http://www.poa-iss.org/CASAUpload/ELibrary/E-CN.15-1996-14.pdf |title=MEASURES TO REGULATE FIREARMS. Report of the Secretary-General |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=16 April 1996 |access-date=2020-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112205410/http://www.poa-iss.org/CASAUpload/ELibrary/E-CN.15-1996-14.pdf|archive-date=12 November 2020}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{No}}		| {{No}}
Line 318:		Line 318:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Belgium (EU)<ref group=law>Belgium: , 2006 (in Dutch)</ref>		| Belgium (EU)<ref group=law>Belgium: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510054548/http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi_loi/change_lg.pl?language=nl&la=N&cn=2006060830&table_name=wet |date=10 May 2023 }}, 2006 (in Dutch)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – collection, hunting, sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – collection, hunting, sport shooting}}
	| {{Rarely|Justification required}}		| {{Rarely|Justification required}}
Line 324:		Line 324:
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
	| {{maybe|Yes – may issue<ref>{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220727/http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi_loi/change_lg.pl?language=fr&la=F&cn=2006060830&table_name=loi|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref> <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{maybe|Yes – may issue<ref>{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220727/http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi_loi/change_lg.pl?language=fr&la=F&cn=2006060830&table_name=loi|date=5 July 2023}}</ref> <!--Fully automatic firearms-->}}
	| <!--Open carry-->		| <!--Open carry-->
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Concealed carry-->
Line 344:		Line 344:
	! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}		! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}
	|-		|-
	|Belize<ref group=law>Belize: , 2000</ref>		|Belize<ref group=law>Belize: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510054549/http://www.belizelaw.org/web/lawadmin/PDF%20files/cap143.pdf |date=10 May 2023 }}, 2000</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 356:		Line 356:
	|-		|-
	|-		|-
	|Benin<ref group=law>Benin: (in French). – Article 18</ref>		|Benin<ref group=law>Benin: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222039/https://www.unrec.org/docs/harm/Benin/Projet%20de%20Loi/R%82gime%20des%20Armes%20et%20Munitions%20en%20R%82publique%20du%20B%82nin.pdf |date=5 July 2023 }} (in French). – Article 18</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|High social standing required}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|High social standing required}}
	| {{rarely|Restricted}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{rarely|Restricted}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 368:		Line 368:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Bhutan<ref group=law>Bhutan: , 1990</ref>		| Bhutan<ref group=law>Bhutan: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222049/https://www.nationalcouncil.bt/assets/uploads/docs/acts/2014/Fire_Arms_Act_1990Eng.pdf |date=5 July 2023 }}, 1990</ref>
	| {{maybe|Yes}}		| {{maybe|Yes}}
	|		|
	| colspan="2" {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebhutanese.bt/are-guns-really-a-must-for-a-bhutanese/|title=Are guns really a must for a Bhutanese?|date=11 February 2012|quote=Between 2011 and this year till date, eight people were granted import license for the arms however only one had imported gun.|website=thebhutanese.bt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104005546/https://thebhutanese.bt/are-guns-really-a-must-for-a-bhutanese/|archive-date=November 4, 2012}}</ref>		| colspan="2" {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebhutanese.bt/are-guns-really-a-must-for-a-bhutanese/|title=Are guns really a must for a Bhutanese?|date=11 February 2012|quote=Between 2011 and this year till date, eight people were granted import license for the arms however only one had imported gun.|website=thebhutanese.bt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104005546/https://thebhutanese.bt/are-guns-really-a-must-for-a-bhutanese/|archive-date=4 November 2012}}</ref>
	|		|
	|<!--Fully automatic firearms-->		|<!--Fully automatic firearms-->
Line 380:		Line 380:
	|<!--Max penalty-->		|<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Bolivia<ref group=law>Bolivia: , 2013 (in Spanish)</ref>		| Bolivia<ref group=law>Bolivia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116234933/https://www.lexivox.org/norms/BO-DS-N2175.html |date=16 November 2023 }}, 2013 (in Spanish)</ref>
	| {{maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}		| {{maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}
	| {{rarely|Rarely issued}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://correodelsur.com/local/20190317_exigen-un-test-psicologico-para-poder-portar-armas.html|title=Exigen un test psicológico para poder portar armas|date=17 March 2019|language=es|quote=According to data from the REAFUC office in Sucre, last year there was no application for a weapons license for personal defense, except for those pending procedures for an exemption that closed in 2018}}</ref>		| {{rarely|Rarely issued}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://correodelsur.com/local/20190317_exigen-un-test-psicologico-para-poder-portar-armas.html|title=Exigen un test psicológico para poder portar armas|date=17 March 2019|language=es|quote=According to data from the REAFUC office in Sucre, last year there was no application for a weapons license for personal defense, except for those pending procedures for an exemption that closed in 2018}}</ref>
Line 406:		Line 406:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Botswana<ref group=law>Botswana: </ref>		| Botswana<ref group=law>Botswana: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212163710/http://www.vertic.org/media/National%20Legislation/Botswana/BW_Arms_and_Ammunition_Act.pdf |date=12 February 2024 }}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first|Law requires good reason without stipulating what constitutes a good reason}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first|Law requires good reason without stipulating what constitutes a good reason}}}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – no issue in practice{{refn|group=N|0.7% of firearms applications accepted}}}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{rarely|May issue – no issue in practice{{refn|group=N|0.7% of firearms applications accepted}}}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 418:		Line 418:
	| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/brazil.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Brazil &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-01-28}}</ref>		| ]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/brazil.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Brazil &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-01-28 |archive-date=29 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329045927/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/brazil.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, collecting, hunting<ref></ref>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, collecting, hunting<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2023-2026/2023/Decreto/D11615.htm#art83 |title=DECREE No. 11.615, OF JULY 21, 2023 |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=20 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020002111/http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2023-2026/2023/decreto/D11615.htm#art83 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}}		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}}
	| colspan="2" {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| colspan="2" {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 426:		Line 426:
	| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Yes|No}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.in.gov.br/web/dou/-/portaria-n-150-de-5-de-dezembro-de-2019-232214925|title=PORTARIA Nº 150, DE 5 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2019}}</ref> <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Yes|No}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.in.gov.br/web/dou/-/portaria-n-150-de-5-de-dezembro-de-2019-232214925|title=PORTARIA Nº 150, DE 5 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2019|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=8 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221008201237/https://www.in.gov.br/web/dou/-/portaria-n-150-de-5-de-dezembro-de-2019-232214925|url-status=live}}</ref> <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{no}}<!--Free of registration-->		| {{no}}<!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|3 years; 6 for restricted weapons}}<ref name="disarmament statute">{{cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/2003/L10.826.htm |title=Brazil Gun Control |website=Planalto.gov.br|access-date=2017-11-24}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|3 years; 6 for restricted weapons}}<ref name="disarmament statute">{{cite web |url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/2003/L10.826.htm |title=Brazil Gun Control |website=Planalto.gov.br |access-date=2017-11-24 |archive-date=25 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171125094124/http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/Leis/2003/L10.826.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Brunei		| Brunei
Line 443:		Line 443:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Bulgaria (EU)<ref group=law>Bulgaria: , 2010 (in Bulgarian)</ref>		| Bulgaria (EU)<ref group=law>Bulgaria: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015220347/https://lex.bg/bg/laws/ldoc/2135696097 |date=15 October 2023 }}, 2010 (in Bulgarian)</ref>
	| {{maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{maybe|Justification required<ref> – Weapons control - how to get a permit for a weapon for self-defense</ref>}}		| {{maybe|Justification required<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705221454/https://webcafe.bg/obshtestvo/1761597948-kontrol-na-orazhiyata-kak-da-si-izkarame-razreshitelno-za-orazhie-za-samootbrana.html |date=5 July 2023 }} – Weapons control - how to get a permit for a weapon for self-defense</ref>}}
	| {{yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{yes|Yes – shall issue}}
	| {{yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{yes|Yes – shall issue}}
Line 456:		Line 456:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Burkina Faso<ref>{{cite web|url=https://infowakat.net/burkina-les-ventes-darmes-a-feux-aux-civils-sont-suspendues/|title=Burkina : les ventes d'armes à feux aux civils sont suspendues|date=29 February 2020|language=fr}}</ref>		| Burkina Faso<ref>{{cite web|url=https://infowakat.net/burkina-les-ventes-darmes-a-feux-aux-civils-sont-suspendues/|title=Burkina : les ventes d'armes à feux aux civils sont suspendues|date=29 February 2020|language=fr|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215942/https://infowakat.net/burkina-les-ventes-darmes-a-feux-aux-civils-sont-suspendues/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{no|No new licenses since February 2020}}		| {{no|No new licenses since February 2020}}
	| {{no}}		| {{no}}
Line 481:		Line 481:
	| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref group=law>Canada: , 1995</ref>		| ]<ref group=law>Canada: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921214129/https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-11.6/ |date=21 September 2023 }}, 1995</ref>
			| {{Yes|Not for non-restricted firearms<br/>{{hidden|<small>Required for restricted firearms</small>|Target shooting or collector required for restricted}} }}
	| {{ya|text=Not for long guns}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue{{refn|group=N|99.7% of firearm license applications granted<ref></ref> }} }} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue{{refn|group=N|99.7% of firearm license applications granted<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://firearmrights.ca/wp-content/uploads/Executed-Affidavit-of-Gary-Mauser-02389414-00046838-2xD5450.pdf |title=Court File No. T-577-20 |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=13 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213101644/https://firearmrights.ca/wp-content/uploads/Executed-Affidavit-of-Gary-Mauser-02389414-00046838-2xD5450.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> }} }} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{No|No<br/><small>pre-2022 owners grandfathered</small>}}		| {{No|No<br/><small>pre-2022 owners grandfathered</small>}} <!--Handguns-->
	| {{Maybe|Yes – Some models prohibited}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – Some models are restricted or prohibited}} <!--Semi-auto rifles-->
	| {{No|No<br/><small>pre-1978 owners grandfathered</small>}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{No|No<br/><small>pre-1978 owners grandfathered</small>}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
			| {{Maybe|Non-Restricted in rural public land only<br/>{{hidden|<small>Restricted</small>|otherwise may issue – Restricted<ref group=law> § 10</ref>}} }} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{Rarely| May Issue - Restricted}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{rarely|May issue – Restricted}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{No|May issue – Highly Restricted}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Maybe|10 (P)<br/>5 (SACFR)<br/>No (other)}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Maybe|10 (P)<br/>5 (SACFR)<br/>No (other)}} <!--Magazine Capacity-->
	| {{maybe|non-restricted only}}<!--long gun registry abolished in 2012--> <!--Free of registration-->		| {{Maybe|non-restricted only}}<!--Free of registration for Non-Restricted only-->
	| {{No|10}}<ref name="gunpolicy6">{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org |title=Gun Law and Policy: Firearms and armed violence, country by country |website=Gunpolicy.org |access-date=2015-01-28}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|10}}<ref name="gunpolicy6">{{cite web |url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/ |title=Gun Law and Policy: Firearms and armed violence, country by country |website=Gunpolicy.org |access-date=2015-01-28 |archive-date=1 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401000417/http://www.gunpolicy.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Cambodia		| Cambodia
	| {{No|Total ban}}		| {{No|Total ban}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{No}}<ref name=cambodia>{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cambodia |title=Guns in Cambodia – Firearms, gun law and gun control |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-07-21 |access-date=2019-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921075901/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cambodia|archive-date=September 21, 2023}}</ref> <!--Private citizens-->		| {{No}}<ref name=cambodia>{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cambodia |title=Guns in Cambodia – Firearms, gun law and gun control |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-07-21 |access-date=2019-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921075901/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cambodia|archive-date=21 September 2023}}</ref> <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{No}}		| {{No}}
	| {{No}}		| {{No}}
Line 507:		Line 507:
	| {{maybe|2}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{maybe|2}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Cameroon<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sahel-frontieres.org/en/publications/research/small-arms-surveys?download=20:unrec-undp-rapport-cameroun|title=Évaluation sur les armes légères pour les États du Sahel et les pays limitrophes: RÉPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN|language=fr|quote=Decree does not specify that the applicant must show a reason particular to acquire a weapon or ammunition. In practice, the assessment of the validity of the reason is left entirely at the discretion of the authorities.}}</ref>		| Cameroon<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sahel-frontieres.org/en/publications/research/small-arms-surveys?download=20:unrec-undp-rapport-cameroun|title=Évaluation sur les armes légères pour les États du Sahel et les pays limitrophes: RÉPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN|date=13 September 2024 |language=fr|quote=Decree does not specify that the applicant must show a reason particular to acquire a weapon or ammunition. In practice, the assessment of the validity of the reason is left entirely at the discretion of the authorities.}}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}
	| colspan="3" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue. Sale banned in ] regions.<ref></ref>}}		| colspan="3" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue. Sale banned in ] regions.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.africanews.com/2018/04/06/cameroon-bans-the-sale-of-arms-and-ammunition-in-six-regions// |title=Cameroon bans the sale of arms and ammunition in six regions |date=6 April 2018 |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=13 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713083922/https://www.africanews.com/2018/04/06/cameroon-bans-the-sale-of-arms-and-ammunition-in-six-regions/ |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
	| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Open carry-->
Line 517:		Line 517:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Cape Verde<ref>Cape Verde: (in Portuguese)</ref>		| Cape Verde<ref>Cape Verde: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215145657/https://pj.gov.cv/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/B.O.-n%C2%BA-27-I-S%C3%A9rie-de-22-de-Maio-de-2013-Lei-n%C2%BA-31-VIII-2013-Lei-de-Armas-e-Muni%C3%A7%C3%B5es.pdf |date=15 December 2023 }} (in Portuguese)</ref>
	| {{rarely|Yes – unspecified}}		| {{rarely|Yes – unspecified}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}
Line 560:		Line 560:
	| {{Maybe|None <small>(self defense licenses)</small>{{refn|group=N|limited to 100 rounds of each registered firearm. Hunting and sports licenses limited to 2000 rounds, 3000 for those with a transport license for each registered firearm. All ammunition sales must be registered.}}}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Maybe|None <small>(self defense licenses)</small>{{refn|group=N|limited to 100 rounds of each registered firearm. Hunting and sports licenses limited to 2000 rounds, 3000 for those with a transport license for each registered firearm. All ammunition sales must be registered.}}}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{no|10}}<ref name="Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile- BCN">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/control-de-armas|title=Control de Armas - Ley Fácil|last=Biblioteca del Congreso de Chile|date=4 March 2015|website=Biblioteca del Congreso de Chile|access-date=17 August 2017}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->		| {{no|10}}<ref name="Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile- BCN">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/control-de-armas|title=Control de Armas - Ley Fácil|last=Biblioteca del Congreso de Chile|date=4 March 2015|website=Biblioteca del Congreso de Chile|access-date=17 August 2017|archive-date=17 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817121130/http://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/control-de-armas|url-status=live}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ] <small>(excl. Hong Kong and Macau)</small>		| ] <small>(excl. Hong Kong and Macau)</small>
Line 573:		Line 573:
	| {{N/A}}		| {{N/A}}
	| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{no|7}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China|url=http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/cgvienna/eng/dbtyw/jdwt/crimelaw/t209043.htm|website=Foreign Ministry of People's Republic of China|access-date=28 March 2018}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->		| {{no|7}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China|url=http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/cgvienna/eng/dbtyw/jdwt/crimelaw/t209043.htm|website=Foreign Ministry of People's Republic of China|access-date=28 March 2018|archive-date=6 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406012433/http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/cgvienna/eng/dbtyw/jdwt/crimelaw/t209043.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Colombia<ref group=law>Colombia: , 1993 (in Spanish)</ref><ref name=com>{{cite web|url=http://davekopel.org/2A/IP/colombias-national-law-of-firearms.pdf|title=Colombia's National Law of Firearms and Explosives|date=May 2011}}</ref>		| Colombia<ref group=law>Colombia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215120312/http://www.vertic.org/media/National%20Legislation/Colombia/CO_Decreto_2535_de_1993.pdf |date=15 December 2023 }}, 1993 (in Spanish)</ref><ref name=com>{{cite web|url=http://davekopel.org/2A/IP/colombias-national-law-of-firearms.pdf|title=Colombia's National Law of Firearms and Explosives|date=May 2011|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402005227/http://davekopel.org/2A/IP/colombias-national-law-of-firearms.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting and collecting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting and collecting}}
	| {{maybe|Justification required <small>(interpretation varies by region)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{maybe|Justification required <small>(interpretation varies by region)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 601:		Line 601:
	! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}		! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}
	|-		|-
	| Comoros<ref>{{cite web|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/comoros/comoros-missing-guns-delay-demobilization-process|title=Comoros: Missing guns delay demobilization process|date=31 January 2011|quote=The National Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Programme (PNDDR) estimated there were about 400 small arms on the island, some belonging to the state military and others thought to have entered the island illegally.}}</ref>		| Comoros<ref>{{cite web|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/comoros/comoros-missing-guns-delay-demobilization-process|title=Comoros: Missing guns delay demobilization process|date=31 January 2011|quote=The National Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Programme (PNDDR) estimated there were about 400 small arms on the island, some belonging to the state military and others thought to have entered the island illegally.|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=13 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213101537/https://reliefweb.int/report/comoros/comoros-missing-guns-delay-demobilization-process|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{No|Total ban}}		| {{No|Total ban}}
	| {{no}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{no}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 614:		Line 614:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Costa Rica<ref group=law>Costa Rica: </ref>		| Costa Rica<ref group=law>Costa Rica: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215420/http://www.pgrweb.go.cr/scij/Busqueda/Normativa/Normas/nrm_texto_completo.aspx?param1=NRTC&nValor1=1&nValor2=26048&nValor3=84992&strTipM=TC |date=5 July 2023 }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, collection, hunting <small>(for more than 3 firearms)</small>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, collection, hunting <small>(for more than 3 firearms)</small>}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue (up to 3)}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue (up to 3)}}
Line 627:		Line 627:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Croatia (EU)<ref group=law>Croatia: {{cite web|url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/1161/Zakon-o-nabavi-i-posjedovanju-oružja-građana |title=Law on Procurement and Possession of Weapons by Citizens |website= zakon.hr|access-date=2020-11-12|date=2020|language=hr}}</ref>		|Croatia (EU)<ref group=law>Croatia: {{cite web|url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/1161/Zakon-o-nabavi-i-posjedovanju-oru%C5%BEja-gra%C4%91ana|title=Law on Procurement and Possession of Weapons by Citizens|website=zakon.hr|access-date=2020-11-12|date=2020|language=hr|archive-date=6 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231206021049/https://www.zakon.hr/z/1161/Zakon-o-nabavi-i-posjedovanju-oru%C5%BEja-gra%C4%91ana|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection: is self-defense a valid reason to obtain, or no reason needed-->		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection: is self-defense a valid reason to obtain, or no reason needed-->
Line 639:		Line 639:
	| {{maybe|60 days}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{maybe|60 days}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Cuba<ref group=law>Cuba: , 2008 (in Spanish)</ref>		| Cuba<ref group=law>Cuba: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210219223156/https://www.minint.gob.cu/backend/img/Decreto-Ley%20262-08_minint_pnr.pdf |date=19 February 2021 }}, 2008 (in Spanish)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting and collecting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting and collecting}}
	| {{rarely|Restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 652:		Line 652:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Cyprus (EU)<ref group=law>Cyprus: , 2004 (in Greek)</ref>		| Cyprus (EU)<ref group=law>Cyprus: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120164933/https://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/2004_1_113/full.html |date=20 November 2023 }}, 2004 (in Greek)</ref>
	| {{Yes|No}}		| {{Yes|No}}
	| {{maybe|Yes – shotguns only}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{maybe|Yes – shotguns only}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 665:		Line 665:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ] (EU)<ref group=law>Czech Republic: , 2001 (in Czech)</ref>		| ] (EU)<ref group=law>Czech Republic: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114014407/https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2002-119 |date=14 January 2024 }}, 2001 (in Czech)</ref>
	| {{yes|Simple declaration of reason}}		| {{yes|Simple declaration of reason}}
	| {{yes}} – shall issue <!--Personal protection-->		| {{yes}} – shall issue <!--Personal protection-->
	| colspan="3 "{{yes}} – shall issue <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="3 "{{yes}} – shall issue <br/><small>Permitless for category C-I and D firearms</small><!--Private citizens-->
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}{{refn|group=N|Subject to may issue police permit ("exemption") – private citizens only for collecting purposes, rarely issued}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}{{refn|group=N|Subject to may issue police permit ("exemption") – private citizens only for collecting purposes, rarely issued}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{rarely| {{hidden|Specific circumstances only|'''General public''': Allowed within context of activity that includes shooting or similar handling of firearms and when commonly considered appropriate, e.g. hunting, reenactment, biathlon, etc.<br>'''Service purposes''': Municipal Police and Czech National Bank Security while on-duty (unlike ], these are considered civilians) }} }} <!--Open carry-->		| {{rarely| {{hidden|Specific circumstances only|'''General public''': Allowed within context of activity that includes shooting or similar handling of firearms and when commonly considered appropriate, e.g. hunting, reenactment, biathlon, etc.<br>'''Service purposes''': Municipal Police and Czech National Bank Security while on-duty (unlike ], these are considered civilians) }} }} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{yes}} – shall issue <br/><small>Permitless for 2 shot black powder firearms</small> <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{yes}} – shall issue <br/><small>Permitless for category C-I and D firearms</small> <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Maybe|Shall issue exemption, Only for SACF:<br />10 (LG)<br />20 (P)}}<br />{{refn|group=N|Otherwise forbidden magazines with higher capacity are subject to shall issue police permit ("exemption") – for variety of reasons incl. self defense, sport, etc.}}		| {{Maybe|Shall issue exemption, Only for SACF:<br />10 (LG)<br />20 (P)}}<br />{{refn|group=N|Otherwise forbidden magazines with higher capacity are subject to shall issue police permit ("exemption") – for variety of reasons incl. self defense, sport, etc.}}
	| {{Maybe|<small>Weapons made before 1890</small>}}{{refn|group=N|All "Category D" weapons as defined by Act No. 119/2002 Coll. are not registered}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{Maybe|<small>Weapons made before 1890</small>}}{{refn|group=N|All "Category D" weapons as defined by Act No. 119/2002 Coll. are not registered}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{maybe|2 (8 in special cases)}}{{refn|group=N|Special cases specified by penal code, include committing the crime of illicit firearm possession as part of organized group, in "large extent" (many firearms) or during state of war or other emergency}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{maybe|2 (8 in special cases)}}{{refn|group=N|Special cases specified by penal code, include committing the crime of illicit firearm possession as part of organized group, in "large extent" (many firearms) or during state of war or other emergency}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| DR Congo<ref>{{cite journal|title=FABRICATION ET DETENTION D'ARMES LEGERES ET DE PETITS CALIBRES EN RDC : l'impératif d'une reforme législative|language=fr|first= Bahellany|last= Timothée|journal=Kas African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d'Etudes Juridiques |date=2016|volume=3 |pages=36–47 |doi=10.5771/2363-6262-2016-1-36 |s2cid=159860006 |doi-access=free}}</ref>		| DR Congo<ref>{{cite journal|title=FABRICATION ET DETENTION D'ARMES LEGERES ET DE PETITS CALIBRES EN RDC : l'impératif d'une reforme législative|language=fr|first= Bahellany|last= Timothée|journal=Kas African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d'Études Juridiques |date=2016|volume=3 |pages=36–47 |doi=10.5771/2363-6262-2016-1-36 |s2cid=159860006 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 689:		Line 689:
	| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Congo<ref group=law>Congo: , 1962 (in French)</ref>		| Congo<ref group=law>Congo: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215441/https://www.sgg.cg/JO/1962/congo-jo-1962-23.pdf |date=5 July 2023 }}, 1962 (in French)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 727:		Line 727:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Dominica<ref group=law>Dominica: , 2011</ref>		|Dominica<ref group=law>Dominica: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630173052/http://unlirec.screativa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FirearmsActNo3of2011.pdf |date=30 June 2021 }}, 2011</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 738:		Line 738:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Dominican Republic<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eldinero.com.do/96594/comercio-de-armas-en-republica-dominicana-cual-es-su-impacto-en-la-economia/|title=Comercio de armas de fuego en República Dominicana: ¿Cuál es su impacto en la economía?|date=14 January 2014|first=Dolfi|last=Gómez|language=es}}</ref>		| Dominican Republic<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eldinero.com.do/96594/comercio-de-armas-en-republica-dominicana-cual-es-su-impacto-en-la-economia/|title=Comercio de armas de fuego en República Dominicana: ¿Cuál es su impacto en la economía?|date=14 January 2014|first=Dolfi|last=Gómez|language=es|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=13 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713083932/https://eldinero.com.do/96594/comercio-de-armas-en-republica-dominicana-cual-es-su-impacto-en-la-economia/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{rarely|New licenses rarely issued as a result of import ban}} <!--Personal protection-->		| colspan="2" {{rarely|New licenses rarely issued as a result of import ban}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{maybe|Shotguns only}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{maybe|Shotguns only}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 750:		Line 750:
	|<!--Max penalty-->		|<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Ecuador<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cuencahighlife.com/ecuador-gun-laws-arms-that-are-legal-to-carry-and-or-own-in-ecuador/|title=Ecuador Gun Laws & Arms that are Legal to Carry and/or Own in Ecuador|date=18 December 2019}}</ref>		| Ecuador<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cuencahighlife.com/ecuador-gun-laws-arms-that-are-legal-to-carry-and-or-own-in-ecuador/|title=Ecuador Gun Laws & Arms that are Legal to Carry and/or Own in Ecuador|date=18 December 2019|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=3 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203043646/https://cuencahighlife.com/ecuador-gun-laws-arms-that-are-legal-to-carry-and-or-own-in-ecuador/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collection}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collection}}
	| {{Yes|Yes (one handgun)}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Yes (one handgun)}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 774:		Line 774:
	| {{maybe|1}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{maybe|1}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Egypt<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/egypt.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Egypt &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-01-28}}</ref>		| Egypt<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/egypt.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Egypt &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-01-28 |archive-date=30 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230110940/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/egypt.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 812:		Line 812:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Ethiopia<ref group=law>Ethiopia: {{cite web|url=https://www.lawethiopia.com/images/federal_proclamation/proclamations_by_number/A%20PROCLAMATION%20TO%20PROVIDE%20FOR%20FIREARM%20ADMINISTRATION%20AND%20CONTROL%20OF%20THE%20FEDERAL%20DEMOCRATIC%20REPUBLIC%20OF%20ETHIOPIA.pdf|title=Firearm Administration and Control Proclamation|date=2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ezega.com/News/NewsDetails/7917/Ethiopia-to-Begin-Registration-of-Privately-Held-Firearms|title=Ethiopia to Begin Registration of Privately-Held Firearms|date=4 May 2020|quote=Adanech said no party in Ethiopia has been licensed to transfer or sell rifles and hence those firearms transactions that have been taking place in different parts of the country were illegal, she said}}</ref>		| Ethiopia<ref group=law>Ethiopia: {{cite web|url=https://www.lawethiopia.com/images/federal_proclamation/proclamations_by_number/A%20PROCLAMATION%20TO%20PROVIDE%20FOR%20FIREARM%20ADMINISTRATION%20AND%20CONTROL%20OF%20THE%20FEDERAL%20DEMOCRATIC%20REPUBLIC%20OF%20ETHIOPIA.pdf|title=Firearm Administration and Control Proclamation|date=2020|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=17 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117190840/https://www.lawethiopia.com/images/federal_proclamation/proclamations_by_number/A%20PROCLAMATION%20TO%20PROVIDE%20FOR%20FIREARM%20ADMINISTRATION%20AND%20CONTROL%20OF%20THE%20FEDERAL%20DEMOCRATIC%20REPUBLIC%20OF%20ETHIOPIA.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ezega.com/News/NewsDetails/7917/Ethiopia-to-Begin-Registration-of-Privately-Held-Firearms|title=Ethiopia to Begin Registration of Privately-Held Firearms|date=4 May 2020|quote=Adanech said no party in Ethiopia has been licensed to transfer or sell rifles and hence those firearms transactions that have been taking place in different parts of the country were illegal, she said|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=1 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001153927/https://www.ezega.com/News/NewsDetails/7917/Ethiopia-to-Begin-Registration-of-Privately-Held-Firearms|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Shotguns only}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Shotguns only}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 824:		Line 824:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Estonia (EU)<ref group=law>Estonia: {{cite web|url=https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/RelvS |title=Weapons Act |website=Riigiteataja.ee |access-date=2015-01-29}} (in Estonian)</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Riigi Infosüsteemi Amet |url=https://www.eesti.ee/eng/kodakondsus/turvalisus/mida_peaks_teadma_relvadest |title=Weapons and weapon's permits |language=et |website=eesti.ee |access-date=2015-01-29}}</ref>		| Estonia (EU)<ref group=law>Estonia: {{cite web |url=https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/RelvS |title=Weapons Act |website=Riigiteataja.ee |access-date=2015-01-29 |archive-date=4 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204085617/https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/RelvS |url-status=live }} (in Estonian)</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Riigi Infosüsteemi Amet |url=https://www.eesti.ee/eng/kodakondsus/turvalisus/mida_peaks_teadma_relvadest |title=Weapons and weapon's permits |language=et |website=eesti.ee |access-date=2015-01-29 |archive-date=5 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205124053/https://www.eesti.ee/eng/kodakondsus/turvalisus/mida_peaks_teadma_relvadest |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, target shooting, collecting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, target shooting, collecting}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
Line 830:		Line 830:
	| {{yes}} – shall issue		| {{yes}} – shall issue
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
	| {{Maybe|Shall issue – members of ] off duty<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.postimees.ee/3080109/defence-league-wants-more-guns-in-homes |title= Defence League wants more guns in homes|date=February 4, 2015}}</ref>}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{Maybe|Shall issue – members of ] off duty<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.postimees.ee/3080109/defence-league-wants-more-guns-in-homes |title=Defence League wants more guns in homes |date=4 February 2015 |access-date=9 September 2019 |archive-date=20 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120080550/https://news.postimees.ee/3080109/defence-league-wants-more-guns-in-homes |url-status=live }}</ref>}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{yes}} – shall issue<br />(no bullet in chamber – except revolvers) <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{yes}} – shall issue<br />(no bullet in chamber – except revolvers) <!--Concealed carry-->
Line 850:		Line 850:
	! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}		! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}
	|-		|-
	| Equatorial Guinea<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/pdf/LeydeTasasFiscales.pdf|page=205|title=Ley De Tasas Fiscales|language=es|trans-title=Tax Rates Law}}</ref>		| Equatorial Guinea<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/pdf/LeydeTasasFiscales.pdf|page=205|title=Ley De Tasas Fiscales|language=es|trans-title=Tax Rates Law|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=13 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113103943/https://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/pdf/LeydeTasasFiscales.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}
	| <!--Personal protection-->		| <!--Personal protection-->
Line 864:		Line 864:
	|-		|-
	| Fiji		| Fiji
	| {{No|All licenses suspended in 2000}}<ref name="oceania">{{cite web|url=https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/87853/2003-03-OP08_Small%20Arms%20in%20the%20Pacific.pdf|title=Small Arms in the Pacific|date=2003|page=61}}</ref>		| {{No|All licenses suspended in 2000}}<ref name="oceania">{{cite web|url=https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/87853/2003-03-OP08_Small%20Arms%20in%20the%20Pacific.pdf|title=Small Arms in the Pacific|date=2003|page=61|access-date=1 August 2019|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805174245/https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/87853/2003-03-OP08_Small%20Arms%20in%20the%20Pacific.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{No|No}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{No|No}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 876:		Line 876:
	| {{No|2–10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|2–10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ] (EU)<ref group=law>Finland: , 1998</ref>		| ] (EU)<ref group=law>Finland: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213130115/https://finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/1998/en19980001.pdf |date=13 February 2023 }}, 1998</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Ya|text=Shall issue in practice{{refn|group=N|98% of firearm license applications granted<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nisat.prio.org/misc/download.ashx?file=58283|title=Small Arms in Finland|page=3}}</ref> }} }}<!--Private citizens-->		| {{Ya|text=Shall issue in practice{{refn|group=N|98% of firearm license applications granted<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nisat.prio.org/misc/download.ashx?file=58283|title=Small Arms in Finland|page=3|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=13 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213101540/http://nisat.prio.org/misc/download.ashx?file=58283|url-status=live}}</ref> }} }}<!--Private citizens-->
	| {{Ya|text=Yes}}		| {{Ya|text=Yes}}
	| {{Ya|text=Yes}}		| {{Ya|text=Yes}}
Line 902:		Line 902:
	| {{No|7}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|7}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Gabon<ref group=law>Gabon: , 2017</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gabonreview.com/armes-a-feu-lurgence-dune-reglementation/|title=Armes à feu : L'urgence d'une réglementation|date=16 October 2016|language=fr|quote=However, very few applications for firearms licenses have been registered in recent years}}</ref>		| Gabon<ref group=law>Gabon: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213130118/http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/Gab174790.pdf |date=13 February 2023 }}, 2017</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gabonreview.com/armes-a-feu-lurgence-dune-reglementation/|title=Armes à feu : L'urgence d'une réglementation|date=16 October 2016|language=fr|quote=However, very few applications for firearms licenses have been registered in recent years|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=1 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901045707/https://www.gabonreview.com/armes-a-feu-lurgence-dune-reglementation/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	|		|
	| {{Maybe|Yes – justification required}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – justification required}}
Line 915:		Line 915:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Gambia<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/80d74bb7-ccec-4fbf-9b29-15f4aece455a|title=The Gambia 2019 Crime & Safety Report|quote=The Gambia has strict laws regarding the use and possession of dangerous weapons. “Military style” firearms are illegal. The police can license hunting weapons.}}</ref><ref name=gam; group=law>Gambia: {{cite web|url=https://www.unrec.org/docs/harm/Gambia/Acts/Arms%20and%20ammunition.pdf|title=Arms and Ammunition Act, Gambia|date=1990}}</ref>		| Gambia<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/80d74bb7-ccec-4fbf-9b29-15f4aece455a|title=The Gambia 2019 Crime & Safety Report|quote=The Gambia has strict laws regarding the use and possession of dangerous weapons. “Military style” firearms are illegal. The police can license hunting weapons.|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220614/https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/80d74bb7-ccec-4fbf-9b29-15f4aece455a|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=gam; group=law>Gambia: {{cite web|url=https://www.unrec.org/docs/harm/Gambia/Acts/Arms%20and%20ammunition.pdf|title=Arms and Ammunition Act, Gambia|date=1990|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=10 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110114512/https://www.unrec.org/docs/harm/Gambia/Acts/Arms%20and%20ammunition.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 940:		Line 940:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ] (EU)<ref group=law>Germany: , 2002 (in German)</ref>		| ] (EU)<ref group=law>Germany: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124225749/http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/waffg_2002/BJNR397010002.html |date=24 January 2021 }}, 2002 (in German)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, hunting, collecting{{refn|group=N|name=forth|While law does not specify "good reason" those are accepted in practice}}}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, hunting, collecting{{refn|group=N|name=forth|While law does not specify "good reason" those are accepted in practice}}}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 953:		Line 953:
	| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Ghana<ref>{{cite web|url=https://police.gov.gh/en/index.php/central-firearms-registry-cfr/|title=Central Firearm Registry}}</ref>		| Ghana<ref>{{cite web|url=https://police.gov.gh/en/index.php/central-firearms-registry-cfr/|title=Central Firearm Registry|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220128/https://police.gov.gh/en/index.php/central-firearms-registry-cfr/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
Line 966:		Line 966:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Greece		| Greece (EU)
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}}		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}}
Line 979:		Line 979:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Grenada<ref group=law>Grenada: , 1968</ref>		| Grenada<ref group=law>Grenada: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630173040/http://unlirec.screativa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FirearmsAct.pdf |date=30 June 2021 }}, 1968</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 991:		Line 991:
	| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Guinea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/T-Briefing-Papers/SANA-BP-Forensics-Guinee.pdf|title=Arms Monitoring in Guinea|publisher=Small Arms Survey|date=April 2020|page=4|quote=licences for hunting rifles. These licences are valid for a year and can be renewed; only 35 such licences were issued in 2018}}</ref>		| Guinea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/T-Briefing-Papers/SANA-BP-Forensics-Guinee.pdf|title=Arms Monitoring in Guinea|publisher=Small Arms Survey|date=April 2020|page=4|quote=licences for hunting rifles. These licences are valid for a year and can be renewed; only 35 such licences were issued in 2018|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=28 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728120324/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/T-Briefing-Papers/SANA-BP-Forensics-Guinee.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}
	| {{Rarely|Restricted}}		| {{Rarely|Restricted}}
Line 1,004:		Line 1,004:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Guinea-Bissau<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.poa-iss.org/CASACountryProfile/PoANationalReports/Guinea-Bissau-2010-en.pdf|title=NATIONAL REPORT ON IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects: Guinea Bissau|quote=The homemade manufacture was simply prohibited because the Portuguese feared any transaction of such weapons to the Independentist Fighters. in the first years after independence, the Guinean state published the Law 1 / 73, BO of 04/01/75, which maintains, in the following terms, the same Portuguese colonial law}}</ref>		| Guinea-Bissau<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.poa-iss.org/CASACountryProfile/PoANationalReports/Guinea-Bissau-2010-en.pdf|title=NATIONAL REPORT ON IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects: Guinea Bissau|quote=The homemade manufacture was simply prohibited because the Portuguese feared any transaction of such weapons to the Independentist Fighters. in the first years after independence, the Guinean state published the Law 1 / 73, BO of 04/01/75, which maintains, in the following terms, the same Portuguese colonial law|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521101605/http://www.poa-iss.org/CASACountryProfile/PoANationalReports/Guinea-Bissau-2010-en.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	| {{No|Total ban}}		| {{No|Total ban}}
	| {{No}}		| {{No}}
Line 1,017:		Line 1,017:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Guyana<ref group=law>, 1996</ref>		| Guyana<ref group=law> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603164548/https://laws.parliament.na/cms_documents/arms-and-ammunition-5765b63fb2.pdf |date=3 June 2021 }}, 1996</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,029:		Line 1,029:
	| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|]<ref group=law>Guatemala: , 2009 (in Spanish)</ref>		|]<ref group=law>Guatemala: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024003712/http://www.unlirec.org/Documents/Centroamerica/Guatemala/LeyArmasMunicionesDecretoN15-2009.pdf |date=24 October 2020 }}, 2009 (in Spanish)</ref>
	| {{Yes|Not for possession}}		| {{Yes|Not for possession}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – government approval required}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – government approval required}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,042:		Line 1,042:
	| {{No|15}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|15}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Haiti<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/B-Occasional-papers/SAS-OP14-Haiti-EN.pdf|title=Securing Haiti's Transition|date=October 2005}}</ref>		| Haiti<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/B-Occasional-papers/SAS-OP14-Haiti-EN.pdf|title=Securing Haiti's Transition|date=October 2005|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=30 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630173023/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/B-Occasional-papers/SAS-OP14-Haiti-EN.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{rarely|Rarely issued since 2003}}		| colspan="2" {{rarely|Rarely issued since 2003}}
	| {{rarely|Restricted}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{rarely|Restricted}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,129:		Line 1,129:
	| <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" |20 or death<ref>20 years or death penalty ()</ref> <!--Max penalty-->		| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" |20 or death<ref>20 years or death penalty ( {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401000417/http://www.gunpolicy.org/ |date=1 April 2021 }})</ref> <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Iraq<ref name="iraq">{{cite web|url=https://www.moj.gov.iq/upload/pdf/4439.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120032939/https://www.moj.gov.iq/upload/pdf/4439.pdf |archive-date=2019-11-20 |url-status=live|title=Iraqi Official Gazette |date=20 March 2017|language=ar}}</ref>		| Iraq<ref name="iraq">{{cite web|url=https://www.moj.gov.iq/upload/pdf/4439.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120032939/https://www.moj.gov.iq/upload/pdf/4439.pdf |archive-date=2019-11-20 |url-status=live|title=Iraqi Official Gazette |date=20 March 2017|language=ar}}</ref>
Line 1,143:		Line 1,143:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Iran<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iraneconomics.net/gun-restrictions-iran-can-citizens/|title=Gun Restrictions in Iran: What can Citizens Own?|date=July 6, 2014}}</ref>		| Iran<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iraneconomics.net/gun-restrictions-iran-can-citizens/|title=Gun Restrictions in Iran: What can Citizens Own?|date=6 July 2014}}</ref>
	| {{no}} <!--Good reason-->		| {{no}} <!--Good reason-->
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}<!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}<!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,156:		Line 1,156:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Ireland (EU)<ref group=law>Ireland: , 1925</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://revisedacts.lawreform.ie/eli/1925/act/17/revised/en/html | title=Revised Acts }}</ref>		| Ireland (EU)<ref group=law>Ireland: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204141321/https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/17/enacted/en/html |date=4 December 2023 }}, 1925</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://revisedacts.lawreform.ie/eli/1925/act/17/revised/en/html | title=Revised Acts | access-date=20 October 2023 | archive-date=5 July 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705225859/https://revisedacts.lawreform.ie/eli/1925/act/17/revised/en/html | url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{maybe|Yes – hunting, sports shooting or pest control{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}		| {{maybe|Yes – hunting, sports shooting or pest control{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,169:		Line 1,169:
	| {{no|7}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{no|7}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Israel<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/israel.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Israel &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>		| Israel<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/israel.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Israel &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218141840/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/israel.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{Maybe|May issue – specific reason needed}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|May issue – specific reason needed}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,193:		Line 1,193:
	| {{Maybe|20 (P)<br/>10 (R,S)}}<!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Maybe|20 (P)<br/>10 (R,S)}}<!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->
			| {{Maybe|1}}<ref></ref><!---Max penalty-->
	|<!---Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref group=law>Jamaica: , 1967</ref>		| ]<ref group=law>Jamaica: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709211545/https://www.firearmlicensingauthority.com/pdf/Firearm%20Act.pdf |date=9 July 2022 }}, 1967</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue{{refn|group=N|89% of firearm license applications granted (2011-2013)<ref></ref>}} }} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue{{refn|group=N|89% of firearm license applications granted (2011-2013)<ref></ref>}} }} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,207:		Line 1,207:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Ivory Coast<ref group=law>Ivory Coast: , 1999 (in French)</ref>		| Ivory Coast<ref group=law>Ivory Coast: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128235512/https://www.yavascalar-africa.com/backoffice/documents/Yavascalar_Africa_141014_121928.pdf |date=28 November 2020 }}, 1999 (in French)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting <small>(justification required)</small>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting <small>(justification required)</small>}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – justification required}}<!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – justification required}}<!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,219:		Line 1,219:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Japan<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/japan.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Japan &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=] |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.davekopel.com/2A/Foreign/Japan-Gun-Control-and-People-Control.htm |title=Japan: Gun Control and People Control |publisher=Davekopel.com |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218225607/http://www.davekopel.com/2A/Foreign/Japan-Gun-Control-and-People-Control.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>		| Japan<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/japan.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Japan &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=] |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=30 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230122746/https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/japan.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.davekopel.com/2A/Foreign/Japan-Gun-Control-and-People-Control.htm |title=Japan: Gun Control and People Control |publisher=Davekopel.com |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218225607/http://www.davekopel.com/2A/Foreign/Japan-Gun-Control-and-People-Control.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting or sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting or sport shooting}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,245:		Line 1,245:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Kazakhstan<ref></ref>		|Kazakhstan<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://egov.kz/cms/en/articles/public_legal_order/registracia_weapon |title=Registration of weapons in Kazakhstan |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=12 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512063550/https://egov.kz/cms/en/articles/public_legal_order/registracia_weapon |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|Rifles|Three years of shotgun ownership and hunting license required}}}}		| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|Rifles|Three years of shotgun ownership and hunting license required}}}}
	| {{Yes|Yes<br/><small>(shotguns only)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Yes<br/><small>(shotguns only)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,258:		Line 1,258:
	|{{Maybe|5}} <!--Max penalty-->		|{{Maybe|5}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Kenya<ref group=law>Kenya: , 2015</ref>		| Kenya<ref group=law>Kenya: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128062609/https://www.unodc.org/res/cld/document/firearms-act_html/FirearmsAct40of1953.pdf |date=28 November 2020 }}, 2015</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,296:		Line 1,296:
	| <!---Max penalty (years)-->		| <!---Max penalty (years)-->
	|-		|-
	|Kyrgyzstan<ref group=law>Kyrgyzstan: , 1991 (in Kyrgyz)</ref>		|Kyrgyzstan<ref group=law>Kyrgyzstan: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222053/http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ky-kg/214 |date=5 July 2023 }}, 1991 (in Kyrgyz)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|Rifles|Five years of shotgun ownership required}}}}		| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|Rifles|Five years of shotgun ownership required}}}}
	| {{Yes|Yes<br/><small>(shotguns only)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Yes<br/><small>(shotguns only)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,321:		Line 1,321:
	| {{no|10}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{no|10}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Latvia (EU)<ref group=law>Latvia: , 2002 (outdated, as of 2019)</ref>		|Latvia (EU)<ref group=law>Latvia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705221220/https://likumi.lv/ta/en/en/id/221384 |date=5 July 2023 }}, 2002 (outdated, as of 2019)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue (handguns and shotguns)}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue (handguns and shotguns)}}
Line 1,360:		Line 1,360:
	|<!--Max penalty (years)-->		|<!--Max penalty (years)-->
	|-		|-
	| Lesotho<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Lesotho.pdf|title=Small Arm Legislation in Lesotho|date=2003}}</ref><ref group=law>Lesotho: , 1996</ref>		| Lesotho<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Lesotho.pdf|title=Small Arm Legislation in Lesotho|date=2003|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=13 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213102110/https://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Lesotho.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref group=law>Lesotho: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114090529/http://www.vertic.org/media/National%20Legislation/Lesotho/LS_Internal_Security_Arms_Ammunition_Act.pdf |date=14 January 2024 }}, 1996</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{maybe|Yes – shotguns only}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{maybe|Yes – shotguns only}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,372:		Line 1,372:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Liberia<ref group=law>Liberia: , 2015</ref>		| Liberia<ref group=law>Liberia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711184724/https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl-nat.nsf/implementingLaws.xsp?documentId=7268B7747562B4E8C12581BE004BECA8&action=openDocument |date=11 July 2022 }}, 2015</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,385:		Line 1,385:
	|<!--Max penalty (years)-->		|<!--Max penalty (years)-->
	|-		|-
	| Libya<ref group=law>Libya: , 1967</ref>		| Libya<ref group=law>Libya: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124213045/https://security-legislation.ly/node/33492 |date=24 January 2021 }}, 1967</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,397:		Line 1,397:
	|<!--Max penalty (years)-->		|<!--Max penalty (years)-->
	|-		|-
	|] (EU)<ref group=law>Lithuania: , 2002</ref>		|] (EU)<ref group=law>Lithuania: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113104534/http://www.vertic.org/media/National%20Legislation/Lithuania/LT_Law_on_Control_of_Arms_and_Ammunitions.pdf |date=13 November 2023 }}, 2002</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue (handguns and shotguns)}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue (handguns and shotguns)}}
Line 1,405:		Line 1,405:
	| {{Maybe|		| {{Maybe|
	{{hidden|Depends|'''General Public''': No.<br>'''Privately owned firearms of members of ], ], ]''': Yes.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/1653580/lithuania-allows-members-of-riflemen-s-union-to-keep-automatic-guns-at-home | title=Lithuania allows members of Riflemen's Union to keep automatic guns at home | date=24 March 2022 }}</ref> }} }}		{{hidden|Depends|'''General Public''': No.<br>'''Privately owned firearms of members of ], ], ]''': Yes.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/1653580/lithuania-allows-members-of-riflemen-s-union-to-keep-automatic-guns-at-home | title=Lithuania allows members of Riflemen's Union to keep automatic guns at home | date=24 March 2022 | access-date=20 October 2023 | archive-date=17 January 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117160157/https://www.lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/1653580/lithuania-allows-members-of-riflemen-s-union-to-keep-automatic-guns-at-home | url-status=live }}</ref> }} }}
	| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{yes}} – shall issue<br />(no bullet in chamber – except revolvers)<ref>https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/3904 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215827/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/3904|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref> <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{yes}} – shall issue<br />(no bullet in chamber – except revolvers)<ref>https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/3904 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215827/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/3904|date=5 July 2023}}</ref> <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Maybe|20 (P)<br/>10 (R,S)}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Maybe|20 (P)<br/>10 (R,S)}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|5}}<ref>https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/12323 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215827/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/12323|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5}}<ref>https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/12323 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215827/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/12323|date=5 July 2023}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Luxembourg (EU)		|Luxembourg (EU)
Line 1,424:		Line 1,424:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Madagascar<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.madagascar-tribune.com/200-permis-accordes,10794.html|title=200 permis accordés|trans-title=200 permits granted|date=16 January 2019|language=fr}}</ref>		| Madagascar<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.madagascar-tribune.com/200-permis-accordes,10794.html|title=200 permis accordés|trans-title=200 permits granted|date=16 January 2019|language=fr|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705221706/https://www.madagascar-tribune.com/200-permis-accordes,10794.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}		| {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}
Line 1,436:		Line 1,436:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Malawi<ref group=law>Malawi: , 1997</ref>		| Malawi<ref group=law>Malawi: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128083015/https://malawilii.org/mw/legislation/act/1967/43 |date=28 November 2020 }}, 1997</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,447:		Line 1,447:
	| {{No|14}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|14}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Malaysia<ref group=law>Malaysia: , 1960</ref>		|Malaysia<ref group=law>Malaysia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818090925/http://www.agc.gov.my/agcportal/uploads/files/Publications/LOM/EN/Act%20206%20as%20at%201_2_2017.pdf |date=18 August 2019 }}, 1960</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,472:		Line 1,472:
	|<!--Max penalty-->		|<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Mali<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.abamako.com/h/186638.html|title=Communique du gouvernement de la République du Mali|date=16 April 2018}}</ref>		| Mali<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.abamako.com/h/186638.html|title=Communique du gouvernement de la République du Mali|date=16 April 2018|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215416/http://news.abamako.com/h/186638.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{No|All licenses suspended in 2018}}		| {{No|All licenses suspended in 2018}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,485:		Line 1,485:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|] (EU)<ref group=law>Malta: , 2005</ref><ref name=malta>{{cite web|url=https://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/73253/over_100000_weapons__and_one_rocketlauncher__in_private_hands#.XUSAcugzaUk|title=Over 100,000 weapons - and one rocket-launcher - in private hands|date=January 12, 2017}}</ref>		|] (EU)<ref group=law>Malta: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222712/https://legislation.mt/eli/cap/480/eng/pdf |date=5 July 2023 }}, 2005</ref><ref name=malta>{{cite web|url=https://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/73253/over_100000_weapons__and_one_rocketlauncher__in_private_hands#.XUSAcugzaUk|title=Over 100,000 weapons - and one rocket-launcher - in private hands|date=12 January 2017|access-date=2 August 2019|archive-date=2 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802185130/https://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/73253/over_100000_weapons__and_one_rocketlauncher__in_private_hands#.XUSAcugzaUk|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – target shooting or collecting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – target shooting or collecting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection: is self-defense a valid reason to obtain, or no reason needed-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection: is self-defense a valid reason to obtain, or no reason needed-->
Line 1,524:		Line 1,524:
	| {{No|15}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|15}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Mauritius<ref group=law>Mauritius: , 2007</ref>		| Mauritius<ref group=law>Mauritius: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128083015/https://malawilii.org/mw/legislation/act/1967/43 |date=28 November 2020 }}, 2007</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,534:		Line 1,534:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/mexico.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Mexico &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>		| ]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/mexico.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Mexico &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=29 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329110924/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/mexico.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, collecting, hunting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, collecting, hunting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – home defense <small>(one handgun)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Yes – home defense <small>(one handgun)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,560:		Line 1,560:
	| {{No|5}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Moldova<ref group=law>Moldova: , 2012</ref><ref>, saferworld.org.uk</ref>		| Moldova<ref group=law>Moldova: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240115024020/https://www.seesac.org/f/docs/Moldova-1/Law-on-the-Regime-of-Firearms-and-Ammunition-for-Civilian-Use-2012-EN_1_1.pdf |date=15 January 2024 }}, 2012</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113104532/https://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Moldova1.pdf |date=13 November 2023 }}, saferworld.org.uk</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{Yes|Yes (handguns)}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Yes (handguns)}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,573:		Line 1,573:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Monaco<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.service-public-particuliers.gouv.mc/Free-time/Sport-and-recreation/Permits-and-certificates/How-to-request-a-licence-to-keep-or-acquire-firearms |title=How to request a licence to keep or acquire firearms |date=2012-10-26 |access-date=2019-09-16}}</ref>		| Monaco<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.service-public-particuliers.gouv.mc/Free-time/Sport-and-recreation/Permits-and-certificates/How-to-request-a-licence-to-keep-or-acquire-firearms |title=How to request a licence to keep or acquire firearms |date=2012-10-26 |access-date=2019-09-16 |archive-date=10 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110114458/https://en.service-public-particuliers.gouv.mc/Free-time/Sport-and-recreation/Permits-and-certificates/How-to-request-a-licence-to-keep-or-acquire-firearms |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Ya|text=Not for repeating long guns <small>(Membership in Monaco Rifle Club required for other firearms)</small>}}		| {{Ya|text=Not for repeating long guns <small>(Membership in Monaco Rifle Club required for other firearms)</small>}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,599:		Line 1,599:
	! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}		! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}
	|-		|-
	| Montenegro<ref group=law>Montenegro: </ref>		| Montenegro<ref group=law>Montenegro: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213122020/https://www.seesac.org/f/img/File/Res/National-Arms-Laws/Montenegro-95.pdf |date=13 February 2023 }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,625:		Line 1,625:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Morocco<ref> (in French)</ref>		|Morocco<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705221454/https://www.challenge.ma/port-darmes-halal-pour-la-chasse-haram-pour-les-civils-78665/ |date=5 July 2023 }} (in French)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}
	| {{Rarely|Restricted}}		| {{Rarely|Restricted}}
Line 1,664:		Line 1,664:
	| {{no|7}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{no|7}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Namibia<ref group=law>Namibia: , 1997</ref>		| Namibia<ref group=law>Namibia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603164548/https://laws.parliament.na/cms_documents/arms-and-ammunition-5765b63fb2.pdf |date=3 June 2021 }}, 1997</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue{{refn|group=N|83% of firearm license applications granted}}}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue{{refn|group=N|83% of firearm license applications granted}}}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,686:		Line 1,686:
	| {{N/A}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{N/A}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{Maybe|2–4}}<ref>Nauru: , 2016 (Article 212)</ref><!--Max penalty-->		| {{Maybe|2–4}}<ref>Nauru: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129041311/https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CEDAW/Shared%20Documents/NRU/INT_CEDAW_ARL_NRU_28029_E.pdf |date=29 November 2020 }}, 2016 (Article 212)</ref><!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Nepal<ref group=law>Nepal: , 2019</ref>		| Nepal<ref group=law>Nepal: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207002902/https://www.lawcommission.gov.np/en/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/arms-and-ammunition-act-2019-1962.pdf |date=7 December 2023 }}, 2019</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{maybe|Shotguns and muzzle-loading rifles}}		| {{maybe|Shotguns and muzzle-loading rifles}}
Line 1,713:		Line 1,713:
	| {{maybe|1}}<ref name="policynl">the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm is no more than 9 months in prison or a fine ( )</ref><!--Max penalty-->		| {{maybe|1}}<ref name="policynl">the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm is no more than 9 months in prison or a fine ( )</ref><!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref group=law>New Zealand: , 1983</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/newzealand.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: New Zealand &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>		| ]<ref group=law>New Zealand: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102015418/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1983/0044/latest/DLM72622.html |date=2 November 2019 }}, 1983</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/newzealand.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: New Zealand &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=24 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324232937/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/newzealand.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{ya|text=Not for long guns}}		| {{ya|text=Not for long guns}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| colspan="2" {{Ya|text=May issue – shall issue in practice{{refn|group=N|99.6% of firearm license applications granted<ref></ref>}}}}<!--Private citizens-->		| {{Ya|text=May issue – shall issue in practice{{refn|group=N|99.6% of firearm license applications granted<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/384951/new-zealand-firearm-licence-applications-had-a-99-point-6-percent-pass-rate-in-2017 |title=New Zealand firearm licence applications had a 99.6 percent pass rate in 2017 |website=] |date=18 March 2019 |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705225845/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/384951/new-zealand-firearm-licence-applications-had-a-99-point-6-percent-pass-rate-in-2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}}}<!--Private citizens-->
			| {{Rarely|Tightly regulated. Must be an active member of a pistol club.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firearmssafetyauthority.govt.nz/manage-and-apply/endorsements/pistol-target-shooting-endorsement/pistol-target-shooting-conditions|title=Pistol target shooting: Conditions|publisher=New Zealand Firearms Safety Authority|access-date=2024-07-21}}</ref>}}
	| {{Rarely|Rimfire only}}		| {{Rarely|Rimfire only}}
	| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
Line 1,725:		Line 1,726:
	| {{maybe|10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{maybe|10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Nicaragua<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/especiales/267132-10-cada-100-personas-no-son-aptas-portar-armas/|title=10 de cada 100 personas no son aptas para portar armas|language=es|date=21 October 2012}}</ref>		| Nicaragua<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/especiales/267132-10-cada-100-personas-no-son-aptas-portar-armas/|title=10 de cada 100 personas no son aptas para portar armas|language=es|date=21 October 2012|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=9 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009050321/https://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/especiales/267132-10-cada-100-personas-no-son-aptas-portar-armas/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	| {{Yes|No}}		| {{Yes|No}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
Line 1,738:		Line 1,739:
	|<!--Max penalty-->		|<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Niger<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sahel-frontieres.org/fr/publications/research/small-arms-surveys?download=23:unrec-undp-rapport-niger|title=Évaluation sur les armes légères pour les États du Sahel et les pays limitrophes: RÉPUBLIQUE DU NIGER|language=fr|quote=The other category of people who hold arms are traders who can afford to buy them and are able to carry out the administrative procedures for obtaining a permit to carry weapons}}</ref>		| Niger<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sahel-frontieres.org/fr/publications/research/small-arms-surveys?download=23:unrec-undp-rapport-niger|title=Évaluation sur les armes légères pour les États du Sahel et les pays limitrophes: RÉPUBLIQUE DU NIGER|date=13 September 2024 |language=fr|quote=The other category of people who hold arms are traders who can afford to buy them and are able to carry out the administrative procedures for obtaining a permit to carry weapons}}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{rarely|Only traders in practice}}		| colspan="2" {{rarely|Only traders in practice}}
	| {{rarely|Restricted}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{rarely|Restricted}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,750:		Line 1,751:
	| <ref name="Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile- BCN" /> <!--Max penalty-->		| <ref name="Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile- BCN" /> <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Nigeria<ref group=law>Nigeria: </ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldpress.org/cover7.htm#|title=Gun Smuggling in the Niger Delta|first=Babafemi|last=Ojudu|publisher=World Press Review}}</ref>		| Nigeria<ref group=law>Nigeria: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930061641/http://lawsofnigeria.placng.org/laws/F28.pdf |date=30 September 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldpress.org/cover7.htm|title=Gun Smuggling in the Niger Delta|first=Babafemi|last=Ojudu|publisher=World Press Review|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=10 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510221629/https://www.worldpress.org/cover7.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,776:		Line 1,777:
	| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" | 20 or death <!--Max penalty-->		| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" | 20 or death <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref>North Macedonia: , 2010</ref>		| ]<ref>North Macedonia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328125132/https://www.seesac.org/f/tmp/files/failovi/218.pdf |date=28 March 2023 }}, 2010</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, collecting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, collecting and sport shooting}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,789:		Line 1,790:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref group=law>Norway: , 1961</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/norway.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Norway &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref> <!--Private citizens-->		| ]<ref group=law>Norway: , 1961</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/norway.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Norway &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218142038/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/norway.php |url-status=live }}</ref> <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| colspan="2" {{Yes|Yes – shall issue{{refn|group=N|98.3% of firearm license application granted (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riksrevisjonen.no/globalassets/rapporter/no-2018-2019/revisjonsrapport2017politietsbehandlingavsoknaderomvaapentillatelse.pdf|title=Revisjonsrapport for 2017 om politiets behandling av våpensaker|page=14}}</ref> }} }} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{Yes|Yes – shall issue{{refn|group=N|98.3% of firearm license application granted (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riksrevisjonen.no/globalassets/rapporter/no-2018-2019/revisjonsrapport2017politietsbehandlingavsoknaderomvaapentillatelse.pdf|title=Revisjonsrapport for 2017 om politiets behandling av våpensaker|page=14|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=16 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116015316/https://www.riksrevisjonen.no/globalassets/rapporter/no-2018-2019/revisjonsrapport2017politietsbehandlingavsoknaderomvaapentillatelse.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> }} }} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{Maybe|To be banned in 2021<ref>, 27 February 2018</ref>}}		| {{Maybe|Restricted to sport shooting only<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109020521/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/feb/27/norway-guns-ban-semi-automatic-law |date=9 November 2020 }}, 27 February 2018</ref>}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->
Line 1,801:		Line 1,802:
	| {{maybe|3 months}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{maybe|3 months}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Oman<ref group=law>Oman: </ref>		| Oman<ref group=law>Oman: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213122138/https://www.pdo.co.om/hseforcontractors/LegalRequirements/Weapons%20And%20Munitions%20Law.doc |date=13 February 2023 }}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}
	| {{maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}}<!--Private citizens-->		| {{maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}}<!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,813:		Line 1,814:
	| {{Maybe|3}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{Maybe|3}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref group=law>Pakistan: {{cite web|url=https://interior.gov.pk/index.php/downloads/category/11-arms-policy-2012|title=Issuance of Prohibited/Non-Prohibited Arms Policy}}, 2012</ref>		| ]<ref group=law>Pakistan: {{cite web|url=https://interior.gov.pk/index.php/downloads/category/11-arms-policy-2012|title=Issuance of Prohibited/Non-Prohibited Arms Policy|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=23 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723211218/https://www.interior.gov.pk/index.php/downloads/category/11-arms-policy-2012|url-status=dead}}, 2012</ref>
	| {{Yes|No}}		| {{Yes|No}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,840:		Line 1,841:
	|-		|-
	| Papua New Guinea<ref name=oceania/>		| Papua New Guinea<ref name=oceania/>
	| colspa"2" {{No|No new licenses since 2017<ref>Annette Kora: , 4 October 2017</ref>}}		| colspa"2" {{No|No new licenses since 2017<ref>Annette Kora: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216130400/https://www.looppng.com/png-news/minister-declares-moratorium-new-gun-licences-67502 |date=16 December 2023 }}, 4 October 2017</ref>}}
	| {{No}}		| {{No}}
	| {{No}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{No}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,878:		Line 1,879:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Paraguay<ref group=law>Paraguay: , 2010 (in Spanish)</ref>		| Paraguay<ref group=law>Paraguay: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128013025/https://www.bacn.gov.py/leyes-paraguayas/516/de-armas-de-fuego-sus-piezas-y-componentes-municiones-explosivos-accesorios-y-afines |date=28 November 2020 }}, 2010 (in Spanish)</ref>
	| {{maybe|Yes – collecting and sport shooting}}		| {{maybe|Yes – collecting and sport shooting}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – home defense}}		| {{Yes|Yes – home defense}}
Line 1,890:		Line 1,891:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Peru<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gob.pe/9128-solicitar-licencia-para-porte-y-uso-de-arma-de-fuego|title=Solicitar licencia para porte y uso de arma de fuego|date=29 October 2023 |language=es}}</ref>		| Peru<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gob.pe/9128-solicitar-licencia-para-porte-y-uso-de-arma-de-fuego|title=Solicitar licencia para porte y uso de arma de fuego|date=29 October 2023|language=es|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220839/https://www.gob.pe/9128-solicitar-licencia-para-porte-y-uso-de-arma-de-fuego|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}		| {{maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}
	| {{rarely|Justification required}}		| {{rarely|Justification required}}
Line 1,903:		Line 1,904:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref group=law>Philippines: , 2013</ref>		| ]<ref group=law>Philippines: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526211536/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/29/republic-act-no-10591/ |date=26 May 2022 }}, 2013</ref>
	| {{Yes|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	|{{Yes|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}}		|{{Maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}}
	| colspan="2" {{Yes|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{Usually|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}}
	| {{no}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{no}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{Maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{Maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}} <!--Concealed carry-->
			| {{Maybe|50/Firearm; <br/><br/>500-1000/Firearm for Sport Shooters}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	|<!---Unlimited magazines-->
	| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{no|8}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{no|8}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ] (EU)<ref group=law>Poland: , 1996 (in Polish)</ref>		| ] (EU)<ref group=law>Poland: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026201405/https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU19990530549/U/D19990549Lj.pdf |date=26 October 2023 }}, 1996 (in Polish)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, collection and sport shooting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, collection and sport shooting <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| colspan="2" {{rarely|rarely – may issue}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Mniej uznaniowości w pozwoleniach na broń		| colspan="3" {{Yes|Yes - shall issue}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Mniej uznaniowości w pozwoleniach na broń|url=https://www.tvp.info/4121290/mniej-uznaniowosci-w-pozwoleniach-na-bron|website=Tvn24|access-date=11 January 2019|language=pl|archive-date=15 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415064755/https://www.tvp.info/4121290/mniej-uznaniowosci-w-pozwoleniach-na-bron|url-status=live}}</ref> <!--Private citizens-->
	|url=https://www.tvp.info/4121290/mniej-uznaniowosci-w-pozwoleniach-na-bron|website=Tvn24 |access-date=11 January 2019|language=pl}}</ref> <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{Yes|Yes (sport shooting and collecting license)}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted {{refn|group=N|Training purpose and institutional permits. Blank-firing automatic firearms may be obtained for historical reenactment purpose.}}}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted {{refn|group=N|Training purpose and institutional permits. Blank-firing automatic firearms may be obtained for historical reenactment purpose.}}}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{No|No – professionals only}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{No|No – professionals only}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{Maybe|		| {{Maybe|
	{{hidden|Depends|'''True CCW licenses based on Firearms Act''': Restricted May issue<br>'''De facto CCW based on Ministerial Decree''': Shall issue for sport shooting license holders<br><small>'''Permitless''': Permitless for cartridgeless black powder guns designed before 1885<ref>{{cite web|title=Korzystajcie z prawa noszenia broni palnej rozdzielnego ładowania, wytworzonej przed rokiem 1885 oraz replik tej broni|url=http://trybun.org.pl/2018/05/28/korzystajcie-z-prawa-noszenia-broni-palnej-rozdzielnego-ladowania-wytworzonej-przed-rokiem-1885-oraz-replik-tej-broni/|website=Andrzej Turczyn - Trybun Broni Palnej|access-date=30 May 2018|language=pl|date=28 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Policja potwierdza: noszenie broni czarnoprochowej legalne|url=http://www.wykop.pl/ramka/1490697/policja-potwierdza-noszenie-broni-czarnoprochowej-legalne/|website=Wykop.pl|date=25 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331191725/http://www.wykop.pl/ramka/1490697/policja-potwierdza-noszenie-broni-czarnoprochowej-legalne/|archive-date=31 March 2016|language=pl|access-date=30 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> </small> }} }} <!--Concealed carry-->		{{hidden|Depends|'''True CCW licenses based on Firearms Act''': Restricted May issue<br>'''De facto CCW based on Ministerial Decree''': Shall issue for sport shooting license holders<br><small>'''Permitless''': Permitless for cartridgeless black powder guns designed before 1885<ref>{{cite web|title=Korzystajcie z prawa noszenia broni palnej rozdzielnego ładowania, wytworzonej przed rokiem 1885 oraz replik tej broni|url=http://trybun.org.pl/2018/05/28/korzystajcie-z-prawa-noszenia-broni-palnej-rozdzielnego-ladowania-wytworzonej-przed-rokiem-1885-oraz-replik-tej-broni/|website=Andrzej Turczyn - Trybun Broni Palnej|access-date=30 May 2018|language=pl|date=28 May 2018|archive-date=31 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180531165122/http://trybun.org.pl/2018/05/28/korzystajcie-z-prawa-noszenia-broni-palnej-rozdzielnego-ladowania-wytworzonej-przed-rokiem-1885-oraz-replik-tej-broni/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Policja potwierdza: noszenie broni czarnoprochowej legalne|url=http://www.wykop.pl/ramka/1490697/policja-potwierdza-noszenie-broni-czarnoprochowej-legalne/|website=Wykop.pl|date=25 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331191725/http://www.wykop.pl/ramka/1490697/policja-potwierdza-noszenie-broni-czarnoprochowej-legalne/|archive-date=31 March 2016|language=pl|access-date=30 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> </small> }} }} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Yes|None}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Yes|None}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{Maybe|<small>Cartridgeless black powder guns designed before 1885</small>}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{Maybe|<small>Cartridgeless black powder guns designed before 1885</small>}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|8}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|8}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Portugal (EU)<ref group=law>Portugal: , 2019 (in Portuguese)</ref>		| Portugal (EU)<ref group=law>Portugal: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422184154/https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/lei/50-2019-123436957 |date=22 April 2023 }}, 2019 (in Portuguese)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, collecting and sport shooting <small>(justification required)</small>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, collecting and sport shooting <small>(justification required)</small>}}
	| {{rarely|Justification required}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Justification required}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}}		| {{maybe|Yes –&nbsp;may issue}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted{{refn|group=N|Automatic firearms may be obtained by collectors.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/lei/50-2019-123436957|title=Lei n.º 50/2019, de 24 de julho|quote= Sem prejuízo do disposto no número anterior, mediante autorização especial do diretor nacional da PSP, podem ser autorizadas a venda, a aquisição, a cedência, a detenção, a utilização, a importação, a exportação e a transferência de armas, munições e acessórios da classe A destinados a colecionadores, museus públicos ou privados, coleções visitáveis, investigação científica ou industrial e utilizações em realizações teatrais, cinematográficas ou outros espetáculos de natureza artística, de reconhecido interesse cultural e histórico, com exceção de bens e tecnologias militares cuja autorização é da competência do membro do Governo responsável pela área da defesa nacional..}}</ref>}}}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted{{refn|group=N|Automatic firearms may be obtained by collectors.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/lei/50-2019-123436957|title=Lei n.º 50/2019, de 24 de julho|quote=Sem prejuízo do disposto no número anterior, mediante autorização especial do diretor nacional da PSP, podem ser autorizadas a venda, a aquisição, a cedência, a detenção, a utilização, a importação, a exportação e a transferência de armas, munições e acessórios da classe A destinados a colecionadores, museus públicos ou privados, coleções visitáveis, investigação científica ou industrial e utilizações em realizações teatrais, cinematográficas ou outros espetáculos de natureza artística, de reconhecido interesse cultural e histórico, com exceção de bens e tecnologias militares cuja autorização é da competência do membro do Governo responsável pela área da defesa nacional..|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422184154/https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/lei/50-2019-123436957|url-status=live}}</ref>}}}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{maybe|20 (CFP)<br/>10 (R,S){{refn|group=N|Rifle magazines with a capacity of over 10 cartridges and Pistol magazines with a capacity of over 20 cartridges may be acquired by sport shooters.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/lei/50-2019-123436957|title=Lei n.º 50/2019, de 24 de julho|quote= Aos atiradores de tiro desportivo pode ser autorizada a aquisição, a detenção, o uso e porte de armas e acessórios previstos nas alíneas ad), af), ag), ah) e ai) do n.º 2 do artigo 3.º.}}</ref>}}}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{maybe|20 (CFP)<br/>10 (R,S){{refn|group=N|Rifle magazines with a capacity of over 10 cartridges and Pistol magazines with a capacity of over 20 cartridges may be acquired by sport shooters.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/lei/50-2019-123436957|title=Lei n.º 50/2019, de 24 de julho|quote=Aos atiradores de tiro desportivo pode ser autorizada a aquisição, a detenção, o uso e porte de armas e acessórios previstos nas alíneas ad), af), ag), ah) e ai) do n.º 2 do artigo 3.º.|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422184154/https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/lei/50-2019-123436957|url-status=live}}</ref>}}}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Qatar<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osac.gov/Country/Qatar/Content/Detail/Report/7e2224bc-e539-41f5-a990-18a2516eb30e|title=Qatar 2020 Crime & Safety Report|quote=Only vetted Qatari citizens may request permission from the Interior Ministry to purchase and obtain a shotgun or air gun for hunting purposes.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://alarab.qa/article/23/04/2014/293423-%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B5-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%81%D9%82-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9|title=قانونيون: تراخيص الأسلحة النارية وفق اشتراطات دقيقة|date=23 April 2014|trans-title=Law: Firearms licenses are subject to strict requirements}}</ref>		| Qatar<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osac.gov/Country/Qatar/Content/Detail/Report/7e2224bc-e539-41f5-a990-18a2516eb30e|title=Qatar 2020 Crime & Safety Report|quote=Only vetted Qatari citizens may request permission from the Interior Ministry to purchase and obtain a shotgun or air gun for hunting purposes.|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220430/https://www.osac.gov/Country/Qatar/Content/Detail/Report/7e2224bc-e539-41f5-a990-18a2516eb30e|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://alarab.qa/article/23/04/2014/293423-%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B5-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%81%D9%82-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9|title=قانونيون: تراخيص الأسلحة النارية وفق اشتراطات دقيقة|date=23 April 2014|trans-title=Law: Firearms licenses are subject to strict requirements|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705221017/https://alarab.qa/article/23/04/2014/293423-%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B5-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%81%D9%82-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{maybe|Yes – hunting}}		| {{maybe|Yes – hunting}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 1,966:		Line 1,965:
	| {{Maybe|10 (R,S)}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Maybe|10 (R,S)}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{no}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|5<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://legeaz.net/noul-cod-penal/art-342 |title=Romanian Criminal Code art. 342 |access-date=2018-02-22}}</ref>}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://legeaz.net/noul-cod-penal/art-342 |title=Romanian Criminal Code art. 342 |access-date=2018-02-22 |archive-date=29 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129130856/https://legeaz.net/noul-cod-penal/art-342 |url-status=live }}</ref>}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/russia.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Russian Federation &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>		| ]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/russia.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Russian Federation &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=25 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225200811/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/russia.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Yes|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|Rifles|Five years of shotgun ownership required}}}}		| {{Yes|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|Rifles|Five years of shotgun ownership required}}}}
	| {{Yes|Yes (shotguns only)}}<!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Yes (shotguns only)}}<!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue{{refn|group=N|93% of firearm applications granted<ref>{{cite web|url=https://meduza.io/feature/2017/06/11/skolko-rossiyan-vooruzheny-i-vliyaet-li-eto-na-kolichestvo-sovershaemyh-prestupleniy|title=How many Russians are armed? And does this affect the number of crimes committed?|language=ru|date=11 June 2017}}</ref>}} }} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue{{refn|group=N|93% of firearm applications granted<ref>{{cite web|url=https://meduza.io/feature/2017/06/11/skolko-rossiyan-vooruzheny-i-vliyaet-li-eto-na-kolichestvo-sovershaemyh-prestupleniy|title=How many Russians are armed? And does this affect the number of crimes committed?|language=ru|date=11 June 2017|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=3 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003073721/https://meduza.io/feature/2017/06/11/skolko-rossiyan-vooruzheny-i-vliyaet-li-eto-na-kolichestvo-sovershaemyh-prestupleniy|url-status=live}}</ref>}} }} <!--Private citizens-->
			| {{rarely|Restricted}}
	| {{Yes|Yes{{refn|group=N|name=rus|Allowed recently}}}}
			| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
	|
	| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{Maybe|Yes – must be unloaded<ref name="rus">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/russia/2014/11/141119_russia_arms_law_explainer|title= Можно ли в России теперь носить оружие?|trans-title=Can you now carry weapons in Russia|date=2014}}</ref>}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – must be unloaded<ref name="rus">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/russia/2014/11/141119_russia_arms_law_explainer|title=Можно ли в России теперь носить оружие?|trans-title=Can you now carry weapons in Russia|date=2014|access-date=10 September 2019|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308183018/https://www.bbc.com/russian/russia/2014/11/141119_russia_arms_law_explainer|url-status=live}}</ref>}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Maybe|10 (S,R)}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Maybe|10 (S,R)}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|8}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|8}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Rwanda<ref name=rwanda>{{cite web|url=https://www.africanews.com/2018/05/30/rwanda-passes-new-gun-acquisition-law-citizens-express-reservations/ |title=Rwanda passes new gun acquisition law, citizens express reservations |website=AfricaNews |date=30 May 2018 |access-date=2019-09-12}}</ref>		| Rwanda<ref name=rwanda>{{cite web |url=https://www.africanews.com/2018/05/30/rwanda-passes-new-gun-acquisition-law-citizens-express-reservations/ |title=Rwanda passes new gun acquisition law, citizens express reservations |website=AfricaNews |date=30 May 2018 |access-date=2019-09-12 |archive-date=8 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608203449/https://www.africanews.com/2018/05/30/rwanda-passes-new-gun-acquisition-law-citizens-express-reservations/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 1,993:		Line 1,992:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Saint Kitts and Nevis<ref group=law>Saint Kitts and Nevis: , 2002</ref>		|Saint Kitts and Nevis<ref group=law>Saint Kitts and Nevis: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630173021/http://unlirec.screativa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FirearmsAct-1.pdf |date=30 June 2021 }}, 2002</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,004:		Line 2,003:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Saint Lucia<ref group=law>Saint Lucia: , 2003</ref>		|Saint Lucia<ref group=law>Saint Lucia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114090530/http://www.vertic.org/media/National%20Legislation/Saint_Lucia/LC_Firearms_Act.pdf |date=14 January 2024 }}, 2003</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting and collecting <small>(justification required)</small>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting and collecting <small>(justification required)</small>}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}
Line 2,017:		Line 2,016:
	|{{no|10}}<!--Max penalty-->		|{{no|10}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|St Vincent & Grenadines<ref group=law>Saint Vincent and Grenadines: , 1995</ref>		|St Vincent & Grenadines<ref group=law>Saint Vincent and Grenadines: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630173020/http://unlirec.screativa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FirearmsActN12of1995.pdf |date=30 June 2021 }}, 1995</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,029:		Line 2,028:
	|{{no|20}}<!--Max penalty-->		|{{no|20}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Samoa<ref group=law>Samoa: , 1960</ref>		|Samoa<ref group=law>Samoa: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113104536/https://www.regulator.gov.ws/images/2017_CONSOLIDATION_LAWS/A/Arms-Ordinance-1960.pdf |date=13 November 2023 }}, 1960</ref>
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
	| {{no|no}} <!--Self Defence-->		| {{no|no}} <!--Self Defence-->
Line 2,042:		Line 2,041:
	| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|San Marino<ref group=law>San Marino: , 2012</ref>		|San Marino<ref group=law>San Marino: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215926/https://www.global-regulation.com/translation/san-marino/2984903/consolidated-in-matter-of-weapons-and-explosives.html |date=5 July 2023 }}, 2012</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{No}}		| {{No}}
Line 2,055:		Line 2,054:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| São Tomé and Príncipe<ref group=law>São Tomé and Príncipe: (in Portuguese), Article 22 "Permitted weapons"</ref>		| São Tomé and Príncipe<ref group=law>São Tomé and Príncipe: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213130118/http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/sao154193.pdf |date=13 February 2023 }} (in Portuguese), Article 22 "Permitted weapons"</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}
	| {{No}}		| {{No}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – under license}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – under license}} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{No}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telanon.info/sociedade/2011/01/19/6103/trafico-de-armas-entre-sao-tome-e-principe-e-cabo-verde/|title=Tráfico de armas entre São Tomé e Príncipe e Cabo Verde|date=19 January 2011|language=pt|quote= had two pistols in his luggage that by law can only be used by military forces.}}</ref>		| {{No}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telanon.info/sociedade/2011/01/19/6103/trafico-de-armas-entre-sao-tome-e-principe-e-cabo-verde/|title=Tráfico de armas entre São Tomé e Príncipe e Cabo Verde|date=19 January 2011|language=pt|quote= had two pistols in his luggage that by law can only be used by military forces.|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=13 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213102754/https://www.telanon.info/sociedade/2011/01/19/6103/trafico-de-armas-entre-sao-tome-e-principe-e-cabo-verde/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – under license}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – under license}}
	| {{no}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{no}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
Line 2,068:		Line 2,067:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Saudi Arabia<ref group=law>Saudi Arabia: (in Arabic)</ref>		|Saudi Arabia<ref group=law>Saudi Arabia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215615/https://laws.boe.gov.sa/BoeLaws/Laws/LawDetails/a445af93-671f-496b-818a-a9a700f19150/2 |date=5 July 2023 }} (in Arabic)</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities{{refn|group=N|name=third}} }}		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities{{refn|group=N|name=third}} }}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,105:		Line 2,104:
	! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}		! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}
	|-		|-
	| Seychelles<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Seychelles.pdf|title=Seychelles|publisher=www.saferworld.org.uk|quote=There is no civilian possession of firearms with the police and the military being the only bodies that are permitted to keep firearms. In 1977 President René issued a Presidential Decree to withdraw all civilian firearms licences and not to issue any further licences.}}</ref>		| Seychelles<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Seychelles.pdf|title=Seychelles|publisher=www.saferworld.org.uk|quote=There is no civilian possession of firearms with the police and the military being the only bodies that are permitted to keep firearms. In 1977 President René issued a Presidential Decree to withdraw all civilian firearms licences and not to issue any further licences.|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=13 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213102906/https://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Seychelles.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{No|All licenses suspended in 1977}}		| colspan="2" {{No|All licenses suspended in 1977}}
	| {{No}} <!---Private citizens-->		| {{No}} <!---Private citizens-->
Line 2,117:		Line 2,116:
	|<!---Max penalty-->		|<!---Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Serbia<ref group=law>Serbia: {{cite web|url=https://www.seesac.org/f/docs/Serbia-1/Law-on-Weapons-and-Ammunition-2015.pdf |title=Decree n Proclamation of the Law on Weapons and Ammunition}}, 2015</ref>		| Serbia<ref group=law>Serbia: {{cite web |url=https://www.seesac.org/f/docs/Serbia-1/Law-on-Weapons-and-Ammunition-2015.pdf |title=Decree n Proclamation of the Law on Weapons and Ammunition |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=14 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214114356/http://www.seesac.org/f/docs/Serbia-1/Law-on-Weapons-and-Ammunition-2015.pdf |url-status=live }}, 2015</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,130:		Line 2,129:
	| {{No|5}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Sierra Leone<ref group=law>Sierra Leone: , 2007</ref>		| Sierra Leone<ref group=law>Sierra Leone: , 2007</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,154:		Line 2,153:
	| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" |14 <!--Max penalty-->		| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" |14 <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Slovakia (EU)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gunlex.cz/domu/48-zbrane-a-legislativa/legislativa/680-slovensko-udery-zbrklych-novely |title=Slovensko: Údery zbrklých novel – LEX – sdružení na ochranu práv majitelů zbraní |website=Gunlex.cz |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>		| Slovakia (EU)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gunlex.cz/domu/48-zbrane-a-legislativa/legislativa/680-slovensko-udery-zbrklych-novely |title=Slovensko: Údery zbrklých novel – LEX – sdružení na ochranu práv majitelů zbraní |website=Gunlex.cz |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=10 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110144103/http://gunlex.cz/domu/48-zbrane-a-legislativa/legislativa/680-slovensko-udery-zbrklych-novely |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collection <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collection <small>(membership in organization required)</small>}}
	| {{Yes|Permissive may issue{{refn|group=N|name=second|Handguns only}}}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Permissive may issue{{refn|group=N|name=second|Handguns only}}}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,167:		Line 2,166:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Slovenia		| Slovenia (EU)
	| {{maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting}}		| {{maybe|Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,199:		Line 2,198:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/southafrica.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: South Africa &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>		| ]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/southafrica.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: South Africa &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=29 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329051858/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/southafrica.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
	|		|
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue {{refn|group=N|Around 50% of firearm license applications granted (2011).<ref></ref>}} }} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue {{refn|group=N|Around 50% of firearm license applications granted (2011).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.news24.com/News24/Gun-licences-most-applicants-denied-20110216 |title=Gun licences - most applicants denied |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=13 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713083953/https://www.news24.com/news24/gun-licences-most-applicants-denied-20110216 |url-status=live }}</ref>}} }} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
Line 2,211:		Line 2,210:
	| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" |15 <!--Max penalty-->		| style="background: rgb(220, 36, 31);vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" |15 <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| South Korea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2013/01/116_129474.html |title=US may learn from Korea's gun control |website=Koreatimes.co.kr |date=2013-01-25 |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>		| South Korea<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2013/01/116_129474.html |title=US may learn from Korea's gun control |website=] |date=2013-01-25 |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=8 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208061109/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2013/01/116_129474.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{rarely|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{rarely|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,224:		Line 2,223:
	| {{No|3-15 years}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|3-15 years}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| South Sudan<ref group=law>South Sudan: , 2008. Section 72: ''Possession of Dangerous Weapons''</ref>		| South Sudan<ref group=law>South Sudan: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501090951/https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/ss/ss014en.pdf |date=1 May 2021 }}, 2008. Section 72: ''Possession of Dangerous Weapons''</ref>
	| {{Yes|No}}		| {{Yes|No}}
	|		|
Line 2,237:		Line 2,236:
	| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Spain (EU)<ref name="Real Decreto 137/1993, de 29 de enero, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de Armas. Revision.">{{cite web|url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1993-6202 |title=Firearms-Real Decreto 137/1993, de 29 de enero, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de Armas.|website=Gobierno de España B.O.E.|language=es}}</ref><ref name="LLoC 2015-01-21">{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/spain.php|title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Spain|date=21 January 2015|website=]|access-date=20 April 2015}} English summary from the U.S. Law Library of Congress</ref>		| Spain (EU)<ref name="Real Decreto 137/1993, de 29 de enero, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de Armas. Revision.">{{cite web|url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1993-6202|title=Firearms-Real Decreto 137/1993, de 29 de enero, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de Armas.|website=Gobierno de España B.O.E.|language=es|access-date=15 May 2016|archive-date=17 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517214524/http://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1993-6202|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="LLoC 2015-01-21">{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/spain.php|title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Spain|date=21 January 2015|website=]|access-date=20 April 2015|archive-date=18 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418042712/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/spain.php|url-status=live}} English summary from the U.S. Law Library of Congress</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,250:		Line 2,249:
	| <!---Max penalty-->		| <!---Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Sri Lanka<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defence.lk/Services/explosive|title=The Explosive Act- NO 1133/13 Wednesday, May 2000 (The Gazette of Sri Lanka)|publisher=defence.lk}}</ref>		| Sri Lanka<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defence.lk/Services/explosive|title=The Explosive Act- NO 1133/13 Wednesday, May 2000 (The Gazette of Sri Lanka)|publisher=defence.lk|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=30 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930000005/https://www.defence.lk/Services/explosive|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – crop protection and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – crop protection and sport shooting}}
	| {{rarely|Rarely issued}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Rarely issued}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,263:		Line 2,262:
	| {{no|25}}<!---Max penalty-->		| {{no|25}}<!---Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Sudan<ref></ref>		| Sudan<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gsdrc.org/document-library/strengthening-small-arms-controls-an-audit-of-small-arms-control-legislation-in-the-great-lakes-region-and-the-horn-of-africa-sudan/ |title=Strengthening small arms controls: An audit of small arms control legislation in the Great Lakes region and the Horn of Africa: Sudan |date=19 January 2013 |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222712/https://gsdrc.org/document-library/strengthening-small-arms-controls-an-audit-of-small-arms-control-legislation-in-the-great-lakes-region-and-the-horn-of-africa-sudan/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|High social standing or income required}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|High social standing or income required}}
	| {{Rarely|Restricted{{refn|group=N|People eligible for shotgun license include employees with salary higher than 400,000 pounds a year, dealers who paid more than 500,000 pounds in taxes and farmers who paid more than 200,000 pounds in taxes over three years}} }}		| {{Rarely|Restricted{{refn|group=N|People eligible for shotgun license include employees with salary higher than 400,000 pounds a year, dealers who paid more than 500,000 pounds in taxes and farmers who paid more than 200,000 pounds in taxes over three years}} }}
Line 2,275:		Line 2,274:
	| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Suriname<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osac.gov/Country/Suriname/Content/Detail/Report/9e0f11c9-f486-43c8-8847-15f4aecd04a5/|title=Suriname 2019 Crime & Safety Report|quote=Handgun permits are very difficult to obtain, but many criminals have handguns anyway. Shotguns, the only firearms normally owned by civilians, are also frequently used in the commission of crimes.}}</ref><ref group=law>Suriname: , 1930</ref>		| Suriname<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osac.gov/Country/Suriname/Content/Detail/Report/9e0f11c9-f486-43c8-8847-15f4aecd04a5/|title=Suriname 2019 Crime & Safety Report|quote=Handgun permits are very difficult to obtain, but many criminals have handguns anyway. Shotguns, the only firearms normally owned by civilians, are also frequently used in the commission of crimes.|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705225848/https://www.osac.gov/Country/Suriname/Content/Detail/Report/9e0f11c9-f486-43c8-8847-15f4aecd04a5/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref group=law>Suriname: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630173015/http://unlirec.screativa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FirearmsBillSuriname.pdf |date=30 June 2021 }}, 1930</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – mostly shotguns}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – mostly shotguns}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,287:		Line 2,286:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref group=law>Switzerland: , 1997 (in German)</ref> (including Liechtenstein<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/liechtenstein |title=Guns in Liechtenstein – Firearms, gun law and gun control |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-07-21 |access-date=2019-08-02}}</ref>)		| ]<ref group=law>Switzerland: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130211611/https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/19983208/index.html |date=30 November 2020 }}, 1997 (in German)</ref> (including Liechtenstein<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/liechtenstein |title=Guns in Liechtenstein – Firearms, gun law and gun control |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-07-21 |access-date=2019-08-02 |archive-date=3 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703151611/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/liechtenstein |url-status=live }}</ref>)
	| {{Yes|Not required to buy a gun unless the reason is other than sport-shooting, hunting, or collecting}}		| {{Yes|Not required to buy a gun unless the reason is other than sport-shooting, hunting, or collecting}}
	| {{Maybe|Personal protection is not a shall-issue reason}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Personal protection is not a shall-issue reason}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,293:		Line 2,292:
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
	| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
	| {{Maybe|May Issue}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/1998/2535_2535_2535/de#art_28_c|title=Legitimate grounds are in particular: Professional requirements, in particular with regard to carrying out protection duties, such as protecting persons, critical infrastructure or the transport of valuables; recreational target shooting; collecting; National defence requirements; Educational, cultural, research or historical purposes}}</ref> <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{Maybe|May Issue}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/1998/2535_2535_2535/de#art_28_c|title=Legitimate grounds are in particular: Professional requirements, in particular with regard to carrying out protection duties, such as protecting persons, critical infrastructure or the transport of valuables; recreational target shooting; collecting; National defence requirements; Educational, cultural, research or historical purposes|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=22 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022051102/https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/1998/2535_2535_2535/de#art_28_c|url-status=live}}</ref> <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{rarely|May issue – under license, with exceptions authorized during transport if unloaded}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{rarely|May issue – under license, with exceptions authorized during transport if unloaded}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{rarely|May issue – under license, with exceptions authorized during transport if unloaded}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{rarely|May issue – under license, with exceptions authorized during transport if unloaded}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Yes|20+ (P)<br/>10+ (SACF){{refn|group=N|Limit for standard shall-issue permit. No limit for shall-issue permit for sport shooters and may-issue exceptional permit}} }} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Yes|20+ (P)<br/>10+ (SACF){{refn|group=N|Limit for standard shall-issue permit. No limit for shall-issue permit for sport shooters and may-issue exceptional permit}} }} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{No|No - registration of new purchases is mandatory since 2008}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{No|No - registration of new purchases is mandatory since 2008}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|3}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/1998/2535_2535_2535/en#art_33/|title=Weapons Act|quote=Misdemeanours and felonies}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|3}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/1998/2535_2535_2535/en#art_33/|title=Weapons Act|quote=Misdemeanours and felonies|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=3 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203084712/https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/1998/2535_2535_2535/en#art_33/|url-status=live}}</ref> <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	! scope="col" |Region		! scope="col" |Region
Line 2,313:		Line 2,312:
	! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}		! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}
	|-		|-
	| Swaziland<ref name=swaziland>{{cite web|url=https://oldsite.issafrica.org/uploads/HIDESWAZILAND.PDF |title=Hide and Seek: Taking Account of Small Arms in Southern Africa |access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref>		| Swaziland<ref name=swaziland>{{cite web |url=https://oldsite.issafrica.org/uploads/HIDESWAZILAND.PDF |title=Hide and Seek: Taking Account of Small Arms in Southern Africa |access-date=2019-09-10 |archive-date=25 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180925154706/https://oldsite.issafrica.org/uploads/HIDESWAZILAND.PDF |url-status=dead }}</ref>
	|		|
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,325:		Line 2,324:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Sweden<ref group=law>Sweden: , 1997 (in Swedish)</ref>		|Sweden (EU)<ref group=law>Sweden: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417054227/https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/vapenlag-199667_sfs-1996-67 |date=17 April 2023 }}, 1997 (in Swedish)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, hunting{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, hunting{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}
	| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,338:		Line 2,337:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Syria<ref>{{cite web|url=https://unoda-poa.s3.amazonaws.com/poa-reports-le/2007%40188%40PoA-SyrianArabRepublic-2007-E.pdf|title=National report of the Syrian Arab Republic on the implementation of the Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects|date=14 April 2007}}</ref>		| Syria<ref>{{cite web|url=https://unoda-poa.s3.amazonaws.com/poa-reports-le/2007%40188%40PoA-SyrianArabRepublic-2007-E.pdf|title=National report of the Syrian Arab Republic on the implementation of the Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects|date=14 April 2007|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705215926/https://unoda-poa.s3.amazonaws.com/poa-reports-le/2007%40188%40PoA-SyrianArabRepublic-2007-E.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}		| {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}
Line 2,364:		Line 2,363:
	|<!--Max penalty (years)-->		|<!--Max penalty (years)-->
	|-		|-
	|Tajikistan<ref group=law>Tajikistan: , 2013 (in Tajik)</ref>		|Tajikistan<ref group=law>Tajikistan: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718002920/https://majmilli.tj/%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D2%B7%D1%82-%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8-%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%B3/ |date=18 July 2023 }}, 2013 (in Tajik)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|Rifles|Five years of shotgun ownership required}}}}		| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>{{hidden|Rifles|Five years of shotgun ownership required}}}}
	| {{Yes|Yes<br/><small>(shotguns only)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes|Yes<br/><small>(shotguns only)</small>}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,377:		Line 2,376:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Tanzania<ref group=law>Tanzania: , 2015</ref>		| Tanzania<ref group=law>Tanzania: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220405/http://parliament.go.tz/polis/uploads/bills/acts/1452063088-ActNo-2-2015-Book-1-10.pdf |date=5 July 2023 }}, 2015</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities{{refn|group=N|name=third}} }}		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities{{refn|group=N|name=third}} }}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}
Line 2,389:		Line 2,388:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Thailand<ref group=law>Thailand: , 1947</ref>		| Thailand<ref group=law>Thailand: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510054553/http://web.krisdika.go.th/data//document/ext809/809905_0001.pdf |date=10 May 2023 }}, 1947</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,402:		Line 2,401:
	| {{No|10}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|10}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Togo<ref>{{cite web|url=https://togotribune.com/news/togo-quelle-procedure-doit-suivre-un-citoyen-pour-detenir-une-arme/|title=Togo: what procedure should a citizen follow to own a weapon? |date=16 August 2019 |language=fr}}</ref>		| Togo<ref>{{cite web|url=https://togotribune.com/news/togo-quelle-procedure-doit-suivre-un-citoyen-pour-detenir-une-arme/|title=Togo: what procedure should a citizen follow to own a weapon?|date=16 August 2019|language=fr|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=17 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217021726/https://togotribune.com/news/togo-quelle-procedure-doit-suivre-un-citoyen-pour-detenir-une-arme/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,415:		Line 2,414:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Tonga<ref group=law>Tonga: </ref>		| Tonga<ref group=law>Tonga: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510060052/https://tonga.tradeportal.org/media/ArmsandAmmunitionAct_2.pdf |date=10 May 2023 }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, farming, fishing{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting, farming, fishing{{refn|group=N|name=forth}}}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,428:		Line 2,427:
	| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5}}<!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Trinidad and Tobago<ref group=law>Trinidad and Tobago: , 2016</ref>		|Trinidad and Tobago<ref group=law>Trinidad and Tobago: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113104533/https://rgd.legalaffairs.gov.tt/laws2/alphabetical_list/lawspdfs/16.01.pdf |date=13 November 2023 }}, 2016</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,439:		Line 2,438:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Tunisia<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/تونسيون-يطالبون-برخص-للصيد-البري |title=تونسيون يطالبون برخص للصيد البري |trans-title=Tunisians are demanding licenses for wild hunting|date=28 August 2017|language=ar}}</ref>		|Tunisia<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%B5-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A|title=تونسيون يطالبون برخص للصيد البري|trans-title=Tunisians are demanding licenses for wild hunting|date=28 August 2017|language=ar|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=10 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510221629/https://www.alaraby.co.uk/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%B5-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Hunting – restricted}}		| {{Maybe|Hunting – restricted}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,452:		Line 2,451:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Turkey<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.3.6136.pdf |title=Gun laws in Turkey |website=Mevzuat.gov.tr |access-date=2016-08-28}}</ref>		| Turkey<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.3.6136.pdf |title=Gun laws in Turkey |website=Mevzuat.gov.tr |access-date=2016-08-28 |archive-date=20 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920224911/http://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.3.6136.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
			| {{Maybe|Only for carrying rifles or handguns}}
	| {{no}} <!--Good reason-->
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Yes|Yes – shall issue}}
			| {{Rarely|No carry permit – rare}}
	| {{no}}
	| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{No|Only for high-value asset security}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{No}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{Maybe}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{Maybe|May issue – specific reason needed}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{Rarely|May issue – restricted}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{No|Yes}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Yes|None}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|3}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|3–8}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Turkmenistan<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/7392652b-6858-4b95-842e-18140c73034b |title=Turkmenistan 2020 Crime & Safety Report |website=www.osac.gov |access-date=2016-08-28}}</ref>		| Turkmenistan<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/7392652b-6858-4b95-842e-18140c73034b |title=Turkmenistan 2020 Crime & Safety Report |website=www.osac.gov |access-date=2016-08-28 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705221450/https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/7392652b-6858-4b95-842e-18140c73034b |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,491:		Line 2,490:
	| {{No|2–10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|2–10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Uganda<ref group=law>Uganda: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129112909/https://ulii.org/ug/legislation/consolidated-act/299 |date=29 November 2020 }}, 1970</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.ug/gun-applicants-to-undergo-one-month-training/|title=Gun applicants to undergo one month training|date=3 October 2019}}</ref>		| Uganda<ref group=law>Uganda: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129112909/https://ulii.org/ug/legislation/consolidated-act/299 |date=29 November 2020 }}, 1970</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.ug/gun-applicants-to-undergo-one-month-training/|title=Gun applicants to undergo one month training|date=3 October 2019|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222712/https://www.independent.co.ug/gun-applicants-to-undergo-one-month-training/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|High social standing required}} <!--Personal protection-->		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|High social standing required}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Rarely|Rarely issued}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Rarely|Rarely issued}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,503:		Line 2,502:
	| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|10}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://townhall.com/tipsheet/katiepavlich/2014/02/24/demand-for-new-constiutional-amendments-in-the-ukraine-the-right-to-bear-arms-must-be-included-n1799858 |title=Ukrainian Gun Owners Association: People Have The Unconditional Right to Bear Arms – Katie Pavlich |website=Townhall.com |date=2014-02-24 |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vocativ.com/world/russia/ukrainians-want-arm-teeth/ |title=Gun Sales Spike In Ukraine, Gun Owners Move For New Laws |website=Vocativ |date=2014-03-06 |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>		| ]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://townhall.com/tipsheet/katiepavlich/2014/02/24/demand-for-new-constiutional-amendments-in-the-ukraine-the-right-to-bear-arms-must-be-included-n1799858 |title=Ukrainian Gun Owners Association: People Have The Unconditional Right to Bear Arms – Katie Pavlich |website=Townhall.com |date=2014-02-24 |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=4 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104183229/http://townhall.com/tipsheet/katiepavlich/2014/02/24/demand-for-new-constiutional-amendments-in-the-ukraine-the-right-to-bear-arms-must-be-included-n1799858 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vocativ.com/world/russia/ukrainians-want-arm-teeth/ |title=Gun Sales Spike In Ukraine, Gun Owners Move For New Laws |website=Vocativ |date=2014-03-06 |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=4 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104180543/http://www.vocativ.com/world/russia/ukrainians-want-arm-teeth/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, collecting, hunting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – sport shooting, collecting, hunting}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{rarely|Restricted{{refn|group=N|name=rus}} }}		| {{rarely|Restricted{{refn|group=N|name=rus|Allowed recently}} }}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}
	| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
Line 2,516:		Line 2,515:
	| {{No|7}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|7}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| United Arab Emirates<ref group=law>United Arab Emirates: , 2009</ref>		| United Arab Emirates<ref group=law>United Arab Emirates: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510221634/https://lexmena.com/law/en_fed~2009-05-10_00003_2020-01-06/ |date=10 May 2023 }}, 2009</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,529:		Line 2,528:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ] - England, Wales, Scotland<ref group=law>United Kingdom: , 1997</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/greatbritain.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Great Britain &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>		| ] - England, Wales, Scotland<ref group=law>United Kingdom: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910203312/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/5 |date=10 September 2023 }}, 1997</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/greatbritain.php |title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Great Britain &#124; Law Library of Congress |website=Loc.gov |access-date=2015-02-18 |archive-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218130745/http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/greatbritain.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>Unspecified for rifles{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>Unspecified for rifles{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{No|No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No|No}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Ya|text=May issue – shall issue in practice{{refn|group=N|98% of firearm and 97% of shotgun applications granted<ref></ref>}} }}		| {{Ya|text=May issue – shall issue in practice{{refn|group=N|98% of firearm and 97% of shotgun applications granted<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/812296/statistics-firearm-shotgun-certificates-england-wales-2018-2019-hosb0919.pdf |title=Statistics on firearm and shotgun certificates |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=7 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107224823/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/812296/statistics-firearm-shotgun-certificates-england-wales-2018-2019-hosb0919.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>}} }}
	<!--Private citizens-->		<!--Private citizens-->
	| {{No|No}}		| {{No|No}}
	| {{rarely|Any .22 rimfire cartridge, most commonly ] but also ]<ref></ref>}}		| {{rarely|Any .22 rimfire cartridge, most commonly ] but also ]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1968/27/section/5 |title=Permitted semi-automatic firearms |access-date=8 August 2023 |archive-date=4 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804013458/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1968/27/section/5 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
	| {{no}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{no}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{No|Unloaded shotguns only – dissuaded in practice<ref></ref>}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{No|Unloaded shotguns only – dissuaded in practice<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.shootinguk.co.uk/answers/what-does-the-law-say-about-carrying-a-shotgun-in-public-24011 |title=What does the law say about carrying a shotgun in public? |date=28 March 2022 |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705221021/https://www.shootinguk.co.uk/answers/what-does-the-law-say-about-carrying-a-shotgun-in-public-24011 |url-status=live }}</ref>}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{No|No}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{No|No}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Yes|2+ (S){{refn|group=N|Shall issue section 2 shotguns, which are limited to 3 rounds (2+1). Shotguns that fall under may issue section 1 are not limited}}<br/>None (R)}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Yes|2+ (S){{refn|group=N|Shall issue section 2 shotguns, which are limited to 3 rounds (2+1). Shotguns that fall under may issue section 1 are not limited}}<br/>None (R)}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
Line 2,543:		Line 2,542:
	| {{No|5–10}}{{refn|group=N|5 years minimum and up to 10 years maximum for section 5 prohibited firearms. No minimum and up to 5 years maximum for any other non-prohibited but unlicensed firearms}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|5–10}}{{refn|group=N|5 years minimum and up to 10 years maximum for section 5 prohibited firearms. No minimum and up to 5 years maximum for any other non-prohibited but unlicensed firearms}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ] - ]<ref group=law>Northern Ireland: </ref>		| ] - ]<ref group=law>Northern Ireland: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024220654/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/136045/guidance_on_northern_ireland_firearms_controls.pdf |date=24 October 2023 }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>Unspecified for rifles{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| {{Maybe|Not for shotguns<br/>Unspecified for rifles{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{rarely|May issue - restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{rarely|May issue - restricted}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Maybe|May issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|May issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
	| {{Maybe|May issue}}		| {{Maybe|May issue}}
	| {{rarely|Any .22 rimfire cartridge, most commonly ] but also ]<ref></ref>}}		| {{rarely|Any .22 rimfire cartridge, most commonly ] but also ]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/2004/702/article/45/made |title=Permitted semi-automatic firearms |access-date=20 October 2023 |archive-date=24 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824025413/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/2004/702/article/45/made |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
	| {{no}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{no}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| <!--Open carry-->		| <!--Open carry-->
Line 2,581:		Line 2,580:
	! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}		! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}
	|-		|-
	|]<ref group=law>Uruguay: , 2014 (in Spanish)</ref>		|]<ref group=law>Uruguay: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220129/https://www.impo.com.uy/bases/decretos/377-2016 |date=5 July 2023 }}, 2014 (in Spanish)</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Justification required for more than 3 guns}}		| {{Maybe|Justification required for more than 3 guns}}
	| {{Yes|Yes (up to 3)}}		| {{Yes|Yes (up to 3)}}
Line 2,593:		Line 2,592:
	| {{No|12}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|12}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Uzbekistan<ref name=uzbekistan>{{cite web|url=https://kun.uz/en/news/2019/06/22/law-on-weapons-in-detail |title=Law on weapons in detail |website=Kun.uz |access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref>		| Uzbekistan<ref name=uzbekistan>{{cite web |url=https://kun.uz/en/news/2019/06/22/law-on-weapons-in-detail |title=Law on weapons in detail |website=Kun.uz |access-date=2019-09-07 |archive-date=10 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110130931/https://kun.uz/en/news/2019/06/22/law-on-weapons-in-detail |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – hunting and sport shooting}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,635:		Line 2,634:
	|{{no}} <!--Good reason-->		|{{no}} <!--Good reason-->
	|{{no}} <!--Personal protection-->		|{{no}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| colspan="2" {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}
	| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}		| {{rarely|May issue – restricted}}
	| {{no}} <!--Semiautomatic rifles-->		| {{no}} <!--Semiautomatic rifles-->
	| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{No}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->
			| {{no}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{no|No<ref name="vez">{{cite web|url=https://www.panamatoday.com/international/venezuelan-government-bans-carrying-firearms-180-days-4240|title=Venezuelan government bans carrying firearms for 180 days|date=2 May 2017|access-date=13 October 2019|archive-date=13 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013100733/https://www.panamatoday.com/international/venezuelan-government-bans-carrying-firearms-180-days-4240|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
	|{{no}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	|<!--Unlimited magazines-->		|<!--Unlimited magazines-->
	|{{no}} <!--Free of registration-->		|{{no}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|20}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|20}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Vietnam <ref group="law">Vietnam: (in Vietnamese)</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=thuvienphapluat.vn |title=Luật Quản lý sử dụng vũ khí vật liệu nổ công cụ hỗ trợ 2017 |trans-title=Law on Management and use of Weapons, Explosives and Combat gears |url=https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Linh-vuc-khac/Luat-Quan-ly-su-dung-vu-khi-vat-lieu-no-cong-cu-ho-tro-2017-320097.aspx |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=THƯ VIỆN PHÁP LUẬT}}</ref>		| Vietnam <ref group="law">Vietnam: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113182158/https://datafiles.chinhphu.vn/cpp/files/vbpq/2017/07/14.signed.pdf |date=13 January 2024 }}(in Vietnamese)</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=thuvienphapluat.vn |title=Luật Quản lý sử dụng vũ khí vật liệu nổ công cụ hỗ trợ 2017 |trans-title=Law on Management and use of Weapons, Explosives and Combat gears |url=https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Linh-vuc-khac/Luat-Quan-ly-su-dung-vu-khi-vat-lieu-no-cong-cu-ho-tro-2017-320097.aspx |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=THƯ VIỆN PHÁP LUẬT |archive-date=29 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529130434/https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Linh-vuc-khac/Luat-Quan-ly-su-dung-vu-khi-vat-lieu-no-cong-cu-ho-tro-2017-320097.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref>
	| {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{No}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,671:		Line 2,669:
	| {{Maybe|1}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{Maybe|1}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| Zambia<ref group=law>Zambia: </ref>		| Zambia<ref group=law>Zambia: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713082315/https://www.parliament.gov.zm/sites/default/files/documents/acts/Firearms%20Act.pdf |date=13 July 2023 }}</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities{{refn|group=N|name=third|Law does not require good reason for firearm license but it gives authorities power to reject applications at their will}} }}		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|At discretion of authorities{{refn|group=N|name=third|Law does not require good reason for firearm license but it gives authorities power to reject applications at their will}} }}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}}
Line 2,683:		Line 2,681:
	| {{No|15}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|15}} <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	|Zimbabwe<ref group=law>Zimbabwe: , 1957</ref>		|Zimbabwe<ref group=law>Zimbabwe: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705225847/https://www.global-regulation.com/law/zimbabwe/3374643/firearms-act.html |date=5 July 2023 }}, 1957</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,710:		Line 2,708:
	! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}		! scope="col"|{{abbr|Max penalty (years)|Maximum penalty for illicit firearm possession, years in prison}}
	|-		|-
	| Cayman Islands<ref>, 26 May 2011</ref>		| Cayman Islands<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510060054/https://www.caymancompass.com/2011/05/26/legal-illegal-guns-in-cayman/ |date=10 May 2023 }}, 26 May 2011</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->		| colspan="2" {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,734:		Line 2,732:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]{{refn|group=N|''De jure'' part of Palestinian Authority, ''de facto'' self-governing territory under control of Hamas. While Palestinian law prohibits possession of firearms without license it has not been implemented in Gaza Strip.}}<ref name="pal">{{cite web|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/10/gaza-strip-arms-proliferation-family-disputes-hamas.html|title=Why Hamas can't control arms proliferation in Gaza|date=2 October 2020|quote=The Palestinian Firearms and Ammunition Law prohibits the possession, acquisition and carrying of firearms or parts thereof or bullets without a license. This law is not applied in the Gaza Strip.}}</ref>		| ]{{refn|group=N|''De jure'' part of Palestinian Authority, ''de facto'' self-governing territory under control of Hamas. While Palestinian law prohibits possession of firearms without license it has not been implemented in Gaza Strip.}}<ref name="pal">{{cite web|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/10/gaza-strip-arms-proliferation-family-disputes-hamas.html|title=Why Hamas can't control arms proliferation in Gaza|date=2 October 2020|quote=The Palestinian Firearms and Ammunition Law prohibits the possession, acquisition and carrying of firearms or parts thereof or bullets without a license. This law is not applied in the Gaza Strip.|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=18 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210218220555/https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/10/gaza-strip-arms-proliferation-family-disputes-hamas.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
	| {{Yes|No}}		| {{Yes|No}}
	| {{Yes}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Yes}} <!--Personal protection-->
Line 2,741:		Line 2,739:
	| {{Usually|Permitless}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->		| {{Usually|Permitless}} <!--Fully automatic firearms-->
	| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{no|Unregulated}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{Usually|unregulated}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{Yes|None}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{Yes|None}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{no|yes}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{Yes}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
Line 2,772:		Line 2,770:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref group=law>Hong Kong: , 2019</ref>		| ]<ref group=law>Hong Kong: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220617/https://www.hklii.org/eng/hk/legis/ord/238/ |date=5 July 2023 }}, 2019</ref>
	| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}		| colspan="2" {{Rarely|Yes – unspecified{{refn|group=N|name=first}}}}
	| {{Maybe|Yes – under license}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – under license}} <!--Private citizens-->
Line 2,780:		Line 2,778:
	| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->		| {{no}} <!--Open carry-->
	| {{no}} <!--Concealed carry-->		| {{no}} <!--Concealed carry-->
	| {{no|yes}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->		| {{no|Yes}} <!--Unlimited magazine-->
	| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->		| {{No}} <!--Free of registration-->
	| {{No|14}} <!--Max penalty-->		| {{No|14}} <!--Max penalty-->
Line 2,799:		Line 2,797:
	|		|
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue}} <!--Personal protection-->
	| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seesac.org/f/docs/Gender-and-Security/FIREARMS-POSSESSION-AND-DOMESTIC-VIOLENCE-IN-THE-WESTERN-BALKANS-EN.pdf|title=Firearms Possession and Domestic Violence in the Western Balkans|quote=In Kosovo the UNMIK Head of Police has a discretionary right to reject a licence application.|page=21}}</ref>}} <!--Private citizens-->		| {{Maybe|Yes – may issue<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seesac.org/f/docs/Gender-and-Security/FIREARMS-POSSESSION-AND-DOMESTIC-VIOLENCE-IN-THE-WESTERN-BALKANS-EN.pdf|title=Firearms Possession and Domestic Violence in the Western Balkans|quote=In Kosovo the UNMIK Head of Police has a discretionary right to reject a licence application.|page=21|access-date=20 October 2023|archive-date=11 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011135247/http://www.seesac.org/f/docs/Gender-and-Security/FIREARMS-POSSESSION-AND-DOMESTIC-VIOLENCE-IN-THE-WESTERN-BALKANS-EN.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>}} <!--Private citizens-->
	|		|
	|		|
Line 2,821:		Line 2,819:
	| <!--Max penalty-->		| <!--Max penalty-->
	|-		|-
	| ]<ref group=law>Puerto Rico: , 2020</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nraila.org/articles/20191223/puerto-rico-enacts-pro-gun-overhaul-of-firearms-laws|title=Puerto Rico Enacts Pro-gun Overhaul of Firearms Laws|date=December 23, 2019}}</ref>		| ]<ref group=law>Puerto Rico: , 2020</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nraila.org/articles/20191223/puerto-rico-enacts-pro-gun-overhaul-of-firearms-laws|title=Puerto Rico Enacts Pro-gun Overhaul of Firearms Laws|date=23 December 2019}}</ref>
	| {{Yes|No}}		| {{Yes|No}}
	| {{Yes}}		| {{Yes}}
Line 2,901:		Line 2,899:
	===Botswana===		===Botswana===
			Botswana's law allows possession of shotguns and rifles only. The government has put a limit on the number of licenses issued every year – only 50 people can receive them, no matter how many apply, meaning that the acceptance rate is usually below 1%.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201805110188.html|title=Botswana: Fifty Win First Stage of Firearm Permit|date=10 May 2018|access-date=3 August 2019|archive-date=3 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803164959/https://allafrica.com/stories/201805110188.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
	{{Main|Firearm legislation in South Africa}}
	Botswana's law allows possession of shotguns and rifles only. The government has put a limit on the number of licenses issued every year – only 50 people can receive them, no matter how many apply, meaning that the acceptance rate is usually below 1%.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201805110188.html|title=Botswana: Fifty Win First Stage of Firearm Permit |date=10 May 2018}}</ref>
	Currently there are 34,550 (or 1.5 per 100 people) registered firearms.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=47134&dir=2014/november/06|title=Over 34,000 registered guns in Botswana |date=6 November 2014}}</ref>		Currently there are 34,550 (or 1.5 per 100 people) registered firearms.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=47134&dir=2014/november/06|title=Over 34,000 registered guns in Botswana|date=6 November 2014|access-date=3 August 2019|archive-date=9 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309000409/https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=47134&dir=2014%2Fnovember%2F06|url-status=live}}</ref>
	===Central African Republic===		===Central African Republic===
	Officially only 139 people have a permit to own firearms in Central African Republic, mostly members of parliament. They are entitled to possess one 12-gauge shotgun and one 9mm automatic pistol.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.centrafriqueledefi.com/pages/defense-civile-et-militaire/bangui-autorisation-d-achat-et-de-port-d-armes.html|title=Bangui : autorisation d'achat et de port d'armes|date=29 October 2018|language=fr}}</ref> Regardless, illegal possession and carry of firearms is widespread in Central African Republic, large parts of which are under control of different armed groups. Anti-balaka and ex-Seleka militias possess and carry home-made shotguns, automatic rifles and rocket launchers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/02/12/central-african-republic-muslims-forced-flee|title=Central African Republic: Muslims Forced to Flee|date=12 February 2014}}</ref>		Officially only 139 people have a permit to own firearms in Central African Republic, mostly members of parliament. They are entitled to possess one 12-gauge shotgun and one 9mm automatic pistol.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.centrafriqueledefi.com/pages/defense-civile-et-militaire/bangui-autorisation-d-achat-et-de-port-d-armes.html|title=Bangui : autorisation d'achat et de port d'armes|date=29 October 2018|language=fr|access-date=3 December 2020|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521102200/https://www.centrafriqueledefi.com/pages/defense-civile-et-militaire/bangui-autorisation-d-achat-et-de-port-d-armes.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Regardless, illegal possession and carry of firearms is widespread in Central African Republic, large parts of which are under control of different armed groups. Anti-balaka and ex-Seleka militias possess and carry home-made shotguns, automatic rifles and rocket launchers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/02/12/central-african-republic-muslims-forced-flee|title=Central African Republic: Muslims Forced to Flee|date=12 February 2014|access-date=3 December 2020|archive-date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026041649/https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/02/12/central-african-republic-muslims-forced-flee|url-status=live}}</ref>
	===Chad===		===Chad===
	A law on firearms passed in 1968 requires a permit to own a firearm in Chad which must be renewed annually. This law does not specify any conditions that must be met to obtain a license except for a tax stamp which must be paid, between 500 and 3000 CFA francs depending on the type of firearm.<ref group=law>Chad: , 1968 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222714/http://unmondeformidable.over-blog.com/article-tchad-armes-et-munitions-et-si-on-appliquait-la-reglementation-87849398.html|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref> Considering that in 2017 the Chadian government raised 5 million francs from issuing firearm licenses<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cabri-sbo.org/uploads/bia/chad_2017_approval_external_adjusted_budget_ministry_of_finance_cen-sad_eccas_french__1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521104002/https://www.cabri-sbo.org/uploads/bia/chad_2017_approval_external_adjusted_budget_ministry_of_finance_cen-sad_eccas_french__1.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-21 |url-status=live|title=PROJET DE LOT DE FINANCES RECTIFICATIVE 2017|language=fr|page=15}}</ref> it would mean that there are between 1,666 and 10,000 active firearm licenses in Chad or between 0.01 and 0.06 per 100 people.		A law on firearms passed in 1968 requires a permit to own a firearm in Chad which must be renewed annually. This law does not specify any conditions that must be met to obtain a license except for a tax stamp which must be paid, between 500 and 3000 CFA francs depending on the type of firearm.<ref group=law>Chad: , 1968 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705222714/http://unmondeformidable.over-blog.com/article-tchad-armes-et-munitions-et-si-on-appliquait-la-reglementation-87849398.html|date=5 July 2023}}</ref> Considering that in 2017 the Chadian government raised 5 million francs from issuing firearm licenses<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cabri-sbo.org/uploads/bia/chad_2017_approval_external_adjusted_budget_ministry_of_finance_cen-sad_eccas_french__1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521104002/https://www.cabri-sbo.org/uploads/bia/chad_2017_approval_external_adjusted_budget_ministry_of_finance_cen-sad_eccas_french__1.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-21 |url-status=live|title=PROJET DE LOT DE FINANCES RECTIFICATIVE 2017|language=fr|page=15}}</ref> it would mean that there are between 1,666 and 10,000 active firearm licenses in Chad or between 0.01 and 0.06 per 100 people.
	=== Djibouti ===		=== Djibouti ===
	Possession of firearms in Djibouti is generally prohibited except when special permits are granted in exceptional circumstances by the Head of State.<ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Djibouti — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>		Possession of firearms in Djibouti is generally prohibited except when special permits are granted in exceptional circumstances by the Head of State.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200410/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/djibouti |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Djibouti — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>
	Firearms in Eritrea are completely prohibited for civilian use without exceptions.<ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Eritrea— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>
			=== Eritrea ===
			Firearms in Eritrea are completely prohibited for civilian use without exceptions.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200406/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/eritrea |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Eritrea— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>
	=== Eswatini ===		=== Eswatini ===
Line 2,920:		Line 2,919:
	=== Gambia ===		=== Gambia ===
	Current law states that firearm licenses are a privilege in Gambia and authorities have full discretion in issuing them.<ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Gambia— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>		Current law states that firearm licenses are a privilege in Gambia and authorities have full discretion in issuing them.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200410/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/gambia |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Gambia— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>
	=== Ghana ===		=== Ghana ===
	Firearm law in Ghana allows acquisition of shotguns and handguns (pistols and revolvers). It requires that every firearm must be reregistered every year; however, this is widely ignored. Out of 1,230,000 people who legally bought a gun only 40,000 are reregistering their weapons every year. Unlike other African countries, handguns are popular in Ghana. For example, in ] 74.4% of people who legally acquired guns in 2020 chose revolvers, while 21% chose shotguns. In the ] 45.5% chose shotguns, while 21.5% chose revolvers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/demand-for-firearms-increasing.html|title=Demand for firearms increasing|newspaper=Graphic Online |date=14 October 2020}}</ref>		Firearm law in Ghana allows acquisition of shotguns and handguns (pistols and revolvers). It requires that every firearm must be reregistered every year; however, this is widely ignored. Out of 1,230,000 people who legally bought a gun only 40,000 are reregistering their weapons every year. Unlike other African countries, handguns are popular in Ghana. For example, in ] 74.4% of people who legally acquired guns in 2020 chose revolvers, while 21% chose shotguns. In the ] 45.5% chose shotguns, while 21.5% chose revolvers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/demand-for-firearms-increasing.html|title=Demand for firearms increasing|newspaper=Graphic Online|date=14 October 2020|access-date=1 December 2020|archive-date=21 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021035700/https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/demand-for-firearms-increasing.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
	===Kenya===		===Kenya===
Line 2,929:		Line 2,928:
	Gun regulation in ] is established by the Firearms Act (Cap. 114) of Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kenyalaw.org/lex/actview.xql?actid=CAP.%20114|title=CAP. 114|website=kenyalaw.org|access-date=2017-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818063401/http://kenyalaw.org/lex/actview.xql?actid=CAP.%20114|archive-date=18 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Act states: "No person under the age of twelve years shall have in his possession any firearm or ammunition to which Part II applies, and no person under the age of fourteen years shall have in his possession any firearm or ammunition to which Part II applies other than a miniature rifle not exceeding 0.22 calibre or a shotgun the bore of which is not larger than 20 gauge, and ammunition suitable therefor, except in circumstances where he is entitled to have possession thereof without holding a firearm certificate by virtue of subsection (8), subsection (9) or subsection (10) of section 7; and no person shall part with the possession of any such firearm or ammunition to any person whom he knows or has reason to believe to be under the age of twelve or fourteen years, as the case may be, except in circumstances where that other person is entitled to have possession thereof."		Gun regulation in ] is established by the Firearms Act (Cap. 114) of Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kenyalaw.org/lex/actview.xql?actid=CAP.%20114|title=CAP. 114|website=kenyalaw.org|access-date=2017-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818063401/http://kenyalaw.org/lex/actview.xql?actid=CAP.%20114|archive-date=18 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Act states: "No person under the age of twelve years shall have in his possession any firearm or ammunition to which Part II applies, and no person under the age of fourteen years shall have in his possession any firearm or ammunition to which Part II applies other than a miniature rifle not exceeding 0.22 calibre or a shotgun the bore of which is not larger than 20 gauge, and ammunition suitable therefor, except in circumstances where he is entitled to have possession thereof without holding a firearm certificate by virtue of subsection (8), subsection (9) or subsection (10) of section 7; and no person shall part with the possession of any such firearm or ammunition to any person whom he knows or has reason to believe to be under the age of twelve or fourteen years, as the case may be, except in circumstances where that other person is entitled to have possession thereof."
	The Chief Licensing Officer (CLO) has discretion to award, deny, or revoke firearm licenses. Applicants must be 21 years of age or older,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mutsoli |first=Vivian |date=2021-08-16 |title=How to get a gun license in Kenya 2021: Step-by-step guide |url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/377823-how-a-gun-license-kenya.html |access-date=2022-04-28 |website=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news. |language=en}}</ref> pass a stringent background check for criminal activity, mental health and domestic violence, and state genuine reason(s) for their need to privately own and carry a firearm. Checks are regularly repeated, with failure to pass resulting in immediate revocation of the license. Once licensed to own a gun, no additional permit is required to carry a concealed firearm.		The Chief Licensing Officer (CLO) has discretion to award, deny, or revoke firearm licenses. Applicants must be 21 years of age or older,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mutsoli |first=Vivian |date=2021-08-16 |title=How to get a gun license in Kenya 2021: Step-by-step guide |url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/377823-how-a-gun-license-kenya.html |access-date=2022-04-28 |website=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news. |language=en |archive-date=4 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704101641/https://www.tuko.co.ke/377823-how-a-gun-license-kenya.html |url-status=live }}</ref> pass a stringent background check for criminal activity, mental health and domestic violence, and state genuine reason(s) for their need to privately own and carry a firearm. Checks are regularly repeated, with failure to pass resulting in immediate revocation of the license. Once licensed to own a gun, no additional permit is required to carry a concealed firearm.
	=== Lesotho ===		=== Lesotho ===
	Applicants for firearm possession must obtain a reference letter from the village chief or headman.<ref name=gplesot> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Lesotho— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref> It is later sent to local police stations for approval, then to district police for their approval, then to the National Security Service for their final approval.<ref name=gplesot/>		Applicants for firearm possession must obtain a reference letter from the village chief or headman and the PrincipalChief.<ref name=gplesot> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200409/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/lesotho |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Lesotho— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref> It is later sent to local police stations for scrutiny, then to district police for their assessment, then to the National Security Service or Criminal Intelligence for vetting of the applicant. The application then goes to the Regional Police Commissioner who will in turn pass it the Police Headquarters for approval by the Commissioner of Police (Firearms and Explosives Licensing Board).<ref name=gplesot/>
	=== Liberia ===		=== Liberia ===
	Liberia allows only possession of single-shot shotguns and black powder long guns for hunting purposes. Private security agencies are banned from arming their employees. However, some criminals have automatic firearms, particularly AK-styled rifles. These are believed to be leftovers from the country's decade-long intermittent civil war. Automatic firearms are also likely coming across the country's porous borders with Guinea, Ivory Coast, and Sierra Leone. These countries have more liberal gun-ownership laws.<ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Guinea— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200407/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/guinea|date=December 26, 2023}}</ref><ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Côte d'Ivoire — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref><ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Sierra Leone— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref> All of Liberia's neighbors have experienced some form of armed conflict in the last two decades leaving them awash with illegal automatic weapons. The Emergency Response Unit (ERU), the only armed unit within the Liberia National Police, responds to armed incidents, particularly armed robbery.		Liberia allows only possession of single-shot shotguns and black powder long guns for hunting purposes. Private security agencies are banned from arming their employees. However, some criminals have automatic firearms, particularly AK-styled rifles. These are believed to be leftovers from the country's decade-long intermittent civil war. Automatic firearms are also likely coming across the country's porous borders with Guinea, Ivory Coast, and Sierra Leone. These countries have more liberal gun-ownership laws.<ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Guinea— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200407/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/guinea|date=26 December 2023}}</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826231025/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cote-d-ivoire |date=26 August 2021 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Côte d'Ivoire — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200408/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/sierra-leone |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2023. Sierra Leone— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law— Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 22 January. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref> All of Liberia's neighbors have experienced some form of armed conflict in the last two decades leaving them awash with illegal automatic weapons. The Emergency Response Unit (ERU), the only armed unit within the Liberia National Police, responds to armed incidents, particularly armed robbery.
	Liberia Firearms and Ammunition Control Act of 2015 regulates the possession and use of small arms and light weapons in the country. The illegal possession of small arms and light weapons constitutes a first-degree misdemeanor and is punishable by a term of imprisonment of not more than a year and seizure of the illegally possessed arm or ammunition.<ref> International Humanitarian Law Databases. ]</ref>		Liberia Firearms and Ammunition Control Act of 2015 regulates the possession and use of small arms and light weapons in the country. The illegal possession of small arms and light weapons constitutes a first-degree misdemeanor and is punishable by a term of imprisonment of not more than a year and seizure of the illegally possessed arm or ammunition.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200404/https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/national-practice/firearms-and-ammunition-control-act-2015 |date=26 December 2023 }} International Humanitarian Law Databases. ]</ref>
	=== Mozambique ===		=== Mozambique ===
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	=== Namibia ===		=== Namibia ===
	Namibia permits firearm ownership under license, which is issued on a may-issue basis. In 2017 Namibian police issued 7,647 firearm licenses from 9,239 applications, the acceptance rate therefore being around 83%.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thevillager.com.na/articles/12425/nampol-approved-over-7-000-gun-license-applications-in-2017-rejected-over-1000-others/ |title=NamPol approved over 7 000 gun license applications in 2017 …rejected over 1000 others|date=30 January 2018}}</ref> Overall there are currently 200,100 registered firearms in Namibia or 9 per 100 people. Most popular types of firearms owned by civilians are pistols (46%), rifles (34%) and shotguns (24%).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thevillager.com.na/articles/12009/massive-private-gun-ownership-raises-eyebrows-/|title=Massive private gun-ownership raises eyebrows|date=13 November 2017}}</ref> Carrying unloaded concealed firearms in public is allowed.		Namibia permits firearm ownership under license, which is issued on a may-issue basis. In 2017 Namibian police issued 7,647 firearm licenses from 9,239 applications, the acceptance rate therefore being around 83%.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thevillager.com.na/articles/12425/nampol-approved-over-7-000-gun-license-applications-in-2017-rejected-over-1000-others/|title=NamPol approved over 7 000 gun license applications in 2017 …rejected over 1000 others|date=30 January 2018|access-date=1 August 2019|archive-date=1 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801174212/https://www.thevillager.com.na/articles/12425/nampol-approved-over-7-000-gun-license-applications-in-2017-rejected-over-1000-others/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Overall there are currently 200,100 registered firearms in Namibia or 9 per 100 people. Most popular types of firearms owned by civilians are pistols (46%), rifles (34%) and shotguns (24%).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thevillager.com.na/articles/12009/massive-private-gun-ownership-raises-eyebrows-/|title=Massive private gun-ownership raises eyebrows|date=13 November 2017|access-date=1 August 2019|archive-date=1 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801174212/https://www.thevillager.com.na/articles/12009/massive-private-gun-ownership-raises-eyebrows-/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Carrying unloaded concealed firearms in public is allowed.
	=== Rwanda ===		=== Rwanda ===
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	=== Senegal ===		=== Senegal ===
	{{Unreferenced section|date=April 2023}}		{{Unreferenced section|date=April 2023}}
	Senegal has a strict gun legislation. Applications for firearm licenses do not need to specify a reason. An application requires: copy of identity card, criminal record, medical check-up, four photos, tax stamp and personality test. Decisions should be made after a few months.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/senegal|publisher=Gunpolicy.org|title= Senegal- Gun Facts, Figures, and the Law}}</ref>		Senegal has a strict gun legislation. Applications for firearm licenses do not need to specify a reason. An application requires: copy of identity card, criminal record, medical check-up, four photos, tax stamp and personality test. Decisions should be made after a few months.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/senegal|publisher=Gunpolicy.org|title=Senegal- Gun Facts, Figures, and the Law|access-date=28 April 2023|archive-date=28 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230428180553/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/senegal|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	Gun ownership is very rare, however numbers are on the rise. In 2016 Senegal police issued 1000 licenses, while rejecting 250 (80% acceptance rate), compared to 456 in 2011. In 2017 it was estimated that police issued more than 7,000 total licenses (0.04 per 100 people).		Gun ownership is very rare, however numbers are on the rise. In 2016 Senegal police issued 1000 licenses, while rejecting 250 (80% acceptance rate), compared to 456 in 2011. In 2017 it was estimated that police issued more than 7,000 total licenses (0.04 per 100 people).
	=== Sierra Leone ===		=== Sierra Leone ===
	In 2012, Sierra Leone legalized gun ownership after 16 years of a total ban being enforced.<ref></ref> According to the act, authorities have discretion in determining whether persons have good reasons to own firearms. The Arms Act of 2021 repealed the Arms Act of 2012, with little change to licensing procedures.<ref></ref>		In 2012, Sierra Leone legalized gun ownership after 16 years of a total ban being enforced.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sierra-leone.org/Laws/2012-09.pdf |title=The Arms and Ammunition Act, 2012 |access-date=26 December 2023 |archive-date=15 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240115002054/http://www.sierra-leone.org/Laws/2012-09.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the act, authorities have discretion in determining whether persons have good reasons to own firearms. The Arms Act of 2021 repealed the Arms Act of 2012, with little change to licensing procedures.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.parliament.gov.sl/uploads/bill_files/THE%20ARMS%20AND%20AMMUNITION%20ACT,%202021.pdf |title=The Arms and Ammunition Act, 2021 |access-date=26 December 2023 |archive-date=29 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229181324/https://www.parliament.gov.sl/uploads/bill_files/THE%20ARMS%20AND%20AMMUNITION%20ACT,%202021.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
	=== Somalia ===		=== Somalia ===
	From 1992 until 2023, a UN embargo had prohibited importation of any firearms into Somalia except for security forces.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/un_arms_embargoes/somalia|title=UN arms embargo on Somalia|date=20 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/un-security-council-lifts-arms-embargo-somalia-government-2023-12-01/|title=UN Security Council lifts arms embargo on Somalia government|website=] }}</ref>		From 1992 until 2023, a UN embargo had prohibited importation of any firearms into Somalia except for security forces.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/un_arms_embargoes/somalia|title=UN arms embargo on Somalia|date=20 December 2019|access-date=8 December 2020|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112032843/https://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/un_arms_embargoes/somalia|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/un-security-council-lifts-arms-embargo-somalia-government-2023-12-01/|title=UN Security Council lifts arms embargo on Somalia government|website=]|access-date=8 December 2023|archive-date=27 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227161143/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/un-security-council-lifts-arms-embargo-somalia-government-2023-12-01/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	=== Somaliland ===		=== Somaliland ===
	According to 2010 gun control law residents of Somaliland are allowed to possess firearms for the purpose of defense of life and property. The law specifies pistols and AK automatic rifles as permissible while also mentioning that others can be allowed. Only one weapon of each type can be registered. Possession of more than one weapon of each type require justification and is granted only for legal persons. Permits to register a weapon are provided to people over 18 without criminal background. Permit must be renewed every year. Both citizens and residents can register firearms and they can be inherited. Sale of firearms is limited to government and licensed dealers. Weapons of war such as mortars, bombs, chemical weapons as well as suppressors are prohibited. Openly carrying firearms is prohibited.<ref group="law">Somaliland: , 2010 (in Somali). Translated: </ref> As the arms embargo on Somalia was lifted, the Somaliland government opposed the measure.<ref> December 2, 2023</ref>		According to 2010 gun control law residents of Somaliland are allowed to possess firearms for the purpose of defense of life and property. The law specifies pistols and AK automatic rifles as permissible while also mentioning that others can be allowed. Only one weapon of each type can be registered. Possession of more than one weapon of each type require justification and is granted only for legal persons. Permits to register a weapon are provided to people over 18 without criminal background. Permit must be renewed every year. Both citizens and residents can register firearms and they can be inherited. Sale of firearms is limited to government and licensed dealers. Weapons of war such as mortars, bombs, chemical weapons as well as suppressors are prohibited. Openly carrying firearms is prohibited.<ref group="law">Somaliland: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509061834/http://garyaqaankaguud.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Xeerka-Xakamaynta-Hubka-Fudud-Xeer-Lr.-32.-2010.pdf|date=9 May 2021}}, 2010 (in Somali). Translated: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507193801/https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=pl&sl=so&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fgaryaqaankaguud.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F09%2FXeerka-Xakamaynta-Hubka-Fudud-Xeer-Lr.-32.-2010.pdf|date=7 May 2021}}</ref> As the arms embargo on Somalia was lifted, the Somaliland government opposed the measure.<ref> 2 December 2023</ref>
	===South Africa===		===South Africa===
	{{Main|Firearm regulation in South Africa}}		{{Main|Firearm regulation in South Africa}}
	To apply for a firearm license in South Africa applicants must pass a competency test covering the specific type of firearm that is being applied for, and a test on the South African firearm laws. Once these tests are passed one needs to apply for a competency certificate, where the South African Police Service performs a background check and an inspection of the premises where the firearm will be stored. After both tests are passed and the respective certificates are awarded, one can then apply for a firearm license in categories ranging from self-defence to ]. Different license categories have different restrictions, for example the amount of ammunition owners may hold. Using guns to hunt is permitted <ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.saps.gov.za/services/flash/firearms/faq_categories.php | title=About Us &#124; SAPS (South African Police Service)}}</ref>		To apply for a firearm license in South Africa applicants must pass a competency test covering the specific type of firearm that is being applied for, and a test on the South African firearm laws. Once these tests are passed one needs to apply for a competency certificate, where the South African Police Service performs a background check and an inspection of the premises where the firearm will be stored. After both tests are passed and the respective certificates are awarded, one can then apply for a firearm license in categories ranging from self-defence to ]. Different license categories have different restrictions, for example the amount of ammunition owners may hold. Using guns to hunt is permitted<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.saps.gov.za/services/flash/firearms/faq_categories.php | title=About Us &#124; SAPS (South African Police Service) | access-date=15 August 2018 | archive-date=30 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030124946/https://www.saps.gov.za/services/flash/firearms/faq_categories.php | url-status=live }}</ref>
	==Americas==		==Americas==
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	Firearms must be purchased through a licensed registry registered with the ANMaC. If a firearm is inherited, a re-registering form must be filed. There is no limit on the number of firearms owned so long as they are properly stored. Ammunition sales are recorded but unlimited.<ref name=Explainer/> Carry permits for licensed handgun owners are extremely difficult to obtain, and require appearing before the ANMaC board to make their case. Carry permits are renewed yearly to re-examine their "clear and present" danger, and the permit is usually revoked immediately if this danger is removed. Those dealing in money or valuables or in private security may be issued a business carry permit.<ref>{{cite web|title=ANMaC permits|url=https://www.renar.gov.ar/index_seccion.php?seccion=requisitos&idt=PORTA&m=1&id=2&secc=usuario_tramites|website=ANMaC|access-date=26 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507221456/https://www.renar.gov.ar/index_seccion.php?seccion=requisitos&idt=PORTA&m=1&id=2&secc=usuario_tramites|archive-date=7 May 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>		Firearms must be purchased through a licensed registry registered with the ANMaC. If a firearm is inherited, a re-registering form must be filed. There is no limit on the number of firearms owned so long as they are properly stored. Ammunition sales are recorded but unlimited.<ref name=Explainer/> Carry permits for licensed handgun owners are extremely difficult to obtain, and require appearing before the ANMaC board to make their case. Carry permits are renewed yearly to re-examine their "clear and present" danger, and the permit is usually revoked immediately if this danger is removed. Those dealing in money or valuables or in private security may be issued a business carry permit.<ref>{{cite web|title=ANMaC permits|url=https://www.renar.gov.ar/index_seccion.php?seccion=requisitos&idt=PORTA&m=1&id=2&secc=usuario_tramites|website=ANMaC|access-date=26 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507221456/https://www.renar.gov.ar/index_seccion.php?seccion=requisitos&idt=PORTA&m=1&id=2&secc=usuario_tramites|archive-date=7 May 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	Handguns above .32 calibre are conditional-use; fully automatic handguns are prohibited to civilians. Bolt-action rifles above .22, long rifles and semi-automatic rifles above .22, and long rifles with a non-detachable magazine are conditional-use; fully automatic rifles and semi-automatic rifles above .22, and long rifles with detachable magazines are prohibited. Semi-automatic shotguns and shotguns with barrels between {{convert|380|and|600|mm|abbr=on}} long are conditional-use; fully automatic shotguns and shotguns with barrels under {{convert|380|mm|abbr=on}} are prohibited.<ref>{{cite web|title=Classification of firearms|url=http://www.anmac.gob.ar/index_seccion.php?seccion=clasi_armas_fuego&m=2|website=ANMaC|access-date=15 September 2017}}</ref>{{clarify|date=July 2017|reason=How civil conditional-use differ from civil use?}}		Handguns above .32 calibre are conditional-use; fully automatic handguns are prohibited to civilians. Bolt-action rifles above .22, long rifles and semi-automatic rifles above .22, and long rifles with a non-detachable magazine are conditional-use; fully automatic rifles and semi-automatic rifles above .22, and long rifles with detachable magazines are prohibited. Semi-automatic shotguns and shotguns with barrels between {{convert|380|and|600|mm|abbr=on}} long are conditional-use; fully automatic shotguns and shotguns with barrels under {{convert|380|mm|abbr=on}} are prohibited.<ref>{{cite web|title=Classification of firearms|url=http://www.anmac.gob.ar/index_seccion.php?seccion=clasi_armas_fuego&m=2|website=ANMaC|access-date=15 September 2017|archive-date=10 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710032046/http://www.anmac.gob.ar/index_seccion.php?seccion=clasi_armas_fuego&m=2|url-status=live}}</ref>{{clarify|date=July 2017|reason=How civil conditional-use differ from civil use?}}
	===Belize===		===Belize===
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	===Brazil===		===Brazil===
	{{Main|Gun control in Brazil}}		{{Main|Gun control in Brazil}}
	All firearms in Brazil are required to be registered. The minimum age for ownership is 25,<ref name="BBCNews">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4368598.stm|title=Brazilians reject gun sales ban |date=24 October 2005 |access-date=17 June 2008 |publisher=BBCNEWS}}</ref>		All firearms in Brazil are required to be registered. The minimum age for ownership is 25,<ref name="BBCNews">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4368598.stm |title=Brazilians reject gun sales ban |date=24 October 2005 |access-date=17 June 2008 |publisher=BBCNEWS |archive-date=26 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080726230322/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4368598.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>
	and certificates of aptitude and mental health are required prior to the acquisition of a firearm and every ten years thereafter.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2019-2022/2019/Decreto/D9845.htm|title=Decreto n° 9845, de 25 de Junho de 2019|website=www.planalto.gov.br}}</ref>		and certificates of aptitude and mental health are required prior to the acquisition of a firearm and every ten years thereafter.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2019-2022/2019/Decreto/D9845.htm|title=Decreto n° 9845, de 25 de Junho de 2019|website=www.planalto.gov.br|access-date=18 February 2020|archive-date=15 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215000031/http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2019/decreto/D9845.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
	It is generally illegal to carry a firearm outside one's residence, commerce/store or farm.<ref name="NRA in Brazil">{{cite news |url=http://www.alternet.org/story/27279/|title=The NRA Takes on Gun Control– in Brazil |author=Hearn, Kelly |date=5 October 2005 |access-date=17 June 2008 |work=Alternet}}</ref>		It is generally illegal to carry a firearm outside one's residence, commerce/store or farm.<ref name="NRA in Brazil">{{cite news |url=http://www.alternet.org/story/27279/ |title=The NRA Takes on Gun Control– in Brazil |author=Hearn, Kelly |date=5 October 2005 |access-date=17 June 2008 |work=Alternet |archive-date=13 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013142946/http://www.alternet.org/story/27279/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
	Executive Order {{abbr|No.|number}}&nbsp;5.123, of 1 July 2004<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5123.htm|title=D5123|website=www.planalto.gov.br}}</ref>		Executive Order {{abbr|No.|number}}&nbsp;5.123, of 1 July 2004<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5123.htm|title=D5123|website=www.planalto.gov.br|access-date=31 January 2016|archive-date=6 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106111801/http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5123.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
	allows the ] to confiscate firearms which are not possessed for a valid reason;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jus.com.br/artigos/30201/a-ilegalidade-na-negativa-a-compra-de-arma-de-fogo|title=Negativa à compra de arma de fogo: ilegalidade da discricionariedade da Polícia Federal |website=jus.com.br – Jus Navigandi}}</ref>		allows the ] to confiscate firearms which are not possessed for a valid reason;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jus.com.br/artigos/30201/a-ilegalidade-na-negativa-a-compra-de-arma-de-fogo|title=Negativa à compra de arma de fogo: ilegalidade da discricionariedade da Polícia Federal|website=jus.com.br – Jus Navigandi|access-date=31 January 2016|archive-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220174315/https://jus.com.br/artigos/30201/a-ilegalidade-na-negativa-a-compra-de-arma-de-fogo|url-status=live}}</ref>
	The total number of firearms in Brazil is thought to be between 14 million and 17 million<ref name="NRA in Brazil"/><ref name="Gun Facts and the Law">{{cite web |url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/brazil |title=Brazil – Gun Facts, Figures and the Law |publisher= GunPolicy.org |access-date=21 December 2012}}</ref>		The total number of firearms in Brazil is thought to be between 14 million and 17 million<ref name="NRA in Brazil"/><ref name="Gun Facts and the Law">{{cite web |url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/brazil |title=Brazil – Gun Facts, Figures and the Law |publisher=GunPolicy.org |access-date=21 December 2012 |archive-date=20 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121220084200/http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/brazil |url-status=dead }}</ref>
	with an estimated 9 million being unregistered.<ref name="BBCNews"/>		with an estimated 9 million being unregistered.<ref name="BBCNews"/>
	In a ], Brazilians voted against a government proposal for a total ban on the sales of firearms to private citizens.<ref name="BBCNews"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/atividade-legislativa/comissoes/comissoes-temporarias/especiais/55a-legislatura/pl-3722-12-disciplina-normas-sobre-armas-de-fogo/documentos/audiencias-publicas/apresentacao-do-coronel-paes-de-lira-ong-pela-legitima-defesa/|title=Analysis (in Portuguese) about gun control, Legislative Chamber|website=camara.leg.br}}</ref>		In a ], Brazilians voted against a government proposal for a total ban on the sales of firearms to private citizens.<ref name="BBCNews"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/atividade-legislativa/comissoes/comissoes-temporarias/especiais/55a-legislatura/pl-3722-12-disciplina-normas-sobre-armas-de-fogo/documentos/audiencias-publicas/apresentacao-do-coronel-paes-de-lira-ong-pela-legitima-defesa/|title=Analysis (in Portuguese) about gun control, Legislative Chamber|website=camara.leg.br|access-date=29 October 2020|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521101952/https://www2.camara.leg.br/atividade-legislativa/comissoes/comissoes-temporarias/especiais/55a-legislatura/pl-3722-12-disciplina-normas-sobre-armas-de-fogo/documentos/audiencias-publicas/apresentacao-do-coronel-paes-de-lira-ong-pela-legitima-defesa/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	In January 2019, ] signed an executive order which loosened Brazil's gun laws by removing the police's discretionary power to reject license applications.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/15/world/americas/bolsonaro-brazil-gun-rules.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/15/world/americas/bolsonaro-brazil-gun-rules.html |archive-date=2022-01-02 |url-access=limited |url-status=live|title=Bolsonaro Signs Decree Making It Easier for Brazilians to Buy Guns|date=2019|newspaper=The New York Times|last1=Darlington|first1=Shasta}}{{cbignore}}</ref>		In January 2019, ] signed an executive order which loosened Brazil's gun laws by removing the police's discretionary power to reject license applications.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/15/world/americas/bolsonaro-brazil-gun-rules.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/15/world/americas/bolsonaro-brazil-gun-rules.html |archive-date=2022-01-02 |url-access=limited |url-status=live|title=Bolsonaro Signs Decree Making It Easier for Brazilians to Buy Guns|date=2019|newspaper=]|last1=Darlington|first1=Shasta}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
	Currently there are more than one million guns legally registered by civilians.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.poder360.com.br/brasil/mais-de-1-milhao-de-armas-estao-em-poder-de-civis/|title=Mais de 1 milhão de armas estão em poder de civis|date=31 January 2021|website=Poder360}}</ref>		Currently there are more than one million guns legally registered by civilians.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.poder360.com.br/brasil/mais-de-1-milhao-de-armas-estao-em-poder-de-civis/|title=Mais de 1 milhão de armas estão em poder de civis|date=31 January 2021|website=Poder360|access-date=1 March 2021|archive-date=24 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224183309/https://www.poder360.com.br/brasil/mais-de-1-milhao-de-armas-estao-em-poder-de-civis/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	On September 5 the Minister of Supreme Court, Luiz Edson Fachin, did invalidate some decrees signed by President Bolsonaro. Those decisions, are named as ADI 6119, ADI 6139 and ADI 6466.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213090022/https://portal.stf.jus.br/noticias/verNoticiaDetalhe.asp?idConteudo=494468&ori=1|date=February 13, 2023}}</ref> The immediate action of those ADIs were the ban to purchase any firearm for home protection		On 5 September the Minister of Supreme Court, Luiz Edson Fachin, did invalidate some decrees signed by President Bolsonaro. Those decisions, are named as ADI 6119, ADI 6139 and ADI 6466.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213090022/https://portal.stf.jus.br/noticias/verNoticiaDetalhe.asp?idConteudo=494468&ori=1|date=13 February 2023}}</ref> The immediate action of those ADIs were the ban to purchase any firearm for home protection
	and the purchase of ammunition for any civilian in the country. Those ADIs also affected the shooting sports in some degree, by forbidden the acquisition of firearms of restricted calibers.		and the purchase of ammunition for any civilian in the country. Those ADIs also affected the shooting sports in some degree, by forbidden the acquisition of firearms of restricted calibers.
	===Canada===		===Canada===
	{{Main|Gun laws in Canada}}		{{Main|Firearms regulation in Canada|Canadian Firearms Program|Possession and acquisition licence}}
	Canada's firearm laws are stated in the ]. The ] (PAL) is distributed by the ] (federal police) and requires taking a firearms safety course and passing a test, a background check, and reference interviews. The PAL allows purchase of most popular sporting rifles and shotguns. A Restricted-PAL (RPAL) has an additional course for restricted weapons, which have increased storage requirements.<ref name="RCMP">{{cite web |url=http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/information/lic-per-eng.htm |access-date=21 September 2009 |title=Licensing: Canadian Firearms Program |author=RCMP |publisher=Government of Canada|date=26 February 2004 }}</ref>		Canada's firearm laws are stated in the ]. The ] (PAL) is distributed by the ] (a program operated within the ]) and requires taking firearms safety courses (for non-restricted and restricted classifications) and passing a written and practical test with 80% or higher, an enhanced background check, and interviews with ] and references. The Non-restricted PAL allows purchase of most common sporting rifles and shotguns. A Restricted-PAL (RPAL) has an additional course for restricted firearms (mostly ]), which have additional storage and transport requirements as well as required ].<ref name="RCMP">{{cite web |url=http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/information/lic-per-eng.htm |access-date=21 September 2009 |title=Licensing: Canadian Firearms Program |author=RCMP |publisher=Government of Canada |date=26 February 2004 |archive-date=10 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100210011847/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/information/lic-per-eng.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
	The two main reasons for owning firearms are target shooting and hunting.		The two main reasons for owning firearms are target shooting and hunting. Only Non-restricted firearms can be used for hunting.
	Carrying firearms for self-defense against human threats is prohibited without a permit. These permits are typically only issued to police, and those in a profession that involves carrying valuable goods, such as armoured car personnel. The RCMP is also able to issue an Authorization to Carry permit to private individuals on the basis that a person's life is in imminent danger and police protection is inadequate. These permits are seldom issued. In the 1990s, Toronto City Councillor ] was revealed to hold such a permit when he shot a man who was committing a robbery. {{As of|2018|10|post=,}} only two permits for protection of life were actively issued in the country.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thegunblog.ca/2018/11/08/two-canadians-have-authorization-to-carry-guns-filing-shows/|title=Two Canadians Have 'Authorization To Carry' Guns, Filing Shows &#124; TheGunBlog.ca|date=8 November 2018 }}</ref>		Carrying firearms for self-defense against human threats is prohibited without a permit. These permits are typically only issued to police, and those in a profession that involves carrying valuable goods, such as armoured car personnel. The RCMP is also able to issue an Authorization to Carry permit to private individuals on the basis that a person's life is in imminent danger and police protection is inadequate. These permits are seldom issued. In the 1990s, Toronto City Councillor ] was revealed to hold such a permit when he shot a man who was committing a robbery. {{As of|2018|10|post=,}} only two permits for protection of life were actively issued in the country.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thegunblog.ca/2018/11/08/two-canadians-have-authorization-to-carry-guns-filing-shows/|title=Two Canadians Have 'Authorization To Carry' Guns, Filing Shows &#124; TheGunBlog.ca|date=8 November 2018|access-date=8 August 2020|archive-date=22 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922100810/https://thegunblog.ca/2018/11/08/two-canadians-have-authorization-to-carry-guns-filing-shows/|url-status=live}}</ref>
	An Authorization to Carry permit can be obtained for protection against wild animals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/fs-fd/wild-sauvage-eng.htm|title=Using a Firearm for Wilderness Protection|publisher=Government of Canada |department=Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Canadian Firearms Program |website=www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca|date=25 February 2002}}</ref> However these are only issued to a licensed professional trapper, or to people in a profession that exposes them to dangerous animals in remote areas. However, the applicant must prove why carrying a rifle or shotgun is not possible, and they must choose a firearm that is appropriate for the circumstances.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/sor-98-207/fulltext.html|title=Consolidated federal laws of canada, Authorizations to Carry Restricted Firearms and Certain Handguns Regulations|first=Legislative Services|last=Branch|date=22 March 2006|website=laws-lois.justice.gc.ca}}</ref>		An Authorization to Carry permit can be obtained for protection against wild animals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/fs-fd/wild-sauvage-eng.htm|title=Using a Firearm for Wilderness Protection|publisher=Government of Canada|department=Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Canadian Firearms Program|website=www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca|date=25 February 2002|access-date=25 October 2016|archive-date=21 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191121140515/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/fs-fd/wild-sauvage-eng.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> However these are only issued to a licensed professional trapper, or to people in a profession that exposes them to dangerous animals in remote areas. However, the applicant must prove why carrying a rifle or shotgun is not possible, and they must choose a firearm that is appropriate for the circumstances.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/sor-98-207/fulltext.html|title=Consolidated federal laws of canada, Authorizations to Carry Restricted Firearms and Certain Handguns Regulations|first=Legislative Services|last=Branch|date=22 March 2006|website=laws-lois.justice.gc.ca|access-date=8 August 2020|archive-date=5 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200505202515/https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/sor-98-207/fulltext.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
	In Canada, firearms fall into one of three categories:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/fs-fd/rp-eng.htm |title=List of Non-Restricted, Restricted, and Prohibited Firearms |author=RCMP |publisher=Government of Canada |access-date=22 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100211000641/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/fs-fd/rp-eng.htm |archive-date=11 February 2010}}</ref>		In Canada, firearms fall into one of three categories:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/fs-fd/rp-eng.htm |title=List of Non-Restricted, Restricted, and Prohibited Firearms |author=RCMP |publisher=Government of Canada |access-date=22 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100211000641/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/fs-fd/rp-eng.htm |archive-date=11 February 2010}}</ref>
	# Non-Restricted: Long guns with an overall length greater than {{convert|26|in}} and semi-automatics with a barrel longer than {{convert|18.5|in}}. These can be possessed with an ordinary PAL, and are the only class of firearms which can be used for hunting.		# Non-Restricted: Long rifles and shotguns with an overall length greater than {{convert|26|in}} and semi-automatics with a barrel longer than {{convert|18.5|in}}. These can be possessed with an ordinary PAL, and are the only class of firearms which can be used for hunting.
	# Restricted: This includes handguns with barrel lengths greater than 4.1&nbsp;inches (105&nbsp;mm), and long guns which do not meet the length requirements for non-restricted but are not prohibited. These guns require ATTs, so can only be discharged at ranges.		# Restricted: This includes handguns with barrel lengths greater than 4.1&nbsp;inches (105&nbsp;mm), and long guns which do not meet the length requirements for non-restricted but are not prohibited. These guns require ], and ], and they can only be discharged at ranges.
	# Prohibited: These weapons generally cannot be possessed by civilians, and include fully automatic weapons and many ], military-grade ]s,<ref>{{Cite web|title=PM Trudeau announces federal ban on assault-style firearms in Canada|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/pm-trudeau-announces-federal-ban-on-assault-style-firearms-in-canada-1.4920528|last=Aiello|first=Rachel|date=2020-05-01|website=CTVNews|language=en|access-date=2020-05-01}}</ref> and handguns with barrel length equal to or shorter than 4.1&nbsp;inches (105&nbsp;mm), and those chambered for ] and ] cartridges. Normally, the only way to possess these is by being grandfathered in or through inheritance. Most magazines for semi-automatic long guns capable of holding more than 5 centerfire cartridges or 10 rounds for handguns are prohibited.		# Prohibited: These weapons generally cannot be possessed by civilians, and include fully automatic firearms and many modern military arms, military-grade ]s,<ref>{{Cite web|title=PM Trudeau announces federal ban on assault-style firearms in Canada|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/pm-trudeau-announces-federal-ban-on-assault-style-firearms-in-canada-1.4920528|last=Aiello|first=Rachel|date=2020-05-01|website=CTVNews|language=en|access-date=2020-05-01|archive-date=1 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501174044/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/pm-trudeau-announces-federal-ban-on-assault-style-firearms-in-canada-1.4920528|url-status=live}}</ref> and handguns with barrel length equal to or shorter than 4.1&nbsp;inches (105&nbsp;mm), and those chambered for ] and ] cartridges. Normally, the only way to possess these is by being ] in or through inheritance. Most magazines for semi-automatic long guns capable of holding more than 5 centerfire cartridges or 10 rounds for handguns are prohibited.
	Restricted and Prohibited firearms can only be used at an approved shooting range, and cannot be used for hunting. Transportation of firearms that meet these classifications are restricted by an ] (ATT) permit, and they can only be transported to and from approved ranges in a locked case.		Restricted and Prohibited firearms can only be used at an approved shooting range, must be ], and cannot be used for hunting. Transportation of firearms that meet these classifications are restricted by an ] (ATT) permit, and they can only be transported to and from approved ranges in a locked case.
	Non-citizens may obtain a non-resident firearms declaration from a customs officer, for a temporary 60-day authorization to bring a non-prohibited firearm into Canada.<ref name="RCMP"/>		Non-citizens may obtain a non-resident firearms declaration from a customs officer, for a temporary 60-day authorization to bring a non-restricted firearm into Canada.<ref name="RCMP"/>
	===Chile===		===Chile===
	In ], the 103rd article of the Constitution declares gun ownership as a privilege granted in accordance to a special law.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=242302|title=DTO-100 22-SEP-2005 MINISTERIO SECRETARÍA GENERAL DE LA PRESIDENCIA|last=PRESIDENCIA|first=MINISTERIO SECRETARÍA GENERAL DE LA|date=2005-09-22|website=Ley Chile – Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional|language=es|access-date=2019-08-05}}</ref> Firearms are regulated by the police. Civilian gun ownership is allowed by law but discouraged by authorities, with regular press statements and campaigns denouncing the dangers of possessing firearms.		In ], the 103rd article of the Constitution declares gun ownership as a privilege granted in accordance to a special law.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=242302|title=DTO-100 22-SEP-2005 MINISTERIO SECRETARÍA GENERAL DE LA PRESIDENCIA|last=PRESIDENCIA|first=MINISTERIO SECRETARÍA GENERAL DE LA|date=2005-09-22|website=Ley Chile – Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional|language=es|access-date=2019-08-05|archive-date=25 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725080422/http://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=242302|url-status=live}}</ref> Firearms are regulated by the police. Civilian gun ownership is allowed by law but discouraged by authorities, with regular press statements and campaigns denouncing the dangers of possessing firearms.
	Police-issued firearm permits require applicants to be 18 years of age,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explainer: Gun Laws in Latin America's Six Largest Economies|url=https://www.as-coa.org/articles/explainer-gun-laws-latin-americas-six-largest-economies|access-date=2021-03-30|website=AS/COA|language=en}}</ref> provide a mental health certificate issued by a psychiatrist, have a clean criminal record with no domestic violence accusations, and pass a written test on firearm safety and knowledge. Final approval lies in a district police commander, who can deny the permit in "justified cases" not detailed by the law. There are five types of permits:		Police-issued firearm permits require applicants to be 18 years of age,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explainer: Gun Laws in Latin America's Six Largest Economies|url=https://www.as-coa.org/articles/explainer-gun-laws-latin-americas-six-largest-economies|access-date=2021-03-30|website=AS/COA|language=en|archive-date=4 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304011914/https://www.as-coa.org/articles/explainer-gun-laws-latin-americas-six-largest-economies|url-status=live}}</ref> provide a mental health certificate issued by a psychiatrist, have a clean criminal record with no domestic violence accusations, and pass a written test on firearm safety and knowledge. Final approval lies in a district police commander, who can deny the permit in "justified cases" not detailed by the law. There are five types of permits:
	* A defense permit allowing ownership of 2 firearms which must remain at the declared address.		* A defense permit allowing ownership of 2 firearms which must remain at the declared address.
	* A hunting permit requiring a hunting license, and allowing up to 6 firearms.		* A hunting permit requiring a hunting license, and allowing up to 6 firearms.
Line 3,027:		Line 3,026:
	Each of these permits has limits on types of firearms used, and allows for a police-issued permit to buy a specified quantity of appropriate ammunition from a specific gun shop. Transport permits are required to take firearms from the permit-holder's residence to a specified shooting range or hunting ground, and are valid for two years. Transported firearms must be unloaded and not attached to the body.		Each of these permits has limits on types of firearms used, and allows for a police-issued permit to buy a specified quantity of appropriate ammunition from a specific gun shop. Transport permits are required to take firearms from the permit-holder's residence to a specified shooting range or hunting ground, and are valid for two years. Transported firearms must be unloaded and not attached to the body.
	A self-defense permit allows carrying a firearm for protection against specific human threats. Such permits are valid for one year, but as the police commander can deny applications without stating a reason, they are very rarely issued. Automatic firearms are forbidden for civilian use.<ref>{{cite web |title=Guía legal sobre: Control de Armas |url=https://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/control-de-armas |website=Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile |date=27 November 2014 |access-date=22 September 2019}}</ref>		A self-defense permit allows carrying a firearm for protection against specific human threats. Such permits are valid for one year, but as the police commander can deny applications without stating a reason, they are very rarely issued. Automatic firearms are forbidden for civilian use.<ref>{{cite web |title=Guía legal sobre: Control de Armas |url=https://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/control-de-armas |website=Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile |date=27 November 2014 |access-date=22 September 2019 |archive-date=12 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112121820/https://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/control-de-armas |url-status=live }}</ref>
	===Cuba===		===Cuba===
	Gun control law enacted in 2008 in Cuba divides firearm licenses in to six categories:<ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Cuba — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>		Gun control law enacted in 2008 in Cuba divides firearm licenses in to six categories:<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200405/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cuba |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Cuba — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>
	* ''First self-defense permit'' allows possession and carry of pistols or revolvers. It is issued for people who require them due to their job in security or who are authorized by the Ministry of Interior,		* ''First self-defense permit'' allows possession and carry of pistols or revolvers. It is issued for people who require them due to their job in security or who are authorized by the Ministry of Interior,
	* ''Second self-defense permit'' allows carry of pistols, revolvers and shotguns by employees of security companies during their duty,		* ''Second self-defense permit'' allows carry of pistols, revolvers and shotguns by employees of security companies during their duty,
Line 3,049:		Line 3,048:
	===El Salvador===		===El Salvador===
	El Salvador's laws aim to allow and regulate civilian possession of firearms. In order to get a firearm license one must have no criminal record, be at least 21 years of age<ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. El Salvador — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>(24 for a carry license), pay for a tax stamp, and undergo a written test.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://panampost.com/elena-toledo/2017/08/07/el-salvador-arma-hora/|title=En El Salvador se registra un arma de fuego cada hora|date=7 August 2017}}</ref> In 2017 there were 344,587 registered firearms in El Salvador, or 5.6 per 100 people.		El Salvador's laws aim to allow and regulate civilian possession of firearms. In order to get a firearm license one must have no criminal record, be at least 21 years of age<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226211155/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/el-salvador |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. El Salvador — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>(24 for a carry license), pay for a tax stamp, and undergo a written test.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://panampost.com/elena-toledo/2017/08/07/el-salvador-arma-hora/|title=En El Salvador se registra un arma de fuego cada hora|date=7 August 2017}}</ref> In 2017 there were 344,587 registered firearms in El Salvador, or 5.6 per 100 people.
	===Greenland===		===Greenland===
	Possession of most long guns is allowed without a permit in Greenland, while semi- and fully-automatic firearms and handguns require a permit. In 2018, proposed amendment to firearm law would raise the minimum age to purchase guns to 16.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=da&u=https://knr.gl/da/nyheder/aldersgrænse-våben-på-vej|title=Aldersgrænse for våben på vej|date=12 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904214233/https://knr.gl/da/nyheder/aldersgr%C3%A6nse-v%C3%A5ben-p%C3%A5-vej|archive-date=September 4, 2023}}</ref>		Possession of most long guns is allowed without a permit in Greenland, while semi- and fully-automatic firearms and handguns require a permit. In 2018, proposed amendment to firearm law would raise the minimum age to purchase guns to 16.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=da&u=https://knr.gl/da/nyheder/aldersgrænse-våben-på-vej|title=Aldersgrænse for våben på vej|date=12 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904214233/https://knr.gl/da/nyheder/aldersgr%C3%A6nse-v%C3%A5ben-p%C3%A5-vej|archive-date=4 September 2023}}</ref>
	=== Haiti ===		=== Haiti ===
	The constitution of Haiti provides citizens with the constitutional right to possess firearms at home. Only police and military can possess rifles. Handguns are allowed to be carried open or concealed with the correct license issued by the Haitian National Police assigned to the serial number of the firearm and with the name of the individual or organization responsible for the firearm.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007095408/http://www.sdn.mefhaiti.gouv.ht/lois/CH87/CH_P11.php#A264|date=October 7, 2010}}</ref><ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Haiti — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>		The constitution of Haiti provides citizens with the constitutional right to possess firearms at home. Only police and military can possess rifles. Handguns are allowed to be carried open or concealed with the correct license issued by the Haitian National Police assigned to the serial number of the firearm and with the name of the individual or organization responsible for the firearm.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007095408/http://www.sdn.mefhaiti.gouv.ht/lois/CH87/CH_P11.php#A264|date=7 October 2010}}</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226211600/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/haiti |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Haiti — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>
	===Honduras===		===Honduras===
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	Importation of firearms is only allowed to authorized local dealers. An individual may not privately import his/her own firearms while immigrating from another country. Firearms may temporarily be taken out of the country for sport events or repairs.		Importation of firearms is only allowed to authorized local dealers. An individual may not privately import his/her own firearms while immigrating from another country. Firearms may temporarily be taken out of the country for sport events or repairs.
	Firearms are regulated by Article 312 of the Panamanian Constitution of 1972 and the General Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials Act (Law 57 of 2011).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unlirec.org/Documents/Centroamerica/Panama/LeyGeneralArmasMunicionesMaterialesRelacionadosLeyN57_2011.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919001541/http://www.unlirec.org/Documents/Centroamerica/Panama/LeyGeneralArmasMunicionesMaterialesRelacionadosLeyN57_2011.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-19 |url-status=live|title=Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados|language=es}}</ref>		Firearms are regulated by Article 312 of the ] and the General Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials Act (Law 57 of 2011).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unlirec.org/Documents/Centroamerica/Panama/LeyGeneralArmasMunicionesMaterialesRelacionadosLeyN57_2011.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919001541/http://www.unlirec.org/Documents/Centroamerica/Panama/LeyGeneralArmasMunicionesMaterialesRelacionadosLeyN57_2011.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-19 |url-status=live|title=Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados|language=es}}</ref>
	=== Paraguay ===		=== Paraguay ===
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	{{Main|Gun law in the United States|Gun laws in the United States by state|Concealed carry in the United States|Open carry in the United States}}		{{Main|Gun law in the United States|Gun laws in the United States by state|Concealed carry in the United States|Open carry in the United States}}
	{{Concealed carry permit requirements in the US}}		{{Concealed carry permit requirements in the US}}
			{{More citations needed section|date=April 2024}}
	] in the United States
			] in the United States:
	{{legend|#008000|Legal with no permit/license required}}		{{legend|#008000|Legal with no permit/license required}}
	{{legend|#00cd00|Legal with no permit/license required; possible local restrictions}} <!-- they should be updated for 2023 to reflect the fact that Florida also has constitutional carry also known as the ability to carry without any special permit -->		{{legend|#00cd00|Legal with no permit/license required; possible local restrictions}} <!-- they should be updated for 2023 to reflect the fact that Florida also has constitutional carry also known as the ability to carry without any special permit -->
	{{legend|#ffff00|Legal with permit/license}}		{{legend|#ffff00|Legal with permit/license}}
	{{legend|#FF0000|Illegal}}]]		{{legend|#FF0000|Illegal}}]]
	In the United States, firearms are regulated by both federal and individual state statutes. Federal firearms laws are enforced by the ] (ATF). State and local firearms laws, which vary greatly, are enforced by state and local authorities. The ] has been protected by the ] to the Constitution since 1791,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/bill_of_rights.html|title=America's Founding Documents|date=30 October 2015}}</ref> and the ] ruled that it protects any individual's right to keep and bear arms unconnected with service in a militia for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home and in public, in '']'' (2008) and '']'' (2022). The Supreme Court affirmed in '']'' (2010) that the Second Amendment is ] by the ] of the ] and thereby applies to state and local laws as well as federal laws. Most state constitutions also guarantee this right, although there is some variance across the country as both federal and state laws apply to firearm possession and ownership.		In the United States, firearms are regulated by both federal and individual state statutes. Federal firearms laws are enforced by the ] (ATF). State and local firearms laws, which vary greatly, are enforced by state and local authorities. The ] has been protected by the ] to the Constitution since 1791,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/bill_of_rights.html|title=America's Founding Documents|date=30 October 2015}}</ref> and the ] ruled that it protects any individual's right to keep and bear arms unconnected with service in a militia for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home and in public, in '']'' (2008) and '']'' (2022). The Supreme Court affirmed in '']'' (2010) that the Second Amendment is ] by the ] of the ] and thereby applies to state and local laws as well as federal laws. Most state constitutions also guarantee this right, although there is some variance across the country as both federal and state laws apply to firearm possession and ownership.
	Firearm ownership in the United States is by right and does not require licensure or proof of need. Federally, there is no minimum age to possess long guns; 18 is the minimum age to possess handguns. To purchase from a licensed dealer, one must be 18 for long guns and 21 for handguns. The respective age requirements apply to purchasing ammunition from a dealer, retail store or online.		Firearm ownership in the United States is by right and does not require licensure or proof of need. Federally, there is a minimum age of 18 to possess a handgun, with no minimum age for long guns.<ref name="juvenile-possession">{{UnitedStatesCodeSub|18|922|x|2}}</ref> To purchase from a licensed dealer, one must be 18 for long guns and 21 for handguns.<ref name="dealer-min-age">{{UnitedStatesCodeSub|18|922|b|1}}</ref> The respective age requirements apply to purchasing ammunition from a dealer, retail store or online.
	Federally, new firearms must be transferred by a federally licensed dealer (FFL) with form 4473 and background check. Used firearms transferred interstate must also go through an FFL. Intrastate private party sales are not required to use an FFL under federal law, but many states require FFLs to conduct private party transfers.		Federally, new firearms must be transferred by a federally licensed dealer (FFL) with form 4473 and background check. Used firearms transferred interstate must also go through an FFL. Intrastate private party sales are not required to use an FFL under federal law, but many states require FFLs to conduct private party transfers.
	Federal law does not limit the number of firearms or quantity of ammunition and reloading supplies a private citizen may keep.		Federal law does not limit the number of firearms or quantity of ammunition and reloading supplies a private citizen may keep.
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	Federal law designates two classes of firearms in the United States:		Federal law designates two classes of firearms in the United States:
	Title I, GCA firearms: This includes all handguns, rifles with at least 16" barrel and 26" overall length, Shotguns with at least 18" barrel and 26" overall length, other firearms with an overall length of 26" or more which are neither handgun nor long gun. Sporting arms over .50 caliber are title I; non-sporting arms over .50 caliber fall into the Title II category below.		Title I, GCA firearms: This includes all handguns, rifles with at least 16" barrel and 26" overall length, Shotguns with at least 18" barrel and 26" overall length, other firearms with an overall length of 26" or more which are neither handgun nor long gun. Sporting arms over .50 caliber are title I; non-sporting arms over .50 caliber fall into the Title II category below.
	Title II, NFA Firearms. NFA firearms include:		Title II, NFA Firearms. NFA firearms include:
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	* Destructive Devices (Non-sporting weapons over .50 caliber, anything with more than 1/4 ounce explosives content)		* Destructive Devices (Non-sporting weapons over .50 caliber, anything with more than 1/4 ounce explosives content)
	* Any Other Weapon (generally, firearms which do not look like firearms or which would be a smoothbore "other firearm" except that its overall length is too short)		* Any Other Weapon (generally, firearms which do not look like firearms or which would be a smoothbore "other firearm" except that its overall length is too short)
	* Silencers (suppressors; any device designed or redesigned and intended to reduce the report of a gunshot). Sound suppressors which are permanently attached to a non-firearm (e.g. air rifle, muzzle-loader) are not considered firearm silencers and are not regulated.		* Silencers (suppressors; any device designed or redesigned and intended to reduce the report of a gunshot). Sound suppressors which are permanently attached to a non-firearm (e.g. air rifle, muzzle-loader) are not considered firearm silencers and are not regulated.
	Non-prohibited persons over 21 years of age may own NFA firearms in most states, though some states prohibit some or all of this class. NFA firearms must be registered and go through a manufacturing or transfer approval by ATF before the individual may make or take possession of the weapon. This process can take months, sometimes even years. It requires fingerprinting, photo ID and a tax of $200 per application (per weapon). There is no lawful way to make or transfer an NFA firearm without going through this process.		Non-prohibited persons over 21 years of age may own NFA firearms in most states, though some states prohibit some or all of this class. NFA firearms must be registered and go through a manufacturing or transfer approval by ATF before the individual may make or take possession of the weapon. This process can take months, sometimes even years. It requires fingerprinting, photo ID and a tax of $200 per application (per weapon).
	Fully-automatic firearms ( machine guns) are heavily restricted and can only be owned by private citizens if manufactured and registered before May 18, 1986. unless an individual is to obtain status as an SOT "Special Occupational Taxpayer" as a FFL "Federal Firearms License" holder. Since civilians without SOT status are only allowed to own machine guns manufactured before 1986, the finite supply has caused the market value of pre-1986 transferable automatic weapons to be 20 to 50 times that of their semiautomatic counterparts (2022 ex.,$500-$800 for a basic AR-15, $20,000-$25,000 for an M-16)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rocketffl.com/who-can-own-a-full-auto-machine-gun/|title=Who Can Own a Full-Auto Machine Gun?|date=2 January 2021|website=RocketFFL}}</ref>		Fully-automatic firearms (machine guns) are heavily restricted and can only be owned by private citizens if manufactured and registered before 18 May 1986. unless an individual is to obtain status as an SOT "Special Occupational Taxpayer" as a FFL "Federal Firearms License" holder. Since civilians without SOT status are only allowed to own machine guns manufactured before 1986, the finite supply has caused the market value of pre-1986 transferable automatic weapons to be 20 to 50 times that of their semiautomatic counterparts (2022 ex.,$500–$800 for a basic AR-15, $20,000-$25,000 for an M-16)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rocketffl.com/who-can-own-a-full-auto-machine-gun/|title=Who Can Own a Full-Auto Machine Gun?|date=2 January 2021|website=RocketFFL}}</ref>
	Law varies greatly from state to state, both in its scope and in its range.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/us-news-blog/2013/jan/16/gun-laws-need-to-know|title=Gun laws in the US: seven things you need to know about the data|date=16 January 2013|website=The Guardian}}</ref>		Law varies greatly from state to state, both in its scope and in its range.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/us-news-blog/2013/jan/16/gun-laws-need-to-know|title=Gun laws in the US: seven things you need to know about the data|date=16 January 2013|website=The Guardian}}</ref>
	Pursuant to {{UnitedStatesCode|18|922}} – Unlawful Acts, persons are prohibited from possessing firearms or ammunition if:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.atf.gov/files/forms/download/atf-f-4473-1.pdf |title=Firearms Transaction Record |website=www.atf.gov |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215165624/https://www.atf.gov/files/forms/download/atf-f-4473-1.pdf |archive-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>		Pursuant to {{UnitedStatesCode|18|922}} – Unlawful Acts, persons are prohibited from possessing firearms or ammunition if:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.atf.gov/files/forms/download/atf-f-4473-1.pdf |title=Firearms Transaction Record |website=www.atf.gov |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215165624/https://www.atf.gov/files/forms/download/atf-f-4473-1.pdf |archive-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
	* they have been convicted of a felony, or any other crime for which they could have been sentenced to more than a year in prison, or are under indictment for such		* They have been convicted of a felony, or any other crime for which they could have been sentenced to more than a year in prison, or are under indictment for such
	* they are a fugitive from justice		* They are a fugitive from justice
	* they have been convicted of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence		* They have been convicted of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence
	* they are an unlawful user of, or addicted to, any illegal controlled substance		* They are an unlawful user of, or addicted to, any illegal controlled substance
	* they have been adjudicated mentally defective		* They have been adjudicated mentally defective
	* they have been discharged from the Armed Forces under dishonorable conditions		* They have been discharged from the Armed Forces under dishonorable conditions
	* they have renounced their United States citizenship		* They have renounced their United States citizenship
	The carrying of weapons, either ] or ], is regulated by the states, and these laws have changed rapidly beginning in the latter part of the 20th century. Some states allow residents to carry ], while others only allow the public carry of firearms upon issuance of a permit or license. Under the ], current and former law enforcement officers can carry anywhere (except private property where they are subject to the rules of the owner and gun-free public places like schools) as long as they carry a photo identification from their agency and have completed yearly training from said agency.		The carrying of weapons, either ] or ], is regulated by the states, and these laws have changed rapidly beginning in the latter part of the 20th century. Some states allow residents to carry ], while others only allow the public carry of firearms upon issuance of a permit or license. Under the ], current and former law enforcement officers can carry anywhere (except private property where they are subject to the rules of the owner and gun-free public places like schools) as long as they carry a photo identification from their agency and have completed yearly training from said agency.
	Federal law provides protection for travellers who may find themselves going through states with more restrictive gun laws than their origin or destination. As long as the weapons are transported in accordance with ] and the weapon(s) are legally owned and not prohibited in the origin or destination(s), the travellers are immune from prosecution.		Federal law provides protection for travellers who may find themselves going through states with more restrictive gun laws than their origin or destination. As long as the weapons are transported in accordance with ] and the weapon(s) are legally owned and not prohibited in the origin or destination(s), the travellers are immune from prosecution.
	Being engaged in the business of importing firearms, dealing firearms, gunsmithing or manufacturing arms requires licensure in the United States. There are multiple license types, depending on the nature of the business, and some licenses have additional requirements, such as registration with Directorate of Defense Trade Controls.		Being engaged in the business of importing firearms, dealing firearms, gunsmithing or manufacturing arms requires licensure in the United States. There are multiple license types, depending on the nature of the business, and some licenses have additional requirements, such as registration with Directorate of Defense Trade Controls.
	Private citizens in the United States may manufacture weapons for personal use without any government approval or registration for Title I GCA firearms (NFA rules still apply to home made weapons). However, it becomes unlawful to manufacture without a license if the intent is to distribute.		Private citizens in the United States may manufacture weapons for personal use without government approval or registration for Title I GCA firearms (NFA rules still apply to home made weapons). It becomes unlawful to manufacture without a license if the intent is to distribute.
	The United States federal government is prohibited by law from maintaining a registry of firearms owners, although the NFA registry which predated this prohibition has been exempted. Some states do have registration.		The United States federal government is prohibited by law from maintaining a registry of firearms owners, although the NFA registry which predated this prohibition has been exempted. Some states do have registration.
	=== Uruguay ===		=== Uruguay ===
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	During the dictatorship of ], in 1914, a disarmament decree in the ] was enacted, and later in 1919, a disarmament law was decreed, ordering every weapon owner to give them away to the authorities; the only exceptions were ]s and hunting shotguns. The official justification offered was to diminish crime, but the law was ultimately used to disarm the population and to prevent possible uprisings.<ref>{{Cite web|title=1914 - Cronología de historia de Venezuela|url=https://bibliofep.fundacionempresaspolar.org/_custom/static/cronologia_hv/zoom/s20/1914-8.html|access-date=2021-06-11|website=Fundación Polar|language=es}}</ref> Historian ] argued that while Gómez's final intention was to prevent his enemies from obtaining weapons, the law contributed to avoid civil wars in Venezuela for the next century.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Manuel|first=Caballero|title=La peste militar: escritos polémicos 1992-2007|publisher=Alfa|year=2007|isbn=9789803542344|location=Caracas|pages=180|language=Spanish|author-link=Manuel Caballero}}</ref>		During the dictatorship of ], in 1914, a disarmament decree in the ] was enacted, and later in 1919, a disarmament law was decreed, ordering every weapon owner to give them away to the authorities; the only exceptions were ]s and hunting shotguns. The official justification offered was to diminish crime, but the law was ultimately used to disarm the population and to prevent possible uprisings.<ref>{{Cite web|title=1914 - Cronología de historia de Venezuela|url=https://bibliofep.fundacionempresaspolar.org/_custom/static/cronologia_hv/zoom/s20/1914-8.html|access-date=2021-06-11|website=Fundación Polar|language=es}}</ref> Historian ] argued that while Gómez's final intention was to prevent his enemies from obtaining weapons, the law contributed to avoid civil wars in Venezuela for the next century.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Manuel|first=Caballero|title=La peste militar: escritos polémicos 1992-2007|publisher=Alfa|year=2007|isbn=9789803542344|location=Caracas|pages=180|language=Spanish|author-link=Manuel Caballero}}</ref>
	In 2012 Venezuela banned private sales of firearms and ammunition hoping to lower crime rates. The Army, police, and certain groups trusted by the government (]) are exempted from the ban and can buy firearms from state-owned manufacturers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-18288430|title=Venezuela bans private gun ownership|date=1 June 2012}}</ref> In 2013 Venezuela stopped issuing new firearm licenses.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/Latin-America-Monitor/2013/0807/Gun-control-Can-Venezuela-regulate-the-flow-of-arms|title=Gun control: Can Venezuela regulate the flow of arms?|journal=Christian Science Monitor|date=7 August 2013}}</ref> In 2017 government banned carrying firearms in public places.<ref name=vez/>		In 2012 Venezuela banned private sales of firearms and ammunition hoping to lower crime rates. The Army, police, and certain groups trusted by the government (]) are exempted from the ban and can buy firearms from state-owned manufacturers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-18288430|title=Venezuela bans private gun ownership|date=1 June 2012}}</ref> In 2013 Venezuela stopped issuing new firearm licenses.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/Latin-America-Monitor/2013/0807/Gun-control-Can-Venezuela-regulate-the-flow-of-arms|title=Gun control: Can Venezuela regulate the flow of arms?|journal=Christian Science Monitor|date=7 August 2013}}</ref> In 2017 government banned carrying firearms in public places.<ref name="vez">{{cite web|url=https://www.panamatoday.com/international/venezuelan-government-bans-carrying-firearms-180-days-4240|title=Venezuelan government bans carrying firearms for 180 days|date=2 May 2017|access-date=13 October 2019|archive-date=13 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013100733/https://www.panamatoday.com/international/venezuelan-government-bans-carrying-firearms-180-days-4240|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	==Asia==		==Asia==
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	===Brunei===		===Brunei===
	Firearms are prohibited for citizens. Military and police personnel may apply for a licence to keep a private firearm by establishing a genuine reason, such as sport shooting or gun collecting.<ref>{{cite web |title=Guns in Brunei Darussalam |publisher=Minister of the People's Power for Interior Relations and Justice |website=GunPolicy.org|url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/brunei }}</ref>		Firearms are prohibited for citizens. Military and police personnel may apply for a licence to keep a private firearm by establishing a genuine reason, such as sport shooting or gun collecting.<ref>{{cite web |title=Guns in Brunei Darussalam |publisher=Minister of the People's Power for Interior Relations and Justice |website=GunPolicy.org |url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/brunei |access-date=14 June 2023 |archive-date=15 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615210720/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/brunei |url-status=dead }}</ref>
	===Cambodia===		===Cambodia===
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	{{main|Gun control in China}}		{{main|Gun control in China}}
	Gun ownership in the ] (PRC) is regulated by law. Generally, private citizens are not allowed to possess guns. Civilian ownership of guns is largely restricted to authorized, non-individual entities, including sporting organizations, authorized hunting reserves, and wildlife protection, management and research organizations. The chief exception to the general ban on individual firearm ownership is for the purpose of hunting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sd.xinhuanet.com/qdzfw/2006-03/02/content_6359961.htm|title=中华人民共和国枪支管理法 (Firearm Administration Law of the People's Republic of China)|publisher=Sd.xinhuanet.com|access-date=18 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501164353/http://www.sd.xinhuanet.com/qdzfw/2006-03/02/content_6359961.htm|archive-date=1 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nre.cn/htm/04/flfg/2004-03-25-10816.htm|title=中华人民共和国猎枪弹具管理办法 (Hunting Firearm, Ammunition and Equipment Administration Regulation of the People's Republic of China)|publisher=Nre.cn|access-date=18 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094243/http://www.nre.cn/htm/04/flfg/2004-03-25-10816.htm|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>		Gun ownership in the ] (PRC) is regulated by law. Generally, private citizens are not allowed to possess guns. Civilian ownership of guns is largely restricted to authorized, non-individual entities, including sporting organizations, authorized hunting reserves, and wildlife protection, management and research organizations. The chief exception to the general ban on individual firearm ownership is for the purpose of hunting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sd.xinhuanet.com/qdzfw/2006-03/02/content_6359961.htm|title=中华人民共和国枪支管理法 (Firearm Administration Law of the People's Republic of China)|publisher=Sd.xinhuanet.com|access-date=18 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501164353/http://www.sd.xinhuanet.com/qdzfw/2006-03/02/content_6359961.htm|archive-date=1 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nre.cn/htm/04/flfg/2004-03-25-10816.htm|title=中华人民共和国猎枪弹具管理办法 (Hunting Firearm, Ammunition and Equipment Administration Regulation of the People's Republic of China)|publisher=Nre.cn|access-date=18 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094243/http://www.nre.cn/htm/04/flfg/2004-03-25-10816.htm|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	Illegal possession or sale of firearms may result in a minimum punishment of three years in prison,<ref name="Chinadaily.com.cn">{{cite web |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2007-04/21/content_856308.htm |title=China Reiterates Stance on Gun Control|publisher=Chinadaily.com.cn|access-date=18 February 2015}}</ref> and penalties for the trafficking of "arms and ammunition or other military materials to an enemy during war time" include life imprisonment.<ref>{{cite web |title=Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China |quote=arms and ammunition or other military materials to an enemy during war time |website=fmprc.gov.cn |access-date=13 October 2019|url=https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/5375/108071/F-78796243/CHN5375%20Eng3.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221228092950/https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/5375/108071/F-78796243/CHN5375%20Eng3.pdf|archive-date=December 28, 2022}}</ref>		Illegal possession or sale of firearms may result in a minimum punishment of three years in prison,<ref name="Chinadaily.com.cn">{{cite web |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2007-04/21/content_856308.htm |title=China Reiterates Stance on Gun Control|publisher=Chinadaily.com.cn|access-date=18 February 2015}}</ref> and penalties for the trafficking of "arms and ammunition or other military materials to an enemy during war time" include life imprisonment.<ref>{{cite web |title=Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China |quote=arms and ammunition or other military materials to an enemy during war time |website=fmprc.gov.cn |access-date=13 October 2019|url=https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/5375/108071/F-78796243/CHN5375%20Eng3.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221228092950/https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/5375/108071/F-78796243/CHN5375%20Eng3.pdf|archive-date=28 December 2022}}</ref>
	====Hong Kong and Macau====		====Hong Kong and Macau====
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	===East Timor===		===East Timor===
	{{more citations needed section|date=January 2015}}		{{more citations needed section|date=January 2015}}
	Under ]ese law, only the military and police forces may possess, carry and use firearms, with few exceptions.<ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Timor-Leste — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>		Under ]ese law, only the military and police forces may possess, carry and use firearms, with few exceptions.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200404/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/timor-leste |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Timor-Leste — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>
	In late June 2008, the ], ], introduced a proposed gun law to Parliament for "urgent debate", pushing back scheduled budgetary discussions. The new law, which would allow civilians to own guns, sparked heated debates in the East Timorese parliament. The ], which has a peacekeeping force deployed in the nation, also expressed concerns over the new law. The law was defeated in the Parliament.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.easttimorlawandjusticebulletin.com/2008/06/new-gun-laws-in-east-timor-defeated-in.html|title=New gun laws in East Timor defeated in Parliament|date=27 June 2008}}</ref>		In late June 2008, the ], ], introduced a proposed gun law to Parliament for "urgent debate", pushing back scheduled budgetary discussions. The new law, which would allow civilians to own guns, sparked heated debates in the East Timorese parliament. The ], which has a peacekeeping force deployed in the nation, also expressed concerns over the new law. The law was defeated in the Parliament.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.easttimorlawandjusticebulletin.com/2008/06/new-gun-laws-in-east-timor-defeated-in.html|title=New gun laws in East Timor defeated in Parliament|date=27 June 2008}}</ref>
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	In ], gun licenses are only issued to civilians employed in a profession that involves using firearms, such as in the military and law enforcement, with an exception made for politicians and businessmen.		In ], gun licenses are only issued to civilians employed in a profession that involves using firearms, such as in the military and law enforcement, with an exception made for politicians and businessmen.
	Applicants must be over the age of 21 to obtain a firearms license, and go through a background check and mental evaluation. They must also state a genuine reason for wanting to own a firearm, which can include hunting, target shooting, collecting, security, and self-defense. All firearms must be registered. Gun permits are valid for five years and may be renewed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/indonesia |title=Guns in Indonesia – Firearms, gun law and gun control |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-07-21 |access-date=2016-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713083107/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/indonesia|archive-date=July 13, 2023}}</ref>		Applicants must be over the age of 21 to obtain a firearms license, and go through a background check and mental evaluation. They must also state a genuine reason for wanting to own a firearm, which can include hunting, target shooting, collecting, security, and self-defense. All firearms must be registered. Gun permits are valid for five years and may be renewed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/indonesia |title=Guns in Indonesia – Firearms, gun law and gun control |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-07-21 |access-date=2016-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713083107/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/indonesia|archive-date=13 July 2023}}</ref> Illegal gun ownership can be punished from a maximum of 20 years in prison to ] and ] as per the provisions of Emergency Act no. 12, 1951.<ref>{{Cite web|last=WebAdm_LK2FHUI|date=2013-10-02|title=Pembatasan Kepemilikan Senjata Api oleh Masyarakat Sipil dalam Perspektif Hukum dan Sanksi Pidana atas Penyalahgunaannya|url=https://lk2fhui.law.ui.ac.id/pembatasan-kepemilikan-senjata-api-oleh-masyarakat-sipil-dalam-perspektif-hukum-dan-sanksi-pidana-atas-penyalahgunaannya/|website=LK2 FHUI|language=id|access-date=2024-05-16}}</ref>
	Civilians cannot possess military weapons, but may possess long rifles. Handguns can only be used for sport-shooting and hunting. In 2012 however, it was claimed that police had been issuing permits to regular citizens.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/archive/indonesias-police-wont-stop-issuing-civilian-gun-permits/ |title=Indonesia's Police Won't Stop Issuing Civilian Gun Permits &#124; Jakarta Globe |website=Jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com |date=2012-05-07 |access-date=2016-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004032640/http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/archive/indonesias-police-wont-stop-issuing-civilian-gun-permits/ |archive-date=4 October 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>		Civilians cannot possess military weapons, but may possess long rifles. Handguns can only be used for sport-shooting and hunting. In 2012 however, it was claimed that police had been issuing permits to regular citizens.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/archive/indonesias-police-wont-stop-issuing-civilian-gun-permits/ |title=Indonesia's Police Won't Stop Issuing Civilian Gun Permits &#124; Jakarta Globe |website=Jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com |date=2012-05-07 |access-date=2016-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004032640/http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/archive/indonesias-police-wont-stop-issuing-civilian-gun-permits/ |archive-date=4 October 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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	=== Iran ===		=== Iran ===
	There are 200.000 rifles registered for Nomads.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.khabaronline.ir/news/584570/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%DB%8C-%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B0-%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B6%D9%87-%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1 | title=ساماندهی ۲۰۰ هزار قبضه سلاح عشایر کشور | date=29 September 2016 }}</ref>		There are 200.000 rifles registered for Nomads.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.khabaronline.ir/news/584570/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%DB%8C-%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B0-%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B6%D9%87-%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1 | title=ساماندهی ۲۰۰ هزار قبضه سلاح عشایر کشور | date=29 September 2016 }}</ref>
	Iranian law had changed in 2021–22 with military, security and police having permit to access firearms use them preemptively.<ref>{{Cite news |title=تغییر در قانون اسلحه در ایران؛ "هر ماموری که مجوز سلاح دارد مجاز به استفاده از آن می‌شود" |language=fa |work=BBC News فارسی |url=https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran-61760207 |access-date=2022-06-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=تصویب لایحه اصلاح قانون به‌کارگیری سلاح توسط نیروهای مسلح در کمیسیون امنیت ملی مجلس- اخبار مجلس و دولت ایران - اخبار سیاسی تسنیم {{!}} Tasnim |url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1401/03/23/2727951/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A8-%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AD%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7-%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3 |access-date=2022-06-17 |website=خبرگزاری تسنیم {{!}} Tasnim |language=fa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=مجلس و دولت ‌قوانین حمل و استفاده از سلاح را اصلاح کردند/لایحه به زودی در دستورکار مجلس قرار می‌گیرد- اخبار مجلس و دولت ایران - اخبار سیاسی تسنیم {{!}} Tasnim |url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1401/03/17/2722839/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%88-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA-%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84-%D9%88-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AF-%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AD%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%DB%8C-%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%AF |access-date=2022-06-17 |website=خبرگزاری تسنیم {{!}} Tasnim |language=fa}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=تغییر قانون استفاده از سلاح؛ سرکوبگر راحت‌تر شلیک کند؟ |date=12 June 2022 |url=https://www.radiofarda.com/a/31893926.html |language=fa |access-date=2022-06-17}}</ref> Airguns, airsoft guns and hunting rifles were criminalized September 2023.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022164128/https://www.etemadonline.com/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C-23/632520-%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C-%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85|date=October 22, 2023}}</ref>		Iranian law had changed in 2021–22 with military, security and police having permit to access firearms use them preemptively.<ref>{{Cite news |title=تغییر در قانون اسلحه در ایران؛ "هر ماموری که مجوز سلاح دارد مجاز به استفاده از آن می‌شود" |url=https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran-61760207 |access-date=2022-06-17 |work=] |language=fa}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=تغییر قانون استفاده از سلاح؛ سرکوبگر راحت‌تر شلیک کند؟ |date=12 June 2022 |url=https://www.radiofarda.com/a/31893926.html |language=fa |access-date=2022-06-17}}</ref> Airguns, airsoft guns and hunting rifles were criminalized September 2023.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022164128/https://www.etemadonline.com/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C-23/632520-%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C-%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85|date=22 October 2023}}</ref>
	===Iraq===		===Iraq===
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	Gun laws in ] are comprehensive despite soldiers being allowed to carry their service weapons on or off duty. Civilians must obtain a firearms license to lawfully acquire, possess, sell or transfer firearms and ammunition. In 2018, Israel loosened firearms restrictions, allowing all citizens who had undergone combat training and qualified in Advanced Infantry Training ('Rifleman "07"') to apply for a private handgun license.<ref> Tzvi Lev, 08/07/18 15:57, Arutz 7</ref>		Gun laws in ] are comprehensive despite soldiers being allowed to carry their service weapons on or off duty. Civilians must obtain a firearms license to lawfully acquire, possess, sell or transfer firearms and ammunition. In 2018, Israel loosened firearms restrictions, allowing all citizens who had undergone combat training and qualified in Advanced Infantry Training ('Rifleman "07"') to apply for a private handgun license.<ref> Tzvi Lev, 08/07/18 15:57, Arutz 7</ref>
	Prior to 2018, only a small group of people had been eligible for firearms licenses: certain retired military personnel, police officers or prison guards; residents of settlements (in the ]) or those who often work in such towns; and licensed hunters and animal-control officers. Age requirements vary: 21 for those who completed military service or civil service equivalent, 27 otherwise, and 45 for non-citizens. Firearm license applicants must have been a resident of Israel for at least three consecutive years, pass a background check (criminal, health, and mental history), establish a so-called "genuine reason" for possessing a firearm (such as self-defense, hunting, or sport), and pass a weapons-training course.<ref name="Israel">{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/israel|title=Guns in Israel – Firearms, gun law and gun control|author=Philip Alpers|access-date=3 May 2015}}</ref> As many as 40% of applications for firearms permits were rejected.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2012/12/28/israeli-gun-laws-are-much-stricter-than-some-u-s-gun-advocates-suggest/|title=Israeli gun laws are much stricter than some U.S. gun advocates suggest|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=7 July 2017|date=28 December 2012|first=Max|last=Fisher}}</ref>		Prior to 2018, only a small group of people had been eligible for firearms licenses: certain retired military personnel, police officers or prison guards; Israeli residents of the occupied ] or those who often work there; and licensed hunters and animal-control officers. Age requirements vary: 21 for those who completed military service or civil service equivalent, 27 otherwise, and 45 for non-citizens. Firearm license applicants must have been a resident of Israel for at least three consecutive years, pass a background check (criminal, health, and mental history), establish a so-called "genuine reason" for possessing a firearm (such as self-defense, hunting, or sport), and pass a weapons-training course.<ref name="Israel">{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/israel|title=Guns in Israel – Firearms, gun law and gun control|author=Philip Alpers|access-date=3 May 2015|archive-date=25 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200825165658/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/israel|url-status=dead}}</ref> As many as 40% of applications for firearms permits were rejected.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2012/12/28/israeli-gun-laws-are-much-stricter-than-some-u-s-gun-advocates-suggest/|title=Israeli gun laws are much stricter than some U.S. gun advocates suggest|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=7 July 2017|date=28 December 2012|first=Max|last=Fisher}}</ref>
	Those holding firearms licenses must renew them and pass a shooting course every three years. Security guards must pass these tests to renew their license to carry firearms belonging to their employers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/Knesset-tightens-gun-control-with-no-opposition-368584|title=Knesset tightens gun control with no opposition|work=The Jerusalem Post |access-date=7 July 2017|date=23 July 2014|first=Lahav|last=Harkov}}</ref> Applicants must demonstrate that they have a safe at their residence in which to keep the firearm. Permits are given only for personal use, and holders for self-defense purposes may own only one handgun and purchase an annual supply of 50 cartridges (although more may be purchased to replace rounds used at a firing range).<ref name="opposite">{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/national-news/israeli-gun-control-regulations-opposite-of-us|title=Israeli gun control regulations 'opposite of US'|work=The Jerusalem Post |access-date=7 July 2017|date=18 December 2012|first=Ben|last=Hartman}}</ref>		Those holding firearms licenses must renew them and pass a shooting course every three years. Security guards must pass these tests to renew their license to carry firearms belonging to their employers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/Knesset-tightens-gun-control-with-no-opposition-368584|title=Knesset tightens gun control with no opposition|work=The Jerusalem Post |access-date=7 July 2017|date=23 July 2014|first=Lahav|last=Harkov}}</ref> Applicants must demonstrate that they have a safe at their residence in which to keep the firearm. Permits are given only for personal use, and holders for self-defense purposes may own only one handgun and purchase an annual supply of 50 cartridges (although more may be purchased to replace rounds used at a firing range).<ref name="opposite">{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/national-news/israeli-gun-control-regulations-opposite-of-us|title=Israeli gun control regulations 'opposite of US'|work=The Jerusalem Post |access-date=7 July 2017|date=18 December 2012|first=Ben|last=Hartman}}</ref>
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	==== 2023 Israel–Hamas war ====		==== 2023 Israel–Hamas war ====
	Following the outbreak of the ] on October 7, 2023, Israel almost immediately reacted strongly in favor of loosening gun restrictions in favor of a more liberal access for Israeli civilians to have firearms to defend themselves and their communities. The Israeli government also called on civilians that did find a way to arm themselves to band together and form protective groups in light of the attack initiated out of ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Erb |first=Jordan Parker |title=Israeli officials are calling on armed civilians to stand guard following Hamas attacks |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-calls-on-armed-civilians-stand-guard-after-hamas-attack-2023-10 |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> '']'' reported, "The reform was unveiled by Public Security Minister ], who has pushed for allowing more Israelis to arm themselves as a response to terror attacks."<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Bachner |first=Michael |title=Hundreds of thousands more Israelis okayed to carry guns under new rules |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/hundreds-of-thousands-more-israelis-okayed-to-carry-guns-under-new-rules/ |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=The Times of Israel |date=20 August 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref> Left-wing party ] opposed the changes, with party member ] saying in a statement, "... are a death machine whose civilian use needs to be reduced as much as possible...", Erdan in turn argued that, "Qualified citizens carrying firearms in public contribute to the sense of security, are an important line of defense from ‘]’ attacks and thus strengthen public security.", and "Many citizens have saved lives during terror attacks, and in the era of ‘lone-wolf’ attacks, the more qualified gun-carrying citizens there are — the better the chance to thwart terror attacks without casualties and reduce the number of casualties."<ref name=":4" />		Following the outbreak of the ] on 7 October 2023, Israel almost immediately reacted strongly in favor of loosening gun restrictions in favor of a more liberal access for Israeli civilians to have firearms to defend themselves and their communities. The Israeli government also called on civilians that did find a way to arm themselves to band together and form protective groups in light of the attack initiated out of ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Erb |first=Jordan Parker |title=Israeli officials are calling on armed civilians to stand guard following Hamas attacks |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-calls-on-armed-civilians-stand-guard-after-hamas-attack-2023-10 |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> '']'' reported, "The reform was unveiled by Public Security Minister ], who has pushed for allowing more Israelis to arm themselves as a response to terror attacks."<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Bachner |first=Michael |title=Hundreds of thousands more Israelis okayed to carry guns under new rules |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/hundreds-of-thousands-more-israelis-okayed-to-carry-guns-under-new-rules/ |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=The Times of Israel |date=20 August 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref> Left-wing party ] opposed the changes, with party member ] saying in a statement, "... are a death machine whose civilian use needs to be reduced as much as possible...", Erdan in turn argued that, "Qualified citizens carrying firearms in public contribute to the sense of security, are an important line of defense from ‘]’ attacks and thus strengthen public security.", and "Many citizens have saved lives during terror attacks, and in the era of ‘lone-wolf’ attacks, the more qualified gun-carrying citizens there are — the better the chance to thwart terror attacks without casualties and reduce the number of casualties."<ref name=":4" />
	National Security Minister ] was quoted in a report from ] as saying:<blockquote>When civilians have guns, they can defend themselves.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Halon |first=Yael |date=2023-10-11 |title=Israelis pressure government to loosen restrictive gun laws amid Hamas war: It's a 'pity' it came to this |url=https://www.foxnews.com/media/israelis-pressure-government-loosen-gun-laws-amid-hamas-war-pity-came |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Fox News |language=en-US}}</ref></blockquote>Ben-Gvir issued an emergency directive after the attack to loosen gun restrictions for Israeli civilians in several ways, however, reportedly the comments section on the social media site ] (formerly Twitter) had many people saying that this was, "too little too late."<ref name=":5" />		National Security Minister ] was quoted in a report from ] as saying:<blockquote>When civilians have guns, they can defend themselves.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Halon |first=Yael |date=2023-10-11 |title=Israelis pressure government to loosen restrictive gun laws amid Hamas war: It's a 'pity' it came to this |url=https://www.foxnews.com/media/israelis-pressure-government-loosen-gun-laws-amid-hamas-war-pity-came |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Fox News |language=en-US}}</ref></blockquote>Ben-Gvir issued an emergency directive after the attack to loosen gun restrictions for Israeli civilians in several ways, however, reportedly the comments section on the social media site ] (formerly Twitter) had many people saying that this was, "too little too late."<ref name=":5" />
	American and international media outlets reacted largely critical of Israel's historically strict gun laws that potentially served to endanger Israelis by leaving them defenseless<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fung |first=Katherine |date=2023-10-09 |title=Israel festival-goers "defenseless" after gun ban |url=https://www.newsweek.com/israel-festival-goers-defenseless-after-gun-ban-1833082 |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> in many cases as the surprise attack unfolded.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tuccille |first=J. D. |date=2023-10-13 |title=Israel eases guns restrictions amidst security failures |url=https://reason.com/2023/10/13/israel-eases-guns-restrictions-amidst-security-failures/ |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Reason.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Only 2% of Israeli civilians were armed prior to the attack according to a report from the ], compared to as little as 30% of American civilians (though that number may be much higher due to gunowners that do not report accurately).<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-03-30 |title=Israeli gun ownership rising as violence surges |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-65110881 |access-date=2023-10-15}}</ref>		American and international media outlets reacted largely critical of Israel's historically strict gun laws that potentially served to endanger Israelis by leaving them defenseless<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fung |first=Katherine |date=2023-10-09 |title=Israel festival-goers "defenseless" after gun ban |url=https://www.newsweek.com/israel-festival-goers-defenseless-after-gun-ban-1833082 |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> in many cases as the surprise attack unfolded.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tuccille |first=J. D. |date=2023-10-13 |title=Israel eases guns restrictions amidst security failures |url=https://reason.com/2023/10/13/israel-eases-guns-restrictions-amidst-security-failures/ |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Reason.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Only 2% of Israeli civilians were armed prior to the attack according to a report from the ], compared to as little as 30% of American civilians (though that number may be much higher due to gunowners that do not report accurately).<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-03-30 |title=Israeli gun ownership rising as violence surges |language=en-GB |work=] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-65110881 |access-date=2023-10-15}}</ref>
	A ] in Israel named Raz Blizovsky was quoted as saying:<blockquote>People are changing their opinion , and now there is more awareness. I have been involved with groups that have been talking about this issue for years. During calm times, people don't do anything.<ref name=":5" /></blockquote>Israel citizens also petitioned their government by the tens of thousands<ref name=":5" /> to further loosen gun laws for Israeli and Jewish civilians in light of the prior laws that made it very difficult to acquire guns and possess the means for Israeli civilians to defend themselves.<ref name=":5" /> One petition gathered as many as 22,000 signatures in less than 24 hours seeking to loosen restrictions on Israeli civilians buying and carrying firearms.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fiske |first=Gavriel |title=As Hamas war rages, personal firearm activists see surge in interest |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/as-hamas-war-rages-personal-firearm-activists-see-surge-in-interest/ |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=The Times of Israel |date=9 October 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":5" />		A ] in Israel named Raz Blizovsky was quoted as saying:<blockquote>People are changing their opinion , and now there is more awareness. I have been involved with groups that have been talking about this issue for years. During calm times, people don't do anything.<ref name=":5" /></blockquote>Israel citizens also petitioned their government by the tens of thousands<ref name=":5" /> to further loosen gun laws for Israeli and Jewish civilians in light of the prior laws that made it very difficult to acquire guns and possess the means for Israeli civilians to defend themselves.<ref name=":5" /> One petition gathered as many as 22,000 signatures in less than 24 hours seeking to loosen restrictions on Israeli civilians buying and carrying firearms.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fiske |first=Gavriel |title=As Hamas war rages, personal firearm activists see surge in interest |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/as-hamas-war-rages-personal-firearm-activists-see-surge-in-interest/ |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=The Times of Israel |date=9 October 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":5" />
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	{{see also|Haitōrei Edict|Firearm and Sword Possession Control Law}}		{{see also|Haitōrei Edict|Firearm and Sword Possession Control Law}}
	The weapons law of ] begins by stating "No one shall possess a firearm or firearms or a sword or swords", and very few exceptions are allowed.<ref name="isbn0-415-17086-9">"Law Controlling Possession, Etc. of Fire-Arms and Swords" (1978), Law No 6, Art 3, EHS Law Bulletin Series, No 3920.</ref>		The weapons law of ] begins by stating "No one shall possess a firearm or firearms or a sword or swords", and very few exceptions are allowed.<ref name="isbn0-415-17086-9">"Law Controlling Possession, Etc. of Fire-Arms and Swords" (1978), Law No 6, Art 3, EHS Law Bulletin Series, No 3920.</ref>
	Citizens are permitted to possess firearms for hunting and sport shooting, but only after submitting to a lengthy licensing procedure.<ref>D Bayley, ''Forces of Order: Police Behavior in Japan and the United States'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976), Art 4, 23.</ref> As part of the procedure, a shooting-range test must be passed with a "mark of at least 95%".<ref name="BBC Japan">{{cite news |last1=Low |first1=Harry |title=How Japan has almost eradicated gun crime |work=BBC News |date=6 January 2017 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38365729 |access-date=13 October 2019}}</ref> A mental-health evaluation taking place at a hospital, and a thorough background check where one's family and friends are interviewed, are also part of the procedure.<ref name="BI Japan" />		Citizens are permitted to possess firearms for hunting and sport shooting, but only after submitting to a lengthy licensing procedure.<ref>D Bayley, ''Forces of Order: Police Behavior in Japan and the United States'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976), Art 4, 23.</ref> As part of the procedure, a shooting-range test must be passed with a "mark of at least 95%".<ref name="BBC Japan">{{cite news |last1=Low |first1=Harry |title=How Japan has almost eradicated gun crime |work=] |date=6 January 2017 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38365729 |access-date=13 October 2019}}</ref> A mental-health evaluation taking place at a hospital, and a thorough background check where one's family and friends are interviewed, are also part of the procedure.<ref name="BI Japan" />
	A gun license expires after three years, after which license tests must be repeated.<ref name= harryLow /> After ten years of shotgun ownership, a license-holder may apply to obtain a rifle.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Umeda|first=Sayuri|title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Japan {{!}} Law Library of Congress|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/japan.php|access-date=2021-02-08|website=www.loc.gov}}</ref>		A gun license expires after three years, after which license tests must be repeated.<ref name= harryLow /> After ten years of shotgun ownership, a license-holder may apply to obtain a rifle.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Umeda|first=Sayuri|title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Japan {{!}} Law Library of Congress|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/japan.php|access-date=2021-02-08|website=www.loc.gov}}</ref>
	Japan has been described as the country with "perhaps the first ever gun buyback initiative" in 1685, and is the first nation to have imposed gun laws in the world;<ref name="BI Japan">{{cite web |last1=Weller |first1=Chris |title=Japan has almost completely eliminated gun deaths – here's how |url=https://www.businessinsider.com.au/gun-control-how-japan-has-almost-completely-eliminated-gun-deaths-2017-10?r=US&IR=T |website=Business Insider |date=7 November 2017 |access-date=13 October 2019}}</ref> as such, gun ownership is very rare: 0.6 guns per 100 people in 2007. When mass killings occur, they are often perpetrated by assailants wielding knives or other means,<ref name="NPR">{{cite news |last1=Kennedy |first1=Merrit |title=Suspected Arson At Anime Studio In Japan Kills At Least 33 People|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/07/18/742981029/japanese-anime-studio-hit-with-suspected-arson-killing-at-least-16 |website=NPR |date=July 18, 2019}}</ref> not guns. In 2014, Japan saw six gun deaths.<ref name="BBC Japan" />		Japan has been described as the country with "perhaps the first ever gun buyback initiative" in 1685, and is the first nation to have imposed gun laws in the world;<ref name="BI Japan">{{cite web |last1=Weller |first1=Chris |title=Japan has almost completely eliminated gun deaths – here's how |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/gun-control-how-japan-has-almost-completely-eliminated-gun-deaths-2017-10?r=US&IR=T |website=Business Insider |date=7 November 2017 |access-date=13 October 2019 |archive-date=30 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130063419/https://www.businessinsider.com.au/gun-control-how-japan-has-almost-completely-eliminated-gun-deaths-2017-10?r=US&IR=T |url-status=live }}</ref> as such, gun ownership is very rare: 0.6 guns per 100 people in 2007. When mass killings occur, they are often perpetrated by assailants wielding knives or other means,<ref name="NPR">{{cite news |last1=Kennedy |first1=Merrit |title=Suspected Arson At Anime Studio In Japan Kills At Least 33 People|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/07/18/742981029/japanese-anime-studio-hit-with-suspected-arson-killing-at-least-16 |website=NPR |date=18 July 2019}}</ref> not guns. In 2014, Japan saw six gun deaths.<ref name="BBC Japan" />
	Each prefecture in the country can operate a total of three gun shops. New cartridges can only be purchased after turning in expended cartridges.<ref name= harryLow /> In turn, new magazines can be bought only by trading in old ones. If a gun owner dies, their relatives must surrender their firearms.<ref name= harryLow >{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38365729|title=How Japan has almost eradicated gun crime|work=BBC News|date=6 January 2017}}</ref> Off-duty police are not allowed to carry weapons, rarely do on-duty apart from special squads, and arrests are generally made without firearms;<ref name="BI Japan" /> instead, police are expected to be proficient in ].<ref name= harryLow />		Each prefecture in the country can operate a total of three gun shops. New cartridges can only be purchased after turning in expended cartridges.<ref name= harryLow /> In turn, new magazines can be bought only by trading in old ones. If a gun owner dies, their relatives must surrender their firearms.<ref name= harryLow >{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38365729|title=How Japan has almost eradicated gun crime|work=]|date=6 January 2017}}</ref> Police officers are expected to be proficient in ] to subdue suspects without firearms;<ref name= harryLow /> police are often armed, but rarely fire their weapons in the course of duty<ref name= associatedPressAbe>{{Cite news|url=https://apnews.com/article/shinzo-abe-shooting-japan-gun-control-0ab2e5afccf89fe71b8d594e4a4ad1cc|title=Japan's tight gun laws add to shock over Abe's assassination|work=]|date=8 July 2022}}</ref> and are not allowed to carry weapons when off-duty.<ref name="BI Japan" />
	===Jordan===		===Jordan===
	According to Jordanian law on gun control passed in 1952 Jordanian residents are allowed to keep rifles and handguns at their home with amount of ammunition necessary for self-defense provided they obtain a permit. Permits are denied for people under 21 and convicted of any crimes. Possession and carrying of automatic firearms require special permit.		According to Jordanian law on gun control passed in 1952 Jordanian residents are allowed to keep rifles and handguns at their home with amount of ammunition necessary for self-defense provided they obtain a permit. Permits are denied for people under 21 and convicted of any crimes. Possession and carrying of automatic firearms require special permit.
	In 2019 law was proposed that would ban both semi- and fully-automatic firearms in Jordan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://themedialine.org/by-region/jordan-pushes-bill-to-limit-purchases-of-firearms/|title=Jordan Pushes Bill to Limit Firearm Ownership|date=3 July 2019}}</ref>		In 2019 a law was proposed that would ban both semi- and fully-automatic firearms in Jordan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://themedialine.org/by-region/jordan-pushes-bill-to-limit-purchases-of-firearms/|title=Jordan Pushes Bill to Limit Firearm Ownership|date=3 July 2019}}</ref>
	===Kuwait===		===Kuwait===
	{{main|Gun law in Kuwait}}		{{main|Gun law in Kuwait}}
	Firearms may be licensed to a citizen (or foreigner recommended by the Minister of Interior) who is at least 25 years old and fully capable of handling a weapon, with no criminal record, who is not a suspect or under police surveillance, and who has a source of income.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.moi.gov.kw/portal/varabic/ShowPage.aspx?objectID=792bd90c-076a-443b-84dd-574a8bfd68eb|title=You are being redirected...|website=www.moi.gov.kw|access-date=2018-05-29}}</ref>		Firearms may be licensed to a citizen (or foreigner recommended by the Minister of Interior) who is at least 25 years old and fully capable of handling a weapon, with no criminal record, who is not a suspect or under police surveillance, and who has a source of income.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.moi.gov.kw/portal/varabic/ShowPage.aspx?objectID=792bd90c-076a-443b-84dd-574a8bfd68eb|title=You are being redirected...|website=www.moi.gov.kw|access-date=2018-05-29}}</ref>
	Hunting shotguns are the most commonly licensed weapons. Rifles chambered for .22 long rifle are also common, with hunting rifles being more difficult to obtain. Handguns are only allowed for VIPs. Machine guns are not legally permitted for civilian possession.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Guns in Kuwait – Firearms, gun law and gun control|url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/kuwait|access-date=2021-01-11|website=www.gunpolicy.org}}</ref>		Hunting shotguns are the most commonly licensed weapons. Rifles chambered for .22 long rifle are also common, with hunting rifles being more difficult to obtain. Handguns are only allowed for VIPs. Machine guns are not legally permitted for civilian possession.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Guns in Kuwait – Firearms, gun law and gun control|url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/kuwait|access-date=2021-01-11|website=www.gunpolicy.org|archive-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120085601/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/kuwait|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	===Lebanon===		===Lebanon===
	In the Lebanese Republic, ownership of any firearm other than handguns, hunting arms or antiques is illegal and only the latter two are permitted to leave the owner's home. Disregard for this law is prevalent. Lebanon does not officially grant the right to bear arms, but it is a firmly held cultural belief in the country. Firearm licenses are granted to certain individuals, but the test is not open to the public and requires a particular need to be demonstrated.<ref name="gunpolicy7">{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/lebanon |title=Guns in Lebanon – Firearms, gun law and gun control |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-07-21 |access-date=2016-01-29}}</ref>		In the Lebanese Republic, ownership of any firearm other than handguns, hunting arms or antiques is illegal and only the latter two are permitted to leave the owner's home. Disregard for this law is prevalent. Lebanon does not officially grant the right to bear arms, but it is a firmly held cultural belief in the country. Firearm licenses are granted to certain individuals, but the test is not open to the public and requires a particular need to be demonstrated.<ref name="gunpolicy7">{{cite web |url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/lebanon |title=Guns in Lebanon – Firearms, gun law and gun control |website=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-07-21 |access-date=2016-01-29 |archive-date=5 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205171105/http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/lebanon |url-status=dead }}</ref>
	Gun control has been largely unsuccessful in Lebanon due to a historic context of gun availability and usage, a lack of effective central government control or authority over many parts of the country, and the tumultuous nature of the region. Although gunsmithing was once prominent in the region, it has all but ceased since the mid-1930s, yet it remains legal with a permit. Lebanon has come to be one of the largest arms markets in the Middle East.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XxumsOQMxLE | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/XxumsOQMxLE| archive-date=2021-12-11 | url-status=live|title=Lebanon's Illegal Arms Dealers |publisher=YouTube |date=2014-02-24 |access-date=2016-01-29}}{{cbignore}}</ref>		Gun control has been largely unsuccessful in Lebanon due to a historic context of gun availability and usage, a lack of effective central government control or authority over many parts of the country, and the tumultuous nature of the region. Although gunsmithing was once prominent in the region, it has all but ceased since the mid-1930s, yet it remains legal with a permit. Lebanon has come to be one of the largest arms markets in the Middle East.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XxumsOQMxLE | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/XxumsOQMxLE| archive-date=2021-12-11 | url-status=live|title=Lebanon's Illegal Arms Dealers |publisher=YouTube |date=2014-02-24 |access-date=2016-01-29}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
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	===Malaysia===		===Malaysia===
	Firearm ownership is highly restricted in Malaysia. The Arms Act (1960)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mides.mod.gov.my/phocadownloadpap/PDF/pekeliling/arms_act_1960_until_2006.pdf|title=Arms Act 1960|website=Malaysia Ministry of Defense Website|access-date=14 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203122028/http://mides.mod.gov.my/phocadownloadpap/PDF/pekeliling/arms_act_1960_until_2006.pdf|archive-date=3 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> requires Malaysian citizens to have a license for the manufacture, import, export, repair, or ownership of firearms. A firearm license can only be granted by the Chief Police Officer of a ]. Discharging a firearm in crimes such as extortion, robbery, resisting arrest and house-breaking is punished by the ]. Exhibiting a firearm for any of the scheduled offences (without discharging) carries a penalty of life imprisonment and ] of not less than six strokes. Possession of unlawful firearms carries a sentence of up to fourteen years in prison and caning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://poskod.my/street-notes/what-you-need-to-know-about-malaysias-gun-laws/|title=What you need to know about Malaysia's gun laws |date=2013-08-20|website=Poskod Malaysia|language=en-US|access-date=2016-06-14}}</ref>		Firearm ownership is highly restricted in Malaysia. The Arms Act (1960)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mides.mod.gov.my/phocadownloadpap/PDF/pekeliling/arms_act_1960_until_2006.pdf|title=Arms Act 1960|website=Malaysia Ministry of Defense Website|access-date=14 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203122028/http://mides.mod.gov.my/phocadownloadpap/PDF/pekeliling/arms_act_1960_until_2006.pdf|archive-date=3 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> requires Malaysian citizens to have a license for the manufacture, import, export, repair, or ownership of firearms. A firearm license can only be granted by the Chief Police Officer of a ]. Discharging a firearm in crimes such as extortion, robbery, resisting arrest and house-breaking is punished by the ]. Exhibiting a firearm for any of the scheduled offences (without discharging) carries a penalty of life imprisonment and ] of not less than six strokes. Possession of unlawful firearms carries a sentence of up to fourteen years in prison and caning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://poskod.my/street-notes/what-you-need-to-know-about-malaysias-gun-laws/|title=What you need to know about Malaysia's gun laws|date=2013-08-20|website=Poskod Malaysia|language=en-US|access-date=2016-06-14|archive-date=12 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612153507/http://poskod.my/street-notes/what-you-need-to-know-about-malaysias-gun-laws|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	===Mongolia===		===Mongolia===
	Mongolia currently observes a law on firearms passed in 2001 which allows anyone to apply for a firearm license, which may be issued after 21 days.		Mongolia currently observes a law on firearms passed in 2001 which allows anyone to apply for a firearm license, which may be issued after 21 days.
	There are 46,982 (or 1.6 per 100 people) registered firearms in Mongolia including 44,306 for hunting, 1,598 for security and ward use, 619 for sports training, 260 as "art" firearms and 199 for collection purposes.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Oyundari |first1=E |title=Law on firearms to be amended |url=http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/?p=7146 |website=The UB Post |access-date=13 October 2019}}</ref>		There are 46,982 (or 1.6 per 100 people) registered firearms in Mongolia including 44,306 for hunting, 1,598 for security and ward use, 619 for sports training, 260 as "art" firearms and 199 for collection purposes.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Oyundari |first1=E |title=Law on firearms to be amended |url=http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/?p=7146 |website=The UB Post |access-date=13 October 2019 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124172032/http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/?p=7146 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
	===Myanmar===		===Myanmar===
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	===North Korea===		===North Korea===
	According to 2009 law civilian possession of firearms is prohibited in North Korea.<ref name="YONHAP">{{cite web|last=Oh |first=Grace |url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20120806002600315 |title= N. Korea enacts rules on regulating firearms |date=6 August 2012 |publisher=YONHAP |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref>		According to 2009 law civilian possession of firearms is prohibited in North Korea.<ref name="YONHAP">{{cite web|last=Oh |first=Grace |url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20120806002600315 |title= N. Korea enacts rules on regulating firearms |date=6 August 2012 |publisher=] |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref>
	===Pakistan===		===Pakistan===
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	===Philippines===		===Philippines===
	{{Main|Gun law in the Philippines}}		{{Main|Gun law in the Philippines}}
	The Philippines has generally strict gun laws, though liberal in comparison to other Asia-Pacific countries due to its active gun culture. Philippine gun control became notorious in 1972 during the presidency of ] who implemented a near-prohibition of all civilian guns. Current gun laws in the Philippines are outlined in Republic Act 10591 or the "Comprehensive Firearms and Ammunition Regulation Act", signed in 2013. In order to own a firearm, a citizen must acquire a License to Own and Possess Firearms (LTOPF). Applicants must meet the following requirements: (a) has not been convicted of any crime involving moral turpitude; (b) has passed the psychiatric test administered by a PNP-accredited psychologist or psychiatrist; (c) has passed the drug test conducted by an accredited and authorized drug testing laboratory or clinic; (d) has passed a gun safety seminar which is administered by the PNP or a registered and authorized gun club; (e) has filed in writing the application to possess a registered firearm which shall state the personal circumstances of the applicant; (f) must present a police clearance from the city or municipality police office; and (g) has not been convicted or is currently an accused in a pending criminal case before any court of law for a crime that is punishable with a penalty of more than two (2) years.<ref name="officialgazette.gov.ph">{{cite web| url = https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/29/republic-act-no-10591/| title = Republic Act No. 10591 {{!}} Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines| date = 29 May 2013}}</ref>		Current gun laws in the Philippines are outlined in Republic Act 10591 or the "Comprehensive Firearms and Ammunition Regulation Act", signed in 2013. In order to own a firearm, a citizen must acquire a License to Own and Possess Firearms (LTOPF). Applicants must meet the following requirements: (a) has not been convicted of any crime involving moral turpitude; (b) has passed the psychiatric test administered by a PNP-accredited psychologist or psychiatrist; (c) has passed the drug test conducted by an accredited and authorized drug testing laboratory or clinic; (d) has passed a gun safety seminar which is administered by the PNP or a registered and authorized gun club; (e) has filed in writing the application to possess a registered firearm which shall state the personal circumstances of the applicant; (f) must present a police clearance from the city or municipality police office; and (g) has not been convicted or is currently an accused in a pending criminal case before any court of law for a crime that is punishable with a penalty of more than two (2) years.<ref name="officialgazette.gov.ph">{{cite web| url = https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/29/republic-act-no-10591/| title = Republic Act No. 10591 {{!}} Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines| date = 29 May 2013}}</ref>
	License holders may carry concealed handguns in public with the acquisition of a separate Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of Residence (PTCFOR), which is granted on a may-issue basis.<ref>{{cite web|last=Calica |first=Aurea |url=http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2013/06/02/949166/new-law-gets-strict-gun-ownership |title=New law gets strict on gun ownership &#124; Headlines, News, The Philippine Star |publisher=philstar.com |date=2013-06-02 |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref> Generally, applicants must demonstrate an imminent threat of danger and secure a Threat Assessment Certificate from the police in order to be issued a PTCFOR. Exempted from this requirement are members of the national bar (lawyers, prosecutors, judges), accountants, accredited media practitioners, cashiers, bank tellers, clergymen (priests, ministers, rabbis, imams), physicians, nurses, engineers, high-risk businessmen, elected incumbent and former officials, and active and retired military and law enforcement personnel, as they are deemed to be in imminent danger due to the nature of their profession, occupation or business.<ref name="officialgazette.gov.ph"/>		License holders may carry concealed handguns in public with the acquisition of a separate Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of Residence (PTCFOR), which is granted on a may-issue basis.<ref>{{cite web|last=Calica |first=Aurea |url=http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2013/06/02/949166/new-law-gets-strict-gun-ownership |title=New law gets strict on gun ownership &#124; Headlines, News, The Philippine Star |publisher=philstar.com |date=2013-06-02 |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref> Generally, applicants must demonstrate an imminent threat of danger and secure a Threat Assessment Certificate from the police in order to be issued a PTCFOR. Exempted from this requirement are members of the national bar (lawyers, prosecutors, judges), accountants, accredited media practitioners, cashiers, bank tellers, clergymen (priests, ministers, rabbis, imams), physicians, nurses, engineers, high-risk businessmen, elected incumbent and former officials, and active and retired military and law enforcement personnel, as they are deemed to be in imminent danger due to the nature of their profession, occupation or business.<ref name="officialgazette.gov.ph"/>
	Many Filipinos own firearms for self-protection and target-shooting, which require licenses: around 2,000,000 people out of 100,000,000 have a registered firearm.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/fr/firearms/compareyears/146/number_of_registered_firearms|title=Philippines – Number of Registered Firearms|website=www.gunpolicy.org}}</ref>		Many Filipinos own firearms for self-protection and target-shooting, which require licenses: around 2,000,000 people out of 100,000,000 have a registered firearm.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/fr/firearms/compareyears/146/number_of_registered_firearms|title=Philippines – Number of Registered Firearms|website=www.gunpolicy.org|access-date=7 March 2020|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308002047/https://www.gunpolicy.org/fr/firearms/compareyears/146/number_of_registered_firearms|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	Despite the laws, some people in the Philippines are gun enthusiasts and gun users, in part due to the influence of its history of being an American Commonwealth. It is widely believed there is a ''de facto'' right to gun ownership in the country.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ortiz |first=Erik |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/filipino-american-gun-clubs-roots-run-deep-u-s-history-n136921 |title=Filipino-American Gun Club's Roots Run Deep into U.S. History |publisher=NBC News |date=2014-06-24 |access-date=2015-02-18}}</ref>
	===Singapore===		===Singapore===
	Singaporean citizens must obtain a license to lawfully possess firearms or ammunition; applicants must provide justification for the license, which is often restricted to the military, police, and ]. Target-shooting licenses permit ownership of a gun, provided it is securely stored in an approved and protected firing range, and is not taken out of the firing range without special permission. Self-defense permits are not allowed, unless there is an 'imminent threat' to their lives that can be justified to the government. There is no restriction on types of small arms one may own after obtaining a license. Illegal firearms and firearm-related crimes are grounds for the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/singapore |title=Small Arms in Singapore: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law |publisher=Gunpolicy.org |access-date=14 November 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;page=0;query=DocId%3A%227659a792-18f3-43d8-a6ac-463e3ff2453a%22%20Status%3Ainforce%20Depth%3A0;rec=0#pr3-he- |title=Singapore Statutes Arms Of– fences Act |publisher=Statutes.agc.gov.sg |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;page=0;query=DocId%3A%227659a792-18f3-43d8-a6ac-463e3ff2453a%22%20Status%3Ainforce%20Depth%3A0;rec=0 |title=Singapore Statutes Online Arms – Offences Act |publisher=Statutes.agc.gov.sg |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref>		Singaporean citizens must obtain a license to lawfully possess firearms or ammunition; applicants must provide justification for the license, which is often restricted to the military, police, and ]. Target-shooting licenses permit ownership of a gun, provided it is securely stored in an approved and protected firing range, and is not taken out of the firing range without special permission. Self-defense permits are not allowed, unless there is an 'imminent threat' to their lives that can be justified to the government. There is no restriction on types of small arms one may own after obtaining a license. Illegal firearms and firearm-related crimes are grounds for the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/singapore |title=Small Arms in Singapore: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law |publisher=Gunpolicy.org |access-date=14 November 2011 |archive-date=30 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430045149/http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/singapore |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;page=0;query=DocId%3A%227659a792-18f3-43d8-a6ac-463e3ff2453a%22%20Status%3Ainforce%20Depth%3A0;rec=0#pr3-he- |title=Singapore Statutes Arms Of– fences Act |publisher=Statutes.agc.gov.sg |access-date=2014-04-19 |archive-date=29 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329031931/http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;page=0;query=DocId%3A%227659a792-18f3-43d8-a6ac-463e3ff2453a%22%20Status%3Ainforce%20Depth%3A0;rec=0#pr3-he- |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;page=0;query=DocId%3A%227659a792-18f3-43d8-a6ac-463e3ff2453a%22%20Status%3Ainforce%20Depth%3A0;rec=0 |title=Singapore Statutes Online Arms – Offences Act |publisher=Statutes.agc.gov.sg |access-date=2014-04-19 |archive-date=29 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329031931/http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;page=0;query=DocId%3A%227659a792-18f3-43d8-a6ac-463e3ff2453a%22%20Status%3Ainforce%20Depth%3A0;rec=0 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
	Owing to its mandatory ], nearly half the civilian population have the experience and are well-trained in operating firearms, most notably the ] and the ].<ref name="Fact">{{cite web |url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/1999/sep/11sep99_nr/11sep99_fs.html |title=Factsheet - Singapore Assault Rifle 21 |publisher=] |access-date=24 July 2010 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121225092029/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/1999/sep/11sep99_nr/11sep99_fs.html |archive-date=25 December 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Singapore has the lowest gun-related deaths in the world.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gun Deaths By Country 2021 |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/gun-deaths-by-country |website=worldpopulationreview.com |access-date=23 July 2021}}</ref>		Owing to its mandatory ], nearly half the civilian population have the experience and are well-trained in operating firearms, most notably the ] and the ].<ref name="Fact">{{cite web |url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/1999/sep/11sep99_nr/11sep99_fs.html |title=Factsheet - Singapore Assault Rifle 21 |publisher=] |access-date=24 July 2010 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121225092029/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/1999/sep/11sep99_nr/11sep99_fs.html |archive-date=25 December 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Singapore has the lowest gun-related deaths in the world.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gun Deaths By Country 2021 |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/gun-deaths-by-country |website=worldpopulationreview.com |access-date=23 July 2021}}</ref>
	===South Korea===		===South Korea===
	Similar to Singapore, the majority of South Korean men are well-trained in the use of firearms, due to ].<ref name="ABC News" /> Guns are also notably absent in South Korean society outside of the military, and gun ownership and gun-related deaths rank among the lowest in the world.<ref name="Korea Times US may learn from Korea's gun control">{{cite news|last=Na|first=Jeong Ju|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2013/01/116_129474.html|newspaper=Korea Times |access-date=23 July 2015|title=Korea Times US may learn from Korea's gun control}}</ref><ref name="WBEZ Examining South Korea's shockingly low rates of gun ownership">{{cite web|url=http://www.wbez.org/episode-segments/2011-08-02/examining-south-korea%E2%80%99s-shockingly-low-rates-gun-ownership-89983|publisher=WBEZ|access-date=23 July 2015|title=WBEZ Examining South Korea's shockingly low rates of gun ownership|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151205171036/http://www.wbez.org/episode-segments/2011-08-02/examining-south-korea%E2%80%99s-shockingly-low-rates-gun-ownership-89983|archive-date=5 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>		Similar to Singapore, the majority of South Korean men are well-trained in the use of firearms, due to ].<ref name="ABC News" /> Guns are also notably absent in South Korean society outside of the military, and gun ownership and gun-related deaths rank among the lowest in the world.<ref name="Korea Times US may learn from Korea's gun control">{{cite news|last=Na|first=Jeong Ju|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2013/01/116_129474.html|newspaper=] |access-date=23 July 2015|title=Korea Times US may learn from Korea's gun control}}</ref><ref name="WBEZ Examining South Korea's shockingly low rates of gun ownership">{{cite web|url=http://www.wbez.org/episode-segments/2011-08-02/examining-south-korea%E2%80%99s-shockingly-low-rates-gun-ownership-89983|publisher=WBEZ|access-date=23 July 2015|title=WBEZ Examining South Korea's shockingly low rates of gun ownership|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151205171036/http://www.wbez.org/episode-segments/2011-08-02/examining-south-korea%E2%80%99s-shockingly-low-rates-gun-ownership-89983|archive-date=5 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	South Korea has strict gun policies. Hunting and sporting licenses are issued, but any firearm used in these circumstances must be stored at a local police station. Air rifles also have to be stored at police stations; crossbows and electric shock devices are also classified as firearms but their private retention is permitted. Tasers are prohibited, and possessing a toy gun without an orange tip is strictly prohibited. Violation of firearms laws can result in a US$18,000 fine and up to 10 years in prison.<ref name="ABC News">{{cite web |last=Cho |first=Johee |url=https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2012/12/strict-gun-control-laws-in-south-korea/ |title=Strict Gun Control Laws in South Korea |publisher=ABC |access-date=9 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121219170236/https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2012/12/strict-gun-control-laws-in-south-korea/ |archive-date=19 December 2012}}</ref>		South Korea has strict gun policies. Hunting and sporting licenses are issued, but any firearm used in these circumstances must be stored at a local police station. Air rifles also have to be stored at police stations; crossbows and electric shock devices are also classified as firearms but their private retention is permitted. Tasers are prohibited, and possessing a toy gun without an orange tip is strictly prohibited. Violation of firearms laws can result in a US$18,000 fine and up to 10 years in prison.<ref name="ABC News">{{cite web |last=Cho |first=Johee |url=https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2012/12/strict-gun-control-laws-in-south-korea/ |title=Strict Gun Control Laws in South Korea |publisher=ABC |access-date=9 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121219170236/https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2012/12/strict-gun-control-laws-in-south-korea/ |archive-date=19 December 2012}}</ref>
	===Syria===		===Syria===
	According to 2001 law Syrian citizens and foreign Arabs can own one revolver and two shotguns under license issued for people who can provide genuine reason such as protection of business.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/syria|title= Syria — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law|website=Gunpolicy.org|quote=Guiding gun control legislation in Syria includes the... Legislative Decree No. 51 of 23 September 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://stj-sy.org/en/syria-questions-about-the-capacity-of-act-14-to-control-the-spread-of-arms-among-legalized-armed-militias/|title=Syria: Questions About the Capacity of Act 14 to Control the Spread of Arms Among "Legalized Armed Militias"|date=April 27, 2022|publisher=Syrians for Truth and Justice|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202131015/https://stj-sy.org/en/syria-questions-about-the-capacity-of-act-14-to-control-the-spread-of-arms-among-legalized-armed-militias/|archive-date=December 2, 2022|quote=On 15 February 2022, Faisal Jammoul, a Syrian delegate, member of the National Security Committee, and the Syrian Parliament’s Constitutional Committee, gave a live interview on “Al Madina FM” about upcoming amendments to Syrian Arms and Ammunitions Law. During the interview, Jammoul confirmed that a draft of the law had been discussed in detail and would soon be proposed to the Syrian Parliament. He said: “The proposed amendment to the Arms and Ammunitions Law is in fact an amendment to Law No. 51of 2001 and is an urgent response to mitigate the chaotic spread of arms around Syria.”}}</ref>		According to 2001 law Syrian citizens and foreign Arabs can own one revolver and two shotguns under license issued for people who can provide genuine reason such as protection of business.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/syria|title=Syria — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law|website=Gunpolicy.org|quote=Guiding gun control legislation in Syria includes the... Legislative Decree No. 51 of 23 September 2001|access-date=14 June 2023|archive-date=15 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615210714/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/syria|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://stj-sy.org/en/syria-questions-about-the-capacity-of-act-14-to-control-the-spread-of-arms-among-legalized-armed-militias/|title=Syria: Questions About the Capacity of Act 14 to Control the Spread of Arms Among "Legalized Armed Militias"|date=27 April 2022|publisher=Syrians for Truth and Justice|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202131015/https://stj-sy.org/en/syria-questions-about-the-capacity-of-act-14-to-control-the-spread-of-arms-among-legalized-armed-militias/|archive-date=2 December 2022|quote=On 15 February 2022, Faisal Jammoul, a Syrian delegate, member of the National Security Committee, and the Syrian Parliament’s Constitutional Committee, gave a live interview on “Al Madina FM” about upcoming amendments to Syrian Arms and Ammunitions Law. During the interview, Jammoul confirmed that a draft of the law had been discussed in detail and would soon be proposed to the Syrian Parliament. He said: “The proposed amendment to the Arms and Ammunitions Law is in fact an amendment to Law No. 51of 2001 and is an urgent response to mitigate the chaotic spread of arms around Syria.”}}</ref>
	====Idlib====		====Idlib====
	All types of firearms including pistols, rifles and grenades are reportedly sold in rebel-held Idlib district without any license in shops which are mostly run by militia groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://npasyria.com/en/48265/|title=Indiscriminate proliferation of weapons in Syria's Idlib widespread|date=15 October 2020}}</ref> In October 2020 Idlib's Salvation Government reportedly stated it will start licensing firearms.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thereference-paris.com/13771|date=18 October 2020|title=Jawlani courts the West with decision to control carrying of weapons in Idlib}}</ref> Many other rebel groups expressed opposition to this and some doubted possibility of registering firearms in Idlib.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.syria.tv/حكومة-الإنقاذ-تبدأ-بترخيص-السلاح-الفردي-الغايات-والإمكانيات|title="حكومة الإنقاذ" تبدأ بترخيص السلاح الفردي.. الغايات والإمكانيات|language=ar|date=20 October 2020}}</ref>		All types of firearms including pistols, rifles and grenades are reportedly sold in rebel-held Idlib district without any license in shops which are mostly run by militia groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://npasyria.com/en/48265/|title=Indiscriminate proliferation of weapons in Syria's Idlib widespread|date=15 October 2020}}</ref> In October 2020 Idlib's Salvation Government reportedly stated it will start licensing firearms.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thereference-paris.com/13771|date=18 October 2020|title=Jawlani courts the West with decision to control carrying of weapons in Idlib|access-date=16 November 2020|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029163600/https://www.thereference-paris.com/13771|url-status=dead}}</ref> Many other rebel groups expressed opposition to this and some doubted possibility of registering firearms in Idlib.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.syria.tv/حكومة-الإنقاذ-تبدأ-بترخيص-السلاح-الفردي-الغايات-والإمكانيات|title="حكومة الإنقاذ" تبدأ بترخيص السلاح الفردي.. الغايات والإمكانيات|language=ar|date=20 October 2020}}</ref>
	===Taiwan===		===Taiwan===
	] has extremely strict gun control for all persons on the island, though some carveouts used to be made for indigenous Taiwanese persons. Some argue that the strict policy endangers the homeland to potential invasion by mainland China.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-14 |title=Mainland China's grip on Taiwan's arsenal seen in 'incredible' security blunder |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3206779/mainland-chinas-grip-taiwans-arsenal-revealed-incredible-security-blunder |access-date=2023-08-14 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}</ref> An unusual feature of Taiwan's gun control scheme was a specific provision for indigenous people, allowing black powder ]-type single shot rifles for hunting, though in the pursuit of a total gun control policy, even indigenous persons of Taiwan have lost their right to use and own even these guns as of 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-05-07 |title=Taiwan's indigenous groups lose court fight for hunting rights |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57023554 |access-date=2023-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814183922/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57023554 |archive-date=14 August 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Controlling Guns, Ammunition and Knives Act |url=https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0080047 |access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref> There is an absolute "zero tolerance policy" for owning guns in Taiwan. The indigenous people that were allowed a carve out to the absolute-no-guns policy though are increasingly antagonistic against the mainly ] that are seen as foreign occupiers that restrict the natural right of indigenous peoples of Taiwan to own and use guns for hunting and other purposes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Winn |first=Patrick |url=https://theworld.org/media/2021-05-18/taiwan-s-gun-control-debate|title=Taiwan's gun control debate|publisher=]|date=May 18, 2021}}</ref>		] has extremely strict gun control for all persons on the island, though some carveouts used to be made for indigenous Taiwanese persons. Some argue that the strict policy endangers the homeland to potential invasion by mainland China.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-14 |title=Mainland China's grip on Taiwan's arsenal seen in 'incredible' security blunder |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3206779/mainland-chinas-grip-taiwans-arsenal-revealed-incredible-security-blunder |access-date=2023-08-14 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}</ref> An unusual feature of Taiwan's gun control scheme was a specific provision for indigenous people, allowing black powder ]-type single shot rifles for hunting, though in the pursuit of a total gun control policy, even indigenous persons of Taiwan have lost their right to use and own even these guns as of 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-05-07 |title=Taiwan's indigenous groups lose court fight for hunting rights |language=en-GB |work=] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57023554 |access-date=2023-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814183922/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57023554 |archive-date=14 August 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Controlling Guns, Ammunition and Knives Act |url=https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0080047 |access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref> There is an absolute "zero tolerance policy" for owning guns in Taiwan. The indigenous people that were allowed a carve out to the absolute-no-guns policy though are increasingly antagonistic against the mainly ] that are seen as foreign occupiers that restrict the natural right of indigenous peoples of Taiwan to own and use guns for hunting and other purposes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Winn |first=Patrick |url=https://theworld.org/media/2021-05-18/taiwan-s-gun-control-debate|title=Taiwan's gun control debate|publisher=]|date=18 May 2021}}</ref>
	===Thailand===		===Thailand===
	A firearm license in ] is only granted for the following uses: self-defense, property protection, hunting, or sporting.<ref name="TLF">{{cite web|last1=Chaninat & Leeds|title=Gun Law of Thailand|url=http://www.thailawforum.com/database1/thailand-gun-law.html|website=Thailand Law Forum|access-date=20 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220628/http://www.thailawforum.com/database1/thailand-gun-law.html|archive-date= July 5, 2023}}</ref><ref name="DW-20160219">{{cite news|last1=Domínguez|first1=Gabriel|title=A look at Thailand's fervent gun culture|url=http://dw.com/p/1HyYz|access-date=20 February 2016|work=Deutsche Welle|agency=Deutsche Welle|date=2016-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615210719/https://www.dw.com/en/a-look-at-thailands-fervent-gun-culture/a-19060721|archive-date=June 15, 2023}}</ref> Applicants for a firearms license must be at least 20 years of age (the age of majority under the Civil and Commercial Code), have a record of good behavior, have an occupation and receive income, and have a permanent address in Thailand with a name "listed in the house registration specifically in the area where you are applying for a license, for at least six months". A license may not be issued to anyone who is a repeat criminal offender or mentally unstable. The application fee for most firearms licenses is 1,000 Baht for each license or unit; a license for possession and use of air rifles is 200 Baht per license/unit.; carry licenses are also 1,000 Baht per license. Since October 2017 citizenship is required to purchase and use firearms.<ref name="loc.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/thailand-amendments-to-firearms-law/|title=Thailand: Amendments to Firearms Law &#124; Global Legal Monitor|date=23 October 2017|website=www.loc.gov}}</ref> A person is also not allowed to carry his gun without an additional permit for concealed carry.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vertic.org/media/National%20Legislation/Thailand/TH_Firearms_Ammunition_Act.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213013607/http://www.vertic.org/media/National%20Legislation/Thailand/TH_Firearms_Ammunition_Act.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-13 |url-status=live |title=Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, Fireworks, and the Equivalent of Firearms Act B.E.2490 (1947), page 1 of 22 |publisher=Vertic.org |access-date=18 February 2015}}</ref> Fully automatic firearms and explosive devices are prohibited.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Alpers| first1=Philip|last2=Wilson|first2=Marcus |title=Thailand – Gun Facts, Figures and the Law| url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/thailand| website=GunPolicy.org| publisher=Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney|access-date=20 February 2016|date=2016}}</ref>		A firearm license in ] is only granted for the following uses: self-defense, property protection, hunting, or sporting.<ref name="TLF">{{cite web|last1=Chaninat & Leeds|title=Gun Law of Thailand|url=http://www.thailawforum.com/database1/thailand-gun-law.html|website=Thailand Law Forum|access-date=20 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220628/http://www.thailawforum.com/database1/thailand-gun-law.html|archive-date= 5 July 2023}}</ref><ref name="DW-20160219">{{cite news|last1=Domínguez|first1=Gabriel|title=A look at Thailand's fervent gun culture|url=http://dw.com/p/1HyYz|access-date=20 February 2016|work=Deutsche Welle|agency=Deutsche Welle|date=2016-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615210719/https://www.dw.com/en/a-look-at-thailands-fervent-gun-culture/a-19060721|archive-date=15 June 2023}}</ref> Applicants for a firearms license must be at least 20 years of age (the age of majority under the Civil and Commercial Code), have a record of good behavior, have an occupation and receive income, and have a permanent address in Thailand with a name "listed in the house registration specifically in the area where you are applying for a license, for at least six months". A license may not be issued to anyone who is a repeat criminal offender or mentally unstable. The application fee for most firearms licenses is 1,000 Baht for each license or unit; a license for possession and use of air rifles is 200 Baht per license/unit.; carry licenses are also 1,000 Baht per license. Since October 2017 citizenship is required to purchase and use firearms.<ref name="loc.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/thailand-amendments-to-firearms-law/|title=Thailand: Amendments to Firearms Law &#124; Global Legal Monitor|date=23 October 2017|website=www.loc.gov}}</ref> A person is also not allowed to carry his gun without an additional permit for concealed carry.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vertic.org/media/National%20Legislation/Thailand/TH_Firearms_Ammunition_Act.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213013607/http://www.vertic.org/media/National%20Legislation/Thailand/TH_Firearms_Ammunition_Act.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-13 |url-status=live |title=Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, Fireworks, and the Equivalent of Firearms Act B.E.2490 (1947), page 1 of 22 |publisher=Vertic.org |access-date=18 February 2015}}</ref> Fully automatic firearms and explosive devices are prohibited.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Alpers|first1=Philip|last2=Wilson|first2=Marcus|title=Thailand – Gun Facts, Figures and the Law|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/thailand|website=GunPolicy.org|publisher=Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney|access-date=20 February 2016|date=2016|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304195139/http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/thailand|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	The amended 2017 law will cover weapon suppressors, electric darts, and new types of fireworks including ''bang fai'' (locally-made rockets) and ''talai'' ("rocket-like fireworks with a circular wing"). The amendment further provides that anyone who creates a bomb scare may be subject to convictions of up to three years of imprisonment and/or fined up to 60,000 Baht. Another significant change is that only Thais will be permitted to register a gun with the authorities. Formerly, foreigners residing in Thailand could also apply for weapons permits. The Act already prohibits the manufacture, purchase, ownership, use, ordering, or import of firearms or ammunition, except by persons who have been granted a license from the local registrar. Violation of this provision is punishable with convictions including imprisonment for a period of between one and ten years and/or fines of between 2,000 and 20,000 Baht.<ref name="loc.gov"/>		The amended 2017 law will cover weapon suppressors, electric darts, and new types of fireworks including ''bang fai'' (locally-made rockets) and ''talai'' ("rocket-like fireworks with a circular wing"). The amendment further provides that anyone who creates a bomb scare may be subject to convictions of up to three years of imprisonment and/or fined up to 60,000 Baht. Another significant change is that only Thais will be permitted to register a gun with the authorities. Formerly, foreigners residing in Thailand could also apply for weapons permits. The Act already prohibits the manufacture, purchase, ownership, use, ordering, or import of firearms or ammunition, except by persons who have been granted a license from the local registrar. Violation of this provision is punishable with convictions including imprisonment for a period of between one and ten years and/or fines of between 2,000 and 20,000 Baht.<ref name="loc.gov"/>
	===Turkey===		===Turkey===
			] is semi-restrictive in terms of gun control statutes.<ref name="gun.policy.org.turkey">{{cite web |url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/turkey |title=Guns in Turkey |publisher=gunpolicy.org |access-date=2016-06-29 |archive-date=2 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160702123543/http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/turkey |url-status=dead }}</ref> Civilians in Turkey need to get a license from the police or gendarmerie to own and use firearms, and these licenses last for 5 years. Licenses are available for shotguns (including semi-automatic ones), rifles (bolt-action, lever-action, and some semi-automatics), and handguns. To get a license, you must:
	{{Cleanup rewrite|it is written in an un-encyclopedic language|2=section|date=April 2023}}
			• Be at least 21 years old,
			• Be a Turkish citizen or permanent resident,
			• Have a valid medical report signed by a group of doctors,
			• Have no criminal record or unpaid taxes, and
			• Pay the required fees.
			As of 2024, fully automatic and short-barreled shotguns are banned. There are no restrictions on magazine size, caliber, or optics for handguns. Some semi-automatic rifles can be owned with a rifle permit, but they are uncommon in the market. Semi-auto rifles typically come in .22LR or 9mm calibers with magazines holding up to 15 rounds. Fully automatic rifles are not allowed for civilians, with very rare exceptions.
	] is restrictive in terms of gun control statutes.<ref name="gun.policy.org.turkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/turkey |title=Guns in Turkey |publisher=gunpolicy.org |access-date=2016-06-29}}</ref> Automatic and semi-automatic firearms are "prohibited for civilian possession (with no or limited exceptions)", and for any application, "an applicant may be asked to produce a medical certificate confirming he or she is capable of handling firearms and that he or she has no psychological – or physical – impediments".<ref name="Small.Arms.Survey.2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2011/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2011-Chapter-09-EN.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905024057/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2011/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2011-Chapter-09-EN.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 September 2012 |title=Small Arms Survey 2011, Chapter 9, Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession |publisher=Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva →Switzerland→←← |access-date=2016-06-29}}</ref> Background checks are mandatory, and a "genuine reason" is required for the issue of licenses.<ref name="WHO.Global.Status.2014">{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/status_report/2014/en/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227120217/http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/status_report/2014/en/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 December 2014 |title=Global status report on violence prevention 2014 |publisher=WHO, the United Nations Development Programme, and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime |access-date=2016-06-29}}</ref>
			Shotgun licenses automatically include a permit to carry or transport the shotgun, but it must be unloaded and covered. Handgun concealed carry permits and rifle carry licenses are harder to get and require a valid reason, like personal protection or hunting. Applicants must show proof of this reason, such as a life threat (approved by the governor) or belonging to specific professions like:
	Civilians must additionally apply through the police for a handgun carry permit or a rifle carry license (the latter also requiring a hunting license). They must have a special reason prior to application and pay the required expenses. Special professions like police officers, military personnel, judges, public prosecutors, and senior politicians have their own life-time license from the government, and can apply for free licenses for handgun and rifle carry.<ref> February 26, 2023. Husan Arms.</ref><ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Turkey — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 12 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref> All police officers can have an unlimited number of handguns and rifles with a carry license. Military officers can have five handguns and two rifles. Generals are exempt from these limits. Mayors, deputies, ministers, and presidents are lifetime carry licensed with no money in order. Some other government employees are extraordinarily have lifetime carry licenses. Examples are forest rangers, headman, customs officers, judges and prosecutors. These employees do not have to be health controlled every 5 years. Normal civilians can have licenses to keep as long as they are healthy and no serious criminal record. Another interesting detail is that the civilians must have no tax debt to apply for a license. The numbers of guns is limitless as long as the tax is paid. The tax for every single keep license for any rifle and handgun is something like 200-250USD which every year changes as Turkish Lira. Carry permit for handguns is prohibited. Only people who have more than 50 employees, some of professions like jewelers, money-changers and people who carry gold or money, fuel dealers, lawyers and people who pays more than a limit of tax can have carry license. In Turkey it's possible for all of these people to get carry license by paying tax plus the restrictions of license to keep. Tax is somewhere between $700 and US$1000, as every years changes in Turkish lira. Carry licenses can be obtained one by one. Every single firearm is licensed individually. Carry licenses for handguns are legally limitless but not practically. Rifles can be carried legally, as long as one has a legal hunting license. It is not possible to have a carry license without a hunting license. Semi-Automatic rifles have been prohibited since 2002, because of a ban on hunting with semi-auto rifles. Licensed semi-auto rifles could have keep license for everyone or carry license, for exampled government employees. But it's forbidden for them to be used in hunting. Semi-auto tactical rifles and full-auto shotguns or rifles are fully prohibited for civilians, but with some exceptions. It's possible for a VIP to have full auto or semi-auto rifle with a special permission. The examples are some rifles which had gifted by Turkish presidents to some businessmen during the time. Also, there are some old semi-auto or full-auto tactical rifles or assault rifles which were licensed years ago and are still in some families. These rifles cannot be licensed after death of license owner. The most important thing for any rifle or handgun is spare parts, which are rare to find and difficult to change. Especially gun rebarreling is most difficult process which customers prefer to not to do or do far from legal process.<ref> July 10, 1952</ref>
			• Company board members/directors (with certain criteria),
	Shotgun license is easier. Turkey is a country with a huge shotgun industry. Shotguns are widespread and easy to buy in Turkey. A shotgun license is much more cheaper than in most European countries. For a shotgun license, one must have a bill of health, clean criminal record, and no tax debt. Every 5 shotguns are recordable in just a license. Spare parts are common and rebarreling is easy and legal.<ref></ref>
			• Jewelers, gas station operators, or bank managers,
			• Lawyers, commercial pilots, or ship captains,
			• Herders, shooting range operators, or foreign exchange bureau owners,
			• Notaries, contractors/developers, or people working with explosives,
			• Beekeepers, licensed journalists, or rural landowners.
			Getting a handgun concealed carry permit is expensive, and each firearm requires a separate carry license. Handgun carry licenses are legally unlimited, but obtaining multiple permits is rare. Rifles can only be carried with a hunting license and for hunting purposes; hunting with semi-automatic rifles is not allowed. Carry licenses usually need renewal every 5 years.
			High-powered and tactical semi-automatic rifles are mostly banned for civilians, with very few exceptions. Spare parts for these weapons, especially barrels, are hard to find and replace.<ref> 10 July 1952</ref>
			In Turkey, most shooting ranges are indoors and only allow handguns. People with possession licenses need to get a transportation permit from the local police for each trip to the range. However, those with concealed carry licenses do not need such permits.
			Shotguns and rifles (for carry license holders) can be used for target shooting outside urban and residential areas. This must be done at least 500 meters away from homes and only with the landowner’s permission. To hunt with shotguns or rifles, a hunting license is required.
			Licensed armed security personnel, such as those protecting valuable assets, VIPs, critical infrastructure, airports, banks, or high-risk events, can carry semi-automatic and fully automatic weapons, including submachine guns, but only while on duty.
			In rural areas, over 50,000 civilians are authorized as “Security Guards” or “Village Guards” to protect against terrorists and looters. This role allows them to carry selective-fire firearms for this specific purpose. These weapons and equipment are usually provided by the military and remain government property.
			Public servants, including police officers, military personnel, judges, public prosecutors, and senior politicians, have a lifelong right to apply for free handgun and rifle carry licenses. These licenses are issued on a guaranteed basis.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226211157/https://www.husanarms.com/en/haberler/silah-ruhsati-nasil-alinir/ |date=26 December 2023 }} 26 February 2023. Husan Arms.</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713081846/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/turkey |date=13 July 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Turkey — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 12 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>
			All police officers can carry an unlimited number of handguns and rifles with a carry license. Military officers are allowed up to five handguns and two rifles, while generals are not limited by these rules. Mayors, deputies, ministers, and presidents automatically receive lifetime carry licenses without paying any fees. Some other government employees, such as forest rangers, village headmen, customs officers, judges, and prosecutors, also have lifetime carry licenses. Unlike civilians, public servants (active or retired) do not need to renew their medical certificates every five years.
			Turkey has a large shotgun industry, and shotguns are widely available and easy to purchase. Getting a shotgun license is simpler and cheaper compared to handgun or rifle licenses. It requires a clean bill of health, a clear criminal record, and no outstanding tax debt. One shotgun license allows ownership of up to five shotguns. Spare parts are widely available, and rebarreling is both easy and legal.<ref></ref> Shotguns are much more affordable due to open market conditions and competition among numerous national and international brands, unlike rifles and handguns, which are sold exclusively through the government-controlled monopoly, ].
	=== United Arab Emirates ===		=== United Arab Emirates ===
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	==Europe==		==Europe==
	[[Image:Concealed carry in Europe.svg|thumb|Issuing of concealed carry permit in Europe (by country, 2019):		[[File:Concealed carry in Europe.svg|thumb|Issuing of concealed carry permit in Europe (by country, 2019):
	{{legend|#0000D7|shall-issue}}		{{legend|#0000D7|shall-issue}}
	{{legend|#5599ff|may issue permissive}}		{{legend|#5599ff|may issue permissive}}
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	{{Main|Directive (EU) 2021/555}}		{{Main|Directive (EU) 2021/555}}
	]		]
			Gun laws in the ] vary greatly from one country to another. Nevertheless, two main strains may be recognized: Most EU countries treat firearms primarily as sporting instruments, while a select group of countries consider them to be primarily tools of individual or collective safety (i.e. ], ], ], ], ], ]). This difference in primary understanding of firearms' main purpose leads to different treatment in national legislations.<ref>{{cite web
	Historically and legally EU member states have their own laws which differ from one country to another which led to differences in the extent of legal access to firearms among EU countries.
			| last = Gawron
			| first = Tomáš
			| title = Srovnání české zbraňové legislativy s jinými evropskými zeměmi
			| work = zbrojnice.com
			| date = 15 January 2024
			| url = https://zbrojnice.com/2024/01/15/srovnani-ceske-zbranove-legislativy-s-jinymi-evropskymi-zememi/
			| access-date = 7 November 2024
			| language = cs
			| archive-date =
			| archive-url =
			| url-status =
			}}</ref>
			All EU and ] countries are bound to ] ] into their own legal systems. The Directive sets certain gun control standards that the countries must meet; at the same time national legislators may chose to adopt more stringent rules.
	EU harmonisation started in 1991, with European Directive {{abbr|No.|number}} 91/477/EC which set minimum standards regarding civilian firearms acquisition and possession that EU member states must implement into their national legal systems. In this text, firearms are considered as ''any portable barrelled weapon that expels, is designed to expel or may be converted to expel a shot, bullet or projectile by the action of a combustible propellant''.<ref>{{Citation
			Under the directive, firearms are defined as ''any portable barrelled weapon that expels, is designed to expel or may be converted to expel a shot, bullet or projectile by the action of a combustible propellant''.<ref>{{Citation
	| author = European Parliament and the Council		| author = European Parliament and the Council
	| date = 21 May 2008		| date = 21 May 2008
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	* Category B – Firearms subject to authorisation, including for instance various kind of repeating and semi-automatic long firearms, but excluding those which belongs to category A		* Category B – Firearms subject to authorisation, including for instance various kind of repeating and semi-automatic long firearms, but excluding those which belongs to category A
	* Category C – Firearms and weapons subject to declaration, including various kind of long firearms with, but excluding those which belongs to category A or B<ref name=L0477>{{Cite web|url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A01991L0477-20170613|title=EUR-Lex – 01991L0477-20170613 |website=eur-lex.europa.eu}}</ref>		* Category C – Firearms and weapons subject to declaration, including various kind of long firearms with, but excluding those which belongs to category A or B<ref name=L0477>{{Cite web|url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A01991L0477-20170613|title=EUR-Lex – 01991L0477-20170613 |website=eur-lex.europa.eu}}</ref>
	* Category D existing previously (''Other firearms'') is deleted
	This classification relies on short firearms having a barrel not exceeding 30 centimetres or whose overall length does not exceed 60 centimetres.<ref name=L0477/>
	Under article 5 of the directive:		Under article 5 of the directive:
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	(...)}}		(...)}}
	Member states are free to adopt more stringent rules, according to article 3.
	====UN trend in EU====
	EU plans related to firearms are in line with the ] (117 states parties in 2019).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/firearms-protocol/the-firearms-protocol.html|title=The Firearms Protocol|website=United Nations: Office on Drugs and Crime}}</ref> This UN protocol existing since 2005 tighten regulations on the manufacture and trafficking of small firearms, like handguns and pistols. This relies on three main legal measures: criminalizing illicit trafficking of firearms; authorising or licensing legitimate manufacturers and vendors; and establishing marking and recording for tracing firearms.<ref name=fl383>{{cite web |url=http://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/flash/fl_383_en.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609184403/http://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/flash/fl_383_en.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-09 |url-status=live|title=REPORT: Firearms in the European Union|date=October 2013}}</ref>
	All EU member states, except Ireland and Malta, have ratified the UN Firearms Protocol.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XVIII-12-c&chapter=18&clang=_en | title=United Nations Treaty Collection }}</ref>
	====Austria====		====Austria====
	{{Main|Gun law in Austria}}		{{Main|Gun law in Austria}}
	] is the only country in the European Union where firearms are only partially licensed; the ''Waffengesetz'' (Weapons Act) provides the legal terms for all types of weapons, including firearms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=1000601+Gesamte+Rechtsvorschrift+f%C3%BCr+Waffengesetz+1996|title=RIS – 1000601 Gesamte Rechtsvorschrift für Waffengesetz 1996 – Bundesrecht konsolidiert, Fassung vom 01.03.2021|website=www.ris.bka.gv.at}}</ref> § 1 of the law defines ''Weapons'' as objects that are designed to directly eliminate or reduce the ability of people to attack or defend themselves (e.g. knives, pepper spray, gas pistols, etc.) or for firing projectiles during hunting or sport shooting (e.g. crossbows, bows, etc.). § 2 further defines ''Firearms'' as weapons where projectiles can be fired from a barrel in a predefined direction. Most common firearms and some other weapons fall into three different categories, which come with different restrictions:		] is the only country in the European Union where firearms are only partially licensed; the ''Waffengesetz'' (Weapons Act) provides the legal terms for all types of weapons, including firearms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=1000601+Gesamte+Rechtsvorschrift+f%C3%BCr+Waffengesetz+1996|title=RIS – 1000601 Gesamte Rechtsvorschrift für Waffengesetz 1996 – Bundesrecht konsolidiert, Fassung vom 01.03.2021|website=www.ris.bka.gv.at|access-date=1 March 2021|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521101830/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=1000601+Gesamte+Rechtsvorschrift+f%C3%BCr+Waffengesetz+1996|url-status=dead}}</ref> § 1 of the law defines ''Weapons'' as objects that are designed to directly eliminate or reduce the ability of people to attack or defend themselves (e.g. knives, pepper spray, gas pistols, etc.) or for firing projectiles during hunting or sport shooting (e.g. crossbows, bows, etc.). § 2 further defines ''Firearms'' as weapons where projectiles can be fired from a barrel in a predefined direction. Most common firearms and some other weapons fall into three different categories, which come with different restrictions:
	Category A is divided into two subcategories "war material" and "restricted weapons". "War material" includes for example tanks, fully automatic weapons and armour-piercing weapons; "restricted weapons" includes weapons disguised as other objects, firearms which can be disassembled in a faster than usual fashion for hunting and sport, shotguns with an overall length of less than 90&nbsp;cm (35&nbsp;in) or barrel length shorter than 45&nbsp;cm (18&nbsp;in), ] shotguns, suppressors and firearms with suppressors, knuckledusters, blackjacks, steel rods. Category B covers all handguns, repeating shotguns and semi-automatic weapons which are not category A (e.g. pistols, revolvers, semi-automatic rifles and semi-automatic shotguns). Category C includes most other firearms that are not category A or B (e.g. repeating rifles, revolving rifles, break-action rifles and break-action shotguns).		Category A is divided into two subcategories "war material" and "restricted weapons". "War material" includes for example tanks, fully automatic weapons and armour-piercing weapons; "restricted weapons" includes weapons disguised as other objects, firearms which can be disassembled in a faster than usual fashion for hunting and sport, shotguns with an overall length of less than 90&nbsp;cm (35&nbsp;in) or barrel length shorter than 45&nbsp;cm (18&nbsp;in), ] shotguns, suppressors and firearms with suppressors, knuckledusters, blackjacks, steel rods. Category B covers all handguns, repeating shotguns and semi-automatic weapons which are not category A (e.g. pistols, revolvers, semi-automatic rifles and semi-automatic shotguns). Category C includes most other firearms that are not category A or B (e.g. repeating rifles, revolving rifles, break-action rifles and break-action shotguns).
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	====Belgium====		====Belgium====
	{{Unreferenced section|date=April 2023}}		{{Unreferenced section|date=April 2023}}
	Possessing or carrying firearms is generally illegal in ]. An exception is made for people who have a valid firearms licence. Since 2006, after a ], there are very strict conditions and rules for gun owners to obtain such a licence.		Possessing or carrying firearms is generally illegal in ] with very limited exemptions. Gun laws in Belgium are among the strictest in the world. An exception is made for people who have a valid firearms licence. Since 2006, after a ], there are very strict conditions and rules for gun owners to obtain such a licence.
	However the laws and regulations concerning the carrying and possession of firearms for hunters, sport shooters, collectors and also for the import and export of guns, differs from area to area in Belgium; a valid licence is almost always required. Blank guns, airsoft guns, paintball guns, and deactivated guns do not need a permit or licence and are free to purchase.		However, the laws and regulations concerning the carrying and possession of firearms for hunters, sport shooters, collectors and also for the import and export of guns, differs from area to area in Belgium; a valid licence is almost always required. Blank guns, airsoft guns, paintball guns, and deactivated guns do not need a permit or licence and are free to purchase.
	The gun law in Belgium does not apply (or at least applies differently) for the military and law enforcement services such as the police, customs and some private security units (only handguns). Until its abolition in 2019, the security units of Belgian courts and prison transport (''Corps de securité Justice/Veiligheidskorps Justitie'') were also permitted to carry handguns.		Gun laws in Belgium does not apply (or at least applies differently) for the military and law enforcement services such as the police, customs and some private security units (only handguns). Until its abolition in 2019, the security units of Belgian courts and prison transport (''Corps de securité Justice/Veiligheidskorps Justitie'') were also permitted to carry handguns.
	====Croatia====		====Croatia====
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	====Czech Republic====		====Czech Republic====
			{{multiple image
			| align = right
			| direction = vertical
			| width = 300
			| header = Gun safes for visitors at a Czech courthouse
			| image1 = Gun safes for visitors firearms at a courthouse in Prague, Czech Republic.jpg
			| alt1 = Gun safes for visitors at a courthouse in Prague
			| caption1 = Gun safes for civilian firearms at a courthouse in Prague. It is forbidden to carry any weapons within a courthouse. Visitors can leave their firearms at gun safes upon entry, before undergoing airport-style security check.
			| image2 = Interior of a gun safe for visitors at a courthouse in Prague, Czech Republic.jpg
			| alt2 = CZ 75 D, magazine, chamber round and a pepper spray within a visitor's gun safe at a courthouse in Prague, Czech Republic.
			| caption2 = Visitor's unloaded pistol and a pepper spray within a courthouse gun safe
			}}
	{{Main|Gun law in the Czech Republic}}		{{Main|Gun law in the Czech Republic}}
	{{See also|History of Czech civilian firearms possession}}		{{See also|History of Czech civilian firearms possession}}
	{{Unreferenced section|date=April 2023}}
			Gun laws in the ] adhere to the ].<ref>{{cite news|last=Gawron|first=Tomáš|url=https://advokatnidenik.cz/2020/10/23/od-smernice-k-implementaci-co-prinasi-a-co-znamena-poslaneckou-snemovnou-pcr-schvalena-novela-zakona-o-zbranich/|title=Od směrnice k implementaci: co přináší a co znamená Poslaneckou sněmovnou PČR schválená novela zákona o zbraních|language=cs|date=23 October 2020|newspaper=Advokátní Deník|access-date=22 December 2023|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328152550/https://advokatnidenik.cz/2020/10/23/od-smernice-k-implementaci-co-prinasi-a-co-znamena-poslaneckou-snemovnou-pcr-schvalena-novela-zakona-o-zbranich/|url-status=live}}</ref> Legal accessibility is comparable to those ] which consider firearms to be primarily tools of individual or collective safety (i.e. ], ], ], ], ]) and not just sporting instruments ''(see ])''.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2023-12-22|last=Sanlaville|first=Tanguy|title=Examens, contrôles des antécédents : après l'attaque de Prague, au coeur de la loi tchèque sur les armes à feu|url=https://www.marianne.net/monde/europe/examens-controles-des-antecedents-apres-l-attaque-de-prague-au-coeur-de-la-loi-tcheque-sur-les-armes-a-feu|website=marianne.net|language=fr|access-date=26 December 2023|archive-date=24 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224234820/https://www.marianne.net/monde/europe/examens-controles-des-antecedents-apres-l-attaque-de-prague-au-coeur-de-la-loi-tcheque-sur-les-armes-a-feu|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
	Civilian firearms possession in the Czech Republic has spanned over six centuries beginning with the ] in the 1420s when firearms became indispensable for success of the mostly commoners militia army in its battles with professional crusader warriors armed with cold weapons. Starting with their use in the war for religious freedom, the right to be armed remains to be generally considered as a symbol of liberty in the country, alongside concepts such as freedom of speech and free elections.
			| last = Gawron
			| first = Tomáš
			| title = Srovnání české zbraňové legislativy s jinými evropskými zeměmi
			| work = zbrojnice.com
			| date = 15 January 2024
			| url = https://zbrojnice.com/2024/01/15/srovnani-ceske-zbranove-legislativy-s-jinymi-evropskymi-zememi/
			| access-date = 7 November 2024
			| language = cs
			| archive-date =
			| archive-url =
			| url-status =
			}}</ref>
			] is considered to be an attribute of liberty in the country.<ref name="roundtable" /> It is explicitly recognized in the first Article of the ]. At the constitutional level, the ] protects the "''right to defend one's own life or life of another person also with arms under conditions stipulated by law''" (see '']'').
			Firearms are available to any resident subject to acquiring a ]. Firearm licenses may be obtained in a way similar to a driving license; by passing a proficiency exam (in ] only), medical examination and having no ] record. Unlike in most other European countries, Czech firearms legislation also permits citizens to carry ] weapons for ]; 260,027 out of 316,859 gun license holders have a concealed carry license (31 December 2023).<ref name= "zbrojnice-stats-2023">{{cite web
	The first legislation pertaining to firearms was adopted in the 1517 St. Wenceslaus Agreement, which stated that "''all people of all standing have the right to keep firearms at home''" and established ban on firearm carrying. A 1524 enactment on firearms then introduced a system of issuing firearms carry permits. Permitless right to possess firearms and carrying subject to shall-issue permits remained in place until the 1939 German occupation. During Czech history, only Nazis and Communists enacted firearms bans.
			| last = Gawron
			| first = Tomáš
			| title = Zbraňové statistiky 2023: Růst počtu držitelů zbrojních průkazů zpomalil, setrvalý nárůst registrovaných zbraní
			| work = zbrojnice.com
			| date = 8 January 2024
			| url = https://zbrojnice.com/2024/01/08/zbranove-statistiky-2023-rust-poctu-drzitelu-zbrojnich-prukazu-zpomalil-setrvaly-narust-registrovanych-zbrani/
			| access-date = 8 January 2024
			| language = cs
			| archive-date =
			| archive-url =
			| url-status =
			}}</ref> The most common reason for firearm possession by Czech gun owners is protection, with hunting and sport shooting being less common.<ref name="Eurobarometer">{{Citation
			| last = Eurobarometer
			| first = Directorate General for Communication
			| year = 2013
			| title = Flash Barometer 383: Firearms in the European Union – Report
			| location = Brusselss
			| url = http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl_383_en.pdf
			| access-date = 26 March 2017
			| archive-date = 21 March 2017
			| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170321132451/http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl_383_en.pdf
			| url-status = live
			}}</ref> Additionally, people can join government endorsed advanced shooting training courses with their privately owned firearms and become members of the ]-style ].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.czdefence.cz/clanek/ozbrojeni-civiliste-a-budouci-bezpecnostni-krize | title=Ozbrojení civilisté a budoucí bezpečnostní krize }}</ref>
			The beginnings of Czech civilian firearms possession date back to 1421, with the first use of firearms as the primary weapons of ] ''(see ])''. Firearms became indispensable tools for the mostly-commoner militia in a war for religious freedom and political independence. Firearms possession became common throughout and after the Hussite wars. The universal right to keep arms for "''all people of all standing''" was formally affirmed in the 1517 {{Interlanguage link|St. Wenceslaus Agreement|cs|Svatováclavská smlouva}}. Throughout its 600-year history, Czech firearms legislation remained permissive, with the exception of the periods of ] and of the ].
	Following the Velvet Revolution of 1989, the country's firearms legislation returned to its historical roots. The authorities ] firearms license to any person older than 21 (sometimes 18 depending on type of license), with a clean criminal record, and physically and mentally sound, that passes a firearms proficiency test and is legally reliable.
			The English term ''pistol'' originated in 15th-century ].<ref name="Titz">{{cite book|title=Ohlasy husitského válečnictví v Evropě|year=1922|publisher=Československý vědecký ústav vojenský|first=Karel|last=Titz}}</ref> ''Mariánská skála'' in ] is Europe's oldest continually-open shooting range, established in 1617.<ref>{{Citation
	The Czech Republic is unusual in comparison to other EU countries in that the vast majority of gun owners (250,342 out of 307,372) possess their firearms for purposes of protection of life and property. Furthermore, the Czech Republic has a shall-issue concealed carry permit system, whereby every self-defense license holder may carry up to two concealed firearms with a round chambered. The Czech Republic had a higher rate of concealed carry licenses per capita than the US up to 2010, despite a relatively lower gun-ownership rate.
			| last = Kindlová
			| first = Veronika
			| year = 2015
			| title = Nejstarší střelnici v Evropě najdete na Mariánské skále v Ústí nad Labem
			| url = http://www.rozhlas.cz/sever/expres/_zprava/nejstarsi-strelnici-v-evrope-najdete-na-marianske-skale-v-usti-nad-labem--1553992
			| access-date = 1 October 2017
			| archive-date = 1 October 2017
			| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171001214516/http://www.rozhlas.cz/sever/expres/_zprava/nejstarsi-strelnici-v-evrope-najdete-na-marianske-skale-v-usti-nad-labem--1553992
			| url-status = live
			}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
			| last = Rudoplh
			| first = Richard L.
			| title = Banking and Industrialization in Austria-Hungary: The Role of Banks in the Industrialization of the Czech Crownlands, 1873–1914
			| publisher = Cambridge University Press
			| year = 2008
			| page = 39
			| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZfGg0bn1JUAC&pg=PA39
			| isbn = 978-0-521-08847-3
			| access-date = 6 January 2019
			| archive-date = 5 November 2021
			| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211105225044/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZfGg0bn1JUAC&pg=PA39
			| url-status = live
			}}</ref>
	====Denmark====		====Denmark====
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	Fully automatic weapons are prohibited for civilian use, unless a special permit is issued by the Ministry of Justice. These permits are extremely rare, and are normally only issued to people or companies working for, or supplying the police or military.		Fully automatic weapons are prohibited for civilian use, unless a special permit is issued by the Ministry of Justice. These permits are extremely rare, and are normally only issued to people or companies working for, or supplying the police or military.
	Illegal possession of a firearm may be punished with imprisonment of no less than one year. Civilians may keep privately owned weapons including pistols, revolvers, shotguns and rifles at their residences.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.politi.dk/da/borgerservice/vaabentilladelse/blankvaaben.htm| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170203163655/https://www.politi.dk/da/borgerservice/vaabentilladelse/blankvaaben.htm| archive-date = 3 February 2017| title = www.politi.dk - Blankvåben mv.}}</ref> These, together with its ammunition have to be stored in an approved gun cabinet (EN1143-1 grade 0 or better).<ref>https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=158805 §22 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220645/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=158805|date=July 5, 2023}}</ref> The police may inspect a shooting club's weapons at their discretion, but require a court order to inspect privately held firearms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.justitsministeriet.dk/arbejdsomr%C3%A5der/v%C3%A5ben/lovgivning|title=Ministry of Justice – Weapons|access-date=3 February 2017|archive-date=13 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513093150/http://www.justitsministeriet.dk/arbejdsomr%C3%A5der/v%C3%A5ben/lovgivning|url-status=dead}}</ref>		Illegal possession of a firearm may be punished with imprisonment of no less than one year. Civilians may keep privately owned weapons including pistols, revolvers, shotguns and rifles at their residences.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.politi.dk/da/borgerservice/vaabentilladelse/blankvaaben.htm| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170203163655/https://www.politi.dk/da/borgerservice/vaabentilladelse/blankvaaben.htm| archive-date = 3 February 2017| title = www.politi.dk - Blankvåben mv.}}</ref> These, together with its ammunition have to be stored in an approved gun cabinet (EN1143-1 grade 0 or better).<ref>https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=158805 §22 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705220645/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=158805|date=5 July 2023}}</ref> The police may inspect a shooting club's weapons at their discretion, but require a court order to inspect privately held firearms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.justitsministeriet.dk/arbejdsomr%C3%A5der/v%C3%A5ben/lovgivning|title=Ministry of Justice – Weapons|access-date=3 February 2017|archive-date=13 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513093150/http://www.justitsministeriet.dk/arbejdsomr%C3%A5der/v%C3%A5ben/lovgivning|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	====Estonia====		====Estonia====
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	The ownership and use of firearms in Finland is regulated by the country's Firearms Act of 1998. Weapons are individually licensed by local police, with no limit on the number of licenses an individual may hold. Licenses are granted for recreational uses, exhibition or (under certain circumstances) professional use. No type of weapon is explicitly prohibited, but licenses are granted only for a reason. Self-defense is not accepted as a valid reason for licensing. In general, this excludes all but hunting and sports guns from non-professional use. Fully automatic weapons are generally not permitted. With the exception of law enforcement, only specially trained security guards may carry loaded weapons in public.		The ownership and use of firearms in Finland is regulated by the country's Firearms Act of 1998. Weapons are individually licensed by local police, with no limit on the number of licenses an individual may hold. Licenses are granted for recreational uses, exhibition or (under certain circumstances) professional use. No type of weapon is explicitly prohibited, but licenses are granted only for a reason. Self-defense is not accepted as a valid reason for licensing. In general, this excludes all but hunting and sports guns from non-professional use. Fully automatic weapons are generally not permitted. With the exception of law enforcement, only specially trained security guards may carry loaded weapons in public.
	In 2007, Finland had the third largest gun-ownership rate globally (behind the US and Yemen),<ref>{{cite web |last1=Allen |first1=Nick |title=Finland school shooting: Gunman planned massacre for six years |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/finland/3071235/Finland-school-shooting-Gunman-planned-massacre-for-six-years.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/finland/3071235/Finland-school-shooting-Gunman-planned-massacre-for-six-years.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |website=The Telegraph |date=24 September 2008 |access-date=16 November 2019}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and the first in Europe.<ref>{{cite news |title=Vote to tighten Europe gun laws |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7117042.stm |website=BBC |date=29 November 2007 |access-date=16 November 2019}}</ref> Finns are avid hunters, and {{As of|2007|lc=y|post=,}} there were 1.6 million registered weapons and 650,000 people with firearm permits in the country, i.e. 12% of the population. In November that year, Finland updated their gun laws after two school shootings that left 20 people dead,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Byron |first1=Katy |last2=Pleitgen |first2=Frederik |last3=Schmidt |first3=Nadine |last4=Watson |first4=Ivan |last5=Magnay |first5=Diana |title=German rampage victims mostly female |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/europe/03/11/germany.school.shooting/index.html |website=CNN |access-date=16 November 2019}}</ref> and to comply with an EU directive by removing the ability of 15-18-year-olds to have their own permit. The possibility of creating a dual-license for an already licensed weapon with permission of the license holder was allowed (e.g. parental permission). In 2011, a constitutional law committee concluded that people over the age of 20 can receive a permit for semi-automatic handguns; individuals must demonstrate continuous activity in handgun sporting group for two years prior.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tsai |first1=Michelle |title=Packing Heat in Helsinki |url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2009/12/why-are-there-so-many-guns-in-finland.html |website=Slate |date=31 December 2009 |access-date=16 November 2019}}</ref>		In 2007, Finland had the third largest gun-ownership rate globally (behind the US and Yemen),<ref>{{cite web |last1=Allen |first1=Nick |title=Finland school shooting: Gunman planned massacre for six years |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/finland/3071235/Finland-school-shooting-Gunman-planned-massacre-for-six-years.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/finland/3071235/Finland-school-shooting-Gunman-planned-massacre-for-six-years.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |website=The Telegraph |date=24 September 2008 |access-date=16 November 2019}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and the first in Europe.<ref>{{cite news |title=Vote to tighten Europe gun laws |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7117042.stm |website=BBC |date=29 November 2007 |access-date=16 November 2019}}</ref> Finns practices hunting, and {{As of|2007|lc=y|post=,}} there were 1.6 million registered weapons and 650,000 people with firearm permits in the country, i.e. 12% of the population. In November that year, Finland updated their gun laws after two school shootings that left 20 people dead,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Byron |first1=Katy |last2=Pleitgen |first2=Frederik |last3=Schmidt |first3=Nadine |last4=Watson |first4=Ivan |last5=Magnay |first5=Diana |title=German rampage victims mostly female |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/europe/03/11/germany.school.shooting/index.html |website=CNN |access-date=16 November 2019 |archive-date=16 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116042955/https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/europe/03/11/germany.school.shooting/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> and to comply with an EU directive by removing the ability of 15-18-year-olds to have their own permit. The possibility of creating a dual-license for an already licensed weapon with permission of the license holder was allowed (e.g. parental permission). In 2011, a constitutional law committee concluded that people over the age of 20 can receive a permit for semi-automatic handguns; individuals must demonstrate continuous activity in handgun sporting group for two years prior.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tsai |first1=Michelle |title=Packing Heat in Helsinki |url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2009/12/why-are-there-so-many-guns-in-finland.html |website=Slate |date=31 December 2009 |access-date=16 November 2019}}</ref>
	====France====		====France====
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	In 1563, ] had an address to the ] parliament about forbidding firearms in which he made the following statement:		In 1563, ] had an address to the ] parliament about forbidding firearms in which he made the following statement:
	{|		{|
	! Old French		! French
	! English		! English
	|-		|-
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	====Germany====		====Germany====
	{{Main|Gun control in Germany}}		{{Main|Gun control in Germany}}
	Gun ownership in Germany is restrictive, being regulated by the Federal Weapons Act (German: Waffengesetz) of 1972.<ref>{{cite web|work=International Firearms Injury Prevention & Policy|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/germany|title=Germany – Gun Facts, Figures and the Law|date=27 June 2012|access-date=26 February 2013}}</ref>		Gun ownership in Germany is restrictive, being regulated by the Federal Weapons Act (German: Waffengesetz) of 1972.<ref>{{cite web|work=International Firearms Injury Prevention & Policy|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/germany|title=Germany – Gun Facts, Figures and the Law|date=27 June 2012|access-date=26 February 2013|archive-date=5 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705032101/http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/germany|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	The laws apply to weapons with a fire energy exceeding 7.5 J. A firearms license may be granted to those over the age of 18 who have no criminal convictions or mental disability, who are deemed reliable and can justify a reason for owning a firearm. A separate license is required for each firearm owned. Target-shooters must have been a member of a shooting club with 18 recorded visits in the previous 12 months. A firearms carry permit is a second-tier license which allows concealed carrying in public, and is only issued to those with a particular need.		The laws apply to weapons with a fire energy exceeding 7.5 J. A firearms license may be granted to those over the age of 18 who have no criminal convictions or mental disability, who are deemed reliable and can justify a reason for owning a firearm. A separate license is required for each firearm owned. Target-shooters must have been a member of a shooting club with 18 recorded visits in the previous 12 months. A firearms carry permit is a second-tier license which allows concealed carrying in public, and is only issued to those with a particular need.
	Several weapons and special ammunitions are completely prohibited, such as automatic firearms. Buying, possessing, lending, using, carrying, crafting, altering and the trading of these weapons is illegal and punishable by up to five years imprisonment, confiscation of the weapon and a fine of up to €10,000. Using an illegal weapon for crimes of any kind is punishable by 1–10 years imprisonment.		Several weapons and special ammunitions are completely prohibited, such as automatic firearms. Buying, possessing, lending, using, carrying, crafting, altering and the trading of these weapons is illegal and punishable by up to five years imprisonment, confiscation of the weapon and a fine of up to €10,000. Using an illegal weapon for crimes of any kind is punishable by 1–10 years imprisonment.
	Germany's National Gun Registry, introduced at the end of 2012, counted 5.5 million firearms legally owned by 1.4 million people.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2012/12/28/new-german-firearms-registry-shows-55-million-guns-legally-owned-in-country/|title=New German firearms registry shows 5.5 millions guns legally owned in country|publisher=Associated Press/Fox News|access-date=28 December 2012|date=28 December 2012}}</ref>		Germany's National Gun Registry, introduced at the end of 2012, counted 5.5 million firearms legally owned by 1.4 million people.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/new-german-firearms-registry-shows-5-5-million-guns-legally-owned-in-country|title=New German firearms registry shows 5.5 millions guns legally owned in country|publisher=Associated Press/Fox News|access-date=28 December 2012|date=28 December 2012}}</ref>
	====Greece====		====Greece====
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	Gun laws in ] are relatively strict, regulated by Code 24/2004,<ref>{{cite web|author=Complex Kiadó Kft. |url=http://www.complex.hu/jr/gen/hjegy_doc.cgi?docid=A0400024.TV#lbj9param |title=Hungarian gun law, 24/2004 (Hungarian) |publisher=Complex.hu |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref> governmental decision and directive of the Minister of Internal Affairs 49/2004. The law defines a firearm as having muzzle energy that exceeds {{convert|7.5|J|ftlbf}}. A firearms license may be granted to those over the age of 18 who have no criminal convictions or mental disability, and have passed a basic firearms theory/practical examination. Three categories of firearms ownership are allowed: Hunting (Firearms restricted to bolt action rifles and double barrel shotguns), Sports shooting (only restriction is no fully automatic firearms), Self defense (special permission from the Police, very rarely granted in special cases e.g. gun shop owners). Sports shooting has in recent years gained popularity with the number of sports category licenses being issued steadily climbing. Government initiatives to popularize shooting sports such as building shooting ranges and introducing shooting as a sport in the schooling system has slowly begun. It is generally expected that obtaining (and keeping) a firearms permit is a slow and somewhat costly process, but once a permit is granted and the necessary yearly memberships are paid, yearly doctors certificates are obtained and the mandatory 2–3 sporting events are attended (for sports shooter) ownership is fairly liberal as to the type of firearm one can own.		Gun laws in ] are relatively strict, regulated by Code 24/2004,<ref>{{cite web|author=Complex Kiadó Kft. |url=http://www.complex.hu/jr/gen/hjegy_doc.cgi?docid=A0400024.TV#lbj9param |title=Hungarian gun law, 24/2004 (Hungarian) |publisher=Complex.hu |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref> governmental decision and directive of the Minister of Internal Affairs 49/2004. The law defines a firearm as having muzzle energy that exceeds {{convert|7.5|J|ftlbf}}. A firearms license may be granted to those over the age of 18 who have no criminal convictions or mental disability, and have passed a basic firearms theory/practical examination. Three categories of firearms ownership are allowed: Hunting (Firearms restricted to bolt action rifles and double barrel shotguns), Sports shooting (only restriction is no fully automatic firearms), Self defense (special permission from the Police, very rarely granted in special cases e.g. gun shop owners). Sports shooting has in recent years gained popularity with the number of sports category licenses being issued steadily climbing. Government initiatives to popularize shooting sports such as building shooting ranges and introducing shooting as a sport in the schooling system has slowly begun. It is generally expected that obtaining (and keeping) a firearms permit is a slow and somewhat costly process, but once a permit is granted and the necessary yearly memberships are paid, yearly doctors certificates are obtained and the mandatory 2–3 sporting events are attended (for sports shooter) ownership is fairly liberal as to the type of firearm one can own.
	In 2010, there were 129,000 registered gun owners (1.3% of the population) in Hungary with 235,000 firearms. The majority of these were hunting rifles. Gun violence is very rare in Hungary due to the close monitoring and control of firearm ownership. Crime with firearms are very rare and this statistic usually includes crimes committed with non-lethal "pepper spray" guns. Police use lethal force with a firearm less than 10 times per year, on average.<ref>{{cite web|author=Független Hírügynökség |url=http://index.hu/belfold/2011/04/17/fegyverbe_magyar/ |title=Fegyverbe magyar? |publisher=Index.hu |date=2011-04-17 |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref>		In 2010, there were 129,000 registered gun owners (1.3% of the population) in Hungary with 235,000 firearms. The majority of these were hunting rifles. Gun violence is very rare in Hungary. Crime with firearms are very rare and this statistic usually includes crimes committed with non-lethal "pepper spray" guns. Police use lethal force with a firearm less than 10 times per year, on average.<ref>{{cite web|author=Független Hírügynökség |url=http://index.hu/belfold/2011/04/17/fegyverbe_magyar/ |title=Fegyverbe magyar? |publisher=Index.hu |date=2011-04-17 |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref>
	====Ireland====		====Ireland====
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	====Italy====		====Italy====
	{{Main|Gun control in Italy}}		{{Main|Gun control in Italy}}
	In Italy, national police issue gun licenses to those over the age of 18 without criminal records, who are not mentally ill or known to use illicit substances, and who can prove competence with firearm safety. A shooting sports license permits transporting unloaded firearms and firing them in designated shooting ranges. A hunting license allows holders to engage in hunting with firearms. A concealed carry license permits a person to carry a loaded firearm in public, and requires proving a "valid reason" to do so (e.g.: a security guard or a jeweler at risk of robbery). All weapons must be registered within 72 hours from the moment of purchase. The number of firearms an individual may own and retain at the place declared during registration is limited to:		In Italy, national police issue gun licenses to those over the age of 18 without criminal records, who are not mentally ill or known to use illicit substances, and who can prove competence with firearm safety. A shooting sports license permits transporting unloaded firearms and firing them in designated shooting ranges. A hunting license allows holders to engage in hunting with firearms. A concealed carry license permits a person to carry a loaded firearm in public, and requires proving a "valid reason" to do so (e.g. a security guard or a jeweller at risk of robbery). All weapons must be registered within 72 hours from the moment of purchase. The number of firearms an individual may own and retain at the place declared during registration is limited to:
	* unlimited weapons suitable for hunting. These are defined as smoothbore or rifled firearms having a barrel length of at least 30 centimetres and a total length of at least 60 centimetres. In the case of smoothbores the caliber must not be greater than 12 gauge, while in the case of rifles it must not be smaller than 5.6 millimetres measured between the lands, with a casing length no shorter than 40 millimetres if the caliber is exactly equal to 5.6 millimetres.<ref group="law">{{cite web | url=https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/1992/02/25/092G0211/sg | title=Gazzetta Ufficiale }}</ref>		* Unlimited weapons suitable for hunting. These are defined as smoothbore or rifled firearms having a barrel length of at least 30 centimetres and a total length of at least 60 centimetres. In the case of smoothbores the caliber must not be greater than 12 gauge, while in the case of rifles it must not be smaller than 5.6 millimetres measured between the lands, with a casing length no shorter than 40 millimetres if the caliber is exactly equal to 5.6 millimetres.<ref group="law">{{cite web | url=https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/1992/02/25/092G0211/sg | title=Gazzetta Ufficiale }}</ref>
	* twelve long or short firearms classified as suited for shooting sports by the Italian national proof house at the request of a sport association federated with the Italian Olympic Committee (CONI).		* Twelve long or short firearms classified as suited for shooting sports by the Italian national proof house at the request of a sport association federated with the Italian Olympic Committee (CONI).
	* three weapons whose characteristics do not make the suitable for hunting and that have not been classified as suitable for sporting.		* Three weapons whose characteristics do not make them suitable for hunting and that have not been classified as suitable for sporting.
	* eight antiques firearms (manufactured before 1890).		* Eight antiques firearms (manufactured before 1890).
	* an unlimited quantity of single shot muzzle-loading functioning replicas of firearms built before than 1890.		* An unlimited quantity of single shot muzzle-loading functioning replicas of firearms built before 1890.
	* Unlimited quantity of Moderate Offensive Capacity (<7,5 Joule) air guns.		* Unlimited quantity of Moderate Offensive Capacity (<7,5 Joule) air guns.
	The last two can be purchased in an authorized firearm shop by anyone who can prove to be at least 18 years old, without the need for a license. The carrying of such weapons is forbidden without a licence and no registration is required (Art. 7 c.4 DM 362/2001).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2001/10/04/001G0420/sg|title=Gazzetta Ufficiale|website=www.gazzettaufficiale.it}}</ref> These limits can be exceeded with a collector license.		The last two can be purchased in an authorized firearm shop by anyone who can prove to be at least 18 years old, without the need for a license. The carrying of such weapons is forbidden without a licence and no registration is required (Art. 7 c.4 DM 362/2001).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2001/10/04/001G0420/sg|title=Gazzetta Ufficiale|website=www.gazzettaufficiale.it}}</ref> These limits can be exceeded with a collector license.
	Ammunition: any licence allows the owner to keep 200 rounds of handgun and 1500 rounds of hunting ammunition or up to 5&nbsp;kg of gunpowder (smokeless or black) to handload cartridges. Registration is required within 72 hours form acquisition for all ammunition and powder. Registration is not to be repeated if ammunition and powder are used and then bought again, unless the original quantity registered is being exceeded with the new purchase. Smoothbore cartridges not loaded with slugs but instead with shot (regardless of its size) can be owned without registration if the number possessed is inferior to one thousand.		Ammunition: any licence allows the owner to keep 200 rounds of handgun and 1500 rounds of hunting ammunition or up to 5&nbsp;kg of gunpowder (smokeless or black) to handload cartridges. Registration is required within 72 hours form acquisition for all ammunition and powder. Registration is not to be repeated if ammunition and powder are used and then bought again, unless the original quantity registered is being exceeded with the new purchase. Smoothbore cartridges not loaded with slugs but instead with shot (regardless of its size) can be owned without registration if the number possessed is inferior to one thousand.
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	In the ], gun ownership is restricted to hunters, collectors and target shooters.<ref></ref> A hunting license requires passing a hunters safety course and an exam. To own a gun for target shooting, the applicant must have been a member of a shooting club for a year.{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} People with felonies, drug addictions, and mental illnesses may not possess firearms.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Stoker |first1=Elsbeth |last2=Thijssen |first2=Wil |date=2014-12-08 |title=De wapenvergunning die er niet had mogen komen |url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/gs-b1354b95 |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=de Volkskrant |language=nl-NL}}</ref> To be a collector one has to limit oneself to a specific area of expertise and demonstrate a serious and thorough knowledge of that area, for instance through publications or lectures.		In the ], gun ownership is restricted to hunters, collectors and target shooters.<ref></ref> A hunting license requires passing a hunters safety course and an exam. To own a gun for target shooting, the applicant must have been a member of a shooting club for a year.{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} People with felonies, drug addictions, and mental illnesses may not possess firearms.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Stoker |first1=Elsbeth |last2=Thijssen |first2=Wil |date=2014-12-08 |title=De wapenvergunning die er niet had mogen komen |url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/gs-b1354b95 |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=de Volkskrant |language=nl-NL}}</ref> To be a collector one has to limit oneself to a specific area of expertise and demonstrate a serious and thorough knowledge of that area, for instance through publications or lectures.
	Once obtained, firearms must be stored in a safe and are annually inspected by police (every 3 years when over 25). Legally owned firearms may only be used in self-defense as a last resort.<ref></ref><ref> Hans Boddens Hosang and Terry Gill. April 29, 2019. Amsterdam Center for International Law</ref> Fully automatic firearms are only allowed on a special permit (usually issued to collectors), but there are otherwise few restrictions: semi-automatics, handguns, and magazines of all sizes{{Citation needed|reason=How was the EU Gun Ban implemented?|date=May 2022}} are legal, as are all types of non-armourpiercing, non-incendiary or non-explosive ammunition. Silencers require special permission. A licensed target shooter may only have five firearms registered to his or her license at one time (hunters seven, collectors unlimited) but exceptions are possible. Antique firearms (not replicas or center fire cartridge revolvers) are free to own when originally designed and produced for black powder and not at any time officially proofed and stamped for nitro powder.{{citation needed|date=May 2022}}		Once obtained, firearms must be stored in a safe and are annually inspected by police (every 3 years when over 25). Legally owned firearms may only be used in self-defense as a last resort.<ref></ref><ref> Hans Boddens Hosang and Terry Gill. 29 April 2019. Amsterdam Center for International Law</ref> Fully automatic firearms are only allowed on a special permit (usually issued to collectors), but there are otherwise few restrictions: semi-automatics, handguns, and magazines of all sizes{{Citation needed|reason=How was the EU Gun Ban implemented?|date=May 2022}} are legal, as are all types of non-armourpiercing, non-incendiary or non-explosive ammunition. Silencers require special permission. A licensed target shooter may only have five firearms registered to his or her license at one time (hunters seven, collectors unlimited) but exceptions are possible. Antique firearms (not replicas or center fire cartridge revolvers) are free to own when originally designed and produced for black powder and not at any time officially proofed and stamped for nitro powder.{{citation needed|date=May 2022}}
	====Poland====		====Poland====
	{{Main|Gun laws in Poland}}		{{Main|Gun laws in Poland}}
	Gun ownership in ] is regulated by the Weapons and Munitions Act of 1999 as further amended.<ref>{{cite act|type = Act|title = Ustawa z dnia 21 maja 1999 r. o broni i amunicji (tekst jednolity)|url = https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20220002516/U/D20222516Lj.pdf|language = pl|trans-title = Weapons and Munitions Act of 21 May 1999 (full text with amendments)|date = {{date|2022-10-20}}|publication-date = 2022-12-07|access-date = 2023-06-14|legislature = ]|via = Sejm (isap.sejm.gov.pl)}}</ref> A permit is required to own or possess firearms. Permits are granted for specific purposes, such as self-defense, sport, hunting, collecting etc. and are {{em|shall issue}} except the ones for self-defense, which are {{em|may issue}}. Institutional permits allow for firearm ownership by private security companies, shooting ranges, sport clubs etc.		Gun ownership in ] is regulated by the Weapons and Munitions Act of 1999 as further amended.<ref>{{cite act|type = Act|title = Ustawa z dnia 21 maja 1999 r. o broni i amunicji (tekst jednolity)|url = https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20220002516/U/D20222516Lj.pdf|language = pl|trans-title = Weapons and Munitions Act of 21 May 1999 (full text with amendments)|date = 20 October 2022|publication-date = 2022-12-07|access-date = 2023-06-14|legislature = ]|via = Sejm (isap.sejm.gov.pl)}}</ref> A permit is required to own or possess firearms. Permits are granted for specific purposes, such as self-defense, sport, hunting, collecting etc. and are {{em|shall issue}} except the ones for self-defense, which are {{em|may issue}}. Institutional permits allow for firearm ownership by private security companies, shooting ranges, sport clubs etc.
	Permits are issued to permanent residents over 21, not addicted to alcohol or other substances, having no criminal record, being in good physical and mental health, who passed an exam before sporting association, hunting association or the ]. Permits specify the purposes, categories and quantities of allowed guns; categories depend on permit purpose while quantities are assigned at the discretion of the Police, based on documentation provided. Quantities can be increased when one uses up all available slots.		Permits are issued to permanent residents over 21, not addicted to alcohol or other substances, having no criminal record, being in good physical and mental health, who passed an exam before sporting association, hunting association or the ]. Permits specify the purposes, categories and quantities of allowed guns; categories depend on permit purpose while quantities are assigned at the discretion of the Police, based on documentation provided. Quantities can be increased when one uses up all available slots.
	Carrying loaded guns is allowed on all types of permits except permits for collecting and memorial purposes. Hunters can carry loaded only on hunting grounds. Guns shall be carried concealed in a holster close to the body.<ref>{{cite act|type = Regulation|title = Rozporządzenie Ministra Spraw Wewnętrznych z dnia 26 sierpnia 2014 r. w sprawie przechowywania, noszenia oraz ewidencjonowania broni i amunicji|url = https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20140001224/O/D20141224.pdf|language = pl|trans-title = Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 26 August 2014 regarding storage, carrying and filing of firearms and ammunition|date = {{date|2014-08-26}}|publication-date = 2014-09-16|access-date = 2022-02-11|via = Sejm (isap.sejm.gov.pl)}}</ref> Carrying in public transport is limited only to self-defense permit holders.<ref>{{cite act|type = Regulation|title = Rozporządzenie Ministrów Transportu i Gospodarki Morskiej oraz Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji z dnia 10 kwietnia 2000 r. w sprawie przewożenia broni i amunicji środkami transportu publicznego|url = https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20000310390/O/D20000390.pdf|language = pl|trans-title = Regulation of the Ministers of Transport and Maritime Economy and of Internal Affairs and Administration of 10 April 2000 regarding transporting firearms and ammunition in public transport|date = {{date|2000-04-10}}|publication-date = 2000-04-21|access-date = 2022-03-03|via = Sejm (isap.sejm.gov.pl)}}</ref> It is prohibited to carry while intoxicated, and when attending public gatherings or mass events.		Carrying loaded guns is allowed on all types of permits except permits for collecting and memorial purposes. Hunters can carry loaded only on hunting grounds. Guns shall be carried concealed in a holster close to the body.<ref>{{cite act|type = Regulation|title = Rozporządzenie Ministra Spraw Wewnętrznych z dnia 26 sierpnia 2014 r. w sprawie przechowywania, noszenia oraz ewidencjonowania broni i amunicji|url = https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20140001224/O/D20141224.pdf|language = pl|trans-title = Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 26 August 2014 regarding storage, carrying and filing of firearms and ammunition|date = 26 August 2014|publication-date = 2014-09-16|access-date = 2022-02-11|via = Sejm (isap.sejm.gov.pl)}}</ref> Carrying in public transport is limited only to self-defense permit holders.<ref>{{cite act|type = Regulation|title = Rozporządzenie Ministrów Transportu i Gospodarki Morskiej oraz Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji z dnia 10 kwietnia 2000 r. w sprawie przewożenia broni i amunicji środkami transportu publicznego|url = https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20000310390/O/D20000390.pdf|language = pl|trans-title = Regulation of the Ministers of Transport and Maritime Economy and of Internal Affairs and Administration of 10 April 2000 regarding transporting firearms and ammunition in public transport|date = 10 April 2000|publication-date = 2000-04-21|access-date = 2022-03-03|via = Sejm (isap.sejm.gov.pl)}}</ref> It is prohibited to carry while intoxicated, and when attending public gatherings or mass events.
	Everyone, including foreigners, is allowed to use legal guns at registered shooting ranges, regardless of actual gun's ownership, e.g. rented from the range or shared by a legal owner present. Discharging a firearm for training or leisure out of a registered shooting range (even on a large private property) is prohibited.		Everyone, including foreigners, is allowed to use legal guns at registered shooting ranges, regardless of actual gun's ownership, e.g. rented from the range or shared by a legal owner present. Discharging a firearm for training or leisure out of a registered shooting range (even on a large private property) is prohibited.
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	Full-auto or select-fire firearms are permitted only on institutional and training permits. Since 2020 the Police can issue permits for firearms with suppressors for hunting, but only to be used for sanitary shootings, see ] for details. Armor-piercing, incendiary, tracer and other special ammunition is banned. Only valid permit holders are allowed to buy or possess live ammunition, and only of the types exactly matching the guns they legally own. The quantity of matching ammunition in possession is not limited. Hunters, collectors and sport shooters are allowed to manufacture (reload) ammunition, but strictly for their own use. There are further limits regarding allowed types and calibers depending on the purpose of the permit – see main article for details. There are no limits of magazine capacity, except when hunting.		Full-auto or select-fire firearms are permitted only on institutional and training permits. Since 2020 the Police can issue permits for firearms with suppressors for hunting, but only to be used for sanitary shootings, see ] for details. Armor-piercing, incendiary, tracer and other special ammunition is banned. Only valid permit holders are allowed to buy or possess live ammunition, and only of the types exactly matching the guns they legally own. The quantity of matching ammunition in possession is not limited. Hunters, collectors and sport shooters are allowed to manufacture (reload) ammunition, but strictly for their own use. There are further limits regarding allowed types and calibers depending on the purpose of the permit – see main article for details. There are no limits of magazine capacity, except when hunting.
	Replicas of cartridgeless black powder firearms designed before 1885 require no permit to own. However, a separate bill of law allows businesses to sell black powder to licensed customers only.<ref>{{cite act|type = Act|title = Ustawa z dnia 13 czerwca 2019 r. o wykonywaniu działalności gospodarczej w zakresie wytwarzania i obrotu materiałami wybuchowymi, bronią, amunicją oraz wyrobami i technologią o przeznaczeniu wojskowym lub policyjnym|url = https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20190001214/U/D20191214Lj.pdf|language = pl|trans-title = An Act on Conducting Business in Production and Trade of Explosives, Firearms, Ammunition and Goods and Technology of Military and Police Purposes|date = {{date|2019-06-13}}|publication-date = 2019-07-01|access-date = 2022-01-04|legislature = ]|via = Sejm (isap.sejm.gov.pl)}}</ref> This is often circumvented by obtaining a ] for a black powder firearm, asking a licensed colleague (there are no restrictions of private sale or just giving out of black powder) or by buying powder in neighboring countries, mostly the ].		Replicas of cartridgeless black powder firearms designed before 1885 require no permit to own. However, a separate bill of law allows businesses to sell black powder to licensed customers only.<ref>{{cite act|type = Act|title = Ustawa z dnia 13 czerwca 2019 r. o wykonywaniu działalności gospodarczej w zakresie wytwarzania i obrotu materiałami wybuchowymi, bronią, amunicją oraz wyrobami i technologią o przeznaczeniu wojskowym lub policyjnym|url = https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20190001214/U/D20191214Lj.pdf|language = pl|trans-title = An Act on Conducting Business in Production and Trade of Explosives, Firearms, Ammunition and Goods and Technology of Military and Police Purposes|date = 13 June 2019|publication-date = 2019-07-01|access-date = 2022-01-04|legislature = ]|via = Sejm (isap.sejm.gov.pl)}}</ref> This is often circumvented by obtaining a ] for a black powder firearm, asking a licensed colleague (there are no restrictions of private sale or just giving out of black powder) or by buying powder in neighboring countries, mostly the ].
	Air guns up to 17 ]s of muzzle energy are unregulated. Air guns above that limit are considered pneumatic weapons, no permit is required but the owner has to be 18 and has to pass medical and psychological evaluation as for firearms permit; guns must be registered with the Police and may be used only on registered shooting ranges. Use of pneumatic weapons outside of shooting range is considered the same kind of offense as using firearms.		Air guns up to 17 ]s of muzzle energy are unregulated. Air guns above that limit are considered pneumatic weapons, no permit is required but the owner has to be 18 and has to pass medical and psychological evaluation as for firearms permit; guns must be registered with the Police and may be used only on registered shooting ranges. Use of pneumatic weapons outside of shooting range is considered the same kind of offense as using firearms.
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	{{more citations needed section|date=January 2014}}		{{more citations needed section|date=January 2014}}
	Gun ownership in ] is regulated by Vapenlagen 1996:67 (literally, The Weapon Law),<ref name="riksdagen.se">{{cite web|url=http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Dokument-Lagar/Lagar/Svenskforfattningssamling/Vapenlag-199667_sfs-1996-67/ |title=Svensk författningssamling 1996:67 Vapenlag (1996:67) |publisher=riksdagen.se |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref>		Gun ownership in ] is regulated by Vapenlagen 1996:67 (literally, The Weapon Law),<ref name="riksdagen.se">{{cite web|url=http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Dokument-Lagar/Lagar/Svenskforfattningssamling/Vapenlag-199667_sfs-1996-67/ |title=Svensk författningssamling 1996:67 Vapenlag (1996:67) |publisher=riksdagen.se |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref>
	modified by weapon decree Vapenförordningen 1996:70<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Dokument-Lagar/Lagar/Svenskforfattningssamling/_sfs-1996-70/ |title=Svensk författningssamling 1996:70 Vapenförordning (1996:70) |publisher=riksdagen.se |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref> and FAP 551-3 / RPSFS 2009:13.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.polisen.se/Global/www%20och%20Intrapolis/FAP/FAP551_3_RPSFS2009_13.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090807023907/http://www.polisen.se/Global/www%20och%20Intrapolis/FAP/FAP551_3_RPSFS2009_13.pdf |archive-date=2009-08-07 |url-status=live |title=Rikspolisstyrelsens forfattnings-samling |publisher=Polisen.se |access-date=18 February 2015}}</ref> The ] issue licenses to persons older than 18 years in good standing on the "need to have" basis, which generally implies either hunting or sport shooting. Passing a hunting examination or membership in an approved sport shooting club for six months is required. Licenses for semi-automatic handguns are issued for five years and can be renewed, rifle and single-shot handgun licenses are valid for the owner's lifetime. License-holders may lend a weapon to a person at least 15 years of age for supervised use.		modified by weapon decree Vapenförordningen 1996:70<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Dokument-Lagar/Lagar/Svenskforfattningssamling/_sfs-1996-70/ |title=Svensk författningssamling 1996:70 Vapenförordning (1996:70) |publisher=riksdagen.se |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref> and FAP 551-3 / RPSFS 2009:13.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.polisen.se/Global/www%20och%20Intrapolis/FAP/FAP551_3_RPSFS2009_13.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090807023907/http://www.polisen.se/Global/www%20och%20Intrapolis/FAP/FAP551_3_RPSFS2009_13.pdf |archive-date=2009-08-07 |url-status=live |title=Rikspolisstyrelsens forfattnings-samling |publisher=Polisen.se |access-date=18 February 2015}}</ref> The ] issue licenses to persons older than 18 years in good standing on the "need to have" basis, which generally implies either hunting or sport shooting. Passing a hunting examination or membership in an approved sport shooting club for six months is required. Sport shooting licenses must be renewed every 5 years, whereas hunting licenses are valid for the lifetime of the holder. License-holders may lend a weapon to a person at least 15 years of age for supervised use.
	A separate license is required for each particular firearm or caliber conversion kit. There's no codified limit on the number of licenses a person can hold, but in practice a license-holder may own up to six hunting rifles, ten handguns, or a mix of eight rifles and handguns. Firearms must be stored in an approved safe. A firearm registered for hunting may be used for sport shooting, but not vice versa. Licenses obtained for hunting are implicitly limited to bolt-action or, more rarely, semi-automatic rifles that are "applicable for hunting", with no strict definition of the latter in the laws, which causes controversy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://svenskjakt.se/start/nyhet/annu-ett-bakslag-for-polisen-i-tikka-malet/ | title=Polisen om Tikka-domen: En betydande rättsosäkerhet| date=19 December 2018}}</ref>		A separate license is required for each particular firearm or caliber conversion kit. There's no codified limit on the number of licenses a person can hold, but in practice a license-holder may own up to six hunting rifles, ten handguns, or a mix of eight rifles and handguns. Firearms must be stored in an approved safe. A firearm registered for hunting may be used for sport shooting, but not vice versa. In 2023, previous restrictions on hunting licenses for semi-automatic firearms based on appearance or military origin were lifted, and as a result the only remaining restrictions specific to hunting are a minimum total weapon length exceeding 60 cm and magazine size on semi-automatic rifles and magazine-fed shotguns.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 December 2023 |title=Nu är AR-vapen tillåtna för jakt |url=https://www.jaktojagare.se/utrustning/nu-ar-ar-vapen-tillatna-for-jakt/ |website=Jakt & Jägare}}</ref> Licenses for fully automatic weapons are not generally issued, with limited exceptions for collection and sport shooting using the WWII era ].
	Starting 1 July 2022, suppressors no longer require a separate license and can be freely acquired by anyone with a valid gun license and can be legally used both for hunting and target shooting.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://polisen.se/tjanster-tillstand/vapen-regler-och-tillstand/ljuddampare/ | title=Från och med den 1 juli 2022 gäller nya regler för ljuddämpare.| publisher=polisen.se |access-date=2022-07-10}}</ref>		Starting 1 July 2022, suppressors no longer require a separate license and can be freely acquired by anyone with a valid gun license and can be legally used both for hunting and target shooting.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://polisen.se/tjanster-tillstand/vapen-regler-och-tillstand/ljuddampare/ | title=Från och med den 1 juli 2022 gäller nya regler för ljuddämpare.| publisher=polisen.se |access-date=2022-07-10}}</ref>
	Self-defense with firearms, as well as carry, is generally prohibited. Carry permits can be issued by the police under very special circumstances like an immediate and proven life threat. Transportation of unloaded firearms is allowed to and from approved shooting ranges or hunting grounds. Sweden is notorious for having even pepper spray and other nonlethal self-defence methods under its weapons law with similar legal punishments for misuse.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mace-europe.com/eu-pepper-spray-laws/|title=PEPPER SPRAY LAWS|website=mace-europe.com}}</ref>		Self-defense with firearms, as well as carry, is generally prohibited. Carry permits can be issued by the police under very special circumstances like an immediate and demonstrable threat to life. Transportation of unloaded firearms is allowed to and from approved shooting ranges or hunting grounds. Sweden is notorious for having even pepper spray and other nonlethal self-defence methods under its weapons law with similar legal punishments for misuse.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mace-europe.com/eu-pepper-spray-laws/|title=PEPPER SPRAY LAWS|website=mace-europe.com|access-date=26 May 2022|archive-date=27 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527060521/https://mace-europe.com/eu-pepper-spray-laws/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	Firearm collectors must have a clearly stated demarcation of their interest in collecting (e.g.: pre-World War II British handguns). The police may demand security measures on keeping the collection. Collectors may request a time-limited permit to discharge their weapons. Firearms manufactured before 1890 and not using sealed cartridges are exempt from the weapon law.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Dokument-Lagar/Lagar/Svenskforfattningssamling/Vapenlag-199667_sfs-1996-67/#K1 |title=Svensk författningssamling 1996:67 Vapenlag (1996:67) |publisher=riksdagen.se |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref>		Firearm collectors must have a clearly stated demarcation of their interest in collecting (e.g.: pre-World War II British handguns). The police may demand security measures on keeping the collection. Collectors may request a time-limited permit to discharge their weapons. Firearms manufactured before 1890 and not using sealed cartridges are exempt from the weapon law.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Dokument-Lagar/Lagar/Svenskforfattningssamling/Vapenlag-199667_sfs-1996-67/#K1 |title=Svensk författningssamling 1996:67 Vapenlag (1996:67) |publisher=riksdagen.se |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref>
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	In ], a license is required to own or possess firearms. A national government safety course must be passed before applying for a license. A special license is required to own a handgun, which may only be used for target shooting at a licensed range. Semi-automatic firearms have caliber restrictions, while fully automatic firearms are only permitted for collectors.		In ], a license is required to own or possess firearms. A national government safety course must be passed before applying for a license. A special license is required to own a handgun, which may only be used for target shooting at a licensed range. Semi-automatic firearms have caliber restrictions, while fully automatic firearms are only permitted for collectors.
	Applicants must sit through a mandatory four-hour lecture on the "history and physics of the firearm".<ref name="NBC" /> Paperwork must be filed in the police, magistrate, and the ]. Applicants need to prove clean criminal records, need to be evaluated by a doctor to prove they "are of sound mind" and have "good enough eyesight". Two books referring to guns must be bought and read, a three-day course must be attended, and the applicant should score at least 75% on exams concerning gun safety, management, "what animals are allowed to be hunted and when". Finally, a practical exam must be taken. After Icelanders have their license, they need to own a gun safe to store the weapons in, plus a separate place to store the ammunition".<ref name="Grapevine">{{cite web |last1=Fontaine |first1=Andie |title=Firearms in Iceland |url=https://grapevine.is/news/2019/09/17/police-count-about-70000-registered-firearms-in-iceland/ |website=The Reykjavik Grapevine |date=17 September 2019 |access-date=28 October 2019}}</ref>		Applicants must sit through a mandatory four-hour lecture on the "history and physics of the firearm".<ref name="NBC" /> Paperwork must be filed in the police, magistrate, and the ]. Applicants need to prove clean criminal records, need to be evaluated by a doctor to prove they "are of sound mind" and have "good enough eyesight". Two books referring to guns must be bought and read, a three-day course must be attended, and the applicant should score at least 75% on exams concerning gun safety, management, "what animals are allowed to be hunted and when. Finally, a practical exam must be taken. After Icelanders have their license, they need to own a gun safe to store the weapons in, plus a separate place to store the ammunition".<ref name="Grapevine">{{cite web |last1=Fontaine |first1=Andie |title=Firearms in Iceland |url=https://grapevine.is/news/2019/09/17/police-count-about-70000-registered-firearms-in-iceland/ |website=The Reykjavik Grapevine |date=17 September 2019 |access-date=28 October 2019}}</ref>
	Approximately one gun is owned for every three people in the country, being used mostly for hunting and competitive shooting.<ref name="NBC">{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=Alexander |last2=Banic |first2=Vladimir |title=Iceland is a gun-loving country with no shooting murders since 2007 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/iceland-gun-loving-country-no-shooting-murders-2007-n872726 |website=NBC News |date=28 May 2018 |access-date=28 October 2019}}</ref> From January to July 2019, 394 shotguns, 785 rifles, and 208 handguns were registered in Iceland. In total, police counts for guns in Iceland include about 40,000 shotguns, 25,000 rifles, and 3,600 handguns as of July that year.<ref name="Grapevine" />		Approximately one gun is owned for every three people in the country, being used mostly for hunting and competitive shooting.<ref name="NBC">{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=Alexander |last2=Banic |first2=Vladimir |title=Iceland is a gun-loving country with no shooting murders since 2007 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/iceland-gun-loving-country-no-shooting-murders-2007-n872726 |website=NBC News |date=28 May 2018 |access-date=28 October 2019}}</ref> From January to July 2019, 394 shotguns, 785 rifles, and 208 handguns were registered in Iceland. In total, police counts for guns in Iceland include about 40,000 shotguns, 25,000 rifles, and 3,600 handguns as of July that year.<ref name="Grapevine" />
	=== Monaco ===		=== Monaco ===
	Law in Monaco divides firearms into two categories:<ref> Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Monaco — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>		Law in Monaco divides firearms into two categories:<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226200406/https://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/monaco |date=26 December 2023 }} Alpers, Philip and Marcus Wilson. 2022. Monaco — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law. Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney. GunPolicy.org, 7 December. Accessed 26 December 2023.</ref>
	* Category "A" weapons including hand guns, semi-automatic firearms and those firing ] require membership in the Monaco Rifle Club, a certificate of aptitude and handling for the requested weapon, and no past history of treatment in a psychiatric unit;		* Category "A" weapons including hand guns, semi-automatic firearms and those firing ] require membership in the Monaco Rifle Club, a certificate of aptitude and handling for the requested weapon, and no past history of treatment in a psychiatric unit;
	* Category "B" weapons are hunting weapons that do not require licensing unless they are imported.		* Category "B" weapons are hunting weapons that do not require licensing unless they are imported.
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	Fully automatic firearms are prohibited. Carrying firearms in public places is prohibited.		Fully automatic firearms are prohibited. Carrying firearms in public places is prohibited.
	North Macedonia has its own defense industry with ATS Group,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ats.com.mk/macedonias-leading-defense-industry-company-ats-group-among-the-biggest-exhibitors-at-idex-2023/ |title=MACEDONIA'S LEADING DEFENSE INDUSTRY COMPANY – ATS GROUP – AMONG THE BIGGEST EXHIBITORS AT IDEX 2023 |last=Group |first=ATS |date= 23 February 2023 |website= www.ats.com.mk}}</ref> Eurokompozit Prilep		North Macedonia has its own defense industry with ATS Group,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ats.com.mk/macedonias-leading-defense-industry-company-ats-group-among-the-biggest-exhibitors-at-idex-2023/ |title=MACEDONIA'S LEADING DEFENSE INDUSTRY COMPANY – ATS GROUP – AMONG THE BIGGEST EXHIBITORS AT IDEX 2023 | publisher=ATS Group | date= 23 February 2023 |website= www.ats.com.mk}}</ref> Eurokompozit Prilep
	===Norway===		===Norway===
	{{Main|Firearms regulation in Norway}}		{{Main|Firearms regulation in Norway}}
	Firearm ownership in Norway is controlled by laws passed by the ],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-20 |title=Lov om våpen, skytevåpen, våpendelar og ammunisjon (våpenlova) - Lovdata |url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2018-04-20-7 |access-date=2023-06-26 |website=lovdata.no}}</ref> with further regulations passed by the ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-11 |title=Forskrift om våpen, skytevåpen, våpendelar og ammunisjon (våpenforskrifta) - Lovdata |url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/2021-05-07-1452 |url-status= |access-date=2023-06-26 |website=lovdata.no}}</ref> The ] can issue government circulars with further in depth definition of how the firearm regulations should be interpreted (by the police).		Firearm ownership in Norway is controlled by laws passed by the ],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-20 |title=Lov om våpen, skytevåpen, våpendelar og ammunisjon (våpenlova) - Lovdata |url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2018-04-20-7 |access-date=2023-06-26 |website=lovdata.no}}</ref> with further regulations passed by the ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-11 |title=Forskrift om våpen, skytevåpen, våpendelar og ammunisjon (våpenforskrifta) - Lovdata |url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/2021-05-07-1452 |access-date=2023-06-26 |website=lovdata.no}}</ref> The ] can issue government circulars with further in depth definition of how the firearm regulations should be interpreted (by the police).
	The ] can issue firearms licenses to those with a hunting license or members of a sports shooting club. They can also issue licenses to ''Norwegian historical weapons society'' collectors,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Norsk Våpenhistorisk Selskap {{!}} |url=https://www.vapenhistorisk.no/ |access-date=2023-06-26 |language=nb-NO}}</ref> museums, ''international ship and port facility security'' and more.		The ] can issue firearms licenses to those with a hunting license or members of a sports shooting club. They can also issue licenses to ''Norwegian historical weapons society'' collectors,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Norsk Våpenhistorisk Selskap {{!}} |url=https://www.vapenhistorisk.no/ |access-date=2023-06-26 |language=nb-NO}}</ref> museums, ''international ship and port facility security'' and more.
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	===Russia===		===Russia===
	{{main|Gun control in Russia}}		{{main|Gun control in Russia}}
	]n citizens over 21 years of age can obtain a firearms license after attending gun-safety classes and passing a federal test and background check. Firearms may be acquired for self-defense, hunting, or sports activities. Carrying permits may be issued for hunting firearms licensed for hunting purposes. Initially, purchases are limited to long ] firearms and ]s with a muzzle energy of up to {{convert|25|J|ftlbf}}. After five years of shotgun ownership, rifles may be purchased. Handguns are generally not allowed (except traumatic handguns which are allowed for self-defense but can fire only cartridges with ]s<ref>Федеральный закон от 13.12.1996 N 150-ФЗ (ред. от 08.12.2020) "Об оружии", статья 13</ref>), but with the growing popularity of practical shooting events and competitions in Russia in recent years (e.g. IPSC), handgun ownership has now been allowed and the handguns have to be stored at a shooting club. Rifles and shotguns with barrels less than {{convert|500|mm|abbr=on}} long are prohibited, as are firearms which shoot in bursts or have more than a 10-cartridge capacity. Suppressors are prohibited.<ref name="Russian guns">{{cite web|title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Russian Federation|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/russia.php|publisher=Law.gov|access-date=15 August 2013}}</ref>{{See also|Gun laws in the Soviet Union}}		]n citizens over 21 years of age can obtain a firearms license after attending gun safety classes and passing a federal test and background check. Firearms may be acquired for self-defense, hunting, or sports activities. Carry permits may be issued for hunting firearms licensed for hunting purposes. Initially, purchases are limited to long ] firearms and ]s with a muzzle energy of up to {{convert|25|J|ftlbf}}. After five years of shotgun ownership, rifles may be purchased. Handguns are generally not allowed (except ]s which are allowed for self-defense but can fire only cartridges with ]s<ref>Федеральный закон от 13.12.1996 N 150-ФЗ (ред. от 08.12.2020) "Об оружии", статья 13</ref>), but with the growing popularity of practical shooting events and competitions in Russia in recent years (e.g. IPSC), handgun ownership has now been allowed and the handguns have to be stored at a shooting club. Rifles and shotguns with barrels shorter than {{convert|500|mm|abbr=on}} are prohibited, as are firearms which shoot in bursts or have more than a 10-cartridge capacity. Suppressors are prohibited.<ref name="Russian guns">{{cite web|title=Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy: Russian Federation|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/russia.php|publisher=Law.gov|access-date=15 August 2013}}</ref>{{See also|Gun laws in the Soviet Union}}
	===Serbia===		===Serbia===
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	===Ukraine===		===Ukraine===
	{{main|Gun law in Ukraine}}		{{main|Gun law in Ukraine}}
	{{As of|2022|02|27}} there are no restrictions on ownership of any types of weapons, in fact the Ukrainian government has given out thousands of military-grade weapons to its populace. This is due to the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian war.		{{As of|2022|02|27}} there are no restrictions on ownership of any types of weapons, in fact the Ukrainian government has given out thousands of ] to its populace. This is due to the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian war.
	Ukraine is the only European country without firearms legislation. Regulation is by executive fiat; specifically, Order No.&nbsp;622 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. A firearm license may be issued to citizens who meet an age requirement (21 for shotguns, 18 for shotguns for hunting purposes, and 25 for rifles), have no criminal record or history of domestic violence or mental illness and have a specific reason such as target shooting, hunting or collecting. Handguns of .22, 9&nbsp;mm, .357&nbsp;magnum and .38 caliber are permitted only for target shooting and those who can prove a threat against their lives (who are typically also given concealed carry permits).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cp/ukraine |title=Guns in Ukraine: Firearms, armed violence and gun law |publisher=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-05-07 |access-date=2014-04-19}}</ref> All firearms must be stored unloaded in a safe.		Ukraine is the only European country without firearms legislation. Regulation is by executive fiat; specifically, Order No.&nbsp;622 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. A firearm license may be issued to citizens who meet an age requirement (21 for shotguns, 18 for shotguns for hunting purposes, and 25 for rifles), have no criminal record or history of domestic violence or mental illness and have a specific reason such as target shooting, hunting or collecting. Handguns of .22, 9&nbsp;mm, .357&nbsp;magnum and .38 caliber are permitted only for target shooting and those who can prove a threat against their lives (who are typically also given concealed carry permits).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cp/ukraine |title=Guns in Ukraine: Firearms, armed violence and gun law |publisher=Gunpolicy.org |date=2001-05-07 |access-date=2014-04-19 |archive-date=4 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140504143301/http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cp/Ukraine |url-status=dead }}</ref> All firearms must be stored unloaded in a safe.
	Citizens wishing to purchase weapons must complete courses on the fundamentals of Ukrainian legislation on weapons, their technical design and rules for the safe handling of weapons, as well as practical shooting. The organization of relevant courses is assigned to the internal affairs bodies. In order to obtain a weapon permit, citizens submit an application in the prescribed form, a certificate of completion of relevant courses, undergo a medical examination, an inspection of the internal affairs agencies and pass a test on the fundamentals of current legislation and rules for handling weapons and their application skills.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/z0637-98|title=Про затвердження Інструкції про порядок виготовлення, придбання, зберігання, обліку, перевезення та використання вогнепальної, пневматичної, холодної і охолощеної зброї, пристроїв вітчизняного виробництва для відстрілу патронів, споряджених гумовими чи аналогічними за своїми властивостями метальними снарядами несмертельної дії, та патронів до них, а також боєприпасів до зброї, основних частин зброї та вибухових матеріалів|website=Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України}}</ref>		Citizens wishing to purchase weapons must complete courses on the fundamentals of Ukrainian legislation on weapons, their technical design and rules for the safe handling of weapons, as well as practical shooting. The organization of relevant courses is assigned to the internal affairs bodies. In order to obtain a weapon permit, citizens submit an application in the prescribed form, a certificate of completion of relevant courses, undergo a medical examination, an inspection of the internal affairs agencies and pass a test on the fundamentals of current legislation and rules for handling weapons and their application skills.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/z0637-98|title=Про затвердження Інструкції про порядок виготовлення, придбання, зберігання, обліку, перевезення та використання вогнепальної, пневматичної, холодної і охолощеної зброї, пристроїв вітчизняного виробництва для відстрілу патронів, споряджених гумовими чи аналогічними за своїми властивостями метальними снарядами несмертельної дії, та патронів до них, а також боєприпасів до зброї, основних частин зброї та вибухових матеріалів|website=Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України}}</ref>
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	Article 263 of the Ukrainian Criminal Code says that for illegal carrying, storing and selling firearms, explosives and ammunition a person faces from 3 to 7 years in prison.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://podrobnosti.ua/2225265-kto-v-ukraine-imeet-pravo-na-noshenie-oruzhija.html|title=Оружие в Украине: кто и как может получить разрешение|first=Кристина|last=Голомах-Меир|date=9 February 2018|website=podrobnosti}}</ref>		Article 263 of the Ukrainian Criminal Code says that for illegal carrying, storing and selling firearms, explosives and ammunition a person faces from 3 to 7 years in prison.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://podrobnosti.ua/2225265-kto-v-ukraine-imeet-pravo-na-noshenie-oruzhija.html|title=Оружие в Украине: кто и как может получить разрешение|first=Кристина|last=Голомах-Меир|date=9 February 2018|website=podrobnosti}}</ref>
	Weapon permits are not issued, and issued ones are canceled if there are:<ref name="guns.ua">{{Cite web|url=http://www.guns.ua/blog/news/zakon-ukrainy-ob-oruzhii|title=Закон Украины об оружии: применение, ношение и перевозка оружия|website=www.guns.ua}}</ref>		Weapon permits are not issued, and issued ones are canceled if there are:<ref name="guns.ua">{{Cite web|url=http://www.guns.ua/blog/news/zakon-ukrainy-ob-oruzhii|title=Закон Украины об оружии: применение, ношение и перевозка оружия|website=www.guns.ua|access-date=20 November 2018|archive-date=23 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123053248/http://www.guns.ua/blog/news/zakon-ukrainy-ob-oruzhii|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	* Certificates (conclusions) of the medical institution that a person cannot own a weapon for health reasons;		* Certificates (conclusions) of the medical institution that a person cannot own a weapon for health reasons;
	* The court's decision to declare him incompetent, partially capable, or to lead missing;		* The court's decision to declare him incompetent, partially capable, or to lead missing;
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	{{Main|Gun law in New Zealand}}		{{Main|Gun law in New Zealand}}
	New Zealand's gun laws focus mainly on vetting firearm owners. A firearms licence may be issued by police to applicants who attend a safety lecture, pass a written test on safety and the Arms Code, and have secure storage for firearms and ammunition; the police will also interview the applicant and two references to be certain the applicant is "fit and proper" to own a firearm. Having criminal associations, a history of domestic violence, mental instability, or alcohol or drug use almost always result in the application being denied. Misbehavior involving firearms commonly leads to a firearms licence being revoked by police. Even when licensed, a person may only be in possession of a firearm for a particular lawful, proper and sufficient purpose,<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203093025/http://www.police.govt.nz/about-us/publication/arms-code/your-duties-and-legal-requirements |date=3 February 2017 }}, NZ Police</ref>		New Zealand's gun laws focus mainly on vetting firearm owners. A firearms licence may be issued by police to applicants who attend a safety lecture, pass a written test on safety and the Arms Code, and have secure storage for firearms and ammunition; the police will also interview the applicant and two references to be certain the applicant is "fit and proper" to own a firearm. Having criminal associations, a history of domestic violence, mental instability, or alcohol or drug use almost always result in the application being denied. Misbehavior involving firearms commonly leads to a firearms licence being revoked by police. Even when licensed, a person may only be in possession of a firearm for a particular lawful, proper and sufficient purpose,<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203093025/http://www.police.govt.nz/about-us/publication/arms-code/your-duties-and-legal-requirements |date=3 February 2017 }}, NZ Police</ref>
	for which the NZ Police policy is to exclude self-defense, however this is not written in the Arms Act or supporting regulations.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151029173445/http://www.police.govt.nz/about-us/publication/arms-code/firearms-licensing |date=29 October 2015 }} NZ Police</ref>		for which the NZ Police policy is to exclude self-defense, however this is not written in the Arms Act or supporting regulations.<ref name="police.govt.nz"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151029173445/http://www.police.govt.nz/about-us/publication/arms-code/firearms-licensing |date=29 October 2015 }} NZ Police</ref>
			Machine carbines, sub-machine guns, and firearms capable of full automatic fire are all classified as restricted weapons, requiring a special procurement permit issued by the Police.<ref>{{cite web |title=Arms (Restricted Weapons and Specially Dangerous Airguns) Order 1984 |url=https://www.legislation.govt.nz/regulation/public/1984/0122/latest/DLM95646.html |website=New Zealand Legislation |access-date=27 March 2024}}</ref> Additionally, pistols intended for use outside of Commissioner-approved shooting ranges are subject to specific regulations and may require special permits beyond those for shooting club use.<ref name="police.govt.nz"/>
	Handguns, machine guns, or selective-fire assault rifles require stricter vetting procedures, a higher level of storage security, and a "special reason" for obtaining the weapon. The applicant must gain an appropriate endorsement on their licence and a permit to procure before obtaining.
	After the ] in 2019, legislation to restrict semi-automatic firearms and magazines with a capacity of more than 10 rounds, and provide an amnesty and buyback of such weapons was introduced and passed by the New Zealand parliament.		After the ] in 2019, legislation to restrict semi-automatic firearms and magazines with a capacity of more than 10 rounds, and provide an amnesty and buyback of such weapons was introduced and passed by the New Zealand parliament.
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	==External links==		==External links==
	* – University of Sydney hosted database on armed violence, firearm law and gun control {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210185453/https://www.gunpolicy.org/|date=December 10, 2023}}		* – University of Sydney hosted database on armed violence, firearm law and gun control {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210185453/https://www.gunpolicy.org/|date=10 December 2023}}
	* with		* with
	* The Aware News. Retrieved 24 June 2022		* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629055258/https://www.theawarenews.com/2022/06/25/us-supreme-court-strikes-down-new-york-handgun-law/ |date=29 June 2022 }} The Aware News. Retrieved 24 June 2022
	* ], ], 2007		* ], ], 2007
	*		*
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	{{Law country lists}}		{{Law country lists}}
	{{Firearms}}		{{Firearms}}
			{{Hunting topics}}
	{{Authority control}}		{{Authority control}}

---

Latest revision as of 16:15, 13 December 2024

Regulations on arms and ammunition "Gun laws" redirects here. For a description of the concept, see Gun control. For other uses, see Gun Law (disambiguation).

Gun laws and policies, collectively referred to as firearms regulation or gun control, regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, and use of small arms by civilians. Laws of some countries may afford civilians a right to keep and bear arms, and have more liberal gun laws than neighboring jurisdictions. Gun control typically restricts access to certain categories of firearms and limits the categories of persons who may be granted permission to access firearms. There may be separate licenses for hunting, sport shooting, self-defense, collecting, and concealed carry, each with different sets of requirements, privileges, and responsibilities.

Gun laws are usually justified by a legislature's intent to curb the usage of small arms in crime, and to this end they frequently target types of arms identified in crimes and shootings, such as handguns and other types of concealable firearms. Semi-automatic rifle designs which are derived from service rifles, sometimes colloquially referred to as assault rifles, often face additional scrutiny from lawmakers. Persons restricted from legal access to firearms may include those below a certain age or those with a criminal record. Firearms licenses to purchase or possess may be denied to those defined as most at risk of harming or murdering themselves or others, persons with a history of domestic violence, alcohol use disorder or substance use disorder, mental illness, depression, or those who have attempted suicide. Those applying for a firearm license may need to demonstrate competence by completing a gun safety course and/or show provisions for a secure location to store weapons.

The legislation which restricts small arms may also restrict other weapons, such as explosives, crossbows, swords, electroshock weapons, air guns, and pepper spray. It may also restrict firearm accessories, notably high-capacity magazines, sound suppressors, and devices such as auto sears, which enable fully automatic fire. There may be restrictions on the quantity or types of ammunition purchased, with certain types prohibited. Due to the global scope of this article, detailed coverage cannot be provided on all these matters; the article will instead attempt to briefly summarize each country's weapon laws in regard to small arms use and ownership by civilians.

Vocabulary and terminology

Firearms are not defined the same way in each country.

Some terms are used in several countries in the context of gun laws. These include the following:

• shall-issue: granting of a required license or permit is subject only to the applicant's meeting determinate criteria laid out in the law; the granting authority has no discretion in the awarding of licenses.
• may-issue: granting of a required permit or license is partially at the discretion of local authorities. Some jurisdictions may provide administrative and legal avenues for an applicant to appeal a permit denial, while others may not.
• no-issue: granting of a required permit or license is forbidden, or, at most, allowed only in certain very limited circumstances.

Gun laws might be classified by countries according to some specific common characteristics:

• Yemen does not require any permit or any license for the acquisition or selling of any types of firearms, including fully automatic firearms.
• Most U.S. states do not require any permit or any license for the acquisition or selling of most types of firearms, meaning they're sold over the counter and no license is required for buying a great number of firearms. Citizens (excluding prohibited persons in the latter case) may freely buy them from licensed and state authorized dealers or suppliers.
• Some countries including Austria, Liechtenstein, Philippines, and Switzerland are partially licensed, meaning that any non-prohibited citizen may buy repeating rifles and break-action shotguns from licensed dealers and a permit is required only for handguns and semi-automatic firearms.
• Some countries allow firearm ownership without good reason or with a simple declaration of reason. For example, in Austria, while the law requires an applicant to have good reason to acquire a license for a handgun, self-defense at home is accepted as a good reason. Canada and New Zealand do not require good reason for applicants' acquisition of most types of long guns, although they require it for restricted weapons like handguns.
• Some countries require an applicant to show good reason to secure a firearm license. In some, like Poland and Malta, the list of good reasons and conditions that must be met is explicitly stated in the law. In others, like Kenya and the United Kingdom, the law does not specify what constitutes a good reason and leaves it at the discretion of authorities, but good or legitimate reasons for obtaining a firearm are hunting, sport shooting, collecting, and self defense.
• In some countries, like China, Japan, Venezuela and Myanmar, only people that are abled and trained and are meeting narrow conditions are allowed to own firearms, and few licenses are issued.
• In some countries, including Cambodia, Eritrea, and the Solomon Islands, ownership of firearms by civilians is completely prohibited with exceptions for private security companies, militias and paramilitary groups.

Firearms license

A firearms license (also known as a gun license; or licence in British English) is a license or permit issued by a government authority (typically by the police) of a jurisdiction, that allows the licensee to buy, own, possess, or carry a firearm, often subject to a number of conditions or restrictions, especially with regard to storage requirements or the completion of a firearms safety course, as well as background checks, etc. Firearms licenses are not required in all jurisdictions. Additionally, some countries or states may require by law a "permit-to-purchase" in order to buy handguns or firearms. A licence may also be required to buy ammunition.

The permit or license scope varies according to what firearm(s) or activity(s) it allows the holder to legally do with the firearm. Some jurisdictions may require a firearm license to own a firearm, to engage in hunting, target shooting or collecting, or to carry a concealed firearm, or operate a business (such as being a gun dealer or a gunsmith). Some jurisdictions may require separate licenses for rifles, shotguns or handguns.

The requirement to have a firearm license is usually in addition to a requirement for firearm registration. For example, gun laws in Australia require firearms to be registered by serial number to the owner, who holds a firearm licence.

Comparison

This section uses the expressions shall issue and may issue which are partly specific to and defined by the US system of firearm regulations.

Possession of long guns by country:   No permit required for semi-automatic long guns   Partially licensed – repeating long guns permitless, semi-automatic with permit   Allowed with permit – no good reason required or simple declaration of reason   Allowed with permit – good reason (like sport shooting license or proving danger to life required).   Prohibited with exceptions or prohibited in practice – few licenses are issued   Prohibited – Civilians are banned from obtaining long guns.   Different rules regarding shotguns and rifles Some countries in these categories may place additional restrictions or ban semi-automatic long guns.Notes:

- Map describes policy regarding obtaining new firearms regardless of whether firearms that were produced before the ban were grandfathered.

Possession of handguns by country:   No permit required – Permits or licenses are not required to obtain handguns.   Allowed with permit – no good reason required or simple declaration of reason   Allowed with permit – good reason (like sport shooting license or proving danger to life) required   Prohibited with exceptions or prohibited in practice – few licenses are issued   Prohibited – Civilians are banned from obtaining handguns.Notes:

- Map describes policy regarding obtaining new firearms regardless of whether firearms that were produced before the ban were grandfathered.

Gun laws worldwide

Region	Good reason		Permitted types of firearms				Carrying firearms		Magazine capacity limits	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (exc. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry
Independent countries
Afghanistan	Not for shotguns and antique firearms	Restricted	Yes – shall issue	Restricted	Restricted	Private security companies	Private security companies	Restricted	No	No
Albania	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Proof of threat to life required	Yes – shall issue	Self-defense permits	Yes – shall issue	No	No	Self-defense permits	3 (S,R)	No
Algeria	Yes – hunting (restricted)	No	Shotguns and air rifles only	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes
Andorra	No (with exceptions)Exceptions ISSF-approved pistols require membership in sport shooting organization	Yes – home defense	Shotguns – permitless, other under license	Yes – shall issue		No	Yes	Justification required	No	Yes
Angola	Private security companies only		Restricted	Restricted	Restricted	No	Restricted	Restricted	None	Yes
Antigua and Barbuda	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	5
Argentina	Yes – collecting, sport shooting, hunting	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue			No	Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted	Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted	No	No	Three years; six for prohibited weapons
Armenia	Not for shotguns Rifles Five years of shotgun ownership required for rifles	Yes (shotguns only)	Yes – under license	No	Yes – under license	No	No	No		No
Australia	Yes – see table	No	May issue – shall issue in practice	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted	May issue - restricted in some states, otherwise No	No	No	Varies internally	No	Determined by the courts
Austria (EU)	Simple declaration of reason (hunting, sport shooting, collection)	Some firearms permitless Most firearms shall issue	With background check Repeating, revolving and break-action rifles and break-action shotguns Shall-issue Repeating shotguns Restricted Pump-action shotguns	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	May issue – restricted (special federal permit required)	Same as in case of concealed carryExceptions Permitless for members of traditional rifle clubs during ceremonial occasions and preparatory exercise for such occasions	May issue - restricted	10 (SACF) 20 (P)	Weapons made before 1871 and most black powder weapons	2
Azerbaijan	Not for shotguns Required for rifles Membership in hunting organization for at least five years required for rifles	No	Yes – under license	No	No	No		No		No
Bahrain	At discretion of authorities		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	No	No		No	15
Bangladesh	None except self-defense accepted	Justification required – restricted	Up to one	Up to one	No	No	No	Restricted		No
Barbados	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		No	5
Bahamas	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – under license	May issue – restricted	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	7
Belarus	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	No	Yes – under license	No	Yes – under license	No	No	No	10 (S,R)
Belgium (EU)	Yes – collection, hunting, sport shooting	Justification required	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – may issue		May issue – restricted	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Belize	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue			No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No
Benin	High social standing required		Restricted	Restricted	Restricted	No	No	No		No
Bhutan	Yes		May issue – restricted							No
Bolivia	Yes – hunting and sport shooting (membership in organization required)	Rarely issued	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	No		Self-defense permits	None	No
Bosnia and Herzegovina		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue			Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		No
Botswana	Yes – unspecified		May issue – no issue in practice	No (moratorium since 1990)	May issue – no issue in practice	No	No	No		No	10
Brazil	Yes – sport shooting, collecting, hunting	Proof of threat to life required	Yes – shall issue		Yes – shall issue	No	No	May issue – restricted	No	No	3 years; 6 for restricted weapons
Brunei	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No
Bulgaria (EU)	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Justification required	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No		Restricted	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No
Burkina Faso	No new licenses since February 2020	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No
Burundi	Yes – sport shooting, hunting	Proof of threat to life required	Yes – may issue			No	Maybe	Proof of threat to life required		No	10
Canada	Not for non-restricted firearms Required for restricted firearms Target shooting or collector required for restricted	May issue – restricted	Yes – shall issue	No pre-2022 owners grandfathered	Yes – Some models are restricted or prohibited	No pre-1978 owners grandfathered	Non-Restricted in rural public land only Restricted otherwise may issue – Restricted	May issue – Highly Restricted	10 (P) 5 (SACFR) No (other)	non-restricted only	10
Cambodia	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	2
Cameroon	At discretion of authorities		Yes – may issue. Sale banned in Ambazonia regions.			No	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		No
Cape Verde	Yes – unspecified	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	No	Yes – may issue		No
Central African Republic	Only members of parliament (de jure)		Officially prohibited for civilians (widely unenforced)
Chad	At discretion of authorities		Rarely issued	Rarely issued	Rarely issued	No					5
Chile	Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting (for more than two firearms)	Yes (up to two)	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		No	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted	None (self defense licenses)	No	10
China (excl. Hong Kong and Macau)	Hunting – restricted	No	May issue – restricted	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	7
Colombia	Yes – sport shooting and collecting	Justification required (interpretation varies by region)	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		May issue – restricted	Moratorium in place with narrow exceptions	Moratorium in place with narrow exceptions		No
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Comoros	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No
Costa Rica	Yes – sport shooting, collection, hunting (for more than 3 firearms)	Yes – shall issue (up to 3)	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No	No	Yes – shall issue	None (RF) Yes (CF)	No
Croatia (EU)	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Proof of threat to life required	Yes – shall issue		Yes – shall issue	No	No	Yes – may issue	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No	60 days
Cuba	Yes – hunting, sport shooting and collecting	Restricted	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	No	No	Restricted		No
Cyprus (EU)	No	Yes – shotguns only	Yes – shotguns only	No	No	No	May issue – restricted	No	10 (S)	No
Czech Republic (EU)	Simple declaration of reason	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue Permitless for category C-I and D firearms			May issue – restricted	Specific circumstances only General public: Allowed within context of activity that includes shooting or similar handling of firearms and when commonly considered appropriate, e.g. hunting, reenactment, biathlon, etc. Service purposes: Municipal Police and Czech National Bank Security while on-duty (unlike State Police, these are considered civilians)	Yes – shall issue Permitless for category C-I and D firearms	Shall issue exemption, Only for SACF: 10 (LG) 20 (P)	Weapons made before 1890	2 (8 in special cases)
DR Congo	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		No	10
Congo	Yes – hunting	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue (up to one)	Yes – may issue	No	Restricted	Restricted		Yes	5
Denmark (EU) (excl. Greenland and Faroe Islands)	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	No	Yes – may issue	Yes		No	No	No	20 (P) 2 (SAR - No restriction for sporting rifles or rimfire cartridges) No (Other)	Only shotguns pre 2001	1 (minimum)
Djibouti	May issue – restricted		May issue – restricted
Dominica	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No
Dominican Republic	New licenses rarely issued as a result of import ban		Shotguns only	Yes – under license	No	No	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		No
Ecuador	Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collection	Yes (one handgun)	Yes (up to two firearms in total)			No	No	Restricted		No
East Timor	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	1
Egypt	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue				Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	up to life imprisonment
El Salvador		Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue		No		Yes – shall issue		No	5
Eritrea	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No
Ethiopia	Yes – unspecified		Shotguns only	Yes – may issue	No	No	No	Yes – may issue		No
Estonia (EU)	Yes – hunting, target shooting, collecting	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Shall issue – members of Defence League off duty	No	Yes – shall issue (no bullet in chamber – except revolvers)	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No	3
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Equatorial Guinea	Yes – hunting		Shotguns only	No	No	No		No		No
Fiji	All licenses suspended in 2000	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	2–10
Finland (EU)	Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting	No	Shall issue in practice	Yes	Yes	May issue – restricted	No	No	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No	2
France (EU)	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	May issue – restricted	Yes – shall issue	Yes	Yes	No	No	May issue – restricted	20 (P) 30 (R)	No	7
Gabon		Yes – justification required	Rarely issued	Rarely issued				Rarely issued
Gambia	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Restricted	Restricted	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	10
Georgia (country)	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Yes (handguns only)	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No				No
Germany (EU)	Yes – sport shooting, hunting, collecting	Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No	Proof of threat to life required – Near no issue in practice	Proof of threat to life required – Near no issue in practice	20 (SACFP) 10 (SACFR, SACFS)	No	10
Ghana	Yes – hunting	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shotguns only	Yes – shall issue	No	No	No	Yes	No	No
Greece (EU)	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Proof of threat to life required	Yes	Yes		No	Yes	Yes	No	No
Grenada	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	5
Guinea	Yes – hunting	Restricted	Restricted	Restricted	No	No	Long guns (all legal owners)	No	No	Yes (plans to establish registry)
Guinea-Bissau	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No
Guyana	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	May issue – restricted	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	10
Guatemala	Not for possession	Yes – government approval required	Yes – shall issue	Yes	Yes – shall issue	No	No	Yes (with self-defense permit)		No	15
Haiti	Rarely issued since 2003		Restricted	Restricted	Restricted	No	No	Restricted		Yes	5
Honduras	No	Yes	Yes – shall issue	Yes	Yes – up to .303 caliber	No	No	No		No	10
Hungary (EU)	Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting	May issue – restricted	Yes – under license	Yes – under license		No	Professionals only	May issue – restricted	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No	8
Iceland	Yes – hunting	No	Yes – may issue	Yes		May issue if related to the history of Iceland e.g. WW2	No	No		No	4
India	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	With Prohibited-bore license	No	No	Yes – may issue	Yes	No	up to life imprisonment
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Indonesia	No	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted		No		May issue – restricted		No	20 or death
Iraq	No	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue		Yes – shall issue	Yes	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue		No
Iran	No	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted				Maybe	May issue – restricted		No
Ireland (EU)	Yes – hunting, sports shooting or pest control	Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted	Yes – may issue	.22lr and .177 only	rimfire - unrestricted, centrefire - restricted	No	No	No	Yes	No	7
Israel	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	May issue – specific reason needed	Yes – may issue	May issue		No	May issue – specific reason needed	May issue – specific reason needed		No	10
Italy (EU)	Simple declaration of reason (possession only)	Yes (home defense)	Yes – shall issue	Yes (up to three)	Yes	No	No	Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No	1
Jamaica	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No
Ivory Coast	Yes – hunting and sport shooting (justification required)	Yes – justification required	Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	No	Yes – justification required		No
Japan	Yes – hunting or sport shooting	No	May issue – restricted	No	No	No	No	No		No	15
Jordan	No	Yes – home defense	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	With special permit	With special permit	With special permit
Kazakhstan	Not for shotguns Rifles Three years of shotgun ownership and hunting license required	Yes (shotguns only)	Yes (up to four)	No	Yes – under license	No	Maybe	No		No	5
Kenya	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes, with exceptionsExceptions Military rifles and specifically 7.62 mm, 5.56 mm calibers are prohibited	No	No	Automatic in case of legal possession		No	15
Kiribati	Prohibited in practice	No	No	No	No	No	Maybe	No	—	No	2–10
Kuwait		May issue – restricted	Yes – may issue	Restricted		No				No
Kyrgyzstan	Not for shotguns Rifles Five years of shotgun ownership required	Yes (shotguns only)	Yes (up to four)	No	Yes – under license	No	No	No	10 (S,R)	No
Laos	High social standing required		Restricted	Restricted	Restricted		No	No		No	10
Latvia (EU)	Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting	Yes – shall issue (handguns and shotguns)	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No	No	Yes – shall issue	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Lebanon			May issue – restricted			No
Lesotho	Yes – unspecified		Yes – shotguns only	Yes – revolvers only	No	No	Maybe			No
Liberia	Yes – hunting	No	Single-shot shotguns	No	No	No	Maybe	No	—	No
Libya	At discretion of authorities		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	None
Lithuania (EU)	Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting	Yes – shall issue (handguns and shotguns)	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Depends General Public: No. Privately owned firearms of members of Lithuanian Armed Forces, Lithuanian National Defence Volunteer Forces, Lithuanian Riflemen's Union: Yes.	No	Yes – shall issue (no bullet in chamber – except revolvers)	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No	5
Luxembourg (EU)	Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting (membership in organization required)	No	Yes – under license			No	No	No	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No
Madagascar	At discretion of authorities	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue
Malawi	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	14
Malaysia	Yes – unspecified		May issue – restricted			No	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted		No	14
Maldives	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No
Mali	All licenses suspended in 2018	No	No	No	No	No	No	No		No
Malta (EU)	Yes – target shooting or collecting (membership in organization required)	No	Yes – shall issue	Yes	Yes – shall issue	Yes – pre–1946 only	No	No	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No
Marshall Islands	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	5
Mauritania		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	15
Mauritius	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue			No	Maybe	Yes – may issue	No
Mexico	Yes – sport shooting, collecting, hunting (membership in organization required)	Yes – home defense (one handgun)	Yes (up to nine)	Yes (up to one)		No	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted		No	7
Micronesia	Yes – hunting and fishing	No	.410 shotguns and .22 LR rifles	No		No	Maybe	No		No	5
Moldova	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Yes (handguns)	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No	No	No		No
Monaco	Not for repeating long guns (Membership in Monaco Rifle Club required for other firearms)	No	Rimfire: permitless, centerfire: shall-issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Hunting guns
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Montenegro	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Yes – may issue	Yes – shall issue		Restricted	No	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		No
Mongolia	Yes – hunting, sports, collection	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No
Morocco	Yes – hunting (membership in organization required)	Restricted	Shotguns under license, rifles usually not allowed	Restricted	Restricted	No		Restricted
Mozambique	Farming, hunting, high social standing (at discretion of authorities)	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted	No				No
Myanmar	Hunting (Chin State), prohibited elsewhere	No	Restricted	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	7
Namibia	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	No	Yes – must be unloaded		No	25
Nauru	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	2–4
Nepal	Yes – unspecified		Shotguns and muzzle-loading rifles	Rarely issued	No	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	7
Netherlands (EU)	Yes – hunting and target shooting	No	Yes – may issue			No	No	No	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No	1
New Zealand	Not for long guns	No	May issue – shall issue in practice	Tightly regulated. Must be an active member of a pistol club.	Rimfire only	No	No	No	5 (S) 10 (RFR)	Registration of certain firearm types B and C category.	10
Nicaragua	No	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No	No	Yes – shall issue		No
Niger	Only traders in practice		Restricted	Restricted	Restricted	No	Restricted	Restricted		No
Nigeria	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	No	Only shotguns in practice	No	Not allowed in practice	No	Maybe	No		No	5
North Korea	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	20 or death
North Macedonia	Yes – hunting, collecting and sport shooting	Proof of threat to life required	Yes – shall issue	Yes		No	No	No		No
Norway	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	May issue – restricted	Yes – shall issue		Restricted to sport shooting only	May issue – restricted	No	No		No	3 months
Oman	At discretion of authorities		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	No	No	None	No	3
Pakistan	No	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	With prohibited-bore license	With prohibited-bore license – restricted	No	Yes – shall issue	None	No	7
Palau	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	15
Papua New Guinea	No new licenses since 2017	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	6 months
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Panama	No	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No	No	Yes – shall issue		No
Paraguay	Yes – collecting and sport shooting	Yes – home defense	Yes – shall issue			No		Rarely issued		No
Peru	Yes – hunting and sport shooting (membership in organization required)	Justification required	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	No	Yes	Justification required		No
Philippines	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	50/Firearm; 500-1000/Firearm for Sport Shooters	No	8
Poland (EU)	Yes – hunting, collection and sport shooting (membership in organization required)	Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted	Yes - shall issue			May issue – restricted	No – professionals only	Depends True CCW licenses based on Firearms Act: Restricted May issue De facto CCW based on Ministerial Decree: Shall issue for sport shooting license holders Permitless: Permitless for cartridgeless black powder guns designed before 1885	None	Cartridgeless black powder guns designed before 1885	8
Portugal (EU)	Yes – hunting, collecting and sport shooting (justification required)	Justification required	Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	May issue – restricted	No	May issue – restricted	20 (CFP) 10 (R,S)	No
Qatar	Yes – hunting	Proof of threat to life required	Shotguns and air rifles only	Restricted	Restricted	No	No	No
Romania (EU)	Yes – hunting, collection and sport shooting	May issue – restricted	Yes – may issue	No		No	No – professionals only	May issue – restricted	10 (R,S)	No	5
Russia	Not for shotguns Rifles Five years of shotgun ownership required	Yes (shotguns only)	Yes – shall issue	Restricted	Yes – shall issue	No	No	Yes – must be unloaded	10 (S,R)	No	8
Rwanda	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No
Saint Lucia	Yes – sport shooting and collecting (justification required)	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	No	Yes – may issue		No	10
St Vincent & Grenadines	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	20
Samoa	Yes – shall issue	no	Yes – shall issue shotguns & .22 rifles. Other power rifles may issue on request.	No	Yes – shall issue	No	No	No	None	No	5
San Marino	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	No	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No				No
São Tomé and Príncipe	Yes – hunting	No	Yes – under license	No	Yes – under license	No		No
Saudi Arabia	At discretion of authorities		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No					2
Senegal	At discretion of authorities		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue						No
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Seychelles	All licenses suspended in 1977		No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No
Serbia	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Proof of threat to life required	Yes – shall issue	Yes – under license	Yes – shall issue	No	No – professionals only	Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted	None	No	5
Sierra Leone	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No
Singapore	Yes – target shooting (membership in club required)	Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted	May issue – restricted		May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted		No	14
Slovakia (EU)	Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collection (membership in organization required)	Permissive may issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue		May issue - restricted	No	Permissive or restrictive may issue depending on region (genuine reason needed)	20 (P) 10 (R,S)	No
Slovenia (EU)	Yes – hunting, sport shooting, collecting	Proof of threat to life required	Yes – may issue			No		May issue – restricted	Yes	No
Solomon Islands	Total ban	No	No (moratorium in place)		No	No	No	No	—	No
Somalia	Total ban (de jure)		No, but widely unenforced						—
South Africa		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	May issue – restricted	No	Automatic in case of legal possession	None	No	15
South Korea	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	No	Yes – may issue	No	Restricted	No	No	No		No	3-15 years
South Sudan	No		Permitless	Permitless	No	No	No	Unregulated	None		10
Spain (EU)	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	May issue – restricted	Yes – May issue		Yes	No	No	May issue – restricted	3 (SAS) 2–4 (SACFR) None (RFR)	No
Sri Lanka	Yes – crop protection and sport shooting	Rarely issued	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue					No	25
Sudan	High social standing or income required		Restricted	Restricted	Restricted	Restricted	Restricted	Restricted	None	No	5
Suriname	Yes – unspecified		Yes – mostly shotguns	Restricted	Restricted	No	No	No		No
Switzerland (including Liechtenstein)	Not required to buy a gun unless the reason is other than sport-shooting, hunting, or collecting	Personal protection is not a shall-issue reason	Unregulated Firearms that were manufactured before 1870; Firearms that cannot be carried and operated by a single person Permitless Single-shot and bolt-action rifles, single-shot rabbit slayers Shall-issue Lever and pump-action rifles, self-loading shotguns	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	May Issue	May issue – under license, with exceptions authorized during transport if unloaded	May issue – under license, with exceptions authorized during transport if unloaded	20+ (P) 10+ (SACF)	No - registration of new purchases is mandatory since 2008	3
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Swaziland		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue			No	Maybe			No
Sweden (EU)	Yes – sport shooting, hunting	Proof of threat to life required – rarely granted	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	K-pist (restricted to some sport shooters)	No	Proof of threat to life required – No issue in practice	None	No
Syria	At discretion of authorities	Yes – may issue	Two shotguns	One revolver	No	No				No	5–6
Taiwan		May issue - restricted	May issue - restricted	May issue – restricted		Shall issue	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Tajikistan	Not for shotguns Rifles Five years of shotgun ownership required	Yes (shotguns only)	Yes (up to four)	No	Yes – under license	No	No	No	10 (S,R)	No
Tanzania	At discretion of authorities		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No
Thailand	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	No	Yes – may issue		No	10
Togo	Yes – hunting	No	12 gauge shotguns only	No	No	No		No		No
Tonga	Yes – hunting, farming, fishing	No	Yes – under license	No	No	No	Unloaded shotguns only	No		No	5
Trinidad and Tobago	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No
Tunisia	Hunting – restricted	No	Shotguns only – may issue	No	No	No
Turkey	Only for carrying rifles or handguns	Yes – may issue	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	No carry permit – rare	Only for high-value asset security	Maybe	May issue – restricted	None	No	3–8
Turkmenistan	Yes – hunting	No	Yes – shotguns only	No	No	No		No		No
Tuvalu	Yes – shooting birds	No	May issue – restricted	No		No		No		No	2–10
Uganda	High social standing required		Rarely issued	Rarely issued	Rarely issued	Public officials only	No	Rarely issued		No	10
Ukraine	Yes – sport shooting, collecting, hunting	No	Yes – may issue	Restricted	Yes – may issue	No	May issue – restricted	No		No	7
United Arab Emirates	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue				No
United Kingdom - England, Wales, Scotland	Not for shotguns Unspecified for rifles	No	May issue – shall issue in practice	No	Any .22 rimfire cartridge, most commonly .22 LR but also .22 WMR	No	Unloaded shotguns only – dissuaded in practice	No	2+ (S) None (R)	No	5–10
United Kingdom - Northern Ireland	Not for shotguns Unspecified for rifles	May issue - restricted	May issue	May issue	Any .22 rimfire cartridge, most commonly .22 LR but also .22 WMR	No		May issue - restricted		No
United States	Possession of firearms at home and in public constitutionally protected (see DC v. Heller)		Permitless in most states Varies Four states: Shall-issue permit 17 states: Background check for all sales	Permitless in most states Varies Eight states: Shall-issue permit 23 states: Background check for all sales	Permitless in most states Restrictions in some states	Pre-1986 only	Varies Permitless: 32 states Shall issue: 12 states May issue: 1 state Anomalous: 1 state Illegal: 4 states	Permitless or shall-issue in all states (NYSRPA v. Bruen)	Varies internally	Varies internally	Federal: 10 years, State: Varies
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Uruguay	Justification required for more than 3 guns	Yes (up to 3)	Yes – shall issue		Yes – shall issue	No	No	Yes – may issue		No	12
Uzbekistan	Yes – hunting and sport shooting	No	Yes – under license	No		No	No	No	10	No
Vanuatu	Yes – farming	No	Yes – may issue	No	No	No	No	No	—	No	6 months
Vatican City	Total ban	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No
Venezuela	No	No	May issue – restricted	May issue – restricted	No	No	No	No		No	20
Vietnam	Yes – unspecified	No	May issue – restricted	No	May issue – restricted	No	No	No		No	7
Yemen	No	Yes	Permitless		Permitless	Permitless	Yes – may issue. Unrestricted in rural areas	Yes – may issue. Unrestricted in rural areas	None	Yes	1
Zambia	At discretion of authorities		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue	No	Maybe	Yes – under license		No	15
Zimbabwe	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue		Yes – may issue	May issue – restricted	Maybe	Yes – may issue		No	5
Individual jurisdictions
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)
Cayman Islands	Yes – unspecified		Yes – may issue		No	No				No
Cook Islands	No new licenses since 1992	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	—	No
Gaza Strip	No	Yes	Permitless		Permitless	Permitless	No	unregulated	None	Yes
Greenland	Not for long guns. Unspecified for other.	May issue	Permitless	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	Yes – under license	Permitless (long guns)	Yes – may issue	None	Long guns	None for long guns
Guam	No	Yes	Yes – shall issue	Yes	Yes – shall issue	No	Yes – shall issue	Yes – shall issue	None	No
Hong Kong	Yes – unspecified		Yes – under license			No	No	No	Yes	No	14
Idlib Governorate (rebel-held)	No	Yes	Permitless		Permitless	Permitless		Unregulated	None	Yes
Kosovo		Yes – may issue	Yes – may issue							No	10
Northern Mariana Islands	No	Yes	Yes – shall issue		Yes	No	Automatic in case of legal possession	No	10	Yes (under court order)
Puerto Rico	No	Yes	Yes – shall issue		Yes – shall issue	No	No	Yes – shall issue	None	No	5
American Samoa	Yes – plantation protection and hunting	No	Shotguns and .22 LR rifles	No	.22 LR only	No	Yes (long guns only)	No	None	No
Somaliland	Justification required for more than 1 gun of each type		Unspecified	Yes (up to one)	Unspecified	One Kalashnikov rifle	No	Yes – shall issue	None	No
U.S. Virgin Islands	Yes – farming and sport shooting	Yes (handguns only)	Yes – under license	Yes – under license		No	No	Rarely issued	Yes	No
West Bank			Yes – under license								3
Region	Good reason required?	Personal protection	Long guns (excl. semi- and full-auto)	Handguns	Semi-automatic rifles	Fully automatic firearms	Open carry	Concealed carry	Magazine capacity limit	Free of registration	Max penalty (years)

Africa

The Bamako Declaration on an African Common Position on the Illicit Proliferation, Circulation and Trafficking of Small Arms and Light Weapons was adopted in Bamako, Mali, on 1 December 2000 by the representatives of the 51 member states of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU). The provisions of this declaration recommend that the signatories would establish the illegal possession of small arms and light weapons as a criminal offence under national law in their respective countries.

Botswana

Botswana's law allows possession of shotguns and rifles only. The government has put a limit on the number of licenses issued every year – only 50 people can receive them, no matter how many apply, meaning that the acceptance rate is usually below 1%.

Currently there are 34,550 (or 1.5 per 100 people) registered firearms.

Central African Republic

Officially only 139 people have a permit to own firearms in Central African Republic, mostly members of parliament. They are entitled to possess one 12-gauge shotgun and one 9mm automatic pistol. Regardless, illegal possession and carry of firearms is widespread in Central African Republic, large parts of which are under control of different armed groups. Anti-balaka and ex-Seleka militias possess and carry home-made shotguns, automatic rifles and rocket launchers.

Chad

A law on firearms passed in 1968 requires a permit to own a firearm in Chad which must be renewed annually. This law does not specify any conditions that must be met to obtain a license except for a tax stamp which must be paid, between 500 and 3000 CFA francs depending on the type of firearm. Considering that in 2017 the Chadian government raised 5 million francs from issuing firearm licenses it would mean that there are between 1,666 and 10,000 active firearm licenses in Chad or between 0.01 and 0.06 per 100 people.

Djibouti

Possession of firearms in Djibouti is generally prohibited except when special permits are granted in exceptional circumstances by the Head of State.

Eritrea

Firearms in Eritrea are completely prohibited for civilian use without exceptions.

Eswatini

Permitted types of firearms in Eswatini are shotguns, revolvers, pistols and rifles. To obtain a license one must get approval from the Local Chief's council, Local Station Commander, Regional Administrator, Director of Crimes at Police Headquarters, Licensing Officer/Registrar of Firearms Registry, Licensing Board and lastly the Police Station Commander. Requirements include general standing in the community. The application acceptance rate is around 57% as of 2002.

Gambia

Current law states that firearm licenses are a privilege in Gambia and authorities have full discretion in issuing them.

Ghana

Firearm law in Ghana allows acquisition of shotguns and handguns (pistols and revolvers). It requires that every firearm must be reregistered every year; however, this is widely ignored. Out of 1,230,000 people who legally bought a gun only 40,000 are reregistering their weapons every year. Unlike other African countries, handguns are popular in Ghana. For example, in Greater Accra Region 74.4% of people who legally acquired guns in 2020 chose revolvers, while 21% chose shotguns. In the Ashanti region 45.5% chose shotguns, while 21.5% chose revolvers.

Kenya

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Gun regulation in Kenya is established by the Firearms Act (Cap. 114) of Kenya. The Act states: "No person under the age of twelve years shall have in his possession any firearm or ammunition to which Part II applies, and no person under the age of fourteen years shall have in his possession any firearm or ammunition to which Part II applies other than a miniature rifle not exceeding 0.22 calibre or a shotgun the bore of which is not larger than 20 gauge, and ammunition suitable therefor, except in circumstances where he is entitled to have possession thereof without holding a firearm certificate by virtue of subsection (8), subsection (9) or subsection (10) of section 7; and no person shall part with the possession of any such firearm or ammunition to any person whom he knows or has reason to believe to be under the age of twelve or fourteen years, as the case may be, except in circumstances where that other person is entitled to have possession thereof."

The Chief Licensing Officer (CLO) has discretion to award, deny, or revoke firearm licenses. Applicants must be 21 years of age or older, pass a stringent background check for criminal activity, mental health and domestic violence, and state genuine reason(s) for their need to privately own and carry a firearm. Checks are regularly repeated, with failure to pass resulting in immediate revocation of the license. Once licensed to own a gun, no additional permit is required to carry a concealed firearm.

Lesotho

Applicants for firearm possession must obtain a reference letter from the village chief or headman and the PrincipalChief. It is later sent to local police stations for scrutiny, then to district police for their assessment, then to the National Security Service or Criminal Intelligence for vetting of the applicant. The application then goes to the Regional Police Commissioner who will in turn pass it the Police Headquarters for approval by the Commissioner of Police (Firearms and Explosives Licensing Board).

Liberia

Liberia allows only possession of single-shot shotguns and black powder long guns for hunting purposes. Private security agencies are banned from arming their employees. However, some criminals have automatic firearms, particularly AK-styled rifles. These are believed to be leftovers from the country's decade-long intermittent civil war. Automatic firearms are also likely coming across the country's porous borders with Guinea, Ivory Coast, and Sierra Leone. These countries have more liberal gun-ownership laws. All of Liberia's neighbors have experienced some form of armed conflict in the last two decades leaving them awash with illegal automatic weapons. The Emergency Response Unit (ERU), the only armed unit within the Liberia National Police, responds to armed incidents, particularly armed robbery.

Liberia Firearms and Ammunition Control Act of 2015 regulates the possession and use of small arms and light weapons in the country. The illegal possession of small arms and light weapons constitutes a first-degree misdemeanor and is punishable by a term of imprisonment of not more than a year and seizure of the illegally possessed arm or ammunition.

Mozambique

There are no licensed firearm dealers in Mozambique, therefore any person wanting to obtain one must travel to a different country (usually South Africa), purchase guns, then return, surrender them for authorities and ask them to allow them to obtain them.

Namibia

Namibia permits firearm ownership under license, which is issued on a may-issue basis. In 2017 Namibian police issued 7,647 firearm licenses from 9,239 applications, the acceptance rate therefore being around 83%. Overall there are currently 200,100 registered firearms in Namibia or 9 per 100 people. Most popular types of firearms owned by civilians are pistols (46%), rifles (34%) and shotguns (24%). Carrying unloaded concealed firearms in public is allowed.

Rwanda

In 2019 Rwanda passed a new law dealing with firearm possession. It states that authorities have total discretion when determining whether persons can own firearms and can therefore deny applications without reason, even if someone met all requirements.

Senegal

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Senegal has a strict gun legislation. Applications for firearm licenses do not need to specify a reason. An application requires: copy of identity card, criminal record, medical check-up, four photos, tax stamp and personality test. Decisions should be made after a few months.

Gun ownership is very rare, however numbers are on the rise. In 2016 Senegal police issued 1000 licenses, while rejecting 250 (80% acceptance rate), compared to 456 in 2011. In 2017 it was estimated that police issued more than 7,000 total licenses (0.04 per 100 people).

Sierra Leone

In 2012, Sierra Leone legalized gun ownership after 16 years of a total ban being enforced. According to the act, authorities have discretion in determining whether persons have good reasons to own firearms. The Arms Act of 2021 repealed the Arms Act of 2012, with little change to licensing procedures.

Somalia

From 1992 until 2023, a UN embargo had prohibited importation of any firearms into Somalia except for security forces.

Somaliland

According to 2010 gun control law residents of Somaliland are allowed to possess firearms for the purpose of defense of life and property. The law specifies pistols and AK automatic rifles as permissible while also mentioning that others can be allowed. Only one weapon of each type can be registered. Possession of more than one weapon of each type require justification and is granted only for legal persons. Permits to register a weapon are provided to people over 18 without criminal background. Permit must be renewed every year. Both citizens and residents can register firearms and they can be inherited. Sale of firearms is limited to government and licensed dealers. Weapons of war such as mortars, bombs, chemical weapons as well as suppressors are prohibited. Openly carrying firearms is prohibited. As the arms embargo on Somalia was lifted, the Somaliland government opposed the measure.

South Africa

Main article: Firearm regulation in South Africa

To apply for a firearm license in South Africa applicants must pass a competency test covering the specific type of firearm that is being applied for, and a test on the South African firearm laws. Once these tests are passed one needs to apply for a competency certificate, where the South African Police Service performs a background check and an inspection of the premises where the firearm will be stored. After both tests are passed and the respective certificates are awarded, one can then apply for a firearm license in categories ranging from self-defence to professional hunting. Different license categories have different restrictions, for example the amount of ammunition owners may hold. Using guns to hunt is permitted

Americas

Argentina

Firearms in Argentina are restricted, being regulated by ANMaC (Agencia Nacional de Materiales Controlados) since October 2015. Said agency replaced RENAR (Registro Nacional de Armas de la Republica Argentina), both being a branch of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights. To own a firearm in Argentina, one must be a legitimate user. Applicants must: be 21 years of age or older, provide a medical certificate that certifies they are physically and mentally fit, complete a safety course, provide a legitimate means of income, and undergo and pass a background check. A successful applicant is fingerprinted and issued a license which has to be renewed every five years. One may not legally discharge a firearm in Argentina if they are not a legitimate user, even if that gun belongs to someone else. Once a legitimate user wants to purchase a firearm, they must provide a secure location to store the firearm(s), and give an acceptable reason for wanting a firearm – such as collecting, target shooting, hunting, business, or self-defense in the home.

Firearms must be purchased through a licensed registry registered with the ANMaC. If a firearm is inherited, a re-registering form must be filed. There is no limit on the number of firearms owned so long as they are properly stored. Ammunition sales are recorded but unlimited. Carry permits for licensed handgun owners are extremely difficult to obtain, and require appearing before the ANMaC board to make their case. Carry permits are renewed yearly to re-examine their "clear and present" danger, and the permit is usually revoked immediately if this danger is removed. Those dealing in money or valuables or in private security may be issued a business carry permit.

Handguns above .32 calibre are conditional-use; fully automatic handguns are prohibited to civilians. Bolt-action rifles above .22, long rifles and semi-automatic rifles above .22, and long rifles with a non-detachable magazine are conditional-use; fully automatic rifles and semi-automatic rifles above .22, and long rifles with detachable magazines are prohibited. Semi-automatic shotguns and shotguns with barrels between 380 and 600 mm (15 and 24 in) long are conditional-use; fully automatic shotguns and shotguns with barrels under 380 mm (15 in) are prohibited.

Belize

Permanent residents or citizens of Belize are allowed to own a gun after a background check. The maximum caliber is 9mm, and one may have only 100 rounds at any given time. Licenses are available to farmers to have shotguns to protect livestock, as well as for hunting and personal protection. Firearms may be imported but must be declared before arrival. Imported guns will be impounded by the police and registered before a license is granted.

Brazil

Main article: Gun control in Brazil

All firearms in Brazil are required to be registered. The minimum age for ownership is 25, and certificates of aptitude and mental health are required prior to the acquisition of a firearm and every ten years thereafter. It is generally illegal to carry a firearm outside one's residence, commerce/store or farm. Executive Order No. 5.123, of 1 July 2004 allows the Federal Police to confiscate firearms which are not possessed for a valid reason;

The total number of firearms in Brazil is thought to be between 14 million and 17 million with an estimated 9 million being unregistered. In a 2005 referendum, Brazilians voted against a government proposal for a total ban on the sales of firearms to private citizens.

In January 2019, President Bolsonaro signed an executive order which loosened Brazil's gun laws by removing the police's discretionary power to reject license applications.

Currently there are more than one million guns legally registered by civilians.

On 5 September the Minister of Supreme Court, Luiz Edson Fachin, did invalidate some decrees signed by President Bolsonaro. Those decisions, are named as ADI 6119, ADI 6139 and ADI 6466. The immediate action of those ADIs were the ban to purchase any firearm for home protection and the purchase of ammunition for any civilian in the country. Those ADIs also affected the shooting sports in some degree, by forbidden the acquisition of firearms of restricted calibers.

Canada

Main articles: Firearms regulation in Canada, Canadian Firearms Program, and Possession and acquisition licence

Canada's firearm laws are stated in the Firearms Act. The possession and acquisition licence (PAL) is distributed by the Canadian Firearms Program (a program operated within the RCMP) and requires taking firearms safety courses (for non-restricted and restricted classifications) and passing a written and practical test with 80% or higher, an enhanced background check, and interviews with conjugal partner and references. The Non-restricted PAL allows purchase of most common sporting rifles and shotguns. A Restricted-PAL (RPAL) has an additional course for restricted firearms (mostly handguns), which have additional storage and transport requirements as well as required registration. The two main reasons for owning firearms are target shooting and hunting. Only Non-restricted firearms can be used for hunting.

Carrying firearms for self-defense against human threats is prohibited without a permit. These permits are typically only issued to police, and those in a profession that involves carrying valuable goods, such as armoured car personnel. The RCMP is also able to issue an Authorization to Carry permit to private individuals on the basis that a person's life is in imminent danger and police protection is inadequate. These permits are seldom issued. In the 1990s, Toronto City Councillor Norm Gardner was revealed to hold such a permit when he shot a man who was committing a robbery. As of October 2018, only two permits for protection of life were actively issued in the country.

An Authorization to Carry permit can be obtained for protection against wild animals. However these are only issued to a licensed professional trapper, or to people in a profession that exposes them to dangerous animals in remote areas. However, the applicant must prove why carrying a rifle or shotgun is not possible, and they must choose a firearm that is appropriate for the circumstances.

In Canada, firearms fall into one of three categories:

1. Non-Restricted: Long rifles and shotguns with an overall length greater than 26 inches (660 mm) and semi-automatics with a barrel longer than 18.5 inches (470 mm). These can be possessed with an ordinary PAL, and are the only class of firearms which can be used for hunting.
2. Restricted: This includes handguns with barrel lengths greater than 4.1 inches (105 mm), and long guns which do not meet the length requirements for non-restricted but are not prohibited. These guns require ATTs, and registration, and they can only be discharged at ranges.
3. Prohibited: These weapons generally cannot be possessed by civilians, and include fully automatic firearms and many modern military arms, military-grade assault rifles, and handguns with barrel length equal to or shorter than 4.1 inches (105 mm), and those chambered for .25 and .32 cartridges. Normally, the only way to possess these is by being grandfathered in or through inheritance. Most magazines for semi-automatic long guns capable of holding more than 5 centerfire cartridges or 10 rounds for handguns are prohibited.

Restricted and Prohibited firearms can only be used at an approved shooting range, must be registered, and cannot be used for hunting. Transportation of firearms that meet these classifications are restricted by an Authorization to Transport (ATT) permit, and they can only be transported to and from approved ranges in a locked case.

Non-citizens may obtain a non-resident firearms declaration from a customs officer, for a temporary 60-day authorization to bring a non-restricted firearm into Canada.

Chile

In Chile, the 103rd article of the Constitution declares gun ownership as a privilege granted in accordance to a special law. Firearms are regulated by the police. Civilian gun ownership is allowed by law but discouraged by authorities, with regular press statements and campaigns denouncing the dangers of possessing firearms.

Police-issued firearm permits require applicants to be 18 years of age, provide a mental health certificate issued by a psychiatrist, have a clean criminal record with no domestic violence accusations, and pass a written test on firearm safety and knowledge. Final approval lies in a district police commander, who can deny the permit in "justified cases" not detailed by the law. There are five types of permits:

• A defense permit allowing ownership of 2 firearms which must remain at the declared address.
• A hunting permit requiring a hunting license, and allowing up to 6 firearms.
• A sporting permit requiring membership in a registered gun club, and also allowing up to 6 firearms. It is possible for those under 18 years of age to obtain this permit.
• A collection permit allows up to 100 firearms to be owned, and does not allow the holder to possess ammunition.

Each of these permits has limits on types of firearms used, and allows for a police-issued permit to buy a specified quantity of appropriate ammunition from a specific gun shop. Transport permits are required to take firearms from the permit-holder's residence to a specified shooting range or hunting ground, and are valid for two years. Transported firearms must be unloaded and not attached to the body.

A self-defense permit allows carrying a firearm for protection against specific human threats. Such permits are valid for one year, but as the police commander can deny applications without stating a reason, they are very rarely issued. Automatic firearms are forbidden for civilian use.

Cuba

Gun control law enacted in 2008 in Cuba divides firearm licenses in to six categories:

• First self-defense permit allows possession and carry of pistols or revolvers. It is issued for people who require them due to their job in security or who are authorized by the Ministry of Interior,
• Second self-defense permit allows carry of pistols, revolvers and shotguns by employees of security companies during their duty,
• Hunting permit allows possession of shotguns,
• Sport shooting permit allows possession, carry and use in authorized places of rifles, shotguns, pistols and revolvers,
• Fifth permit allows possession, carry and use of firearms for the hunting, sport shooting and scientific purposes by legal entities.
• Collection permit allows possession of firearms with historical value.

Colombia

Article 3 of Colombia's firearm law states that civilians may possess firearms only via permit issued at discretion of the competent authority.

In 1993, Colombia legislated gun ownership, effectively establishing a government licensing monopoly. In 2016, president of Colombia Juan Manuel Santos signed an executive order suspending civilians from carrying firearms, with some exceptions including security details, hunting, private defense and collection. It was extended in 2018 by newly elected president Ivan Duque, albeit with the added stipulation: "for reasons of emergency or security ... taking into consideration among other factors, the particular circumstances of each application". A legal challenge to this modification has been prepared.

Costa Rica

Only citizens and permanent residents of Costa Rica are allowed to possess firearms: handguns (up to three), rifles (up to three for sporting use; hunting is illegal in Costa Rica), and semi-automatic weapons between the calibers of 5.6 to 18.5 millimeters.

Foreigners wishing to bring guns into the country must apply with the Ministry of Public Security and declare it when they arrive to the customs department, who will hold it until they go through the registration process. Firearms can be purchased from a licensed gun shop or private individual. Gun owners must have a clean criminal record in Costa Rica and must pass a psychological exam.

El Salvador

El Salvador's laws aim to allow and regulate civilian possession of firearms. In order to get a firearm license one must have no criminal record, be at least 21 years of age(24 for a carry license), pay for a tax stamp, and undergo a written test. In 2017 there were 344,587 registered firearms in El Salvador, or 5.6 per 100 people.

Greenland

Possession of most long guns is allowed without a permit in Greenland, while semi- and fully-automatic firearms and handguns require a permit. In 2018, proposed amendment to firearm law would raise the minimum age to purchase guns to 16.

Haiti

The constitution of Haiti provides citizens with the constitutional right to possess firearms at home. Only police and military can possess rifles. Handguns are allowed to be carried open or concealed with the correct license issued by the Haitian National Police assigned to the serial number of the firearm and with the name of the individual or organization responsible for the firearm.

Honduras

Main article: Firearm regulation in Honduras

Gun laws in Honduras are stated in the Act on the Control of Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Material of 2000. In April 2002, the National Arms Registry was formed, requiring all citizens to register their firearms with the Ministry of Defense.

In 2003, a ban on certain "assault rifles" was passed, restricting citizens from possessing military-style rifles such as the AK-47 and the M-16. In 2007, an additional decree suspended the right to openly carry and conceal carry a firearm in public, and limited the number of firearms a person can possess.

Jamaica

Main article: Gun law in Jamaica

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Gun laws in Jamaica are stated in the Firearms Act and regulated by the Firearms Licensing Authority. Applicants must pass a police background check and complete a certification process to obtain a firearms license for shotguns, handguns and rifles. Shotguns and rifles for hunting or sport-shooting purposes are easier to obtain than handguns. Fully automatic weapons are prohibited. Handguns are limited to those under .45 calibre for revolvers or 10 mm for pistols. Ammunition purchases are limited to 250 rounds per year for shotguns and 50 for handguns, with applications for additional ammunition generally granted during the hunting season. A gun safe is required for storage of all firearms and ammunition. Once licensed, no additional permit is required to carry a firearm open or concealed, unless the carrying of firearms has been temporarily prohibited under section 22 of the Act.

Mexico

Main article: Firearms regulation in Mexico

Under the Mexican Constitution, Article 10, citizens and legal residents have the right to own and carry arms, but may only carry them in accordance with police regulations, i.e. Article 32 of the "Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos". Applicants must: have a clear criminal record; proven income and residence (i.e.: cannot be homeless); undergone compulsory military service; a clean bill of health (including drug tests); justified the weapon's use; be employed. New firearms are purchased through the Ministry of Defense. Prohibited weapons include: large-calibre handguns; shotguns with barrels shorter than 25 inches (640 mm) or bore greater than 12 gauge; and rifles which are fully automatic or of large calibre. One handgun is permitted for home defense, but it must be registered within 30 days of purchase. For hunting and sport shooting, up to nine long guns and one handgun is permitted, requiring membership in a hunting or shooting club. Collectors may be authorized to possess additional and prohibited weapons. A carry license may be issued to those employed by private security firms, and certain weapons are exclusive to the armed forces. Licenses must be renewed biennially.

Panama

Obtaining firearms in Panama requires a Firearms Possession Certificate (FPC), which requires: criminal background check, drugs test, psychological test and firearms training. The minimum age to own a firearm is 18. The FPC allows the owner to move the firearms, unloaded and stowed, to and from a gun range. At least 6 hours of annual gun range practice is mandatory. There are no firearm caliber nor magazine capacity restrictions and all kinds of semiautomatic weapons are allowed for civilian ownership. Automatic weapons may only be owned by the state. Ammunition is restricted by type. Tracer, incendiary, armor-piercing and explosive ammunition is prohibited to civilians. An FPC is valid for 10 years.

Concealed carry of firearms is allowed through a Firearms Carry License (FCL). An FCL has the same requirements as an FPC, but carrier must be at least 21 years of age. Only handguns, such as pistols and revolvers, are permitted for concealed carry; however, up to two handguns may be carried loaded simultaneously. An FCL is valid for 4 years.

The Public Security Ministry handles all firearm matters. All legally owned firearms must be registered to their owners and appear on their permits. Direct or private handover of firearms is prohibited. A buyer must submit an application to the Security Ministry which, if approved, will deliver the updated permits and the firearms directly to the owner. No private owner may take out a firearm directly from a dealer. A shall-issue permit policy apply for all permits; the state must issue a permit if applicant meets all requirements. Firearm applications must be resolved in 30 business days or less.

Importation of firearms is only allowed to authorized local dealers. An individual may not privately import his/her own firearms while immigrating from another country. Firearms may temporarily be taken out of the country for sport events or repairs.

Firearms are regulated by Article 312 of the Panamanian Constitution of 1972 and the General Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials Act (Law 57 of 2011).

Paraguay

In order to get a firearm possession license one must have no criminal records, be at least 22 years of age, and obtain certificate of safely handling a firearm. Carry permit requires a good reason. Automatic weapons are prohibited. As of 2014, there are 392,000 registered firearms and 1,961 carry permits issued to civilians.

United States

Main articles: Gun law in the United States, Gun laws in the United States by state, Concealed carry in the United States, and Open carry in the United States

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In the United States, firearms are regulated by both federal and individual state statutes. Federal firearms laws are enforced by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF). State and local firearms laws, which vary greatly, are enforced by state and local authorities. The right to keep and bear arms has been protected by the Second Amendment to the Constitution since 1791, and the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that it protects any individual's right to keep and bear arms unconnected with service in a militia for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home and in public, in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) and New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen (2022). The Supreme Court affirmed in McDonald v. City of Chicago (2010) that the Second Amendment is incorporated by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and thereby applies to state and local laws as well as federal laws. Most state constitutions also guarantee this right, although there is some variance across the country as both federal and state laws apply to firearm possession and ownership.

Firearm ownership in the United States is by right and does not require licensure or proof of need. Federally, there is a minimum age of 18 to possess a handgun, with no minimum age for long guns. To purchase from a licensed dealer, one must be 18 for long guns and 21 for handguns. The respective age requirements apply to purchasing ammunition from a dealer, retail store or online.

Federally, new firearms must be transferred by a federally licensed dealer (FFL) with form 4473 and background check. Used firearms transferred interstate must also go through an FFL. Intrastate private party sales are not required to use an FFL under federal law, but many states require FFLs to conduct private party transfers.

Federal law does not limit the number of firearms or quantity of ammunition and reloading supplies a private citizen may keep.

Air guns, antique ignition (muzzle loading) guns and guns made prior to 1899 are not firearms under U.S. law, although they are still considered deadly weapons.

Federal law designates two classes of firearms in the United States:

Title I, GCA firearms: This includes all handguns, rifles with at least 16" barrel and 26" overall length, Shotguns with at least 18" barrel and 26" overall length, other firearms with an overall length of 26" or more which are neither handgun nor long gun. Sporting arms over .50 caliber are title I; non-sporting arms over .50 caliber fall into the Title II category below.

Title II, NFA Firearms. NFA firearms include:

• Machine guns (fully automatic firearms; those that can fire more than one shot by a single function of the trigger)
• Short Barreled Rifles (<16" rifled barrel or <26" OAL)
• Short Barreled Shotguns(<18" smoothbore barrel or <26" OAL)
• Destructive Devices (Non-sporting weapons over .50 caliber, anything with more than 1/4 ounce explosives content)
• Any Other Weapon (generally, firearms which do not look like firearms or which would be a smoothbore "other firearm" except that its overall length is too short)
• Silencers (suppressors; any device designed or redesigned and intended to reduce the report of a gunshot). Sound suppressors which are permanently attached to a non-firearm (e.g. air rifle, muzzle-loader) are not considered firearm silencers and are not regulated.

Non-prohibited persons over 21 years of age may own NFA firearms in most states, though some states prohibit some or all of this class. NFA firearms must be registered and go through a manufacturing or transfer approval by ATF before the individual may make or take possession of the weapon. This process can take months, sometimes even years. It requires fingerprinting, photo ID and a tax of $200 per application (per weapon).

Fully-automatic firearms (machine guns) are heavily restricted and can only be owned by private citizens if manufactured and registered before 18 May 1986. unless an individual is to obtain status as an SOT "Special Occupational Taxpayer" as a FFL "Federal Firearms License" holder. Since civilians without SOT status are only allowed to own machine guns manufactured before 1986, the finite supply has caused the market value of pre-1986 transferable automatic weapons to be 20 to 50 times that of their semiautomatic counterparts (2022 ex.,$500–$800 for a basic AR-15, $20,000-$25,000 for an M-16)

Law varies greatly from state to state, both in its scope and in its range.

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 922 – Unlawful Acts, persons are prohibited from possessing firearms or ammunition if:

• They have been convicted of a felony, or any other crime for which they could have been sentenced to more than a year in prison, or are under indictment for such
• They are a fugitive from justice
• They have been convicted of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence
• They are an unlawful user of, or addicted to, any illegal controlled substance
• They have been adjudicated mentally defective
• They have been discharged from the Armed Forces under dishonorable conditions
• They have renounced their United States citizenship

The carrying of weapons, either openly or concealed, is regulated by the states, and these laws have changed rapidly beginning in the latter part of the 20th century. Some states allow residents to carry without a permit, while others only allow the public carry of firearms upon issuance of a permit or license. Under the Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act, current and former law enforcement officers can carry anywhere (except private property where they are subject to the rules of the owner and gun-free public places like schools) as long as they carry a photo identification from their agency and have completed yearly training from said agency.

Federal law provides protection for travellers who may find themselves going through states with more restrictive gun laws than their origin or destination. As long as the weapons are transported in accordance with FOPA and the weapon(s) are legally owned and not prohibited in the origin or destination(s), the travellers are immune from prosecution.

Being engaged in the business of importing firearms, dealing firearms, gunsmithing or manufacturing arms requires licensure in the United States. There are multiple license types, depending on the nature of the business, and some licenses have additional requirements, such as registration with Directorate of Defense Trade Controls.

Private citizens in the United States may manufacture weapons for personal use without government approval or registration for Title I GCA firearms (NFA rules still apply to home made weapons). It becomes unlawful to manufacture without a license if the intent is to distribute.

The United States federal government is prohibited by law from maintaining a registry of firearms owners, although the NFA registry which predated this prohibition has been exempted. Some states do have registration.

Uruguay

Main article: Gun law in Uruguay

Uruguayan law allows for firearm possession on a shall-issue basis. These firearms must be of a caliber smaller than .50 BMG. Carry permits are issued on a may-issue basis, which in practice is no-issue except for people working as private security guards. Policemen and military can carry their firearms while off-duty without the need for a licence. The legal carrying of firearms must always be in a concealed manner, no open carry is allowed. In recent times, politicians from the governing coalition have expressed their intentions of allowing the issuing of concealed carry permits to civilians. With approximately 35 civilian firearms per 100 people, Uruguay is the eighth most armed country in the world and most armed in Latin America.

Venezuela

Main article: Firearms regulation in Venezuela

During the dictatorship of Juan Vicente Gómez, in 1914, a disarmament decree in the Federal District was enacted, and later in 1919, a disarmament law was decreed, ordering every weapon owner to give them away to the authorities; the only exceptions were machetes and hunting shotguns. The official justification offered was to diminish crime, but the law was ultimately used to disarm the population and to prevent possible uprisings. Historian Manuel Caballero argued that while Gómez's final intention was to prevent his enemies from obtaining weapons, the law contributed to avoid civil wars in Venezuela for the next century.

In 2012 Venezuela banned private sales of firearms and ammunition hoping to lower crime rates. The Army, police, and certain groups trusted by the government (colectivos) are exempted from the ban and can buy firearms from state-owned manufacturers. In 2013 Venezuela stopped issuing new firearm licenses. In 2017 government banned carrying firearms in public places.

Asia

Afghanistan

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Automatic rifles are restricted to government forces and security companies in Afghanistan. Handguns, while allowed, are mostly issued for important people. Non-automatic rifles can be obtained for sports and hunting. Rules regarding shotguns and antique firearms are most permissive with no good reason required. Shotguns including pump-action shotguns are popular in some regions as self-defense weapons.

Bangladesh

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Gun laws are very restrictive in Bangladesh. Only people over the age of 25 (30 for handguns) and under 60 who pay taxes can apply for firearm licence. Self-defence is only accepted reason and requires proving danger to life. Legal owners can only own one long gun (shotgun or rifle) and one handgun (pistol or revolver). They cannot work as security guards.

Brunei

Firearms are prohibited for citizens. Military and police personnel may apply for a licence to keep a private firearm by establishing a genuine reason, such as sport shooting or gun collecting.

Cambodia

Firearms are completely prohibited for civilian use without exceptions since 1999.

China

Main article: Gun control in China

Gun ownership in the People's Republic of China (PRC) is regulated by law. Generally, private citizens are not allowed to possess guns. Civilian ownership of guns is largely restricted to authorized, non-individual entities, including sporting organizations, authorized hunting reserves, and wildlife protection, management and research organizations. The chief exception to the general ban on individual firearm ownership is for the purpose of hunting. Illegal possession or sale of firearms may result in a minimum punishment of three years in prison, and penalties for the trafficking of "arms and ammunition or other military materials to an enemy during war time" include life imprisonment.

Hong Kong and Macau

In Hong Kong and Macau, gun ownership is tightly controlled and possession is mainly in the hands of law enforcement, military, and private security firms (providing protection for jewelers and banks). Under Section 13 of Cap 238 Firearms and Ammunition Ordinance of Hong Kong, a license is required for unrestricted firearms and ammunition. A license may be issued after a rigorous process to check for criminal records or a history of mental illness. License holders may store other firearms at home in a locked box, but ammunition must be kept at different premises. Only fully automatic firearms appear prohibited; those found in possession without a license could be fined at level 6 of the standard scale ("Maximum fine of HKD $100,000") and face imprisonment for up to 14 years.

East Timor

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Under East Timorese law, only the military and police forces may possess, carry and use firearms, with few exceptions.

In late June 2008, the Prime Minister, Xanana Gusmão, introduced a proposed gun law to Parliament for "urgent debate", pushing back scheduled budgetary discussions. The new law, which would allow civilians to own guns, sparked heated debates in the East Timorese parliament. The United Nations, which has a peacekeeping force deployed in the nation, also expressed concerns over the new law. The law was defeated in the Parliament.

India

Main article: Gun law in India

Guns in India are regulated by law. The Arms Act, 1959 and the Arms Rules 1962 prohibit the sale, manufacture, possession, acquisition, import, export, and transport of firearms and ammunition unless under a license, which is difficult to obtain. The Indian Government has a monopoly over the production and sale of firearms, with the exception of some breech-loading smooth-bore shotguns, of which a limited number may be produced and imported. The Arms Act classifies firearms into two categories: Prohibited Bore (PB) and Non-Prohibited Bore (NPB), where all semi-automatic and fully automatic firearms fall under the Prohibited Bore category. The Arms Act of 1962 added to the Prohibited bore category, any firearm which can chamber and fire ammunition of calibers .303, 7.62 mm, .410, .380, .455, .45 rimless, or 9 mm. Smooth-bore guns having barrels shorter than 20 Inches (508 mm) are also specified as Prohibited guns.

Licenses for acquisition and possession of both PB and NPB firearms could be given by a state government or district magistrate before 1987. Since that year, issuing of licenses for PB firearms became the responsibility of the central government. Licenses are valid for five years and may be renewed after the term. The sale of firearms requires both the selling and purchasing party to possess a permit.

The criteria considered during issuing of NPB firearm permits are whether the applicant faces a threat to their life. PB firearms criteria are more stringent, often for persons in government positions who face immediate danger or threats, those whose occupations involve open threats and danger, and their immediate family members. PB licenses were tightened since 2014, when otherwise-eligible persons started to be frequently rejected on basis of national security grounds. Exceptions are made for defense officers, who are allowed to keep firearms without licenses under the Defence Service rule, and a handful of professional shooters.

Firearm licenses are issued on a may-issue basis and approximately half of applications are accepted. For example, between April 2015 and March 2016 authorities in Mumbai rejected 169 out of 342 firearm applications.

Indonesia

In Indonesia, gun licenses are only issued to civilians employed in a profession that involves using firearms, such as in the military and law enforcement, with an exception made for politicians and businessmen.

Applicants must be over the age of 21 to obtain a firearms license, and go through a background check and mental evaluation. They must also state a genuine reason for wanting to own a firearm, which can include hunting, target shooting, collecting, security, and self-defense. All firearms must be registered. Gun permits are valid for five years and may be renewed. Illegal gun ownership can be punished from a maximum of 20 years in prison to life in prison and death as per the provisions of Emergency Act no. 12, 1951.

Civilians cannot possess military weapons, but may possess long rifles. Handguns can only be used for sport-shooting and hunting. In 2012 however, it was claimed that police had been issuing permits to regular citizens.

Iran

There are 200.000 rifles registered for Nomads. Iranian law had changed in 2021–22 with military, security and police having permit to access firearms use them preemptively. Airguns, airsoft guns and hunting rifles were criminalized September 2023.

Iraq

In 2012, Iraq relaxed its gun laws. The "possession of one rifle or pistol per home" was allowed via simple registration at local police stations.

In 2017, the law was relaxed once again. The possession and carrying of handguns, semi-automatic and fully automatic firearms and other weapons for self-defense, hunting and sport shooting purposes was allowed. Firearm licenses require official authorization and identity cards.

Israel

Gun laws in Israel are comprehensive despite soldiers being allowed to carry their service weapons on or off duty. Civilians must obtain a firearms license to lawfully acquire, possess, sell or transfer firearms and ammunition. In 2018, Israel loosened firearms restrictions, allowing all citizens who had undergone combat training and qualified in Advanced Infantry Training ('Rifleman "07"') to apply for a private handgun license.

Prior to 2018, only a small group of people had been eligible for firearms licenses: certain retired military personnel, police officers or prison guards; Israeli residents of the occupied West Bank or those who often work there; and licensed hunters and animal-control officers. Age requirements vary: 21 for those who completed military service or civil service equivalent, 27 otherwise, and 45 for non-citizens. Firearm license applicants must have been a resident of Israel for at least three consecutive years, pass a background check (criminal, health, and mental history), establish a so-called "genuine reason" for possessing a firearm (such as self-defense, hunting, or sport), and pass a weapons-training course. As many as 40% of applications for firearms permits were rejected.

Those holding firearms licenses must renew them and pass a shooting course every three years. Security guards must pass these tests to renew their license to carry firearms belonging to their employers. Applicants must demonstrate that they have a safe at their residence in which to keep the firearm. Permits are given only for personal use, and holders for self-defense purposes may own only one handgun and purchase an annual supply of 50 cartridges (although more may be purchased to replace rounds used at a firing range).

Most individuals who are licensed to possess handguns may carry them loaded in public, concealed or openly.

In 2005, there were 237,000 private citizens and 154,000 security guards licensed to carry firearms. Another 34,000 Israelis own guns illegally due to their failure to renew their firearms license. In 2007, there were estimated to be 500,000 licensed small arms held by civilians, in addition to 1,757,500 by the military, and 26,040 by the police.

2023 Israel–Hamas war

Following the outbreak of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war on 7 October 2023, Israel almost immediately reacted strongly in favor of loosening gun restrictions in favor of a more liberal access for Israeli civilians to have firearms to defend themselves and their communities. The Israeli government also called on civilians that did find a way to arm themselves to band together and form protective groups in light of the attack initiated out of Gaza. The Times of Israel reported, "The reform was unveiled by Public Security Minister Gilad Erdan, who has pushed for allowing more Israelis to arm themselves as a response to terror attacks." Left-wing party Meretz opposed the changes, with party member Tamar Zandberg saying in a statement, "... are a death machine whose civilian use needs to be reduced as much as possible...", Erdan in turn argued that, "Qualified citizens carrying firearms in public contribute to the sense of security, are an important line of defense from ‘lone-wolf’ attacks and thus strengthen public security.", and "Many citizens have saved lives during terror attacks, and in the era of ‘lone-wolf’ attacks, the more qualified gun-carrying citizens there are — the better the chance to thwart terror attacks without casualties and reduce the number of casualties."

National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir was quoted in a report from Fox News as saying:

When civilians have guns, they can defend themselves.

Ben-Gvir issued an emergency directive after the attack to loosen gun restrictions for Israeli civilians in several ways, however, reportedly the comments section on the social media site X (formerly Twitter) had many people saying that this was, "too little too late."

American and international media outlets reacted largely critical of Israel's historically strict gun laws that potentially served to endanger Israelis by leaving them defenseless in many cases as the surprise attack unfolded. Only 2% of Israeli civilians were armed prior to the attack according to a report from the BBC, compared to as little as 30% of American civilians (though that number may be much higher due to gunowners that do not report accurately).

A rabbi in Israel named Raz Blizovsky was quoted as saying:

People are changing their opinion , and now there is more awareness. I have been involved with groups that have been talking about this issue for years. During calm times, people don't do anything.

Israel citizens also petitioned their government by the tens of thousands to further loosen gun laws for Israeli and Jewish civilians in light of the prior laws that made it very difficult to acquire guns and possess the means for Israeli civilians to defend themselves. One petition gathered as many as 22,000 signatures in less than 24 hours seeking to loosen restrictions on Israeli civilians buying and carrying firearms.

Japan

See also: Haitōrei Edict and Firearm and Sword Possession Control Law

The weapons law of Japan begins by stating "No one shall possess a firearm or firearms or a sword or swords", and very few exceptions are allowed. Citizens are permitted to possess firearms for hunting and sport shooting, but only after submitting to a lengthy licensing procedure. As part of the procedure, a shooting-range test must be passed with a "mark of at least 95%". A mental-health evaluation taking place at a hospital, and a thorough background check where one's family and friends are interviewed, are also part of the procedure.

A gun license expires after three years, after which license tests must be repeated. After ten years of shotgun ownership, a license-holder may apply to obtain a rifle.

Japan has been described as the country with "perhaps the first ever gun buyback initiative" in 1685, and is the first nation to have imposed gun laws in the world; as such, gun ownership is very rare: 0.6 guns per 100 people in 2007. When mass killings occur, they are often perpetrated by assailants wielding knives or other means, not guns. In 2014, Japan saw six gun deaths.

Each prefecture in the country can operate a total of three gun shops. New cartridges can only be purchased after turning in expended cartridges. In turn, new magazines can be bought only by trading in old ones. If a gun owner dies, their relatives must surrender their firearms. Police officers are expected to be proficient in judo to subdue suspects without firearms; police are often armed, but rarely fire their weapons in the course of duty and are not allowed to carry weapons when off-duty.

Jordan

According to Jordanian law on gun control passed in 1952 Jordanian residents are allowed to keep rifles and handguns at their home with amount of ammunition necessary for self-defense provided they obtain a permit. Permits are denied for people under 21 and convicted of any crimes. Possession and carrying of automatic firearms require special permit.

In 2019 a law was proposed that would ban both semi- and fully-automatic firearms in Jordan.

Kuwait

Main article: Gun law in Kuwait

Firearms may be licensed to a citizen (or foreigner recommended by the Minister of Interior) who is at least 25 years old and fully capable of handling a weapon, with no criminal record, who is not a suspect or under police surveillance, and who has a source of income. Hunting shotguns are the most commonly licensed weapons. Rifles chambered for .22 long rifle are also common, with hunting rifles being more difficult to obtain. Handguns are only allowed for VIPs. Machine guns are not legally permitted for civilian possession.

Lebanon

In the Lebanese Republic, ownership of any firearm other than handguns, hunting arms or antiques is illegal and only the latter two are permitted to leave the owner's home. Disregard for this law is prevalent. Lebanon does not officially grant the right to bear arms, but it is a firmly held cultural belief in the country. Firearm licenses are granted to certain individuals, but the test is not open to the public and requires a particular need to be demonstrated.

Gun control has been largely unsuccessful in Lebanon due to a historic context of gun availability and usage, a lack of effective central government control or authority over many parts of the country, and the tumultuous nature of the region. Although gunsmithing was once prominent in the region, it has all but ceased since the mid-1930s, yet it remains legal with a permit. Lebanon has come to be one of the largest arms markets in the Middle East.

Lebanon ranks 58th worldwide for privately owned firearms per capita.

Malaysia

Firearm ownership is highly restricted in Malaysia. The Arms Act (1960) requires Malaysian citizens to have a license for the manufacture, import, export, repair, or ownership of firearms. A firearm license can only be granted by the Chief Police Officer of a state. Discharging a firearm in crimes such as extortion, robbery, resisting arrest and house-breaking is punished by the death penalty. Exhibiting a firearm for any of the scheduled offences (without discharging) carries a penalty of life imprisonment and caning of not less than six strokes. Possession of unlawful firearms carries a sentence of up to fourteen years in prison and caning.

Mongolia

Mongolia currently observes a law on firearms passed in 2001 which allows anyone to apply for a firearm license, which may be issued after 21 days.

There are 46,982 (or 1.6 per 100 people) registered firearms in Mongolia including 44,306 for hunting, 1,598 for security and ward use, 619 for sports training, 260 as "art" firearms and 199 for collection purposes.

Myanmar

The right to firearm ownership, which is primarily governed by the Weapons Act of 1878, is generally restricted in Myanmar. The law has been amended several times, and generally provides citizens with a right to own firearms for self-defence. Since the 1962 Burmese coup d'état, successive military regimes have restricted legal gun ownership to individuals closely connected with the regimes, including army veterans. After the 1962 coup, the government confiscated all citizen-owned firearms, which were re-distributed to Burma Socialist Programme Party members, retired civil servants, and army veterans.

After the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état and ensuing Myanmar civil war (2021–present), the military regime has revisited existing gun laws as part of an effort to combat pro-democracy forces. On 31 January 2023, the Ministry of Home Affairs issued a directive enabling organisations and citizens deemed "loyal to the state," including civilians, civil servants, and army personnel, to obtain firearm licences and permits. The directive stipulates that firearm applicants must be at least 18 years old, and must demonstrate a need for firearms for "personal security." The regulatory shift has enabled the military junta to arm pro-regime paramilitary groups like the Pyusawhti militias and to suppress pro-democracy forces in the country, in light of waning military recruitment and their challenges in concurrently operating in multiple war theatres throughout the country.

Nepal

Nepal allows firearm ownership if an applicant can provide sufficient reason, for example hunting or self-defense.

There are 34,315 (or 0.1 per 100 people) registered firearms in Nepal including 13,892 shotguns, 312 pistols and 118 revolvers.

North Korea

According to 2009 law civilian possession of firearms is prohibited in North Korea.

Pakistan

Main article: Gun law in Pakistan

Pakistan has permissive firearm laws compared to the rest of South Asia, and has the sixth-highest number of privately owned guns in the world. Laws regulate the carrying of weapons in public in most urban areas. Private guns are prohibited in educational institutions, hostels, boarding and lodging houses, fairs, gatherings or processions of a political, religious, ceremonial, or sectarian character, and on the premises of courts of law or public offices. The law in Pakistan does not stipulate whether gun licenses should be denied or revoked, and a license permits ownership of any number of weapons including handguns of any size and fully automatic weapons. Firearms are a traditionally important part of rural life in its North-Western areas where it is not uncommon to see people legally carrying RPGs and fully automatic weapons.

Philippines

Main article: Gun law in the Philippines

Current gun laws in the Philippines are outlined in Republic Act 10591 or the "Comprehensive Firearms and Ammunition Regulation Act", signed in 2013. In order to own a firearm, a citizen must acquire a License to Own and Possess Firearms (LTOPF). Applicants must meet the following requirements: (a) has not been convicted of any crime involving moral turpitude; (b) has passed the psychiatric test administered by a PNP-accredited psychologist or psychiatrist; (c) has passed the drug test conducted by an accredited and authorized drug testing laboratory or clinic; (d) has passed a gun safety seminar which is administered by the PNP or a registered and authorized gun club; (e) has filed in writing the application to possess a registered firearm which shall state the personal circumstances of the applicant; (f) must present a police clearance from the city or municipality police office; and (g) has not been convicted or is currently an accused in a pending criminal case before any court of law for a crime that is punishable with a penalty of more than two (2) years.

License holders may carry concealed handguns in public with the acquisition of a separate Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of Residence (PTCFOR), which is granted on a may-issue basis. Generally, applicants must demonstrate an imminent threat of danger and secure a Threat Assessment Certificate from the police in order to be issued a PTCFOR. Exempted from this requirement are members of the national bar (lawyers, prosecutors, judges), accountants, accredited media practitioners, cashiers, bank tellers, clergymen (priests, ministers, rabbis, imams), physicians, nurses, engineers, high-risk businessmen, elected incumbent and former officials, and active and retired military and law enforcement personnel, as they are deemed to be in imminent danger due to the nature of their profession, occupation or business.

Many Filipinos own firearms for self-protection and target-shooting, which require licenses: around 2,000,000 people out of 100,000,000 have a registered firearm.

Singapore

Singaporean citizens must obtain a license to lawfully possess firearms or ammunition; applicants must provide justification for the license, which is often restricted to the military, police, and private security companies. Target-shooting licenses permit ownership of a gun, provided it is securely stored in an approved and protected firing range, and is not taken out of the firing range without special permission. Self-defense permits are not allowed, unless there is an 'imminent threat' to their lives that can be justified to the government. There is no restriction on types of small arms one may own after obtaining a license. Illegal firearms and firearm-related crimes are grounds for the death penalty in Singapore.

Owing to its mandatory national service, nearly half the civilian population have the experience and are well-trained in operating firearms, most notably the M16 and the SAR 21. Singapore has the lowest gun-related deaths in the world.

South Korea

Similar to Singapore, the majority of South Korean men are well-trained in the use of firearms, due to mandatory military service. Guns are also notably absent in South Korean society outside of the military, and gun ownership and gun-related deaths rank among the lowest in the world.

South Korea has strict gun policies. Hunting and sporting licenses are issued, but any firearm used in these circumstances must be stored at a local police station. Air rifles also have to be stored at police stations; crossbows and electric shock devices are also classified as firearms but their private retention is permitted. Tasers are prohibited, and possessing a toy gun without an orange tip is strictly prohibited. Violation of firearms laws can result in a US$18,000 fine and up to 10 years in prison.

Syria

According to 2001 law Syrian citizens and foreign Arabs can own one revolver and two shotguns under license issued for people who can provide genuine reason such as protection of business.

Idlib

All types of firearms including pistols, rifles and grenades are reportedly sold in rebel-held Idlib district without any license in shops which are mostly run by militia groups. In October 2020 Idlib's Salvation Government reportedly stated it will start licensing firearms. Many other rebel groups expressed opposition to this and some doubted possibility of registering firearms in Idlib.

Taiwan

Taiwan has extremely strict gun control for all persons on the island, though some carveouts used to be made for indigenous Taiwanese persons. Some argue that the strict policy endangers the homeland to potential invasion by mainland China. An unusual feature of Taiwan's gun control scheme was a specific provision for indigenous people, allowing black powder muzzleloader-type single shot rifles for hunting, though in the pursuit of a total gun control policy, even indigenous persons of Taiwan have lost their right to use and own even these guns as of 2021. There is an absolute "zero tolerance policy" for owning guns in Taiwan. The indigenous people that were allowed a carve out to the absolute-no-guns policy though are increasingly antagonistic against the mainly Han Chinese that are seen as foreign occupiers that restrict the natural right of indigenous peoples of Taiwan to own and use guns for hunting and other purposes.

Thailand

A firearm license in Thailand is only granted for the following uses: self-defense, property protection, hunting, or sporting. Applicants for a firearms license must be at least 20 years of age (the age of majority under the Civil and Commercial Code), have a record of good behavior, have an occupation and receive income, and have a permanent address in Thailand with a name "listed in the house registration specifically in the area where you are applying for a license, for at least six months". A license may not be issued to anyone who is a repeat criminal offender or mentally unstable. The application fee for most firearms licenses is 1,000 Baht for each license or unit; a license for possession and use of air rifles is 200 Baht per license/unit.; carry licenses are also 1,000 Baht per license. Since October 2017 citizenship is required to purchase and use firearms. A person is also not allowed to carry his gun without an additional permit for concealed carry. Fully automatic firearms and explosive devices are prohibited.

The amended 2017 law will cover weapon suppressors, electric darts, and new types of fireworks including bang fai (locally-made rockets) and talai ("rocket-like fireworks with a circular wing"). The amendment further provides that anyone who creates a bomb scare may be subject to convictions of up to three years of imprisonment and/or fined up to 60,000 Baht. Another significant change is that only Thais will be permitted to register a gun with the authorities. Formerly, foreigners residing in Thailand could also apply for weapons permits. The Act already prohibits the manufacture, purchase, ownership, use, ordering, or import of firearms or ammunition, except by persons who have been granted a license from the local registrar. Violation of this provision is punishable with convictions including imprisonment for a period of between one and ten years and/or fines of between 2,000 and 20,000 Baht.

Turkey

Turkey is semi-restrictive in terms of gun control statutes. Civilians in Turkey need to get a license from the police or gendarmerie to own and use firearms, and these licenses last for 5 years. Licenses are available for shotguns (including semi-automatic ones), rifles (bolt-action, lever-action, and some semi-automatics), and handguns. To get a license, you must: • Be at least 21 years old, • Be a Turkish citizen or permanent resident, • Have a valid medical report signed by a group of doctors, • Have no criminal record or unpaid taxes, and • Pay the required fees.

As of 2024, fully automatic and short-barreled shotguns are banned. There are no restrictions on magazine size, caliber, or optics for handguns. Some semi-automatic rifles can be owned with a rifle permit, but they are uncommon in the market. Semi-auto rifles typically come in .22LR or 9mm calibers with magazines holding up to 15 rounds. Fully automatic rifles are not allowed for civilians, with very rare exceptions.

Shotgun licenses automatically include a permit to carry or transport the shotgun, but it must be unloaded and covered. Handgun concealed carry permits and rifle carry licenses are harder to get and require a valid reason, like personal protection or hunting. Applicants must show proof of this reason, such as a life threat (approved by the governor) or belonging to specific professions like: • Company board members/directors (with certain criteria), • Jewelers, gas station operators, or bank managers, • Lawyers, commercial pilots, or ship captains, • Herders, shooting range operators, or foreign exchange bureau owners, • Notaries, contractors/developers, or people working with explosives, • Beekeepers, licensed journalists, or rural landowners.

Getting a handgun concealed carry permit is expensive, and each firearm requires a separate carry license. Handgun carry licenses are legally unlimited, but obtaining multiple permits is rare. Rifles can only be carried with a hunting license and for hunting purposes; hunting with semi-automatic rifles is not allowed. Carry licenses usually need renewal every 5 years.

High-powered and tactical semi-automatic rifles are mostly banned for civilians, with very few exceptions. Spare parts for these weapons, especially barrels, are hard to find and replace.

In Turkey, most shooting ranges are indoors and only allow handguns. People with possession licenses need to get a transportation permit from the local police for each trip to the range. However, those with concealed carry licenses do not need such permits.

Shotguns and rifles (for carry license holders) can be used for target shooting outside urban and residential areas. This must be done at least 500 meters away from homes and only with the landowner’s permission. To hunt with shotguns or rifles, a hunting license is required.

Licensed armed security personnel, such as those protecting valuable assets, VIPs, critical infrastructure, airports, banks, or high-risk events, can carry semi-automatic and fully automatic weapons, including submachine guns, but only while on duty.

In rural areas, over 50,000 civilians are authorized as “Security Guards” or “Village Guards” to protect against terrorists and looters. This role allows them to carry selective-fire firearms for this specific purpose. These weapons and equipment are usually provided by the military and remain government property.

Public servants, including police officers, military personnel, judges, public prosecutors, and senior politicians, have a lifelong right to apply for free handgun and rifle carry licenses. These licenses are issued on a guaranteed basis. All police officers can carry an unlimited number of handguns and rifles with a carry license. Military officers are allowed up to five handguns and two rifles, while generals are not limited by these rules. Mayors, deputies, ministers, and presidents automatically receive lifetime carry licenses without paying any fees. Some other government employees, such as forest rangers, village headmen, customs officers, judges, and prosecutors, also have lifetime carry licenses. Unlike civilians, public servants (active or retired) do not need to renew their medical certificates every five years.

Turkey has a large shotgun industry, and shotguns are widely available and easy to purchase. Getting a shotgun license is simpler and cheaper compared to handgun or rifle licenses. It requires a clean bill of health, a clear criminal record, and no outstanding tax debt. One shotgun license allows ownership of up to five shotguns. Spare parts are widely available, and rebarreling is both easy and legal. Shotguns are much more affordable due to open market conditions and competition among numerous national and international brands, unlike rifles and handguns, which are sold exclusively through the government-controlled monopoly, MKEK.

United Arab Emirates

In 2019, the government of the United Arab Emirates relaxed its gun laws. The minimum age to possess firearms was lowered from 25 to 21, while legal owners can now have up to three guns. People from other countries are not allowed to apply for licenses. Most popular purposes to own them include hunting and trap shooting.

Weapons can be purchased during a yearly gun show called Adihex. In 2018, more than 1,764 legal weapons were sold.

Firearm licenses are issued after 60 days of applications to the relevant authority. If there is no response that means that the license has been rejected.

Uzbekistan

In 2019, the president of Uzbekistan signed a new gun law. It allows citizens to own smooth-bore firearms and firearms with rifled barrels for hunting and sport shooting purposes. Carrying in public places is prohibited and the minimum age is 21 years. Only gas and electric weapons can be used for self-defense purposes. The maximum magazine capacity is ten rounds.

Vietnam

Firearms in Vietnam are restricted to the military and law enforcement agencies, with possession of firearms prohibited to civilians. The chief exception to this is for hunting and sporting purposes, requiring users to undergo mandatory background checks to be licensed.

Yemen

Main article: Gun law in Yemen

Yemen has a permissive gun policy and does not require permits for firearm ownership. The 1992 Law "On Regulating Carrying Firearms and Ammunitions and Their Trade", established the right to own firearms (rifles, machine guns, revolvers and hunting rifles) for the purpose of legitimate defense. Licenses are required to carry firearms in cities, which are issued on a may-issue basis with varying restrictions depending on the city. Open and concealed carry is unrestricted in rural areas. Since the breakout of the civil war in 2011 there has been barely any state gun control, and fully-automatic rifles/assault rifles, anti-tank guided missiles or armored vehicles are available over the counter for various militias and individuals willing to buy them.

According to the Small Arms Survey of 2018 titled Estimating Global Civilian-Held Firearms Numbers, there are roughly 14.9 million civilian-held firearms in Yemen (52.8 firearms held per 100 residents), making Yemen the second most armed country in the world after the United States.

Europe

Bosnia and Herzegovina

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In Bosnia and Herzegovina, its two autonomous entities, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska have relatively strict weapon laws compared to the rest of Europe. Weapons are regulated by the Weapons and Ammunition Law. People over 21 may apply for a permit. Those with a history of criminal activity, mental disorders, alcohol or substance use will be denied a permit. There is also a thorough background check, interviewing neighbors and family, and the applicant must complete a course and pass a multiple-choice exam. Police have the last word on the matter, with an appeal possible to a police captain. Firearms must be kept in a "safe place" within a residence, and may be confiscated by police if the owner is found to be "irresponsible". Concealed carry is allowed with a permit. Pepper spray may be carried by females if registered with police.

European Union

Main article: Directive (EU) 2021/555

Gun laws in the European Union vary greatly from one country to another. Nevertheless, two main strains may be recognized: Most EU countries treat firearms primarily as sporting instruments, while a select group of countries consider them to be primarily tools of individual or collective safety (i.e. Switzerland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland, Baltic states, Finland). This difference in primary understanding of firearms' main purpose leads to different treatment in national legislations.

All EU and EFTA countries are bound to implement Directive (EU) 2021/555 into their own legal systems. The Directive sets certain gun control standards that the countries must meet; at the same time national legislators may chose to adopt more stringent rules.

Under the directive, firearms are defined as any portable barrelled weapon that expels, is designed to expel or may be converted to expel a shot, bullet or projectile by the action of a combustible propellant.

Since 2017 EU directive amendment, arms are classified in three EU categories:

• Category A – Prohibited firearms: including for instance explosive military missiles and launchers, automatic firearms, firearms disguised as other objects, or ammunition with penetrating, explosive or incendiary projectiles, and the projectiles for such ammunition, or semi-automatic firearms;
• Category B – Firearms subject to authorisation, including for instance various kind of repeating and semi-automatic long firearms, but excluding those which belongs to category A
• Category C – Firearms and weapons subject to declaration, including various kind of long firearms with, but excluding those which belongs to category A or B

Under article 5 of the directive:

Without prejudice to Article 3, Member States shall permit the acquisition and possession of firearms only by persons who have good cause and who:

• (a) are at least 18 years of age, (...)
• (b) are not likely to be a danger to themselves or others, to public order or to public safety; the fact of having been convicted of a violent intentional crime shall be considered as indicative of such danger.

(...)

Austria

Main article: Gun law in Austria

Austria is the only country in the European Union where firearms are only partially licensed; the Waffengesetz (Weapons Act) provides the legal terms for all types of weapons, including firearms. § 1 of the law defines Weapons as objects that are designed to directly eliminate or reduce the ability of people to attack or defend themselves (e.g. knives, pepper spray, gas pistols, etc.) or for firing projectiles during hunting or sport shooting (e.g. crossbows, bows, etc.). § 2 further defines Firearms as weapons where projectiles can be fired from a barrel in a predefined direction. Most common firearms and some other weapons fall into three different categories, which come with different restrictions:

Category A is divided into two subcategories "war material" and "restricted weapons". "War material" includes for example tanks, fully automatic weapons and armour-piercing weapons; "restricted weapons" includes weapons disguised as other objects, firearms which can be disassembled in a faster than usual fashion for hunting and sport, shotguns with an overall length of less than 90 cm (35 in) or barrel length shorter than 45 cm (18 in), pump action shotguns, suppressors and firearms with suppressors, knuckledusters, blackjacks, steel rods. Category B covers all handguns, repeating shotguns and semi-automatic weapons which are not category A (e.g. pistols, revolvers, semi-automatic rifles and semi-automatic shotguns). Category C includes most other firearms that are not category A or B (e.g. repeating rifles, revolving rifles, break-action rifles and break-action shotguns).

All firearms of category A, B, and C are registered in the central weapon register (Zentrales Waffenregister, or short ZWR). Firearms of category C are the least restricted; all citizens over 18 may purchase them at licensed sellers, even without a firearms licence (barring a 3-day waiting period to check for a weapon ban on the buyer). Category B weapons have further restrictions; buyers must have a firearms license or a carry permit, and be 21, unless granted an exception for the age of 18. Category A weapons typically require further exceptions to be granted for holders, except in the case of suppressors and suppressed weapons, which may be held by those with valid hunting licences without an additional permit. "War material" requires a further special federal permit, which is in practice only granted to approved collectors and experts. In general, ammunition sales are unrestricted, though handgun ammunition and some rifle ammunition requires a permit. Antique firearms made before 1871, many black powder firearms and some other "less effective weapons" also require no licence or registration.

In addition, § 11a defines further restrictions on the purchase, possession and carrying of all weapons and ammunition for asylum seekers and many third-country nationals. Owning weapons without a permit for them is strictly prohibited and controlled by the police.

Carrying firearms in public generally requires a carry permit (or "Waffenpass"). Carry permits are issued by the authorities on a shall issue or may issue basis, depending on reason and applicant. Austrian law makes no distinction between concealed or open carry; with a carry permit, the holder may carry their weapon(s) freely throughout the whole country and even in certain "weapon free zones". However, holders must carry their weapons in a way that does not constitute a public nuisance; for example, openly displaying a handgun in one's belt at the cinema while wearing civil clothing would be considered unusual and could be considered a public nuisance if the police were called.

Belgium

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Possessing or carrying firearms is generally illegal in Belgium with very limited exemptions. Gun laws in Belgium are among the strictest in the world. An exception is made for people who have a valid firearms licence. Since 2006, after a shooting incident in Antwerp, there are very strict conditions and rules for gun owners to obtain such a licence.

However, the laws and regulations concerning the carrying and possession of firearms for hunters, sport shooters, collectors and also for the import and export of guns, differs from area to area in Belgium; a valid licence is almost always required. Blank guns, airsoft guns, paintball guns, and deactivated guns do not need a permit or licence and are free to purchase.

Gun laws in Belgium does not apply (or at least applies differently) for the military and law enforcement services such as the police, customs and some private security units (only handguns). Until its abolition in 2019, the security units of Belgian courts and prison transport (Corps de securité Justice/Veiligheidskorps Justitie) were also permitted to carry handguns.

Croatia

Croatia issues firearms permits for self-defense, hunting, sport shooting:

• Hunting permits require a certificate indicating successfully passing the hunting exam;
• Sporting permits require a certificate issued by a target shooting organization on active membership;
• Self-defense permits require a proof of danger to life.

Every permit also requires an applicant to be at least 18 years old, not be convicted of crimes, there being no other circumstances indicating that the weapon may be abused (for example by a history of alcoholism) and passing medical examinations.

As of October 2020 there 99,829 legal gun owners in Croatia. 14,711 people can own and carry firearms for the purpose of personal safety.

Cyprus

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The Republic of Cyprus has strict gun control. Private citizens are completely forbidden from owning handguns and rifles in any calibre, including .22 rimfire ammunition. Shotguns limited to two rounds are allowed with a license, issued by provincial police. Shotguns must be for hunting purposes, and a licensed citizen may own up to ten shotguns, typically double-barrelled. A firearm license is required to buy ammunition, of up to 250 shells per purchase, with sales being recorded. Cyprus also controls airguns, and airgun owners require a license. Even though purchasing automatic weapons is illegal, the military issues their reserves an automatic weapon, therefore the majority of the male population has one due to military conscription.

Czech Republic

Gun safes for visitors at a Czech courthouseGun safes for civilian firearms at a courthouse in Prague. It is forbidden to carry any weapons within a courthouse. Visitors can leave their firearms at gun safes upon entry, before undergoing airport-style security check.Visitor's unloaded pistol and a pepper spray within a courthouse gun safe Main article: Gun law in the Czech Republic See also: History of Czech civilian firearms possession

Gun laws in the Czech Republic adhere to the European Firearms Directive. Legal accessibility is comparable to those EU countries which consider firearms to be primarily tools of individual or collective safety (i.e. Switzerland, Austria, Poland, Baltic states, Finland) and not just sporting instruments (see Gun laws in the European Union).

Right to keep and bear arms is considered to be an attribute of liberty in the country. It is explicitly recognized in the first Article of the Firearms Act. At the constitutional level, the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms protects the "right to defend one's own life or life of another person also with arms under conditions stipulated by law" (see Self-defence law in the Czech Republic).

Firearms are available to any resident subject to acquiring a firearms license. Firearm licenses may be obtained in a way similar to a driving license; by passing a proficiency exam (in Czech language only), medical examination and having no criminal record. Unlike in most other European countries, Czech firearms legislation also permits citizens to carry concealed weapons for self-defense; 260,027 out of 316,859 gun license holders have a concealed carry license (31 December 2023). The most common reason for firearm possession by Czech gun owners is protection, with hunting and sport shooting being less common. Additionally, people can join government endorsed advanced shooting training courses with their privately owned firearms and become members of the militia-style Designated Reserves.

The beginnings of Czech civilian firearms possession date back to 1421, with the first use of firearms as the primary weapons of Hussite militia (see History of Czech civilian firearms possession). Firearms became indispensable tools for the mostly-commoner militia in a war for religious freedom and political independence. Firearms possession became common throughout and after the Hussite wars. The universal right to keep arms for "all people of all standing" was formally affirmed in the 1517 St. Wenceslaus Agreement [cs]. Throughout its 600-year history, Czech firearms legislation remained permissive, with the exception of the periods of German Nazi occupation and of the Communist regime.

The English term pistol originated in 15th-century Czech language. Mariánská skála in Ústí nad Labem is Europe's oldest continually-open shooting range, established in 1617.

Denmark

Civilians in Denmark aged 16 and above can acquire gun licenses for hunting or sport shooting. This requires passing a written multiple-choice test and a practical test, after which a certified hunting license instructor determines if the applicant is suitable to own a weapon. A license is usually provided if the applicant has no or only minor marks on their criminal record.

A hunting license permits the over-the-counter-purchase and ownership of an unlimited number of shotguns of up to 12 gauge and two-round capacity. From there, the police has to be notified of new weapon purchases through an online form. Bolt-action rifles can also be bought over-the-counter, although they require a rifle license which is obtained through the police. The allowed calibers range from the smallest possible, up to .50 BMG, with .50 BMG not included. Semi-automatic rifles are allowed if the rifle is limited to two rounds (hunting in Denmark), or without limitation on capacity (hunting outside of Denmark). Currently, only larger calibers (.308, 6.5 × 55, .300wm etc.) are issued as semi-auto rifles for hunting abroad. .223/5.56 × 45 and similar caliber rifles are generally not approved. The hunter must pass a shotgun or rifle shooting test before being allowed to hunt.

For sport-shooting purposes, shotguns can also be used, as can bolt-action rifles of almost any caliber (.50 BMG as one of the exceptions). Sporting rifles are often chambered in .22 LR and 6.5 × 55 mm. Semi-automatic rifles are not allowed for sports shooting.

Handguns: After two years of active membership in a shooting club, one can apply for a handgun permit which is then subject to background checks and approval by the police, and one has to be 21 years old. Approved calibers: All calibers under 9mm (9 × 19, .38 special, .357 magnum, .32 ACP, etc.), plus a limited number of larger calibers; .40 S&W, .45 ACP, .44 special. The maximum number of handguns are six in .22 caliber. When applying for a third gun, a special permit from the department of justice is required. Large caliber guns, i.e. bigger than .22 caliber, are restricted to a maximum of two in the same caliber. Therefore, one can only own two handguns in 9 mm at any given time. However, it is legal to own an additional two handguns in 9 mm, if these are revolvers. For all handguns, the overall length must be at least 210 millimetres (8.3 in), regardless of caliber, measured without orthopedic grips or removal parts.

A weapon permit for sporting purposes (both long and short firearms) has to be renewed every five years. Rifle permits for hunting rifles have to be renewed every 10 years. Shotguns are not held on individual permits; holders are allowed to own these as long as they have a valid hunting license – and they can keep it for up to 10 years after the hunting license expires – albeit they are not allowed to keep ammunition without a valid license.

Carrying a firearm in public is strictly prohibited, however, a notion of proportional self-defense exists. This means that if someone is attacked with a firearm, they are legally allowed to defend themselves proportionally – e.g. with a firearm of their own.

Fully automatic weapons are prohibited for civilian use, unless a special permit is issued by the Ministry of Justice. These permits are extremely rare, and are normally only issued to people or companies working for, or supplying the police or military.

Illegal possession of a firearm may be punished with imprisonment of no less than one year. Civilians may keep privately owned weapons including pistols, revolvers, shotguns and rifles at their residences. These, together with its ammunition have to be stored in an approved gun cabinet (EN1143-1 grade 0 or better). The police may inspect a shooting club's weapons at their discretion, but require a court order to inspect privately held firearms.

Estonia

Estonia is a shall-issue nation. Background checks, doctor's approval, written and practical exam and a firearms course are required. The courses are only offered by private parties (not law enforcement) and must be performed in Estonian as must be the national exam given by law enforcement. Earlier, a translator was permitted, but it was changed as a consequence of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine due to the large number of ethnic Russians applying for licenses. After the national exam is passed, the taking of which already requires passing the previous requisites, a license must be issued on request with law enforcement having no final say afterwards unless a later cause (like committing a felony) invalidates a license.

Finland

Main article: Firearms regulation in Finland

The ownership and use of firearms in Finland is regulated by the country's Firearms Act of 1998. Weapons are individually licensed by local police, with no limit on the number of licenses an individual may hold. Licenses are granted for recreational uses, exhibition or (under certain circumstances) professional use. No type of weapon is explicitly prohibited, but licenses are granted only for a reason. Self-defense is not accepted as a valid reason for licensing. In general, this excludes all but hunting and sports guns from non-professional use. Fully automatic weapons are generally not permitted. With the exception of law enforcement, only specially trained security guards may carry loaded weapons in public.

In 2007, Finland had the third largest gun-ownership rate globally (behind the US and Yemen), and the first in Europe. Finns practices hunting, and as of 2007, there were 1.6 million registered weapons and 650,000 people with firearm permits in the country, i.e. 12% of the population. In November that year, Finland updated their gun laws after two school shootings that left 20 people dead, and to comply with an EU directive by removing the ability of 15-18-year-olds to have their own permit. The possibility of creating a dual-license for an already licensed weapon with permission of the license holder was allowed (e.g. parental permission). In 2011, a constitutional law committee concluded that people over the age of 20 can receive a permit for semi-automatic handguns; individuals must demonstrate continuous activity in handgun sporting group for two years prior.

France

Main article: Firearms regulation in France

In 1563, Charles IX of France had an address to the Rouen parliament about forbidding firearms in which he made the following statement:

French

English

D'auantage cõsiderant que les meurtres, volleries, assassinats, & autres entreprinfes, qui troublent le commun repos de nosdicts fubects, s'exercent plus par les armes à feu, que nuls aultres : Défendons trefeftroictement sur mefmes peines à toutes personnes, de quelque estat, dignité & qualité qu'ils soyent, porter ne faire porter par leurs gens & seruiteurs dedans les villes, ne par les champs, aucune hacquebute, pistolle ne pistolet, ne d'icelles tirer: sinon (...).

Considering murders, robberies, killings & other enterprises, which disturb regular rest of ours subjects, are more exercised by firearms than any others: We forbid very strictly with same punishment for everybody, of any state, dignity & quality they are, to carry or make carry by their people & servitors neither within any town, nor in the countryside, any hacquebute, pistol nor pistolet, nor to use them: except (...)

In France, a hunting license or a sport-shooting license is needed to purchase any smokeless powder firearm. In September 2015, firearms were divided into four categories that determine the regulations that apply to their possession and use. Category D arms include black powder firearms designed before 1900 and compressed air arms developing between 2 and 20 joules, they can be purchased by any citizen over the age of 18. Category C firearms can be obtained with a hunting license, or sport-shooting license with a medical certificate. Category C includes mainly single-shot-per-barrel shotguns and single-shot or manual repeating rifles (including centre-fire rifles, for hunting or target shooting). Once legally purchased these category C arms may be kept, without using them, even when no longer licensed for hunting or sport-shooting.

Category B firearms are only available to sport-shooters licensed for at least 6 months, with a medical certificate, without any felony convictions, and additionally requires at least three shooting sessions with an instructor each separated by 2 months. Specific authorisations for purchase and possession may then be sought from a local police administration, are valid for 5 years, and are renewable. Such weapons may then only be used for sport-shooting at shooting ranges, never for hunting. Category B includes all assault type rifles, such as AK-47/AKM, AK-74 or AR-15/M16/M4, and any look-alike weapons even when chambered for rimfire cartridges (.22 LR). These must be semi-automatic only. All handguns, including those using rimfire ammunition, are classed as category B. It is illegal to possess these category B weapons after expiry of a non-renewed specific authorisation: the arms must be disposed of (sold to a gun shop or else destroyed, for example). Authorisations can also be revoked at any time by any of the parties involved in the authorisations delivery (Government, Prefecture, Police).

Air-guns including pistols are freely available to adults, as category D arms, provided that their energy level does not exceed 20 J (previously 10 J). Typical energy levels are 6 J for a target pistol and 7.5 J for a target rifle. A scoped Field Target rifle might produce 15 or 16 J (maximum authorised in FT competition). Air-soft arms, firing non-metallic pellets and not exceeding 2 J energy, are considered to be toys, rather than weapons, and so are excluded from firearm regulations.

Also freely available are category D defensive pepper sprays up to a maximum 75 g capacity. Bigger capacity sprays are considered offensive weapons, not defensive, and so are classed in category B, and require specific authorisation.

A person cannot own more than 12 centerfire firearms, and cannot own more than 10 magazines and 1,000 rounds of ammunition per firearm. A one-year carry license may be issued for persons "exposed to exceptional risks to their life" allowing them to carry a handgun with a maximum of 50 rounds. Such authorizations are extremely rare, however, as the state would normally insist on providing police protection in such cases. Since November 2015, police officers are authorised to carry their service weapons whilst off-duty.

Germany

Main article: Gun control in Germany

Gun ownership in Germany is restrictive, being regulated by the Federal Weapons Act (German: Waffengesetz) of 1972. The laws apply to weapons with a fire energy exceeding 7.5 J. A firearms license may be granted to those over the age of 18 who have no criminal convictions or mental disability, who are deemed reliable and can justify a reason for owning a firearm. A separate license is required for each firearm owned. Target-shooters must have been a member of a shooting club with 18 recorded visits in the previous 12 months. A firearms carry permit is a second-tier license which allows concealed carrying in public, and is only issued to those with a particular need.

Several weapons and special ammunitions are completely prohibited, such as automatic firearms. Buying, possessing, lending, using, carrying, crafting, altering and the trading of these weapons is illegal and punishable by up to five years imprisonment, confiscation of the weapon and a fine of up to €10,000. Using an illegal weapon for crimes of any kind is punishable by 1–10 years imprisonment.

Germany's National Gun Registry, introduced at the end of 2012, counted 5.5 million firearms legally owned by 1.4 million people.

Greece

Greece has gun regulations in place. Shotguns (limited to a 3-round capacity), rifles and handguns require a license issued by Police Headquarters. A license may be issued to a Greek citizen over the age of 18 if: a) there are serious fears about his or her personal security along with a positive recommendation by the Prosecutor and b) it is required for the safety of shops, banks, other financial institutions, etc. To purchase handguns and rifles, citizens must either have a concealed-carry permit or a target-shooting permit (for rifles and pistols). Semi auto rifles are not prohibited since the beginning of 2023. Hunters can own up to 10 shotguns and rifles (with no gun barrel rifling) and sport shooters can own up to 8 guns. There is no license-check or record kept for ammunition purchases for shotguns but target shooters can only own 1000 rounds per weapon but 3500 in total tops.

Hungary

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Gun laws in Hungary are relatively strict, regulated by Code 24/2004, governmental decision 253/2004. (VIII. 31.) and directive of the Minister of Internal Affairs 49/2004. The law defines a firearm as having muzzle energy that exceeds 7.5 joules (5.5 ft⋅lbf). A firearms license may be granted to those over the age of 18 who have no criminal convictions or mental disability, and have passed a basic firearms theory/practical examination. Three categories of firearms ownership are allowed: Hunting (Firearms restricted to bolt action rifles and double barrel shotguns), Sports shooting (only restriction is no fully automatic firearms), Self defense (special permission from the Police, very rarely granted in special cases e.g. gun shop owners). Sports shooting has in recent years gained popularity with the number of sports category licenses being issued steadily climbing. Government initiatives to popularize shooting sports such as building shooting ranges and introducing shooting as a sport in the schooling system has slowly begun. It is generally expected that obtaining (and keeping) a firearms permit is a slow and somewhat costly process, but once a permit is granted and the necessary yearly memberships are paid, yearly doctors certificates are obtained and the mandatory 2–3 sporting events are attended (for sports shooter) ownership is fairly liberal as to the type of firearm one can own.

In 2010, there were 129,000 registered gun owners (1.3% of the population) in Hungary with 235,000 firearms. The majority of these were hunting rifles. Gun violence is very rare in Hungary. Crime with firearms are very rare and this statistic usually includes crimes committed with non-lethal "pepper spray" guns. Police use lethal force with a firearm less than 10 times per year, on average.

Ireland

Main article: Firearms policy in the Republic of Ireland

Gun laws in Ireland are strict, requiring all firearms to be licensed individually through the Gardaí (police). Applicants must be 16 years of age and have a good reason for ownership, a secure location to store firearms, proof of competency with the firearm or arrangements to achieve such, provide access to medical records and two character references, and be of sound mind and temperate habits. Applicants convicted of certain specified offenses will be denied a firearms certificate. Personal protection is not a valid reason for ownership.

Irish firearms law is based on the Firearms Act 1925, which was amended by several following acts in 1964, 1968, 1971, 1990, 1998 and 2000. The cumulative effect of these modifications, along with modifications in other acts and confusion over which amendments applied, resulted in a 2006 Irish Law Reform Commission recommendation that all extant legislation be restated (written in a single document with all prior Acts repealed). However, the Criminal Justice Act 2006, contained a rewriting almost 80% of the Firearms Act. It was quickly followed by amendments in 2007 and further major amendments in 2009, exacerbating the legislative confusion. As of 2014, the Law Reform Commission recommendation has not as yet been fully enacted; the Firearms Act consists of the initial 1925 Act amended by approximately twenty separate Acts and is well understood by only a handful of those directly involved in its drafting, amendment or usage. Extensive complaints have arisen over the application of the legislation, with several hundred judicial review cases won in the High Court and Supreme Court by firearms owners, all relating to licensing decisions which had not adhered to the Firearms Act.

Italy

Main article: Gun control in Italy

In Italy, national police issue gun licenses to those over the age of 18 without criminal records, who are not mentally ill or known to use illicit substances, and who can prove competence with firearm safety. A shooting sports license permits transporting unloaded firearms and firing them in designated shooting ranges. A hunting license allows holders to engage in hunting with firearms. A concealed carry license permits a person to carry a loaded firearm in public, and requires proving a "valid reason" to do so (e.g. a security guard or a jeweller at risk of robbery). All weapons must be registered within 72 hours from the moment of purchase. The number of firearms an individual may own and retain at the place declared during registration is limited to:

• Unlimited weapons suitable for hunting. These are defined as smoothbore or rifled firearms having a barrel length of at least 30 centimetres and a total length of at least 60 centimetres. In the case of smoothbores the caliber must not be greater than 12 gauge, while in the case of rifles it must not be smaller than 5.6 millimetres measured between the lands, with a casing length no shorter than 40 millimetres if the caliber is exactly equal to 5.6 millimetres.
• Twelve long or short firearms classified as suited for shooting sports by the Italian national proof house at the request of a sport association federated with the Italian Olympic Committee (CONI).
• Three weapons whose characteristics do not make them suitable for hunting and that have not been classified as suitable for sporting.
• Eight antiques firearms (manufactured before 1890).
• An unlimited quantity of single shot muzzle-loading functioning replicas of firearms built before 1890.
• Unlimited quantity of Moderate Offensive Capacity (<7,5 Joule) air guns.

The last two can be purchased in an authorized firearm shop by anyone who can prove to be at least 18 years old, without the need for a license. The carrying of such weapons is forbidden without a licence and no registration is required (Art. 7 c.4 DM 362/2001). These limits can be exceeded with a collector license.

Ammunition: any licence allows the owner to keep 200 rounds of handgun and 1500 rounds of hunting ammunition or up to 5 kg of gunpowder (smokeless or black) to handload cartridges. Registration is required within 72 hours form acquisition for all ammunition and powder. Registration is not to be repeated if ammunition and powder are used and then bought again, unless the original quantity registered is being exceeded with the new purchase. Smoothbore cartridges not loaded with slugs but instead with shot (regardless of its size) can be owned without registration if the number possessed is inferior to one thousand.

Lithuania

Main article: Gun laws in Lithuania

Luxembourg

In Luxembourg, anyone wishing to purchase, possess or use a firearm must hold a permit issued by the Minister of Justice in person.

The most common reasons for applying for a permit are hunting, recreational shooting, weapons collecting, and inheriting a firearm. Anyone who inherits a firearm must have a permit even if they have no intention to ever touch or use the gun.

Self-defence is not a valid reason for owning a firearm. However, the Ministry of Justice is concerned that some permit holders falsely cite another reason (such as recreational shooting) as a justification for acquiring their permit when their sole actual motivation is self-defence.

Malta

Main article: Gun laws in Malta

Firearms are allowed in Malta for sport shooting, collection and hunting purposes. To get firearm license one must join a shooting or collectors club for training, which will issue a recommendation letter for the police, after which applicant must pass knowledge of firearm safety and the Arms Act. After successfully completing every step one will get license.

There are 102,610 registered firearms (or 22 per 100 people), including 56,000 shotguns, 10,553 pistols, 7,856 rifles, 5,369 revolvers, 501 machine guns, 477 sub-machine guns, 633 combat shotguns, 22 cannons, 7 humane killers and 2 rocket launchers.

Law allow carrying firearms while hunting, with 10,544 licensed to do so on land and 247 on sea. Carrying loaded firearms outside of hunting grounds or shooting range is illegal. Automatic firearms are allowed only if they were produced before 1946.

Netherlands

In the Netherlands, gun ownership is restricted to hunters, collectors and target shooters. A hunting license requires passing a hunters safety course and an exam. To own a gun for target shooting, the applicant must have been a member of a shooting club for a year. People with felonies, drug addictions, and mental illnesses may not possess firearms. To be a collector one has to limit oneself to a specific area of expertise and demonstrate a serious and thorough knowledge of that area, for instance through publications or lectures.

Once obtained, firearms must be stored in a safe and are annually inspected by police (every 3 years when over 25). Legally owned firearms may only be used in self-defense as a last resort. Fully automatic firearms are only allowed on a special permit (usually issued to collectors), but there are otherwise few restrictions: semi-automatics, handguns, and magazines of all sizes are legal, as are all types of non-armourpiercing, non-incendiary or non-explosive ammunition. Silencers require special permission. A licensed target shooter may only have five firearms registered to his or her license at one time (hunters seven, collectors unlimited) but exceptions are possible. Antique firearms (not replicas or center fire cartridge revolvers) are free to own when originally designed and produced for black powder and not at any time officially proofed and stamped for nitro powder.

Poland

Main article: Gun laws in Poland

Gun ownership in Poland is regulated by the Weapons and Munitions Act of 1999 as further amended. A permit is required to own or possess firearms. Permits are granted for specific purposes, such as self-defense, sport, hunting, collecting etc. and are shall issue except the ones for self-defense, which are may issue. Institutional permits allow for firearm ownership by private security companies, shooting ranges, sport clubs etc.

Permits are issued to permanent residents over 21, not addicted to alcohol or other substances, having no criminal record, being in good physical and mental health, who passed an exam before sporting association, hunting association or the Police. Permits specify the purposes, categories and quantities of allowed guns; categories depend on permit purpose while quantities are assigned at the discretion of the Police, based on documentation provided. Quantities can be increased when one uses up all available slots.

Carrying loaded guns is allowed on all types of permits except permits for collecting and memorial purposes. Hunters can carry loaded only on hunting grounds. Guns shall be carried concealed in a holster close to the body. Carrying in public transport is limited only to self-defense permit holders. It is prohibited to carry while intoxicated, and when attending public gatherings or mass events.

Everyone, including foreigners, is allowed to use legal guns at registered shooting ranges, regardless of actual gun's ownership, e.g. rented from the range or shared by a legal owner present. Discharging a firearm for training or leisure out of a registered shooting range (even on a large private property) is prohibited.

Full-auto or select-fire firearms are permitted only on institutional and training permits. Since 2020 the Police can issue permits for firearms with suppressors for hunting, but only to be used for sanitary shootings, see main article for details. Armor-piercing, incendiary, tracer and other special ammunition is banned. Only valid permit holders are allowed to buy or possess live ammunition, and only of the types exactly matching the guns they legally own. The quantity of matching ammunition in possession is not limited. Hunters, collectors and sport shooters are allowed to manufacture (reload) ammunition, but strictly for their own use. There are further limits regarding allowed types and calibers depending on the purpose of the permit – see main article for details. There are no limits of magazine capacity, except when hunting.

Replicas of cartridgeless black powder firearms designed before 1885 require no permit to own. However, a separate bill of law allows businesses to sell black powder to licensed customers only. This is often circumvented by obtaining a European Firearms Pass for a black powder firearm, asking a licensed colleague (there are no restrictions of private sale or just giving out of black powder) or by buying powder in neighboring countries, mostly the Czech Republic.

Air guns up to 17 Joules of muzzle energy are unregulated. Air guns above that limit are considered pneumatic weapons, no permit is required but the owner has to be 18 and has to pass medical and psychological evaluation as for firearms permit; guns must be registered with the Police and may be used only on registered shooting ranges. Use of pneumatic weapons outside of shooting range is considered the same kind of offense as using firearms.

Some other weapons are restricted and require a permit, such as electroshock weapons with mean current greater than 10 mA, large pepper spray dispensers, crossbows, specific kinds of batons, brass knuckles and nunchakus, however ban on nuchakus is not enforced.

Romania

Gun ownership in Romania is regulated by Law 295/2004. Romania has one of the toughest gun ownership laws in the world. In order for citizens to obtain a weapon, they must obtain a permit from the police, and must register their weapon once they purchase it. There are several categories of permits, with different requirements and rights, including hunting permits, self-defense permits, sports shooting permits and collectors permits. The only categories of people who are legally entitled to carry a weapon are owners of self-defense permits, magistrates, MPs, military forces and certain categories of diplomats. A psychological evaluation is required beforehand in all cases.

Furthermore, knives and daggers may in certain conditions (blade longer than 15 cm and at least 0.4 cm in width, double edge along the whole blade, etc.) be considered weapons and have a similar regime to those of firearms.

In order for a hunter to obtain a hunting/gun ownership license, he must spend a certain "practice time" with a professional hunter. To obtain a self-defense permit, one must be under witness protection. Sporting and collectors licenses require membership in a sport shooting club or collectors' association, respectively.

The amount of ammunition that can be owned is regulated by permit type. Sporting permits allow the ownership of 1,000 matching cartridges per gun; hunting permits allow 300 matching cartridges per gun; self-defense permits allow 50 bullet cartridges and 50 blanks per gun; Collectors permits do not allow for private ownership of ammunition.

Explosive weapons and ammunitions, fully automatic weapons, weapons camouflaged in the shape of another object, armor-piercing ammunition and lethal weapons that do not fit in any category defined by the law are prohibited.

The type of gun is also regulated by permit. Below is a shortened version of the table detailing the restrictions by type of lethal weapon and permit, for civilian owners. Note that for collectors, short weapons designed after 1945 are forbidden, while only non-lethal weapons are allowed for self-defense permits.

It is illegal to use or carry weapons with a muzzle velocity of over 10 kJ if "the barrel is fitted with devices conceived or adapted to reduce recoil"

Gun type	Hunting	Sporting	Collection
Short, center-fire weapons such as pistols and revolvers	No	Yes	Yes
Long, semi-automatic weapons with a magazine capacity of more than 3 cartridges	No	Yes	Yes
Long, semi-automatic weapons that retain the appearance of a fully automatic weapon	Yes	No	Yes
Long, semi-automatic weapons with a magazine capacity of at most 3 cartridges, and which cannot be reasonably modified to hold more than 3 cartridges	Yes	Yes	Yes
Long, smooth-bore semi-automatic and repetition weapons with a length of at most 60 cm	Yes	Yes	Yes
Short, single-shot centerfire weapons with a length of at most 28 cm	No	Yes	Yes
Short, rim-fire single-shot, semi-automatic and repetition weapons	No	Yes	Yes
Single-shot center-fire rifles	Yes	Yes	Yes
Single-shot smoothbore weapons at least 28 cm long	Yes	Yes	Yes

Note that there are other restrictions for obtaining weapons under a sports-shooting license.

Minors (14 and older) may also use a weapon, provided that they are under the supervision of someone who has a gun license. However, they cannot own or carry one until the age of 18.

The use of guns for self-defense is only allowed if the gun is a last resort option.

Slovakia

Gun ownership in Slovakia is regulated principally by law 190/2003 (law of weapons and ammunition). A firearms license may be issued to an applicant at least 21 years of age (18 years for category D if they own a valid hunting permit, 15 years for state representative in sport-shooting), with no criminal history, and of sound health and mind, who has a valid reason for owning a gun, passes an oral exam covering aspects of gun law, safe handling, and first aid.

Licenses are issued in 6 categories:

• Category A: Concealed carry for self-defense
• Category B: Home self-defense
• Category C: Possession for work purposes
• Category D: Long guns for hunting
• Category E: Possession for sport shooting
• Category F: Collecting

A concealed carry license is only issued if the police deem a sufficient justification. Because of that issue of this license is may-issue in practice, and vary across Slovakia by stance of individual police department issuing licence. It is kind of similar to California, some department is almost shall-issue, another need true sufficient reason (like a constant more than average threat, previous assaults on applicant, transports of money, former service in army or law enforcement, legal awareness of applicant, clientelism). Only about 2% of the adult population holds this license.

There is an exception for non-repeating muzzle-loaded firearms, which may be purchased without a license.

Slovenia

Gun ownership in Slovenia is regulated under the "Weapons Law" (Zakon o orožju) which is harmonised with the directives of the EU. Gun permits are issued to applicants at least 18 years old, reliable, without criminal history and who has not been a conscientious objector, who passes a medical exam and a test on firearm safety. A specific reason must be given for gun ownership: for hunting or target shooting, the applicant must provide proof of membership in a hunting or sports shooting organization; for collection, the applicant must arrange safe storage with a level of security dependent on the type of weapons; for self-defense, the applicant must prove a risk to personal safety to such an extent that a weapon is needed.

As in most EU member states, the ownership of Category A firearms is prohibited; however these can be owned by weapon collectors, providing that requirements are met. Suppressors are legal and unregulated since 2021. Firearms must be stored in a locked cabinet with ammunition stored separately. Concealed carry is allowed in special circumstances. A gun permit is also required for airguns with muzzle velocity greater than 200 m/s (660 ft/s) or energy of 20 joules (15 ft⋅lbf).

Spain

Firearm regulation in Spain is restrictive, enacted in Citizen Security Protection Organic Act of 2015 and the Weapons Regulation (Royal Decree 137/1993). Both laws are covered by article 149.1.26.ª of the Spanish Constitution, which attributes to the State the exclusive competence in terms of the "regime of production, trade, possession and use of weapons and explosives".

A firearm license may be obtained from the Guardia Civil after passing a police background check, a physiological and medical test, and a practical and theoretical exam. Shotgun, rifle and sporting licenses must be renewed after 5 years, subject to firearm inspection. Sporting licence requires to present proof of sporting activity of at least one competition each year. A minimum score may be required for some categories. Police may inspect firearms at any time. A self-defense and concealed carry license must be renewed every year, and is only available under special conditions.

A license-holder may own up to 6 shotguns, and unlimited rifles. With a sporting license, valid for 5 years, 1 to 10 handguns may be owned, depending on sports-shooting level. Magazine capacity for semi-automatic centerfire rifles and semi-automatic shotguns is limited to 10 rounds for sports shooting and 2 rounds for hunting. Handgun magazines are limited to 20 round capacity. Rimfire rifles, regardless of type have no magazine limit. Rifles chambered for certain cartridges with military origins are prohibited, such as .223/5.56 NATO and .50 BMG. The .308 Winchester and 7.62x39 mm (AK round) cartridges are only permitted in bolt-action, repetition or single-shot firearms. Proof of ownership of an approved safe is required for all centerfire rifles and handguns, and the owner is responsible for firearm thefts. Ammunition must be stored separately. Rifle and handgun ammunition may only be possessed for legally owned firearms, and purchases and possession is limited to 200 rounds rifle and 100 rounds for handguns. In addition, there are yearly limits in quantity (1000 for rifles,100 for handguns); however additional quantities can be petitioned, mainly for sporting use. For shotgun Ammunition, adults with a valid ID can purchase/possess up to 5,000 shells and there are no yearly limits in quantity. License-holders are only allowed to transport their unloaded firearms from their residence to the shooting range or hunting field and back, with no detours. Firearms may only be discharged at approved shooting ranges or hunting grounds (in season).

There are firearm license for private security for handguns and rifles. These cannot be used outside of work and must be stored in the workplace premises (with approved safe).

In addition there are handgun license for self-defense in concealed carry. However, this is granted on a "may issue" basis with several standards of necessity to be met and very few are granted. This license must be renewed annually and is not automatic.

Members of police forces and officers and non-commissioned officers of the armed forces have a special firearms license which encompasses all of the others. There are additional licenses for collectors and muzzle-loading firearms.

Sweden

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Gun ownership in Sweden is regulated by Vapenlagen 1996:67 (literally, The Weapon Law), modified by weapon decree Vapenförordningen 1996:70 and FAP 551-3 / RPSFS 2009:13. The police issue licenses to persons older than 18 years in good standing on the "need to have" basis, which generally implies either hunting or sport shooting. Passing a hunting examination or membership in an approved sport shooting club for six months is required. Sport shooting licenses must be renewed every 5 years, whereas hunting licenses are valid for the lifetime of the holder. License-holders may lend a weapon to a person at least 15 years of age for supervised use.

A separate license is required for each particular firearm or caliber conversion kit. There's no codified limit on the number of licenses a person can hold, but in practice a license-holder may own up to six hunting rifles, ten handguns, or a mix of eight rifles and handguns. Firearms must be stored in an approved safe. A firearm registered for hunting may be used for sport shooting, but not vice versa. In 2023, previous restrictions on hunting licenses for semi-automatic firearms based on appearance or military origin were lifted, and as a result the only remaining restrictions specific to hunting are a minimum total weapon length exceeding 60 cm and magazine size on semi-automatic rifles and magazine-fed shotguns. Licenses for fully automatic weapons are not generally issued, with limited exceptions for collection and sport shooting using the WWII era m/45 submachine gun.

Starting 1 July 2022, suppressors no longer require a separate license and can be freely acquired by anyone with a valid gun license and can be legally used both for hunting and target shooting.

Self-defense with firearms, as well as carry, is generally prohibited. Carry permits can be issued by the police under very special circumstances like an immediate and demonstrable threat to life. Transportation of unloaded firearms is allowed to and from approved shooting ranges or hunting grounds. Sweden is notorious for having even pepper spray and other nonlethal self-defence methods under its weapons law with similar legal punishments for misuse.

Firearm collectors must have a clearly stated demarcation of their interest in collecting (e.g.: pre-World War II British handguns). The police may demand security measures on keeping the collection. Collectors may request a time-limited permit to discharge their weapons. Firearms manufactured before 1890 and not using sealed cartridges are exempt from the weapon law.

Georgia

In Georgia, civilians above 18 years of age may obtain a firearm permit from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, allowing them to purchase and keep firearms for hunting and sports (pump-action shotguns, hunting rifles, carbines, combined hunting firearms), self-defense (handguns, air guns, sprays, electric tranquilizers) or collections. Permits are denied to persons who are mentally ill, use illicit substances or alcohol recreationally, and those who have criminal records.

Iceland

In Iceland, a license is required to own or possess firearms. A national government safety course must be passed before applying for a license. A special license is required to own a handgun, which may only be used for target shooting at a licensed range. Semi-automatic firearms have caliber restrictions, while fully automatic firearms are only permitted for collectors.

Applicants must sit through a mandatory four-hour lecture on the "history and physics of the firearm". Paperwork must be filed in the police, magistrate, and the Environment Agency of Iceland. Applicants need to prove clean criminal records, need to be evaluated by a doctor to prove they "are of sound mind" and have "good enough eyesight". Two books referring to guns must be bought and read, a three-day course must be attended, and the applicant should score at least 75% on exams concerning gun safety, management, "what animals are allowed to be hunted and when. Finally, a practical exam must be taken. After Icelanders have their license, they need to own a gun safe to store the weapons in, plus a separate place to store the ammunition".

Approximately one gun is owned for every three people in the country, being used mostly for hunting and competitive shooting. From January to July 2019, 394 shotguns, 785 rifles, and 208 handguns were registered in Iceland. In total, police counts for guns in Iceland include about 40,000 shotguns, 25,000 rifles, and 3,600 handguns as of July that year.

Monaco

Law in Monaco divides firearms into two categories:

• Category "A" weapons including hand guns, semi-automatic firearms and those firing centerfire ammunition require membership in the Monaco Rifle Club, a certificate of aptitude and handling for the requested weapon, and no past history of treatment in a psychiatric unit;
• Category "B" weapons are hunting weapons that do not require licensing unless they are imported.

North Macedonia

Main article: Gun law in North Macedonia

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To obtain a firearm license in North Macedonia one must be at least 18 years old, able-bodied, healthy, not representing danger to public order, have permanent residency, possess technical knowledge of weapons and regulations related to them and have a justified reason for acquiring the weapon. Justified reasons include:

• Proving one's life or property is in danger;
• Being an active member of hunting or archery associations and passing a specific hunting exam;
• Being a weapons collector;
• Legally inheriting a weapon;
• Weapons having been granted as awards by the state or during archery competitions.

Fully automatic firearms are prohibited. Carrying firearms in public places is prohibited.

North Macedonia has its own defense industry with ATS Group, Eurokompozit Prilep

Norway

Main article: Firearms regulation in Norway

Firearm ownership in Norway is controlled by laws passed by the Norwegian Parlament, with further regulations passed by the Ministry of Justice and Public Security. The National Police Directorate can issue government circulars with further in depth definition of how the firearm regulations should be interpreted (by the police).

The Norwegian police can issue firearms licenses to those with a hunting license or members of a sports shooting club. They can also issue licenses to Norwegian historical weapons society collectors, museums, international ship and port facility security and more.

Hunters can own up to 8 firearms, and sports shooters can own up to two firearms per approved shooting disciplines as defined by The National Police Directorate. The purchase of ammunition is restricted to those with a valid firearms license for any given calibre.

Long guns must have a minimum barrel length of 40 centimetres and an overall length of 84 centimetres when operable. Rifles are restricted to 10-round magazines, shotguns to 5 rounds, and pistols to 20 rounds per default. Detachable box magazines for semi-automatic shotguns are prohibited.

Hunters can own semi-automatic and manually loaded rifles and shotguns. Semi-automatic rifles for hunting shall only accept detachable 10-round magazines or smaller ones. They must also have the visual appearance of a "hunting rifle" (i.e. no detachable pistol-grip, or handguard that covers the top half of the barrel).

Sports shooters can own semi-automatic and manually loaded rifles, shotguns and pistols. Sports shooters can apply for unrestricted magazine capacity for each firearm used in an approved sports shooting discipline. However, in practice, it is only approved for rifles and pistols.

Civilians are not permitted to transport/carry firearms loaded or in a manner that allows for easy access in public places, effectively prohibiting any form of concealed or open-carrying of firearms. Moreover, self-defence is not a valid reason for having a firearms licence issued. Firearms licences are only issued for hunting and sporting (or other speciality purposes not generally applicable to ordinary civilians).

Russia

Main article: Gun control in Russia

Russian citizens over 21 years of age can obtain a firearms license after attending gun safety classes and passing a federal test and background check. Firearms may be acquired for self-defense, hunting, or sports activities. Carry permits may be issued for hunting firearms licensed for hunting purposes. Initially, purchases are limited to long smooth-bore firearms and pneumatic weapons with a muzzle energy of up to 25 joules (18 ft⋅lbf). After five years of shotgun ownership, rifles may be purchased. Handguns are generally not allowed (except traumatic handguns which are allowed for self-defense but can fire only cartridges with rubber bullets), but with the growing popularity of practical shooting events and competitions in Russia in recent years (e.g. IPSC), handgun ownership has now been allowed and the handguns have to be stored at a shooting club. Rifles and shotguns with barrels shorter than 500 mm (20 in) are prohibited, as are firearms which shoot in bursts or have more than a 10-cartridge capacity. Suppressors are prohibited.

See also: Gun laws in the Soviet Union

Serbia

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Serbia has weapon laws and ranks third in guns per capita with a strong gun culture, especially in rural areas, with about one million guns in legal circulation. Weapons are regulated by the Weapons and Ammunition Law (Zakon o oružju i municiji).

People over age 18 may own firearms with a permit, which is denied to those with a criminal history, mental disorder, or history of alcohol or illegal substance use. There is a thorough background check with police having the final decision. Firearms must be stored in a designated gun cabinet, and may be confiscated by police if the owner is found irresponsible.

Rifles, shotguns and handguns may be owned with an appropriate permit. Having a permit to own a firearm does not itself allow the bearer to carry the firearm anywhere outside the home, regardless of whether it is concealed or not. The owner may transport their firearms at any time provided they are unloaded. Concealed carry permits for handguns require proving an imminent threat, with the police making a final decision. Therefore, concealed carry permits are hard to obtain. There is no limit on the number of firearms one may own, though every gun transaction is recorded by the police. There is no caliber restriction. Fully automatic firearms and suppressors are prohibited for civilians. Automatic long firearms are allowed to be obtained and used by legal entities under special circumstances. People over 18 years of age can buy and carry stun guns and electric tranquilizers with no permit needed. People over 16 can carry OC sprays. There is no restriction regarding the number of rounds that may be purchased. Ammunition may be bought only for the caliber in which an owned firearm is chambered. Reloading is allowed only to those who have passed an exam in handling explosive materials. Old firearms (produced before 1900), historically significant firearms, as well as black powder firearms (all category C items) may be bought without any permit.

Serbia has its own civilian gun and ammunition industry: Zastava Arms, Prvi Partizan, and Krušik.

Switzerland

Main article: Firearms regulation in Switzerland

Firearm regulations in Switzerland are comparatively liberal. Swiss gun laws are primarily about the acquisition of arms, and not ownership. As such a license is not required to own a gun by itself, but a shall-issue permit is required to purchase most types of firearms. Bolt-action rifles do not require an acquisition permit, and can be acquired with just a background check.

The Swiss have male conscription for military service. A 2011 referendum to force military weapons to be kept at military sites was defeated. Weapons may voluntarily be kept in the local armory and there is no longer an obligation to keep the weapon at home.

The Swiss "Federal Law on Arms, Arms Accessories and Ammunitions" (WG, LArm) of 20 June 1997 has as its objectives (Article 1) to combat the wrongful use of arms, their accessories, parts and ammunition. It governs the acquisition of arms, their introduction into Swiss territory, export, storage, possession, carrying, transport, and brokerage. It regulates the manufacture and trade in arms, and seeks to prevent the wrongful carrying of ammunition and dangerous objects. Article 3 states that "The right to acquire, possess and carry arms is guaranteed in the framework of this law".

Ukraine

Main article: Gun law in Ukraine

As of 27 February 2022 there are no restrictions on ownership of any types of weapons, in fact the Ukrainian government has given out thousands of military grade weapons to its populace. This is due to the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian war.

Ukraine is the only European country without firearms legislation. Regulation is by executive fiat; specifically, Order No. 622 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. A firearm license may be issued to citizens who meet an age requirement (21 for shotguns, 18 for shotguns for hunting purposes, and 25 for rifles), have no criminal record or history of domestic violence or mental illness and have a specific reason such as target shooting, hunting or collecting. Handguns of .22, 9 mm, .357 magnum and .38 caliber are permitted only for target shooting and those who can prove a threat against their lives (who are typically also given concealed carry permits). All firearms must be stored unloaded in a safe.

Citizens wishing to purchase weapons must complete courses on the fundamentals of Ukrainian legislation on weapons, their technical design and rules for the safe handling of weapons, as well as practical shooting. The organization of relevant courses is assigned to the internal affairs bodies. In order to obtain a weapon permit, citizens submit an application in the prescribed form, a certificate of completion of relevant courses, undergo a medical examination, an inspection of the internal affairs agencies and pass a test on the fundamentals of current legislation and rules for handling weapons and their application skills.

Article 263 of the Ukrainian Criminal Code says that for illegal carrying, storing and selling firearms, explosives and ammunition a person faces from 3 to 7 years in prison.

Weapon permits are not issued, and issued ones are canceled if there are:

• Certificates (conclusions) of the medical institution that a person cannot own a weapon for health reasons;
• The court's decision to declare him incompetent, partially capable, or to lead missing;
• Information about the systematic violations by the person of the rules of arms trafficking, public order, being registered and treated for alcohol use disorder, use of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances without a doctor's prescription;
• Court verdict on conviction of a person to imprisonment;
• Outstanding or not removed in the prescribed manner of conviction for serious crimes, as well as crimes committed with the use of weapons or explosive devices;
• Court rulings on the direction to serve deprivation of liberty, conditionally convicted with a delay in the execution of the sentence, or a court ruling on the replacement of the unmerited term of correctional labor with a sentence of imprisonment.

The list of diseases and physical defects, in the presence of which a weapon permit is not issued, is approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.

Foreigners have the right to purchase civilian weapons of ammunition and ammunition for permits issued by the internal affairs bodies on the basis of petitions from diplomatic missions or consular offices of the states of which they are citizens, as well as ministries and other central executive authorities of Ukraine, subject to the export of such weapons from Ukraine later than 5 days after purchase. Foreigners who have received certificates of permanent residence in Ukraine have the right to purchase weapons in the manner established for citizens of Ukraine. Hunting and sporting weapons can be imported by foreigners into Ukraine with the appropriate permission of the internal affairs bodies and hunting agreements made with hunting farms or inviting ministries and other central executive authorities to participate in sports competitions.

United Kingdom (Except Northern Ireland)

Main article: Firearms regulation in the United Kingdom

The UK increased firearm regulation through several Firearms Acts, leading to an outright ban on automatic firearms and many semi-automatic firearms. Breech-loading handguns are also tightly controlled. There are three main types of firearm that require different licences:

• Section 1 firearms require a firearms certificate (FAC), and includes any article that can be defined as a firearm but which is not covered under some other section. Section 1 most commonly includes bolt-action rifles, semi-automatic rifles in rimfire only, long-barrelled pistols, and all shotguns that do not conform to section 2 requirements. There are additional requirements for both sections, such as length and ammunition type, and some accessories such as suppressors are also subject to licensing restrictions.
• Section 2 firearms are shotguns with a maximum magazine capacity of two cartridges, excluding those in the chamber, and require a Shotgun Certificate (SGC); unlike the other licences, the onus is on the police to find good reason not to grant applicants a licence.
• Section 5 firearms are generally prohibited from private ownership. A S.5 permit may be obtained under certain circumstances, but from the Home Office, rather than local Police. Section 5 firearms include fully automatic firearms; semi-automatic rifles in centre-fire calibres; "short firearms" (most handguns); rocket launchers and mortars (other than for line throwing or pyrotechnic use); firearms disguised as another object; ammunition designed to explode on impact.
• Section 7(3) permits bona-fide collectors to obtain Section 5 firearms "of particular rarity, aesthetic quality or technical interest" or "of historical importance" on the authority of local Police, rather than with Home Office. Section 7(3) permits are typically granted only to those with a demonstrable academic background in firearm or military history, such as members of the Historical Breechloading Smallarms Association (HBSA) or institutions such as the Royal Armouries Museum or Imperial War Museum. Section 7(3) firearms are subject to enhanced conditions of storage, being kept at Designated Sites.

An SGC allows the holder to purchase and own any number of shotguns, so long as they can be securely stored, and does not restrict purchase or storage of ammunition; additionally they may legally give shotgun ammunition to non-licence holders. Section 1 and 5 firearms require individual permission for each firearm or accessory, and there are restrictions as to the type and quantity of ammunition held. Aside from Northern Ireland, private ownership of most handguns was banned in 1997, with exception for section 5 firearms licences, which are only generally issued to maritime security personnel, and those under police protection. In the run up to the 2012 Olympic Games, British Shooting reached agreement with the Home Office to nominate a small number of elite athletes who could keep and train with Section 5 pistols in the UK at designated ranges.

There are several factors that may disqualify applicants. A custodial sentence of between three months and three years disqualifies applicants for five years from release; three years or greater disqualifies applicants for life. "Intemperate habits", such as substance use, may disqualify applicants. Being of "unsound mind", meaning a history of mental illness, or other relevant medical conditions may disqualify applicants, however there are no conditions that "make them automatically unsuitable to possess a firearm", and police will contact the applicant's general practitioner, who place a flag on the records of all licence holders. Applicants must also have suitable measures for storing firearms and ammunition, such as a gun safe. The FAC additionally requires demonstrating a good reason for each firearm the applicant wishes to own (such as hunting, pest control, collecting, or target shooting). Self-defence is only accepted as a good reason in Northern Ireland.

Oceania

Firearms are completely prohibited for civilian use without exceptions in Nauru, Palau and Marshall Islands. Fiji suspended all firearm licenses in 2000, Cook Islands and Solomon Islands did the same respectively in 1999 and 1992. Papua New Guinea does not issue new licenses since 2000, but former are still valid. Kiribati effectively made it impossible to obtain new firearms by banning import of them.

Australia

Main article: Gun laws of Australia

Gun laws in Australia are under the jurisdiction of the state governments, with the importation of guns regulated by the federal government. Gun laws were largely aligned in 1996 by the National Firearms Agreement. In two federally funded gun buybacks and voluntary surrenders and state governments' gun amnesties before and after the Port Arthur Massacre, more than a million firearms were collected and destroyed, possibly one third of the national stock.

A person must have a firearm licence to possess or use a firearm. Licence holders must demonstrate a "genuine reason" (which does not include self-defence) for holding a firearm licence and must not be a "prohibited person". All firearms must be registered by serial number to the owner, who must also hold a firearms licence.

New Zealand

Main article: Gun law in New Zealand

New Zealand's gun laws focus mainly on vetting firearm owners. A firearms licence may be issued by police to applicants who attend a safety lecture, pass a written test on safety and the Arms Code, and have secure storage for firearms and ammunition; the police will also interview the applicant and two references to be certain the applicant is "fit and proper" to own a firearm. Having criminal associations, a history of domestic violence, mental instability, or alcohol or drug use almost always result in the application being denied. Misbehavior involving firearms commonly leads to a firearms licence being revoked by police. Even when licensed, a person may only be in possession of a firearm for a particular lawful, proper and sufficient purpose, for which the NZ Police policy is to exclude self-defense, however this is not written in the Arms Act or supporting regulations.

Machine carbines, sub-machine guns, and firearms capable of full automatic fire are all classified as restricted weapons, requiring a special procurement permit issued by the Police. Additionally, pistols intended for use outside of Commissioner-approved shooting ranges are subject to specific regulations and may require special permits beyond those for shooting club use.

After the Christchurch mosque shootings in 2019, legislation to restrict semi-automatic firearms and magazines with a capacity of more than 10 rounds, and provide an amnesty and buyback of such weapons was introduced and passed by the New Zealand parliament.

See also

• Arms Trade Treaty
• Concealed carry
• Defensive gun use
• Estimated number of civilian guns per capita by country
• Global gun cultures
• Glossary of firearms terms
• Gun control
• Gun ownership
• Gun violence
• Index of gun politics articles
• Laws on crossbows
• List of countries by firearm-related death rate
• Percent of households with guns by country
• Right to arms

Notes

1. ^ P – pistol, S – shotgun, R – rifle, CF – centerfire, RF – rimfire, SA – semi-automatic, LG – long guns e.g: SACFR: semi-automatic centerfire rifle
2. ^ While there is no explicit ban on concealed carry, ban on handguns makes it prohibited in practice.
3. ^ Law requires good reason without stipulating what constitutes a good reason
4. ^ While law does not specifically address open carry it may be not allowed in practice and prosecuted under other laws such as causing panic in public
5. Around 95% of firearm applications granted.
6. Category A and B licences - Depends on the state or territory for rifles and shotguns, except for lever-action shotguns, which are limited to a five round capacity.
   Category C licences - Rifles are limited to a ten round capacity and shotguns are limited to a five round capacity.
   Category D licences - None
   Category H licences - The genuine reason of sport/target shooting is limited to a ten round capacity, otherwise there is no limit.
7. Up to life imprisonment if caught using it for murder.
8. In practice only granted to approved collectors, authorized experts, special licensed gunsmiths or similar persons, otherwise rarely issued
9. Must be carried in a way without public nuisance,
   unusual in civil clothing
10. General population - must prove existence of genuine threat, wide discretion of deciding authority, restricted may issue
    Security personnel (police personal, military police personal or prison guard personal, even after retirement) - shall issue;
    Private Security (armored car drivers, bodyguards or similar security staff, private investigators, supervisory hunters and similar persons) - permissive may issue
    Taxi drivers - permissive or restrictive may issue depending on region
11. 0.7% of firearms applications accepted
12. No new licenses are issued but licenses issued before ban are still valid
13. 99.7% of firearm license applications granted
14. limited to 100 rounds of each registered firearm. Hunting and sports licenses limited to 2000 rounds, 3000 for those with a transport license for each registered firearm. All ammunition sales must be registered.
15. Around 93% of firearm license applications granted
16. Due to reserve military, many people have G3A3/G3A4.
17. Subject to may issue police permit ("exemption") – private citizens only for collecting purposes, rarely issued
18. Otherwise forbidden magazines with higher capacity are subject to shall issue police permit ("exemption") – for variety of reasons incl. self defense, sport, etc.
19. All "Category D" weapons as defined by Act No. 119/2002 Coll. are not registered
20. Special cases specified by penal code, include committing the crime of illicit firearm possession as part of organized group, in "large extent" (many firearms) or during state of war or other emergency
21. 98% of firearm license applications granted
22. Special permit required, for collection, museum display, filming or other specified reason at discretion of authorities (section 44.)
23. ^ While law does not specify "good reason" those are accepted in practice
24. Around 50% of firearm license applications granted
25. Around 60% of firearm license applications granted
26. 89% of firearm license applications granted (2011-2013)
27. However they cannot be discharged, even at shooting ranges
28. 83% of firearm license applications granted
29. 99.6% of firearm license applications granted
30. 98.3% of firearm license application granted (2017)
31. Public display of weapons banned in 2000, ban mostly not enforced
32. Training purpose and institutional permits. Blank-firing automatic firearms may be obtained for historical reenactment purpose.
33. Automatic firearms may be obtained by collectors.
34. Rifle magazines with a capacity of over 10 cartridges and Pistol magazines with a capacity of over 20 cartridges may be acquired by sport shooters.
35. 93% of firearm applications granted
36. ^ Law does not require good reason for firearm license but it gives authorities power to reject applications at their will
37. ^ Handguns only
38. Around 50% of firearm license applications granted (2011).
39. South Sudan's penal code only prohibits possession of fully and semi-automatic firearms (except handguns). No penalties are provided for other types of firearms. In 2016 draft law was enacted that would regulated possession of any kind of firearms. As of November 2020 it has not been passed by the parliament. ()
40. People eligible for shotgun license include employees with salary higher than 400,000 pounds a year, dealers who paid more than 500,000 pounds in taxes and farmers who paid more than 200,000 pounds in taxes over three years
41. Limit for standard shall-issue permit. No limit for shall-issue permit for sport shooters and may-issue exceptional permit
42. Around 57% of firearm license applications granted
43. Golden badge in sport shooting organization for at least three years required : source. Golden badge requires outstanding accomplishments in sport shooting competitions: source
44. Allowed recently
45. Issued only to Members of Parliament, judges and state attorneys
46. 98% of firearm and 97% of shotgun applications granted
47. Shall issue section 2 shotguns, which are limited to 3 rounds (2+1). Shotguns that fall under may issue section 1 are not limited
48. 5 years minimum and up to 10 years maximum for section 5 prohibited firearms. No minimum and up to 5 years maximum for any other non-prohibited but unlicensed firearms
49. De jure part of Palestinian Authority, de facto self-governing territory under control of Hamas. While Palestinian law prohibits possession of firearms without license it has not been implemented in Gaza Strip.
50. In October 2020 Idlib-held Syrian Salvation Government announced plan to start licensing firearms however no date has been provided for start of this and some other rebel groups rejected this decision

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Relevant legislation

1. Afghanistan: Law on Firearms, Ammunitions and Explosives Archived 21 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 2005
2. Albania: Law on Weapons, 2014
3. Andorra: Decree on Possession of Firearms Archived 27 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1989 (in Catalan)
4. Antigua and Barbuda: Firearms Act Archived 30 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 1973
5. Armenia: Law on Weapons, 1998 (in Armenian)
6. Austria: "Waffengesetz, 1996" (in German). 2019. Archived from the original on 25 October 2013. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
7. Bahrain: Firearms, Weapons and Ammunition Law Archived 18 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1976 (in Arabic)
8. Barbados: Firearms Act Archived 2 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 1998
9. Bahamas: Firearms Act Archived 13 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2001
10. Belaurs: Law on Weapons Archived 11 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
11. Belgium: Law on Weapons Archived 10 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2006 (in Dutch)
12. Belize: Firearms Act Archived 10 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2000
13. Benin: Law on Firearms Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine (in French). – Article 18
14. Bhutan: Firearms and Ammunition Act Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1990
15. Bolivia: Law on Control of firearms, ammunition, explosives and other related materials Archived 16 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2013 (in Spanish)
16. Botswana: Arms and Ammunition Act Archived 12 February 2024 at the Wayback Machine
17. Bulgaria: Law on Weapons Archived 15 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2010 (in Bulgarian)
18. Canada: Firearms Act Archived 21 September 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1995
19. Storage, Display, Transportation and Handling of Firearms by Individuals Regulations § 10
20. Colombia: DECRETO 2535 Archived 15 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1993 (in Spanish)
21. Costa Rica: Weapons and Explosives Law Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine
22. Croatia: "Law on Procurement and Possession of Weapons by Citizens". zakon.hr (in Croatian). 2020. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
23. Cuba: Law on Arms and Ammunition Archived 19 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 2008 (in Spanish)
24. Cyprus: Law on Firearms and Other Weapons Archived 20 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2004 (in Greek)
25. Czech Republic: Act No. 119/2002 Coll., on Firearms and Ammunition Archived 14 January 2024 at the Wayback Machine, 2001 (in Czech)
26. Congo: Ordinance No. 62/24 Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1962 (in French)
27. Dominica: Firearms Act Archived 30 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 2011
28. Ethiopia: "Firearm Administration and Control Proclamation" (PDF). 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
29. Estonia: "Weapons Act". Riigiteataja.ee. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 29 January 2015. (in Estonian)
30. Finland: Weapons Act Archived 13 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1998
31. Gabon: Decree no 00186/PR Archived 13 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2017
32. Gambia: "Arms and Ammunition Act, Gambia" (PDF). 1990. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 November 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
33. Germany: Waffengesetz Archived 24 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 2002 (in German)
34. Grenada: Firearms Act Archived 30 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 1968
35. Arms and Ammunition Act 7 Archived 3 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 1996
36. Guatemala: Law on Arms and Ammunition Archived 24 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 2009 (in Spanish)
37. India: Arms Act, 1959
38. Ireland: Firearms Act Archived 4 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1925
39. Jamaica: Firearms Act Archived 9 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine, 1967
40. Ivory Coast: Regulation of Weapons and Ammunition Archived 28 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 1999 (in French)
41. Jordan: Firearms and Ammunition Act, 1952 (in Arabic)
42. Kenya: Firearms Act Archived 28 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 2015
43. Kyrgyzstan: Law on Weapons Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1991 (in Kyrgyz)
44. Latvia: Law on The Handling of Weapons Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2002 (outdated, as of 2019)
45. Lesotho: Arms and Ammunition Act Archived 14 January 2024 at the Wayback Machine, 1996
46. Liberia: Firearms and Ammunition Control Act Archived 11 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine, 2015
47. Libya: Law on arms, ammunition and explosives law Archived 24 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 1967
48. Lithuania: Law on the control of arms and ammunition Archived 13 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2002
49. Malawi: Firearms Act Archived 28 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 1997
50. Malaysia: Arms Act Archived 18 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine, 1960
51. Malta: Arms Act Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2005
52. Mauritius: Firearms Act Archived 28 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
53. Moldova: On the regime of firearms and ammunition for civilian use Archived 15 January 2024 at the Wayback Machine, 2012
54. Montenegro: Law on Weapons Archived 13 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine
55. Namibia: Arms and Ammunition Act 7 Archived 3 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 1997
56. Nepal: Arms and Ammunition Act Archived 7 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2019
57. New Zealand: Arms Act Archived 2 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, 1983
58. Nigeria: Firearms Act Archived 30 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine
59. Norway: Act Relating to Firearms and Ammunition, 1961
60. Oman: Weapons and Munitions Law Archived 13 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine
61. Pakistan: "Issuance of Prohibited/Non-Prohibited Arms Policy". Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023., 2012
62. Paraguay: Act No. 4,036 on Firearms, their Parts and Components, Ammunition, Explosives, Accessories and Similar Items Archived 28 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 2010 (in Spanish)
63. Philippines: Republic Act No. 10591 Archived 26 May 2022 at the Wayback Machine, 2013
64. Poland: Weapons and Munitions Act Archived 26 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1996 (in Polish)
65. Portugal: Lei n.º 50/2019 Archived 22 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2019 (in Portuguese)
66. Saint Kitts and Nevis: Firearms Act Archived 30 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 2002
67. Saint Lucia: Firearms Act Archived 14 January 2024 at the Wayback Machine, 2003
68. Saint Vincent and Grenadines: Firearms Act Archived 30 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 1995
69. Samoa: Arms Ordinance Archived 13 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1960
70. San Marino: ACT IN THE MATTER OF WEAPONS AND EXPLOSIVES Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2012
71. São Tomé and Príncipe: Law on Hunting Archived 13 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine (in Portuguese), Article 22 "Permitted weapons"
72. Saudi Arabia: Weapons and Ammunition System Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine (in Arabic)
73. Serbia: "Decree n Proclamation of the Law on Weapons and Ammunition" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023., 2015
74. Sierra Leone: The Arms and Ammunition Act, 2007
75. South Sudan: Penal Code Archived 1 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 2008. Section 72: Possession of Dangerous Weapons
76. Suriname: Firearms Bill Archived 30 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 1930
77. Switzerland: Weapons Act Archived 30 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 1997 (in German)
78. Sweden: Arms Act Archived 17 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1997 (in Swedish)
79. Tajikistan: Law on Weapons Archived 18 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2013 (in Tajik)
80. Tanzania: The Firearms and Ammunition Control Act Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2015
81. Thailand: FIREARMS, AMMUNITION, EXPLOSIVES, FIREWORKS AND IMITATION FIREARMS ACT Archived 10 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1947
82. Tonga: Arms and Ammunition Act Archived 10 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine
83. Trinidad and Tobago: Firearms Act Archived 13 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2016
84. Uganda: Firearms Act Archived 29 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 1970
85. United Arab Emirates: Federal Law No. 3 on Weapons, Ammunition and Explosives Archived 10 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2009
86. United Kingdom: Firearms Act Archived 10 September 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1997
87. Northern Ireland: THE FIREARMS (NORTHERN IRELAND) ORDER 2004 Archived 24 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine
88. Uruguay: Decreto N° 377/016 Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2014 (in Spanish)
89. Vietnam: Law on management and use of weapons, explosives and combat gears Archived 13 January 2024 at the Wayback Machine(in Vietnamese)
90. Zambia: Firearms Act Archived 13 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine
91. Zimbabwe: Firearms Act Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 1957
92. Greenland: Act on control and registration of firearms in Greenland, 1992
93. Hong Kong: Firearms and Ammunition Ordinance Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 2019
94. Puerto Rico: Weapons Act, 2020
95. Chad: Ordinance No 26/PG-INT Regulating Import, Transport, Sale, and Possession of Firearms and Ammunition, 1968 Archived 5 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine
96. Somaliland: Arms Control Act Archived 9 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 2010 (in Somali). Translated: Archived 7 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine
97. "Gazzetta Ufficiale".

External links

• GunPolicy.org – University of Sydney hosted database on armed violence, firearm law and gun control Archived 10 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine
• Small Arms Survey with 2007 survey of 178 countries
• New York handgun law Archived 29 June 2022 at the Wayback Machine The Aware News. Retrieved 24 June 2022
• Missing Pieces: A Guide for Reducing Gun Violence through parliamentary action Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, Inter-Parliamentary Union, 2007
• Questionnaire for the Seventh United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems, covering the period 1998––2000

v t e Gun laws by country
Africa	South Africa
Americas	Argentina Brazil Canada Chile Guatemala Honduras Jamaica Mexico United States Uruguay Venezuela
Asia	Azerbaijan China India Israel Japan Kazakhstan Kuwait Lebanon Pakistan Philippines Yemen
Europe	Austria Czech Republic Current law History Finland France Germany Ireland Italy Lithuania Malta North Macedonia Norway Poland Russia Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom
Oceania	Australia New Zealand
Other	Soviet Union

v t e Gun laws in the Americas
Sovereign states	Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago United States Uruguay Venezuela
Dependencies and territories	Anguilla Aruba Bermuda Bonaire British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Falkland Islands French Guiana Greenland Guadeloupe Martinique Montserrat Puerto Rico Saba Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Turks and Caicos Islands U.S. Virgin Islands
North America Central America Caribbean South America

v t e Gun politics in Europe
Sovereign states	Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom
States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Kosovo Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria
Dependencies and other entities	Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Svalbard
Other entities	European Union

v t e Lists of countries by laws and law enforcement rankings
Age of	Candidacy for political office Consent Criminal responsibility Drinking Driving Majority Marriage in the US Retirement Mandatory retirement School-leaving in the US Voting Suffrage Youth suffrage Working
Drugs and alcohol	Drug and precursor laws by country or territory Alcohol Alcohol consumption Bath salts Legal status of Mephedrone Legal status of Methylone Legal status of MPDV Cocaine use Legality Methamphetamine Legality Opiate use Psychedelics Amanita mushroom Legality Ayahuasca Legality Cannabis Legality Annual use Lifetime use Ibogaine Legality LSD Legality Psilocybin mushroom Legality Salvia divinorum Legality
Death	Legality of euthanasia Law enforcement killings Legality of suicide Legality of assisted suicide
Guns	Deaths Households Laws Ownership
Punishment	Death penalty Incarceration Life imprisonment
Policing	Prisoner abuse Size of police forces
Obscenity	Incest Laws Pornography Child pornography Fictional pornography depicting minors Simulated child pornography Internet pornography Prostitution Sex trafficking Sexual assault Child sexual abuse Rape Sodomy law
Reproduction	Abortion law Minors and abortion Adoption law International adoption Human cloning Sterilization Surrogacy
Censorship	Censorship by country Book censorship by country Cartographic censorship Film censorship by country Internet censorship by country Censorship of LGBT issues Political censorship Television censorship by country Video gaming censorship by country
Human rights	Children's rights Children in the military Intersex rights Same-sex marriage Human trafficking
Freedom of movement	By country In the air Abode
Property and environment	Air Estate Land Minerals Mining Mortgage Water Riparian water
Business	Competition Mergers and acquisitions Monopoly Corporate Corporate liability Legality of cryptocurrency
Violence	Corporal punishment At home At school In court LGBT rights Police brutality Smoking Alcohol law Murder Slavery
International ownership	International waters Admiralty law UN Convention on the Law of the Sea Antarctic Treaty System World Intellectual Property Organization World Intellectual Property Indicators Foreign ownership International copyright treaties
Other	Animal rights Immigration law National legal systems Religious law Separation of church and state Sharia World Justice Project
List of international rankings Lists by country

v t e Firearms (list, glossary, and topics)
Firearm lists Gun History Safety War Weapon
Types of firearms Breechloader versus muzzleloader Combination weapons Combination Elephant Flare gun Line thrower Long gun Carbine Musket Takedown Multiple-barrel (list) Needler Net gun Pen gun Riot gun Rotary Single-shot Sleeve gun Smoothbore Spring-gun Underwater firearm Handguns Cane gun Derringer Duelling Pistol list Machine Pepper-box Pocket Revolver list Semi-automatic pistol list Pistol caliber Personal defence weapon Submachine gun Starting Wallet gun Rifles (list) Anti-materiel Anti-tank Assault list Automatic Battle list Carbine list Double Hunting Buffalo Elephant Express Punt Varmint Marksman Rifling Polygonal Repeating Sniper list Machine guns General purpose Light Medium Heavy SAW Shotguns (list) Automatic shotgun Coach gun Combat shotgun Double-barreled Pump action Riot Sawed-off Ammunition 20-gauge shotgun Breaching round Dragon's breath Shotgun shell .410 bore Shot Slug Historic or famous AK-47 AR-15 M16 Antique firearms Gatling gun Winchester rifle M1 Garand Mauser rifles Tommy Gun MP 40 Uzi Colt Peacemaker M1911 Glock
Mechanics and components Components Barrel Feed ramp Slug Threads Trunnion Bayonet Belt Blank-firing adapter Breechblock Breechface Bolt Rotating Telescoping Flapper Roller Tilting Bump stock Chamber Cocking handle Cylinder Extractor Firing pin Flash suppressor Fluting Forward assist Freebore Forearm Foregrip Hammer Half-cock Linear Striker Lock Flintlock Wheellock Magazine Bottom metal Clip Drum High-capacity Speedloader Stripper clip Muzzle brake Muzzle shroud Pistol grip Pistol slide Rail system Receiver Recoil pad Rim Safety Sear Auto sear Shroud Silencer Squeeze bore Choke Stock Synchronization gear Tapering Trigger guard Sights Diopter Finderscope Globe Holographic Iron Laser Reticle Reflex Red dot Magnifier Scope mount Tang Telescopic Night vision Thermal Zeroing Actions Blowback Blow-forward Bolt Boxlock Breechloading Break Open bolt Closed bolt Electronic Gas-operated Lever Muzzleloading Out-of-battery Pump Push/Controlled feed Recoil-operated Repeating Revolver Self-loading Single-shot Slamfire Physics Ballistics Ballistic coefficient External Terminal Transitional Physics of firearms Rangefinding/keeping Mathematics Stadiametric Metrics Accurizing Bore axis Caliber Circular error probable Effective range Gauge Gun chronograph Gun harmonisation Headspace Length of pull Lock time Match grade Mean time between failures Minute of Angle (MOA) Muzzle Energy Rise Velocity Penetration Power factor Precision-guided Rate of fire Recoil Group Stock measurements Stopping power Handgun effectiveness Twist rate
Shooting and ammunition Gunshot Dry fire Firing (Shooting) Gunshot Firefight Maintenance Field strip Fouling Malfunction Cooking off Hang fire Squib load Ricochet Ignition Fire forming Obturation Primer Gunpowder Percussion cap Rimfire Tubes and Primers Propellant Ball propellant Cordite Improved Military Rifle Ramrod Smokeless powder Ammunition Cannelure Dummy round Snap cap Flechette Gas check Overpressure ammunition PCA Sabot Wadding Bullets Armour piercing Cast Expanding Full metal jacket Frangible Green Incendiary High explosive HEIAP Projectile Raufoss Round shot SLAP Soft point Supercavitating Total metal jacket Tracer Hollow base Hollow point Minié Meplat Plastic tipped ABCBC Snake shot Spitzer VLD Cartridges Blank Caseless Centrefire Handloading Rifle cartridge Fully powered Intermediate list Paper Pinfire Wildcat
Society, safety, industry, and laws Society Celebratory gunfire Civilian gun ownership Household ownership rates Exhibition shooting Gun cultures United States Gun shows State firearms Hunting Jungle style Pistol duelling Politics Shooting sports Civilian Marksmanship Program Gun violence and safety in the United States Assassinations Deaths Forensics Gunfighter Gun safety Firearm industry 3D printed firearm list Firearm brands Firearms by country Gun shops list Gunsmith Improvised firearm Most-produced Privately made Small arms trade Arms control Arms and Gun control Disarmament Campaign Against Arms Trade Featureless rifles Gun laws Air travel Assault weapons Concealed carry in the U.S. License High-capacity magazine ban Right to bear arms Small Arms & Light Weapons (SALW) United States Gun Laws (by U.S. state) Legislation Politics Federal Assault Weapons Ban

v t e Hunting topics
History	Ancient Egypt Hunter-gatherer Medieval hunting Imperial hunt of the Qing dynasty North American hunting technologies
Forms	Bat-fowling Beagling Bowhunting Big–game hunting Coursing Game stalkering Gigging Green hunting Falconry Eagles Field sports Fowling Handgun hunting Internet hunting Layout hunting Montería Muttonbirding Persistence hunting Pest control Plume hunting Spotlighting Trophy hunting Trapping Trail hunting Treeing Upland hunting Varmint hunting Venatio Waterfowl hunting
Equipment	Camouflage Game call Duck call Ghillie suit Hunting bag Hunting weapon Air gun Assegai Bow and arrow Bear spear Boar spear Boomerang Blowgun Crossbow Pistol Punt gun Rifle Spear-thrower Shotgun Sword Throwing stick Silencer Shooting brake Shooting sticks
Game	Alligator Bear Big five Bison Boar Raccoon Deer Stalking Fox Hare Human Headhunting Jackal Mink Plains game Rabbit Rook Tiger Turkey Turtle Lion Quail Wolf With dogs Seal Squirrel Poaching Whale Aboriginal Dolphin drive hunting Subsistence hunting of the bowhead whale
Infrastructure	Buffalo jump Buffalo pound Chase (land) Deer park (England) Deer forest Desert kite Game larder Game reserve Game farm Guest ranch Hunting blind Bird hide Salter Sporting lodge Jagdschloss Wolf trap
By location	Australia Dugong Kangaroo Azerbaijan Tiger Cambodia Chad Elephant Greenland Reindeer India Tiger poaching Rhino poaching in Assam Kenya Elephant New Zealand Helicopter-based hunting in Fiordland Pakistan Trophy Hunting Russia Romania Spain Switzerland Federal hunting reserves Tonga Pigeon United States Alaska United Kingdom Driven grouse shooting
Regulation and conservation	Bag Bag limits Conservation officer Deer management Game Act 1831 Game law Game preservation Hunting license Hunting Act 2004 Hunting season Poaching Sustainable hunting
Culture	Bambi effect Blooding Canned hunt Car hawking Duck ague Falconry training and technique Fair chase Field dressing Gamekeepers in the United Kingdom Gillie Hunting dog Gun dog Hunting magic List of hunting deities List of big-game hunters Opposition to hunting Parahawking Professional hunter Killing of Cecil the lion Raptor persecution Safety orange Safari Take Tracking Wild Hunt White hunter
Organizations	Boone and Crockett Club Countryside Alliance Ducks Unlimited Federation of Associations for Hunting and Conservation of the EU Finnish Hunters' Association Hunt Saboteurs Association Humane Society of the United States League Against Cruel Sports North American Falconers Association People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals Safari Club International
Other	Bowfishing Bounty hunter Blood sport Drag hunting Field trial Fur trade Ghost hunting Hunting hypothesis Hunting strategy Honey hunting Insect collecting Mushroom hunting Orchid hunting Overview of gun laws by nation Pearl hunting Spearfishing Wildlife farming

Categories:

• Firearms
• Firearms law by country
• Gun politics
• Minimum ages