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| ] was a hierarchical social order in ancient India, based on the ]. Since the Vedic corpus constitute the earliest literary source, it came to be seen as the origin of caste society. In this ] view of caste, varnas were created on a particular occasion and have remained virtually unchanged. In this ordering of society, notions of purity and pollution were central, and activities were delineated in this context. Varna divides the society into four groups ordered in a hierarchy; beyond these, outside the system, lies a fifth group known as the |
] was a hierarchical social order in ancient India, based on the ]. Since the Vedic corpus constitute the earliest literary source, it came to be seen as the origin of caste society. In this ] view of caste, varnas were created on a particular occasion and have remained virtually unchanged. In this ordering of society, notions of purity and pollution were central, and activities were delineated in this context. Varna divides the society into four groups ordered in a hierarchy; beyond these, outside the system, lies a fifth group known as the ''untouchables'', of which the Chandala became a constituent part.<ref>{{cite book |title=Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300 |first=Romila |last=Thapar |authorlink=Romila Thapar |publisher=University of California Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-52024-225-8 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-5irrXX0apQC&pg=PA63 |pages=63, 511}}</ref> | ||
| In modern Indian usage, ''Chandal'' is a general derogatory slur used to refer to a filthy, mean or low person.<ref name="Pariah"/><ref>{{cite book |first=A. K. |last=Biswas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z15uAAAAMAAJ|title=The Namasudras of Bengal: profile of a persecuted people |publisher=Blumoon Books |year=2000 |page=viii |quotation=Though he is physically almost practically unknown, save and except in Bengal, calling someone a Chandal is the ultimate insult and humiliation of a Hindu anywhere under the sun.}}</ref> | In modern Indian usage, ''Chandal'' is a general derogatory slur used to refer to a filthy, mean or low person.<ref name="Pariah"/><ref>{{cite book |first=A. K. |last=Biswas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z15uAAAAMAAJ|title=The Namasudras of Bengal: profile of a persecuted people |publisher=Blumoon Books |year=2000 |page=viii |quotation=Though he is physically almost practically unknown, save and except in Bengal, calling someone a Chandal is the ultimate insult and humiliation of a Hindu anywhere under the sun.}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 18:37, 4 September 2019
For the town in Bangladesh, see Chandal, Bangladesh.
Chandala is a Sanskrit word for someone who deals with disposal of corpses, and is a Hindu lower caste, traditionally considered to be untouchable.
Classification
Varna was a hierarchical social order in ancient India, based on the Vedas. Since the Vedic corpus constitute the earliest literary source, it came to be seen as the origin of caste society. In this Brahmanical view of caste, varnas were created on a particular occasion and have remained virtually unchanged. In this ordering of society, notions of purity and pollution were central, and activities were delineated in this context. Varna divides the society into four groups ordered in a hierarchy; beyond these, outside the system, lies a fifth group known as the untouchables, of which the Chandala became a constituent part.
In modern Indian usage, Chandal is a general derogatory slur used to refer to a filthy, mean or low person.
See also
References
- ^ Viswanath, Rupa (2014). The Pariah Problem: Caste, Religion, and the Social in Modern India. Columbia University Press. p. 268. ISBN 978-0-23116-306-4.
- Jha, Ashok Kumar (2013). Meghadutam. PartridgeIndia. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-48289-494-3.
- Thapar, Romila (2004). Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300. University of California Press. pp. 63, 511. ISBN 978-0-52024-225-8.
- Biswas, A. K. (2000). The Namasudras of Bengal: profile of a persecuted people. Blumoon Books. p. viii.
Though he is physically almost practically unknown, save and except in Bengal, calling someone a Chandal is the ultimate insult and humiliation of a Hindu anywhere under the sun.
Further reading
- Anna Dallapiccola, Dictionary of Hindu Lore and Legend, ISBN 0-500-51088-1