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:''"Keitai" is also the ] term for ].'' {{redirect|Keitai|mobile phones in Japan|Japanese mobile phone culture}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Emperor Keitai<br>{{nobold|{{lang|ja|継体天皇}}}}
| title = ]
| succession = ]
| image = Statue of Emperor Keitai.jpg
| caption = Statue of Keitai in Mount Asuwa, ], Japan
| reign = 3 March 507 – 10 March 531
| coronation =
| cor-type = Japan
| predecessor = ]
| successor = ]
| posthumous name = ]:<br/>Emperor Keitai ({{lang|ja|継体天皇}})<br/><br/>]:<br/>Ohodo no Sumeramikoto ({{lang|ja|雄大迹天皇}})
| spouse = ]
| issue = {{plainlist|
*]
*]
*]}}
| issue-link = #Consorts and children
| issue-pipe = among others...
| royal house = ]
| father = {{ill|Hikoushi no Ōkimi|ja|彦主人王|vertical-align=sup}}
| mother = Furihime
| birth_date = 450
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{death date and age|531|3|10|450}}
| death_place =
| burial_place = {{Nihongo||三島藍野陵|''Mishima no Akinu no misasagi''}} (Osaka)
}}


'''Emperor Keitai''' (継体天皇 ''Keitai Tennō'') was the 26th ] of ], according to the traditional order of succession. He is believed to have ruled the country during the early ] CE. {{Nihongo|'''Emperor Keitai'''|継体天皇|Keitai-tennō}} (died 10 March 531) was the 26th ],<ref name="kunaicho">] (''Kunaichō''): </ref> according to the traditional ].<ref>Varley, Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki,'' pp. 119–120; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). {{Google books|18oNAAAAIAAJ|''Annales des empereurs du japon,'' pp. 31–33.|page=31}}</ref>


No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 3 March 507 to 10 March 531.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan,'' p. 43.</ref>
== Records on his life ==
His record is confusing as there are differences of his life according to ] and ].


==Legendary narrative==
Kojiki puts his birth year at ] and to have died on April 9, ].{{an|Japanese_dates 1}} It writes that he was called Ōdo no Mikoto(袁本杼命).
Keitai is considered to have ruled the country during the early 6th century, but there is a paucity of information about him. There is insufficient material available for further verification and study. Significant differences exist in the records of the '']'' and the '']''.


The ''Kojiki'' puts this emperor's birth year at 485; and his date of death is said to have been April 9, 527.<ref name=Japanese_dates>Japanese dates correspond to the traditional ] used in Japan until 1873.</ref> In the extant account, he is called {{Nihongo|Ohodo|袁本杼}}.
On the other hand, Nihonshoki put his birth year at ] and to have died on February 7, ] or ].{{an|Japanse_dates 1}} It writes that he was called Ōdo no Kimi(男大迹王) and Hikofuto no Mikoto(彦太尊).


The ''Nihon Shoki'' gives his birth year at 450; and he is said to have died on February 7, 531 or 534.<ref name=Japanese_dates/> In this historical record, he is said to have been called {{Nihongo|Ohodo|男大迹}} and {{Nihongo|Hikofuto|彦太}}.
== Life and genealogy ==
He is said to have been not the son of the immediate previous emperor, but the great-great-great-grandson of ]. According to documents he ascended to the throne when ] died childless and did not appoint a sucesssor; some historians doubt this genealogy and suppose a change of dynasties.


In other historical records, he is said to have originally been King of ], a smaller tribal entity, apparently in northern parts of central Japan, perhaps as far as the coast of ]. Some modern reference works of history call Keitai simply ''King Ohodo of Koshi''.<ref name="a1-25">Aston, William. (1998). ''Nihongi'', Vol. 2, pp. 1–25.</ref>
According to ''Kojiki'' and ''Nihonshoki'', his father was Hikonushi no Kimi and his mother was Furihime. He was born in ]. When Buretsu died, ] recommended Keitai at his age of 58 as a possible heir to the throne. Keitai declared his ascension in Kusuba, in the northern part of ] (present day Shijonawate, Osaka) and married a younger sister of Buretsu, Princess Tashiraga. It is supposed that his succession was not welcomed by everyone, and it took about 20 years for Keitai to enter ], near Kawachi and the political center of Japan at the time.


Keitai's contemporary title would not have been ''tennō'', as most historians believe this title was not introduced until the reigns of ] and ]. Rather, it was presumably {{Nihongo|''Sumeramikoto'' or ''Amenoshita Shiroshimesu Ōkimi''|治天下大王}}, meaning "the great king who rules all under heaven". Alternatively, Keitai might have been referred to as {{Nihongo2|ヤマト大王/大君}} or the "Great King of Yamato".
In Emperor Keitai's later years, ] or ], a rebellion led by Iwai occurred in Tsukushi province, ]. Keitai went to Kyushu and put down the rebellion.


===Genealogy===
Among his sons, ], ] and ] ascended to the throne.
Keitai was not the son of the immediate previous monarch. According to the ''Kojiki'' and ''Nihon Shoki'', Buretsu died without a successor, at which time a fifth generation grandson of ], Keitai, came and ascended the throne.


If Emperor Keitai began a new dynasty as some historians believe, then ] would have been the last monarch of the first recorded dynasty of Japan.<ref>Aston, William. (1998). ''Nihongi'', Vol. 1, pp. 393–407.</ref>
== Notes ==
#Japanese dates correspond to the traditional ] used in Japan until 1873.


According to the ''Kojiki'' and ''Nihon Shoki'', his father was {{Nihongo|Hikoushi no Ō/Hikoushi no Ōkimi|彦主人王}} and his mother was {{Nihongo|Furihime|振媛}}. When Buretsu died, ] recommended Keitai (at the age of 58) as a possible heir to the ]. His mother, Furihime, was a seventh generation descendant of ] by his son, Prince Iwatsukuwake. His father was a fourth generation descendant of ] by his son, Prince Wakanuke no Futamata.
{{start box}}
{{succession box | title=] | before=] | after=] | years=507-531<br>''(traditional dates)''}}
{{end box}}


Genealogy information is supplemented in '']'' which quotes from the now lost text '']'' (7th century). It says he was a son of Ushi no Ōkimi (believed to be equivalent to Hikoushi no Ōkimi), a grandson of Ohi no Ōkimi, a great-grandson of Ohohoto no Ōkimi (brother to ]'s consort), a great-great-grandson of Prince Wakanuke no Futamata, and a great-great-great-grandson of Emperor Ōjin.
]


The genealogical trees of the ''Nihon Shoki'' have been lost, and the accuracy of its account of events remains unknown. This uncertainty raises arguable doubts about this emperor's genealogy.
]

]
Although genealogical information in the '']'' leaves room for discussion, many scholars acknowledge the blood relationship with the Okinaga clan, a powerful local ruling family or the collateral line of the Imperial family-governed Ōmi region (a part of present-day Shiga Prefecture). This family produced many empresses and consorts throughout history. According to the ''Nihon Shoki'', Ohohoto no Ōkimi, the great-grandfather of Emperor Keitai, married into the Okinaga clan. Keitai's mother, Furihime, was from a local ruling family in Koshi (]), so his mother brought him to her home after his father's death. Abundant traditions relating to the family have been passed down by shrines and old-established families in both regions.
]

]
Regardless of speculation about Keitai's genealogy, it is well settled that there was an extended period of disputes over the succession which developed after Keitai's death. A confrontation arose between adherents of two branches of the Yamato, pitting the supporters of sons who would become known as ] and ] against those who were backers of the son who would become known as ].<ref>Hall, John Whitney. (1993). {{Google books|OudvOfBHsvwC|''The Cambridge history of Japan: Ancient Japan'', Vol. I., p. 154.|page=154}}</ref>

==Keitai's reign==
Keitai declared his ascension in Kuzuha, in the northern part of ] (present day Hirakata, Osaka), and married a younger sister of ], Princess Tashiraka. It is supposed that his succession was not welcomed by everyone, and it took about 20 years for Keitai to enter ], near Kawachi and the political center of Japan at the time.

In Keitai's later years, 527 or 528, the ] broke out in Tsukushi province, ]. Keitai assigned ] as Shōgun and sent him to Kyūshū to put down the rebellion.

Among his sons, ], ] and ] ascended to the throne.<ref name="a1-25"/>

The actual site of Keitai's ] is not known.<ref name="kunaicho"/> He is traditionally venerated at a ] ] ] (''misasagi'') at the Ooda Chausuyama ] in ].

The ] designates this location as Keitai's ]. It is formally named ''Mishima no Aikinu no misasagi''.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, p. 419.</ref>

==Consorts and children==
Empress: {{Nihongo|]|手白香皇女|extra=b. 489}}, ]'s daughter
*{{Nihongo|Prince Amekunioshiharakihironiwa|天国排開広庭尊}}, later ]

Consort: {{Nihongo|Menokohime|目子媛}}, Owari no Muraji Kusaka's daughter
*First Son: {{Nihongo|Prince Magari no Ōe|勾大兄皇子}}, later ]
*Second son: {{Nihongo|Prince Hinokuma no Takata|檜隈高田皇子}}, later ]

Consort: {{Nihongo|Wakakohime|稚子媛}}, Mio no Tsunoori no Kimi's younger sister
*{{Nihongo|Prince Ōiratsuko|大郎皇子}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Izumo|出雲皇女}}

Consort: {{Nihongo|Hirohime|広媛}}, Prince Sakata no Ōmata's daughter
*{{Nihongo|Princess Kamusaki|神前皇女}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Manta|茨田皇女}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Umaguta|馬来田皇女}}

Consort: {{Nihongo|Ominoiratsume|麻績娘子}}, daughter of {{Nihongo|Okinaga no Mate|息長真手王}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Sasage|荳角皇女}}, ]

Consort: {{Nihongo|Sekihime|関媛}}, daughter of {{Nihongo|Manda no Muraji Omochi|茨田連小望}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Manda no Ōiratsume|茨田大娘皇女}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Shirasaka no Ikuhihime|白坂活日姫皇女}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Ono no Wakairatsume|小野稚娘皇女}}

Consort: {{Nihongo|Yamatohime|倭媛}}, daughter of {{Nihongo|Mio no Kimi Katahi|三尾君堅楲}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Ōiratsume|大郎子皇女}}
*{{Nihongo|Prince Maroko|椀子皇子}}
*{{Nihongo|Prince Mimi|耳皇子}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Akahime|赤姫皇女}}

Consort: {{Nihongo|Haehime|荑媛}}, daughter of {{Nihongo|Wani no Omi Kawachi|和珥臣河内}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Wakayahime|稚綾姫皇女}}
*{{Nihongo|Princess Tubira no Iratsuko|円娘皇女}}
*{{Nihongo|Prince Atsu|厚皇子}}

Consort: {{Nihongo|Hirohime|広媛}}, daughter of {{Nihongo|Ne|根王}}
*{{Nihongo|Prince Usagi|菟皇子}}
*{{Nihongo|Prince Nakatsu|中皇子}}

==See also==
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]

==Notes==

{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
{{Commons category|Emperor Keitai}}
* ] (1896). London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner. {{OCLC|448337491}}
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; {{OCLC|251325323}}
* ], John Whitney. (1993). Vol. I. Cambridge: ]. {{ISBN|978-0-521-22352-2}}
* Kim Yong Woon (2009). ''History and the Future are One'' (천황은 백제어로 말한다). Seoul.
* ]. (1959). Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. {{OCLC|194887}}
* Seeley, Christopher. (1991). Leiden: ]. {{ISBN|978-9-004-09081-1}}—reprinted by ] (2000). {{ISBN|978-0-8248-2217-0}}
* ] (1834). '']''; ou, Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. {{OCLC|5850691}}
* ] (1980). New York: Columbia University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-231-04940-5}}; {{OCLC|59145842}}

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{{s-ttl|title=]:<br>Keitai|years=3 March 507 – 10 March 531<br>''(traditional dates)''}}
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{{Emperors of Japan}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Keitai}}
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Latest revision as of 07:47, 9 December 2024

"Keitai" redirects here. For mobile phones in Japan, see Japanese mobile phone culture. Great King of Yamato
Emperor Keitai
継体天皇
Great King of Yamato
Statue of Keitai in Mount Asuwa, Fukui Prefecture, Japan
Emperor of Japan
Reign3 March 507 – 10 March 531
PredecessorBuretsu
SuccessorAnkan
Born450
DiedMarch 10, 531(531-03-10) (aged 80–81)
BurialMishima no Akinu no misasagi (三島藍野陵) (Osaka)
SpouseTashiraka
Issue
among others...
Posthumous name
Chinese-style shigō:
Emperor Keitai (継体天皇)

Japanese-style shigō:
Ohodo no Sumeramikoto (雄大迹天皇)
HouseImperial House of Japan
FatherHikoushi no Ōkimi
MotherFurihime

Emperor Keitai (継体天皇, Keitai-tennō) (died 10 March 531) was the 26th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 3 March 507 to 10 March 531.

Legendary narrative

Keitai is considered to have ruled the country during the early 6th century, but there is a paucity of information about him. There is insufficient material available for further verification and study. Significant differences exist in the records of the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki.

The Kojiki puts this emperor's birth year at 485; and his date of death is said to have been April 9, 527. In the extant account, he is called Ohodo (袁本杼).

The Nihon Shoki gives his birth year at 450; and he is said to have died on February 7, 531 or 534. In this historical record, he is said to have been called Ohodo (男大迹) and Hikofuto (彦太).

In other historical records, he is said to have originally been King of Koshi, a smaller tribal entity, apparently in northern parts of central Japan, perhaps as far as the coast of Sea of Japan. Some modern reference works of history call Keitai simply King Ohodo of Koshi.

Keitai's contemporary title would not have been tennō, as most historians believe this title was not introduced until the reigns of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jitō. Rather, it was presumably Sumeramikoto or Amenoshita Shiroshimesu Ōkimi (治天下大王), meaning "the great king who rules all under heaven". Alternatively, Keitai might have been referred to as ヤマト大王/大君 or the "Great King of Yamato".

Genealogy

Keitai was not the son of the immediate previous monarch. According to the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki, Buretsu died without a successor, at which time a fifth generation grandson of Emperor Ōjin, Keitai, came and ascended the throne.

If Emperor Keitai began a new dynasty as some historians believe, then Emperor Buretsu would have been the last monarch of the first recorded dynasty of Japan.

According to the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki, his father was Hikoushi no Ō/Hikoushi no Ōkimi (彦主人王) and his mother was Furihime (振媛). When Buretsu died, Kanamura recommended Keitai (at the age of 58) as a possible heir to the Chrysanthemum throne. His mother, Furihime, was a seventh generation descendant of Emperor Suinin by his son, Prince Iwatsukuwake. His father was a fourth generation descendant of Emperor Ōjin by his son, Prince Wakanuke no Futamata.

Genealogy information is supplemented in Shaku Nihongi which quotes from the now lost text Jōgūki (7th century). It says he was a son of Ushi no Ōkimi (believed to be equivalent to Hikoushi no Ōkimi), a grandson of Ohi no Ōkimi, a great-grandson of Ohohoto no Ōkimi (brother to Emperor Ingyō's consort), a great-great-grandson of Prince Wakanuke no Futamata, and a great-great-great-grandson of Emperor Ōjin.

The genealogical trees of the Nihon Shoki have been lost, and the accuracy of its account of events remains unknown. This uncertainty raises arguable doubts about this emperor's genealogy.

Although genealogical information in the Shaku Nihongi leaves room for discussion, many scholars acknowledge the blood relationship with the Okinaga clan, a powerful local ruling family or the collateral line of the Imperial family-governed Ōmi region (a part of present-day Shiga Prefecture). This family produced many empresses and consorts throughout history. According to the Nihon Shoki, Ohohoto no Ōkimi, the great-grandfather of Emperor Keitai, married into the Okinaga clan. Keitai's mother, Furihime, was from a local ruling family in Koshi (Echizen Province), so his mother brought him to her home after his father's death. Abundant traditions relating to the family have been passed down by shrines and old-established families in both regions.

Regardless of speculation about Keitai's genealogy, it is well settled that there was an extended period of disputes over the succession which developed after Keitai's death. A confrontation arose between adherents of two branches of the Yamato, pitting the supporters of sons who would become known as Emperor Ankan and Emperor Senka against those who were backers of the son who would become known as Emperor Kinmei.

Keitai's reign

Keitai declared his ascension in Kuzuha, in the northern part of Kawachi Province (present day Hirakata, Osaka), and married a younger sister of Emperor Buretsu, Princess Tashiraka. It is supposed that his succession was not welcomed by everyone, and it took about 20 years for Keitai to enter Yamato Province, near Kawachi and the political center of Japan at the time.

In Keitai's later years, 527 or 528, the Iwai Rebellion broke out in Tsukushi province, Kyūshū. Keitai assigned Mononobe no Arakabi as Shōgun and sent him to Kyūshū to put down the rebellion.

Among his sons, Emperor Ankan, Emperor Senka and Emperor Kinmei ascended to the throne.

The actual site of Keitai's grave is not known. He is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at the Ooda Chausuyama kofun in Ibaraki, Osaka.

The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Keitai's mausoleum. It is formally named Mishima no Aikinu no misasagi.

Consorts and children

Empress: Princess Tashiraka (手白香皇女, b. 489), Emperor Ninken's daughter

  • Prince Amekunioshiharakihironiwa (天国排開広庭尊), later Emperor Kinmei

Consort: Menokohime (目子媛), Owari no Muraji Kusaka's daughter

  • First Son: Prince Magari no Ōe (勾大兄皇子), later Emperor Ankan
  • Second son: Prince Hinokuma no Takata (檜隈高田皇子), later Emperor Senka

Consort: Wakakohime (稚子媛), Mio no Tsunoori no Kimi's younger sister

  • Prince Ōiratsuko (大郎皇子)
  • Princess Izumo (出雲皇女)

Consort: Hirohime (広媛), Prince Sakata no Ōmata's daughter

  • Princess Kamusaki (神前皇女)
  • Princess Manta (茨田皇女)
  • Princess Umaguta (馬来田皇女)

Consort: Ominoiratsume (麻績娘子), daughter of Okinaga no Mate (息長真手王)

  • Princess Sasage (荳角皇女), Saiō

Consort: Sekihime (関媛), daughter of Manda no Muraji Omochi (茨田連小望)

  • Princess Manda no Ōiratsume (茨田大娘皇女)
  • Princess Shirasaka no Ikuhihime (白坂活日姫皇女)
  • Princess Ono no Wakairatsume (小野稚娘皇女)

Consort: Yamatohime (倭媛), daughter of Mio no Kimi Katahi (三尾君堅楲)

  • Princess Ōiratsume (大郎子皇女)
  • Prince Maroko (椀子皇子)
  • Prince Mimi (耳皇子)
  • Princess Akahime (赤姫皇女)

Consort: Haehime (荑媛), daughter of Wani no Omi Kawachi (和珥臣河内)

  • Princess Wakayahime (稚綾姫皇女)
  • Princess Tubira no Iratsuko (円娘皇女)
  • Prince Atsu (厚皇子)

Consort: Hirohime (広媛), daughter of Ne (根王)

  • Prince Usagi (菟皇子)
  • Prince Nakatsu (中皇子)

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 継体天皇 (26)
  2. Varley, Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, pp. 119–120; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 31–33., p. 31, at Google Books
  3. Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 43.
  4. ^ Japanese dates correspond to the traditional lunisolar calendar used in Japan until 1873.
  5. ^ Aston, William. (1998). Nihongi, Vol. 2, pp. 1–25.
  6. Aston, William. (1998). Nihongi, Vol. 1, pp. 393–407.
  7. Hall, John Whitney. (1993). The Cambridge history of Japan: Ancient Japan, Vol. I., p. 154., p. 154, at Google Books
  8. Ponsonby-Fane, p. 419.

References

Regnal titles
Preceded byEmperor Buretsu Emperor of Japan:
Keitai
3 March 507 – 10 March 531
(traditional dates) 		Succeeded byEmperor Ankan
Japan Emperors of Japan (list)
Legendary
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660 BC–291 BC
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290 BC–269 AD
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269–539
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539–710
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710–794
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794–1185
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1185–1333
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1333–1392
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1333–1573
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1573–1603
Edo
1603–1868
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1868–1947
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Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE / AD  Imperial Consort and Regent Empress Jingū is not traditionally listed.

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