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This article is part of a series aboutXi Jinping
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Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy (Chinese: 习近平外交思想) is the current diplomatic and foreign policy doctrine of the People's Republic of China. It is a part of the larger Xi Jinping Thought, which is a component of modern Chinese Communist Party ideology derived from the CCP general secretary Xi Jinping. According to Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi, Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is "the fundamental guideline for China's diplomatic work is an epoch-making milestone in the diplomatic theory of New China." The main point of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is to orient as much of diplomacy as possible to the bilateral level, while still supporting the formal architecture of the international system. In terms of China's foreign policy, Xi Jinping's "Major Country Diplomacy" (Chinese: 大国外交) doctrine has replaced the earlier Deng Xiaoping era slogan of "keep a low profile and build up power" (Chinese: 韬光养晦) and has legitimized a more active role for China on the world stage, particularly with regards to reform of the international order, engaging in open ideological competition with the West, and assuming a greater responsibility for global affairs in accordance with China's rising power and status.

History

During the first five years of Xi Jinping's leadership the budget for diplomacy doubled.

In 2017, state councillor Yang Jiechi incorporated the term "great changes unseen in a century" into the CCP's rhetoric, describing it as a guiding tenet of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy.

According to Xinhua News Agency, Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy was officially adopted during the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs in 2018.

In July 2020, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China inaugurated a research center for the study of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy. The center is part of the China Institute of International Studies.

Reception

Foreign observers have noted that China and the rest of the world play by different rules under Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy. This perceived endorsement of Chinese exceptionalism has been criticized as problematic. Wolf warrior diplomacy seems to be positively perceived by the domestic audience, especially those with a more Chinese nationalist point of view.

In terms of theory, parallels have been drawn to Maoist international relations theory, in particular to Mao Zedong's Three Worlds Theory.

The Global Security Initiative has been described as a "concrete manifestation" of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy.

See also

• Foreign policy of Xi Jinping
• Ten Major Relationships

References

1. Yang, Jiechi (28 November 2017). "Studying General Secretary Xi Jinping's Thought on Diplomacy". Qiushi Journal. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
2. Bishop, Bill. "Xi's thought on diplomacy is "epoch-making"". Axios. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
3. ^ Elia Valori, Giancarlo (11 September 2019). "President Xi Jinping's diplomacy doctrine". Modern Diplomacy. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
4. Smith, Stephen (16 February 2021). "China's "Major Country Diplomacy"". Foreign Policy Analysis. doi:10.1093/fpa/orab002. Archived from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
5. Loh, Dylan M. H. "Over here, overbearing: The origins of China's 'Wolf Warrior' style diplomacy". Hong Kong Free Press. Archived from the original on 10 July 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
6. Bachulska, Alicja; Leonard, Mark; Oertel, Janka (2 July 2024). The Idea of China: Chinese Thinkers on Power, Progress, and People (EPUB). Berlin, Germany: European Council on Foreign Relations. ISBN 978-1-916682-42-9. Archived from the original on 17 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
7. "Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy an epoch-making milestone in China's diplomatic theory: FM". Xinhua. Archived from the original on 9 January 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
8. Tzu-ti, Huang. "China sets up Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy research center". Taiwan News. Archived from the original on 21 July 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
9. Tsang, Steve; Cheung, Olivia (2024). The Political Thought of Xi Jinping. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780197689363.
10. Roy, Denny. "'Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy' Fails to Impress – or Reassure". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
11. Zhu, Zhiqun. "Interpreting China's 'Wolf-Warrior Diplomacy'". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
12. Economy, Elizabeth (3 October 2019). "China's Neo-Maoist Moment". Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
13. Curtis, Simon; Klaus, Ian (2024). The Belt and Road City: Geopolitics, Urbanization, and China's Search for a New International Order. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. p. 198. doi:10.2307/jj.11589102. ISBN 9780300266900. JSTOR jj.11589102.

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v t e Xi Jinping
General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party President of China Chairman of the Central Military Commission
Policies and theories	China under Xi Jinping paramount leader leadership core Li Qiang Government (2023–present) Xi Jinping–Li Keqiang Administration Li Keqiang Government (2013–2023) Li Keqiang Xi Jinping Thought Culture Diplomacy Clear waters and green mountains Chinese Dream Chinese-style modernization Common prosperity Document Number Nine Dual circulation Eight Musts Eight-point Regulation Four Comprehensives Four Confidences Great changes unseen in a century New productive forces Party media takes the party's last name Holistic security concept Three Stricts and Three Honests Historical resolution Two Centenaries Two Establishes and Two Upholds Whole-process people's democracy
Events	First term 2012 election as Party general secretary Anti-corruption campaign Wang Qishan (2012–2017) World Internet Conference 709 crackdown Toilet Revolution in China 2015 China Victory Day Parade Ma–Xi meeting Xi–Chu Summit Second term 2017 reelection as Party general secretary Persecution of Uyghurs in China Xinjiang internment camps China–United States trade war 2019–20 Hong Kong protests 2019 China 70th National Day grand parade COVID-19 pandemic Response 100th Anniversary of the Chinese Communist Party 2020 Inner Mongolia protests 2020-2021 Xi Jinping Administration reform spree 2022 Winter Olympics 2022 Hong Kong visit Third term 2022 2nd reelection as Party general secretary
Diplomacy	Policies Belt and Road Initiative 2017 BRI Forum Community of Common Destiny Global Development Initiative Global Security Initiative Wolf warrior diplomacy China and the Russian invasion of Ukraine Meetings and trips 2013 Russia, Tanzania, South Africa, Congo visit 2015 Pakistan visit 2015 United States visit 2015 United Kingdom visit 2017 Vietnam and Laos visit Kim–Xi meetings 2019 Italy and France visit CPC and World Political Parties Summit 2022 Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan visit 2022 China-Arab States Summit 2023 Russia visit China-Central Asia Summit 2023 Vietnam visit 2024 France, Serbia, Hungary visit 2024 Kazakhstan and Tajikistan visit 2024 Peru and Brazil visit
Works	General Secretary Xi Jinping important speech series The Governance of China The Hopes of President Xi Zhijiang Xinyu
Family	Xi Zhongxun (father) Qi Xin (mother) Ke Lingling (1st wife) Peng Liyuan (2nd wife) Qi Qiaoqiao (sister) Xi Yuanping (brother) Xi Mingze (daughter)
Related	Amazing China Accelerator-in-Chief Awards Censorship of Winnie-the-Pooh Cult of personality Panama Papers (Deng Jiagui) New Zhijiang Army Open Letter asking Xi Jinping to Resign Rhyzodiastes xii General Secretary Xi Jinping's Kindness We Never Forget Xuexi Qiangguo
Category:Xi Jinping

• Chinese foreign policy
• Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party
• International relations theory
• People's Republic of China diplomacy
• Xi Jinping Thought